Fermentation device

Abstract

The application relates to a fermentation device for fermentation of ganoderma lucidum, wherein the ganoderma lucidum generates a large amount of foam during fermentation, and the fermentation device comprises a fermentation tank, a top cover detachably installed on the side away from the direction of gravity, and a fermentation site of the ganoderma lucidum formed by the fermentation tank and the top cover; a storage bin located on the top cover and storing a defoaming agent inside, wherein the defoaming agent is used for eliminating foam; a spraying turntable rotatably arranged in the fermentation site, in communication with the storage bin and used for spraying the defoaming agent; a plurality of nozzles arranged on the side of the spraying turntable facing the direction of gravity; a rotating pipe penetrating through the top cover and arranged on the spraying turntable; and a fixed pipe arranged at an output end of the storage bin and in movable connection with the rotating pipe. In the application, the defoaming agent is atomized through the nozzles, and the foam on the tank wall is scraped off by scraper plates, and large bubbles are broken by propeller blades, so that the height of the foam is controlled within a safety threshold. The foam sensor monitors the height of the foam in real time, and the data processor analyzes and accurately controls the flow of the peristaltic pump and the rotating speed of the spraying turntable through the control panel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tobacco preparation technology, and in particular to a fermentation apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Reishi mushroom is a fungus with both medicinal and edible value. Traditionally, it's considered a food with medicinal properties, but in the tobacco industry, it's primarily used as a natural additive to improve tobacco quality. Currently, the application of Reishi mushroom in the tobacco industry is concentrated in cigarette production, mainly through the addition of extracts. The core purpose is to optimize the sensory experience of cigarettes and reduce potential harms. Improving the taste and aroma of cigarettes: The polysaccharides and amino acids contained in Reishi mushroom extracts can react with the chemical components of tobacco itself, such as nicotine and tar precursors, neutralizing irritation and increasing the complexity of the aroma. For example, it can reduce the spiciness of burning cigarettes, making the smoke smoother, while also imparting a subtle herbal aroma.

[0003] However, Ganoderma lucidum produces a large amount of foam during cultivation, which not only affects enzyme production but may also adversely impact subsequent processing. Current technologies primarily employ manual or mechanical defoaming methods to address the foam generated during Ganoderma lucidum cultivation. While mechanical defoaming can promote foam elimination to some extent, these methods are highly dependent on environmental factors and have low defoaming rates. Therefore, developing a fermenter device that can effectively reduce foam generation during Ganoderma lucidum cultivation while simultaneously ensuring fermentation efficiency and product quality has become an important research direction in the field of microbial fermentation technology. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a fermentation device to address the current problems of using manual or mechanical defoaming methods to treat foam. Although mechanical defoaming can promote foam elimination to a certain extent, these methods are highly constrained by environmental factors and have a low defoaming rate.

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, a fermentation apparatus is provided for fermenting Ganoderma lucidum, which produces a large amount of foam during fermentation. The fermentation apparatus includes: a fermentation tank with a detachable top cover mounted on the side opposite to the direction of gravity, the fermentation tank and the top cover forming the fermentation site for the Ganoderma lucidum; a storage chamber located on the top cover, which stores an antifoaming agent for eliminating the foam; and a spraying turntable rotatably disposed within the fermentation site, communicating with the storage chamber and used to spray the antifoaming agent.

[0006] The spraying turntable has multiple nozzles on the side facing the direction of gravity. A rotating pipe is installed on the spraying turntable and passes through the top cover. The rotating pipe drives the spraying turntable to rotate relative to the top cover. A fixed pipe is installed at the output end of the storage chamber. The rotating pipe is movably connected to the fixed pipe. The defoamer in the storage chamber enters the spraying turntable in sequence through the fixed pipe and the rotating pipe.

[0007] In one embodiment, a T-shaped hanging rail is provided on the side of the spraying turntable facing the top cover, and a T-shaped groove is opened on the inner wall of the top cover facing the fermentation tank. The T-shaped hanging rail is rotatably disposed in the T-shaped groove; the spraying turntable is rotatably disposed on the top cover via the T-shaped hanging rail.

[0008] In one embodiment, a limiting protrusion is provided on the outer wall of the fixed tube facing the rotating tube, and a connecting hoop is provided on the outer wall of the rotating tube facing the fixed tube. The limiting protrusion is rotatably disposed within the connecting hoop. The rotating tube is rotatably connected to the fixed tube through the connecting hoop.

[0009] In one embodiment, a bearing is also installed on the top cover, and the rotating tube is installed inside the bearing. The rotating tube is rotatably mounted on the top cover through the bearing. The fermentation device includes a rotary motor, and a drive gear is installed at the output end of the rotary motor. A gear ring is installed on the outer wall of the rotating tube, and the gear ring meshes with the drive gear.

[0010] In one embodiment, a first locking protrusion is provided on the outer wall of the fermenter facing the top cover, and a second locking protrusion is provided on the outer wall of the top cover facing the fermenter; the fermentation device includes a plurality of locking members, which are installed on the first locking protrusion and the second locking protrusion; the top cover is detachably installed on the fermenter by the plurality of locking members.

[0011] In one embodiment, the fermentation apparatus includes a stirring structure, which includes a stirring motor disposed on the outer wall of the fermentation tank facing the direction of gravity; the output end of the stirring motor is provided with a propeller blade and a plurality of scrapers located in the fermentation area, and the plurality of scrapers are all in contact with the inner wall of the fermentation tank.

[0012] In one embodiment, a peristaltic pump is installed on the storage chamber, and the output end of the peristaltic pump is connected to the fixed pipe; the storage chamber is provided with a liquid inlet.

[0013] In one embodiment, a discharge pipe is provided on the outer wall of the fermenter facing the direction of gravity, and a discharge valve is installed on the discharge pipe; a feeding pipe is provided on the top cover, and a feeding valve is installed on the feeding pipe.

[0014] In one embodiment, the fermentation apparatus includes a protective cover that is detachably mounted on the top cover; the rotary motor, drive gear, gear ring, rotating tube, and at least a portion of the fixed tube are all located inside the protective cover.

[0015] In one embodiment, the fermenter is provided with multiple observation windows; the fermenter is provided with a control panel; the fermentation device includes a support frame, and the fermenter is mounted on the support frame.

[0016] This application has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This application utilizes a rotating atomized food-grade defoamer sprayed from a rotary disc. The defoamer, after being atomized through nozzles, covers the entire fermentation liquid surface, increasing the contact area by 3-5 times compared to traditional spraying. A scraper on the tank wall, combined with a stirring structure, removes foam, and a propeller breaks up large bubbles, keeping the foam height within a safe threshold. A foam sensor monitors foam height and density in real time. The data processor analyzes the data and precisely controls the peristaltic pump flow rate and the rotary disc speed via a control panel. The defoaming system is activated only when foam levels exceed the limit, reducing the amount of defoamer used compared to traditional timed addition methods. This lowers production costs while avoiding the potential impact of excessive defoamer on microbial metabolism.

[0018] This device supports automatic operation, requiring no manual intervention from foam monitoring and defoaming initiation to nutrient replenishment and parameter adjustment. The human-machine interface on the control panel intuitively displays real-time data and system status, triggering audible and visual alarms and providing handling suggestions in case of abnormalities, thus reducing the reliance on highly skilled personnel in production. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the stirring structure in one embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the spraying turntable in one embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the top cover in one embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the top cover in one embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0026] 1. Fermentation tank; 101. Observation window; 102. Control panel; 103. First locking boss; 104. Feed pipe; 105. Feed valve; 106. Support frame;

[0027] 2. Top cover; 201. Second locking boss; 202. Locking component; 203. Feeding pipe; 204. Feeding valve; 205. T-slot; 206. Bearing; 207. Protective cover;

[0028] 3. Stirring structure; 301. Stirring motor; 302. Propeller blades; 303. Scraper;

[0029] 4. Spraying turntable; 401. Nozzle; 402. T-shaped hanging rail; 403. Rotating pipe; 404. Connecting clamp; 405. Rotary motor; 406. Drive gear; 407. Gear ring;

[0030] 5. Storage compartment; 501. Fixed pipe; 502. Peristaltic pump; 503. Liquid inlet; 504. Limiting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0033] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0034] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0035] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0036] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0037] See appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 6 , Figure 1A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fermentation device according to an embodiment of this application is shown. The device is used for the fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum. During fermentation, Ganoderma lucidum produces a large amount of foam. The fermentation device includes: a fermentation tank 1 with a top cover 2 detachably installed on the side away from the direction of gravity. The fermentation tank 1 and the top cover 2 constitute the fermentation site for Ganoderma lucidum; a storage chamber 5 located on the top cover 2, which stores defoaming agent inside. The defoaming agent is used to eliminate foam; and a spraying turntable 4, which is rotatably set in the fermentation site, communicates with the storage chamber 5, and is used to spray the defoaming agent.

[0038] The spraying turntable 4 has multiple nozzles 401 on the side facing the direction of gravity. A rotating pipe 403 that penetrates the top cover 2 is provided on the spraying turntable 4. The rotating pipe 403 drives the spraying turntable 4 to rotate relative to the top cover 2. A fixed pipe 501 is provided at the output end of the storage chamber 5. The rotating pipe 403 is movably connected to the fixed pipe 501. The defoamer in the storage chamber 5 enters the spraying turntable 4 in sequence through the fixed pipe 501 and the rotating pipe 403.

[0039] Addressing the characteristic of Ganoderma lucidum fermentation that easily generates a large amount of foam, this fermentation device integrates the fermentation container and precise defoaming design. This ensures both the necessary sealed and sterile environment for Ganoderma lucidum growth and efficient foam elimination, preventing fermentation liquid overflow or oxygen transfer obstruction. The fermentation tank 1, as the core container for Ganoderma lucidum fermentation, is typically made of stainless steel with a polished inner wall to prevent mycelial residue from adhering to the wall and facilitate cleaning and sterilization. The tank wall must withstand temperature changes during fermentation to ensure no leakage. The tank opening, facing away from the direction of gravity, is designed as a flange structure, precisely connecting with the top cover 2 to form a sealed space.

[0040] The top cover 2 integrates multiple functional interfaces, including a through hole for the rotating tube 403, a feeding tube 203, and an exhaust port. It also serves as the supporting structure for the storage chamber 5 and the spraying turntable 4, acting as a crucial hub connecting the fermentation container and the defoaming system. The spraying turntable 4 is a circular disc, horizontally positioned within the fermentation area to ensure the defoamer covers the entire liquid surface. Multiple nozzles 401 are evenly distributed on the side of the disc facing gravity. Each nozzle 401 has an orifice diameter of 0.5-1mm, atomizing the defoamer into fine droplets to increase the contact area with the foam. When the foam sensor detects excessive foam height, the control panel 102 triggers the peristaltic pump 502 to start, pumping the defoamer from the storage chamber 5 into the fixed tube 501 at a preset flow rate. The defoamer then flows through the movable connection structure into the rotating tube 403, and finally to the spraying turntable 4.

[0041] See appendix Figure 5 - Appendix Figure 6 A T-shaped hanging rail 402 is provided on the side of the spraying turntable 4 facing the top cover 2. A T-shaped groove 205 is provided on the inner wall of the side of the top cover 2 facing the fermentation tank 1. The T-shaped hanging rail 402 is rotatably mounted in the T-shaped groove 205. The spraying turntable 4 is rotatably mounted on the top cover 2 via the T-shaped hanging rail 402.

[0042] In some embodiments, the annular T-shaped hanging rail 402 on the top of the spray turntable 4 provides vertical support for the spray turntable 4 and serves as a guide rail for rotational movement, limiting the radial displacement of the spray turntable 4. The T-slot 205 is an annular groove on the inner wall of the top cover 2 with a T-shaped cross-section, used to accommodate and fix the T-shaped hanging rail 402, thereby forming a stable rotational guide system, which cooperates with the T-shaped hanging rail 402 to bear the weight of the spray turntable 4. The T-shaped hanging rail 402 and the T-slot 205 ingeniously solve the support and guidance problems of the rotating spraying system, and together with the bearing 206 and the gear transmission system, constitute a highly efficient and stable automatic defoaming system.

[0043] See appendix Figure 5 - Appendix Figure 6 A limiting protrusion ring 504 is provided on the outer wall of the fixed tube 501 facing the rotating tube 403, and a connecting clamp 404 is provided on the outer wall of the rotating tube 403 facing the fixed tube 501. The limiting protrusion ring 504 is rotatably disposed in the connecting clamp 404; the rotating tube 403 is rotatably connected to the fixed tube 501 through the connecting clamp 404.

[0044] In some embodiments, the limiting protrusion 504 is constrained within the connecting clamp 404, allowing relative rotation but restricting axial movement. This structure keeps the fixed pipe 501 stationary while the rotating pipe 403 can rotate freely, ensuring the continuity of the fluid channel. During operation, if the foam sensor detects excessive foam, the data processor analyzes the data, and the control panel 102 issues a command, thus simultaneously activating the rotary motor 405 and the peristaltic pump 502. The defoamer is sprayed evenly, and the process automatically stops once the foam is eliminated.

[0045] See appendix Figure 4 - Appendix Figure 6 The top cover 2 is also equipped with a bearing 206, and the rotating tube 403 is installed inside the bearing 206. The rotating tube 403 is rotatably mounted on the top cover 2 through the bearing 206. The fermentation device includes a rotary motor 405, and the output end of the rotary motor 405 is equipped with a drive gear 406. A gear ring 407 is installed on the outer wall of the rotating tube 403, and the gear ring 407 meshes with the drive gear 406.

[0046] In some embodiments, the bearing 206 is fitted into the center hole of the top cover 2 and provides precise support for the rotating tube 403. A double-row angular contact ball bearing is preferred, capable of simultaneously withstanding radial and axial loads, and is protected by rubber seals or metal dust covers on both sides to prevent moisture ingress. The outer ring of the bearing 206 is interference-fitted into the hole of the top cover 2, while the inner ring is transition-fitted into the rotating tube 403.

[0047] In some embodiments, the rotating pipe 403 is a multifunctional rotating shaft, serving as both a defoamer delivery channel and the rotating shaft of the spray disc 4. This pipe has a hollow tubular structure, with its lower end connected to the spray disc 4, and a gear ring 407 mounted on its upper outer wall, meshing with the drive gear 406. A rotary motor 405 provides rotational power to the spray disc 4 and is installed within the protective cover 207.

[0048] In some embodiments, when the rotary motor 405 starts, it drives the drive gear 406 to rotate. The drive gear 406 meshes with the gear ring 407, transmitting power to the rotating pipe 403. The rotating pipe 403 rotates smoothly under the support of the bearing 206, and drives the spraying disc 4 at its lower end to rotate synchronously. Therefore, the defoamer is sprayed out through the fixed pipe 501, the rotating pipe 403, the spraying disc 4, and the nozzle 401. The control panel 102 automatically starts and stops the rotary motor 405 according to the foam sensor signal, and is linked with the peristaltic pump 502 to achieve precise control of spraying on demand.

[0049] In some embodiments, the foam sensor and data processor constitute a key monitoring link in the fermentation process, providing a basis for decision-making for the automatic defoaming system. The foam sensor is fixed on the inner wall of the top cover, with the probe facing the surface of the fermentation liquid. It adopts the ultrasonic principle, with the transmitting end emitting high-frequency sound wave pulses, which are reflected back to the receiving end when they encounter foam, thereby calculating the height and density through the echo time and intensity.

[0050] See appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 4 The fermentation tank 1 has a first locking protrusion 103 on the outer wall facing the top cover 2, and the top cover 2 has a second locking protrusion 201 on the outer wall facing the fermentation tank 1. The fermentation device includes multiple locking components 202, which are installed on the first locking protrusion 103 and the second locking protrusion 201. The top cover 2 is detachably installed on the fermentation tank 1 by means of multiple locking components 202.

[0051] In some embodiments, the structural design of the corresponding first locking boss 103 and second locking boss 201, which serve as the mounting carrier for the locking member 202, must ensure accurate positioning and uniform stress distribution to avoid sealing failure due to docking deviation. Both are annular flanges with through threaded holes whose diameter matches that of the locking member 202. The bosses are integrally molded with the fermenter 1 and the top cover 2 to avoid stress concentration or contamination in gaps caused by welding. Reinforcing ribs are provided at the base of the first locking boss 103 and the second locking boss 201 to enhance load-bearing capacity.

[0052] See appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 2The fermentation device includes a stirring structure 3, which includes a stirring motor 301 installed on the outer wall of the fermentation tank 1 facing the direction of gravity. The output end of the stirring motor 301 is provided with a propeller blade 302 and multiple scrapers 303 located in the fermentation area. The multiple scrapers 303 are all in contact with the inner wall of the fermentation tank 1.

[0053] In some embodiments, the stirring structure 3 not only mixes the fermentation broth but also plays a crucial role in the defoaming process, significantly improving defoaming efficiency through multiple mechanisms. The stirring structure 3 enhances the defoaming effect in several ways: the high-speed rotating propeller blades 302 generate shear force, directly breaking up bubbles; and the scraper 303, in contact with the liquid surface, generates a scraping action, eliminating surface foam. The eddies and shear forces generated by the propeller blades 302 reduce the stability of the bubble-liquid film, thereby accelerating the bubble coalescence and rupture process. The strong convection generated by the propeller blades 302 ensures rapid and uniform distribution of the defoamer, while the scraper 303 scrapes away foam from the tank wall, preventing foam from climbing up the wall.

[0054] In some embodiments, the stirring structure 3 and the spraying disc 4 form a dual defoaming system combining mechanical and chemical methods. During defoaming, the defoamer is evenly sprayed onto the foam surface, and the convection generated by the stirring blades 302 accelerates the diffusion of the defoamer. Furthermore, the scraper 303 scrapes foam off the tank wall, ensuring full contact of the defoamer.

[0055] Based on the different stages of Ganoderma lucidum fermentation, the stirring system adopts a dynamic defoaming strategy:

[0056] During the inoculation period (0-2 days), stir at low speed (50-80r / min), mainly relying on the scraper 303 to lightly scrape the tank wall to prevent the initial foam from adhering.

[0057] During the growth period (3-7 days), stir at a medium speed (120-200 r / min);

[0058] During peak foam generation, activate the spraying system and use agitation to defoam.

[0059] Product accumulation period (8-12 days), dynamic speed adjustment (100-180r / min), automatically adjusted according to foam height to balance defoaming effect and energy consumption.

[0060] See appendix Figure 4 - Appendix Figure 5 A peristaltic pump 502 is installed on the storage chamber 5, and the output end of the peristaltic pump 502 is connected to the fixed pipe 501; a liquid inlet 503 is provided on the storage chamber 5.

[0061] In some embodiments, the combination of storage chamber 5 and peristaltic pump 502 constitutes a precise feeding system for the fermentation apparatus, a design that ensures that defoamer can be added to the fermentation process on demand and in a measured manner. Storage chamber 5 stores defoamer and provides a stable chemical defoaming resource for the fermentation process.

[0062] The storage chamber 5 is also equipped with a level gauge or level sensor for real-time automatic monitoring of the liquid level. A filling port 503 is located at the top for easy replenishment of defoamer. The peristaltic pump 502 precisely controls the delivery volume and speed of the defoamer. The peristaltic pump 502 generates flow by squeezing the hose with rollers; the medium only contacts the hose and does not contaminate the pump body.

[0063] See appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 4 A discharge pipe 104 is provided on the outer wall of the fermenter 1 facing the direction of gravity, and a discharge valve 105 is installed on the discharge pipe 104; a feeding pipe 203 is provided on the top cover 2, and a feeding valve 204 is installed on the feeding pipe 203.

[0064] In some embodiments, the feed pipe 104 and feed pipe 203 of the fermenter 1 constitute a complete material conveying system. This design not only meets the material replenishment needs during the fermentation process, but also ensures the smooth discharge of the product after the fermentation is completed.

[0065] The feed pipe 104 is located at the bottom of the fermentation tank 1, is made of stainless steel, and smoothly transitions to the tank wall to avoid material accumulation in dead corners. The feed valve 105 is installed at the end of the feed pipe 104, and is a sanitary ball valve or diaphragm valve with good sealing performance to prevent leakage during fermentation.

[0066] In some embodiments, the feed pipe 203 is installed on the top cover 2 and positioned close to the tank wall to reduce interference with the internal stirring flow field and the spray disc 4. The feed valve 204 controls the opening and closing of the feed pipe 203 and can be a manual valve or an automatic control valve, such as a solenoid valve. The feed valve 204 can be linked with the control panel 102 to achieve precise control and automatically add materials according to a preset process.

[0067] See appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 4 The fermentation apparatus includes a protective cover 207, which is detachably mounted on the top cover 2; the rotary motor 405, the drive gear 406, the gear ring 407, the rotating tube 403, and at least part of the fixed tube 501 are all located inside the protective cover 207.

[0068] In some embodiments, the protective cover 207 is an important safety and protection component in the fermentation apparatus. It not only provides protection but also significantly impacts the overall operational stability and ease of maintenance of the equipment. The protective cover 207 is typically made of stainless steel or high-strength engineering plastics, featuring corrosion resistance, high strength, and suitability for humid environments. It is generally streamlined or rectangular in shape, and its surface may have ventilation holes.

[0069] Its function is to isolate moving parts such as the rotary motor 405 and the drive gear 406 from the outside environment, preventing operators from being injured by accidental contact. It also prevents dust and debris from falling into the transmission system, avoiding mechanical failure, and provides electrical isolation to reduce the risk of electric shock.

[0070] See appendix Figure 1 The fermenter 1 is provided with multiple observation windows 101; the fermenter 1 is provided with a control panel 102; the fermentation device includes a support frame 106, and the fermenter 1 is installed on the support frame 106.

[0071] In some embodiments, in the Ganoderma lucidum fermentation apparatus, the observation window 101 serves as a channel for directly observing the growth of Ganoderma lucidum and the foaming situation inside the fermentation tank 1. In order to facilitate the observation of the internal fermentation situation, an observation window 101 made of transparent material is designed.

[0072] The observation window 101 is made of high borosilicate glass or quartz glass. These materials are characterized by high temperature resistance, high light transmittance (≥90%), and strong chemical stability, ensuring a clear view over a long period and preventing a decrease in light transmittance due to material aging. Fermentation tank 1 typically has 2-4 observation windows 101, evenly distributed along the circumference of the tank wall, covering different liquid level ranges of the fermentation broth. This design allows operators to observe the fermentation status and foam formation of the Ganoderma lucidum fungus from different angles and heights, avoiding blind spots caused by a single observation angle.

[0073] The support frame 106 is typically constructed from welded stainless steel square tubing or angle steel, featuring corrosion resistance and high strength to prevent structural deformation due to insufficient load-bearing capacity. Additionally, reinforcing ribs are installed at the bottom of the support frame 106 to enhance overall stability. Anti-slip pads or adjustable anchor bolts are installed at the points of contact with the ground. Anti-slip pads prevent the device from sliding, while anchor bolts allow for height adjustment based on ground flatness, ensuring the support frame remains level.

[0074] In some embodiments, in the Ganoderma lucidum fermentation apparatus, the control panel 102 acts as the central nervous system. The coordination capability of its internal main controller and the convenience of its human-machine interface directly determine the accuracy and operational efficiency of the fermentation process. The control panel 102 achieves synchronous collaboration among multiple systems through deep integration with internal equipment and the defoaming system. The human-machine interface enables real-time data visualization and facilitates convenient operation adjustments.

[0075] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0076] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fermentation apparatus for fermenting Ganoderma lucidum fungi, wherein the Ganoderma lucidum fungi produce a large amount of foam during fermentation, characterized in that, The fermentation apparatus includes: The fermentation tank (1) has a detachable top cover (2) installed on the side away from the direction of gravity. The fermentation tank (1) and the top cover (2) constitute the fermentation site of the Ganoderma lucidum. Storage compartment (5), located on the top cover (2), contains defoamer for eliminating the foam produced during fermentation; A spraying turntable (4) is rotatably set in the fermentation site, connected to the storage chamber (5), and used to spray the defoamer; The spraying turntable (4) is provided with multiple nozzles (401) facing the direction of gravity. The spraying turntable (4) is provided with a rotating pipe (403) that passes through the top cover (2). The rotating pipe (403) drives the spraying turntable (4) to rotate relative to the top cover (2). The output end of the storage chamber (5) is provided with a fixed pipe (501). The rotating pipe (403) is movably connected to the fixed pipe (501). The defoamer in the storage chamber (5) enters the spraying turntable (4) in sequence through the fixed pipe (501) and the rotating pipe (403).

2. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray turntable (4) is provided with a T-shaped hanging rail (402) on the side facing the top cover (2), and a T-shaped groove (205) is opened on the inner wall of the top cover (2) facing the fermentation tank (1). The T-shaped hanging rail (402) is rotatably arranged in the T-shaped groove (205); the spray turntable (4) is rotatably arranged on the top cover (2) through the T-shaped hanging rail (402).

3. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A limiting protrusion ring (504) is provided on the outer wall of the fixed tube (501) facing the rotating tube (403), and a connecting hoop (404) is provided on the outer wall of the rotating tube (403) facing the fixed tube (501). The limiting protrusion ring (504) is rotatably disposed in the connecting hoop (404). The rotating tube (403) is rotatably connected to the fixed tube (501) through the connecting clamp (404).

4. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A bearing (206) is also installed on the top cover (2), and the rotating tube (403) is installed inside the bearing (206). The rotating tube (403) is rotatably mounted on the top cover (2) through the bearing (206). And / or, the fermentation apparatus includes a rotary motor (405), the output end of which is equipped with a drive gear (406), and a gear ring (407) is installed on the outer wall of the rotating tube (403), the gear ring (407) meshing with the drive gear (406).

5. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fermentation tank (1) has a first locking protrusion (103) on the outer wall facing the top cover (2), and the top cover (2) has a second locking protrusion (201) on the outer wall facing the fermentation tank (1). The fermentation device includes multiple locking elements (202), which are installed on the first locking boss (103) and the second locking boss (201); the top cover (2) is detachably installed on the fermentation tank (1) by means of the multiple locking elements (202).

6. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fermentation device includes a stirring structure (3), which includes a stirring motor (301) disposed on the outer wall of the fermentation tank (1) on the side facing the direction of gravity. The output end of the stirring motor (301) is provided with a propeller blade (302) and multiple scrapers (303) located in the fermentation site, and the multiple scrapers (303) are all in contact with the inner wall of the fermentation tank (1).

7. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A peristaltic pump (502) is installed on the storage chamber (5), and the output end of the peristaltic pump (502) is connected to the fixed pipe (501); a liquid inlet (503) is provided on the storage chamber (5).

8. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fermentation tank (1) has a discharge pipe (104) on the outer wall facing the direction of gravity, and a discharge valve (105) is installed on the discharge pipe (104). The top cover (2) is provided with a feeding pipe (203), and a feeding valve (204) is installed on the feeding pipe (203).

9. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fermentation apparatus includes a protective cover (207), which is detachably mounted on the top cover (2); The rotary motor (405), drive gear (406), gear ring (407), rotating tube (403), and at least part of the fixed tube (501) are all located inside the protective cover (207).

10. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fermentation tank (1) is provided with multiple observation windows (101); the fermentation tank (1) is provided with a control panel (102). The fermentation apparatus includes a support frame (106), and the fermentation tank (1) is mounted on the support frame (106).

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