Dental instrument

Abstract

The utility model is used for orthognathic surgery in, postoperative dental instrument, with the teeth receiving cavity's shell body of accommodating patient's many teeth, the left side and the right side of dental median line of shell body respectively set up at least a set of positioning device, positioning device includes the first positioning part and the second positioning part of buccal lingual completely dislocation setting, first positioning part sets up in the lingual side of shell body, second positioning part sets up in the labial cheek side of shell body, first positioning part is towards the protruding setting of counter jaw, includes the first limit part of limiting the counter jaw first tooth in horizontal direction and sagittal movement corresponding to the position of first positioning part, first limit part includes the first side surface of matching with the lingual profile of first tooth, second positioning part is towards the protruding setting of counter jaw, includes the second limit part of limiting the counter jaw second tooth in horizontal direction and sagittal movement corresponding to the position of second positioning part, second limit surface includes the second side surface of matching with the labial cheek profile of second tooth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical devices, more specifically to the field of dental instruments, and particularly to a dental instrument used during and after orthognathic surgery. Background Technology

[0002] Orthognathic surgery is an important means of addressing jawbone developmental abnormalities, improving occlusion, and enhancing facial morphology. Its core principle lies in adjusting the relative positions of the upper and lower jaws to achieve normal occlusal function and facial aesthetics. Most cases requiring orthognathic surgery are those involving abnormal development of the dentition and maxillofacial bones, leading to abnormal relationships between the upper and lower jaws and with other craniofacial bones, resulting in poor occlusal function, stomatognathic system dysfunction, and situations that cannot be treated solely with orthodontics. Examples include severe underbite, receding chin, and malocclusion, where diagnosis indicates orthodontics is ineffective. Orthognathic surgery is also recommended for individuals with high aesthetic demands who wish to alter their facial shape by adjusting jawbone size.

[0003] However, the precise positioning of the maxilla and mandible during orthognathic surgery and the stable maintenance of their position after surgery have always been key challenges in clinical practice: if the positioning is incorrect or the mandible shifts after surgery, it may lead to abnormal occlusion, poor facial morphology, or even the need for a second surgery.

[0004] To address this issue, various positioning devices for intraoperative and postoperative positioning during orthognathic surgery have emerged in the prior art. For example, Chinese patent CN202322871443.5 discloses an orthognathic guide plate in its orthodontic treatment system. This guide plate includes a first U-shaped body with a horseshoe shape and a preset thickness in the vertical direction, and a second U-shaped body with the same thickness in the vertical direction as the first U-shaped body. The first and second U-shaped bodies are used sequentially during orthognathic surgery to position the upper and lower jawbones. However, this type of guide plate is relatively large, and prolonged wear can cause a significant feeling of a foreign body in the mouth, resulting in discomfort. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is to overcome the defects of the existing technology and provide a dental instrument with a compact structure that can stabilize the upper and lower jaws during or after orthognathic surgery.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A dental instrument for use during and after orthognathic surgery, comprising a shell-shaped body with a tooth-receiving cavity for accommodating multiple teeth of a patient, wherein at least one set of positioning devices is respectively provided on the left and right sides of the dental midline of the shell-shaped body, the positioning device comprising a first positioning part and a second positioning part that are completely misaligned in a buccal-lingual direction, the first positioning part being located on the lingual side of the shell-shaped body, and the second positioning part being located on the labial-buccal side of the shell-shaped body; the first positioning part is convex toward the opposing jaw and includes a first limiting part that restricts the horizontal and sagittal movement of the opposing first tooth corresponding to the position of the first positioning part. The limiting part includes a first lateral surface that matches the lingual contour of the first tooth. The second positioning part is convex toward the opposing jaw and includes a second limiting part that restricts the horizontal and sagittal movement of the opposing second tooth corresponding to the position of the second positioning part. The second limiting surface includes a second lateral surface that matches the labial and buccal contour of the second tooth. When worn, the first tooth abuts against the first lateral surface, and the second tooth abuts against the second lateral surface. Through the combined action of the first lateral surface and the second lateral surface, the patient's upper and lower jaws are limited to the target position in the sagittal and horizontal directions.

[0008] This application significantly reduces the volume of the intraoral portion by completely offsetting the first (lingual) and second (labial / buccal) positioning parts at localized locations on the lingual and labial / buccal sides of the shell-like body. This minimizes the foreign body sensation in the patient's mouth, significantly improving the wearing experience and facilitating the smooth progress of surgery. Positioning devices are placed on both sides of the dental midline to achieve bilateral restraint, further ensuring the overall stability of the maxilla and mandible. Furthermore, the coordinated design of the first and second positioning parts simultaneously restrains the maxilla and mandible from two opposite directions—lingual and labial / buccal—significantly enhancing the horizontal and sagittal restraint effect on the maxilla and mandible, avoiding displacement caused by force in a single direction. Moreover, sagittal and horizontal restraint of the maxilla and mandible is achieved on both sides of the dental midline, significantly improving positioning stability. Simultaneously, the surface of the restraining part matches the tooth contour, improving the adaptability and wearing comfort of the dental instrument, effectively ensuring the effectiveness of orthognathic surgery and postoperative recovery.

[0009] Preferably, the first limiting portion further includes a first occlusal surface that matches the occlusal surface contour of the first tooth to restrict the movement of the first tooth in the horizontal and sagittal directions; and / or, the second limiting portion further includes a second occlusal surface that matches the occlusal surface contour of the second tooth to restrict the movement of the first tooth in the horizontal and sagittal directions. With this configuration, the occlusal surface and the lateral surface work together to form a multi-dimensional limiting mechanism of "first lateral surface + first occlusal surface" and "second lateral surface + second occlusal surface," restricting tooth movement in the horizontal and sagittal directions. Simultaneously, the first occlusal surface can also restrict the vertical movement of the mandibular teeth, and the second occlusal surface can also restrict the vertical movement of the maxillary teeth. That is, it also assists in restricting tooth movement in the vertical direction, further consolidating the positioning effect of the dental instrument of this application on the maxilla and mandible during or after orthognathic surgery. Furthermore, through multiple points and opposing occlusal contact limiting, the force points can be dispersed, reducing excessive local pressure on the teeth caused by force on a single lateral surface, and lowering the risk of damage to the tooth cavity where the tooth is located.

[0010] Preferably, the first positioning part and the second positioning part are arranged adjacent to each other. By arranging them adjacent to each other, the force points of the two positioning parts can be brought close together, forming a synergistic limiting effect, enhancing the overall constraint ability of the positioning device on the maxilla and mandible, and reducing minor displacement caused by force dispersion; in addition, the two positioning parts arranged adjacent to each other can also make the structure of the dental instrument more compact, further reducing the feeling of a foreign body in the mouth.

[0011] Preferably, the first positioning part and the second positioning part cover at least two teeth mesiodistally upwards. By covering at least two teeth, the number of support points is increased, and even if a single tooth experiences slight movement, the remaining teeth can still maintain the positioning effect, thus improving the anti-interference ability and stability of the dental instrument of this application.

[0012] Preferably, the first positioning part covers teeth 2-4 in the mesiodistal direction, and the second positioning part covers teeth 4-6 in the mesiodistal direction; or, the second positioning part covers teeth 2-4 in the mesiodistal direction, and the first positioning part covers teeth 4-6 in the mesiodistal direction. With this arrangement, teeth 2-4 and 4-6 cover the premolars and part of the anterior / posterior tooth region. The teeth in this region have stable morphology and strong load-bearing capacity. In particular, teeth 2-4 are located at the arch transition point, which is beneficial for stabilizing the sagittal and horizontal positioning effects. Furthermore, the arrangement of the two positioning parts covering teeth 2-4 and 4-6 respectively conforms to the tooth arrangement patterns of most patients, thus improving the universality of the dental instrument of this application.

[0013] Preferably, the height of the first positioning part extending towards the opposing jaw satisfies the following conditions: during occlusion, the first positioning part covers a position on the first tooth at a distance of 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 from the occlusal surface of the first tooth; the height of the second positioning part extending towards the opposing jaw satisfies the following condition: during occlusion, the second positioning part covers a position on the second tooth at a distance of 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 from the occlusal surface of the second tooth. This configuration ensures sufficient contact area between the two positioning parts and the tooth lateral surface, guaranteeing a proper positioning effect; simultaneously, it avoids excessive extension into the gingival region, reducing irritation to the gums, and does not affect normal occlusion, thus balancing the positioning function with wearing comfort.

[0014] Preferably, the buccal-lingual thickness of the first and second positioning parts ranges from 1mm to 4mm. This 1mm-4mm thickness range ensures that the two positioning parts have sufficient structural strength to prevent deformation; at the same time, it avoids excessive thickening, adapts to the limited space of the oral cavity, and improves wearing comfort and practicality.

[0015] Preferably, the first positioning part extends towards the opposing jaw from any position between the gingival line and the occlusal surface on the tooth receiving cavity side surface covered by the first positioning part, and / or the second positioning part extends towards the opposing jaw from any position between the gingival line and the occlusal surface on the tooth receiving cavity side surface covered by the second positioning part. This configuration, allowing the extension from any position between the gingival line and the occlusal surface, allows for flexible adjustment of the starting points of the two positioning parts according to the actual shape of the patient's teeth (such as length and gingival margin position), improving the adaptability of the dental instrument to individual teeth and ensuring effective contact between the two positioning parts and the tooth surface.

[0016] Preferably, when the first positioning part is formed by protruding from any position between the gingival line and the occlusal surface of the tooth receiving cavity covered by the first positioning part toward the opposing jaw, a first attachment is provided on the side surface of the tooth corresponding to the first positioning part, and the side surface of the tooth receiving cavity where the first positioning part is located protrudes outward at the position corresponding to the first attachment to form a first attachment receiving cavity that matches the first attachment, the end of the first attachment away from the gingival side forms a first bearing part, and the end of the first attachment receiving cavity away from the gingival side forms a first support part. When worn, the first support part is supported on the first bearing part.

[0017] And / or, when the second positioning part is formed by protruding from the side surface of the tooth receiving cavity covered by the second positioning part at any position between the gingival line and the occlusal surface toward the opposing jaw, the side surface of the tooth corresponding to the second positioning part is provided with a second attachment, and the side surface of the tooth receiving cavity where the second positioning part is located protrudes outward at the position corresponding to the second attachment to form a second attachment receiving cavity that matches the second attachment, the end of the second attachment away from the gingival side forms a second bearing part, and the end of the second attachment receiving cavity away from the gingival side forms a second support part. When worn, the second support part is supported on the second bearing part.

[0018] This design creates a "mechanical locking" structure between the attachment and the attachment storage cavity, enhancing the connection stability between the two positioning parts and the teeth. Furthermore, the close fit between the first support part and the first bearing part or the second support part and the second bearing part further disperses the force on the two positioning parts, preventing them from deforming due to excessive local pressure, thus significantly improving positioning accuracy and the durability of dental instruments.

[0019] Preferably, the first positioning part is set at an angle of 120°-150° to the long axis of the tooth corresponding to the first positioning part; and / or, the second positioning part is set at an angle of 120°-150° to the long axis of the tooth corresponding to the second positioning part. Thus, by setting the angle at 120°-150°, the protruding directions of the two positioning parts are both vertical and horizontal, and the limiting force can be evenly distributed in the horizontal and sagittal directions, enhancing the limiting effect in these two directions; at the same time, it avoids excessive force concentration and reduces the risk of damage to the shell-like body. Attached Figure Description

[0020] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same numerical reference numerals are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute a limitation on scale.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dental orthodontic instrument according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dental instrument from a single perspective;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A diagram illustrating the usage of dental instruments in traditional Chinese medicine.

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dental instrument from another perspective;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another dental orthodontic instrument in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dental instrument in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A diagram illustrating the usage of dental instruments. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the various embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been provided in the various embodiments of this utility model to facilitate a better understanding of the invention. However, the technical solutions claimed by this utility model can be implemented even without these technical details and with various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments. The division of the various embodiments below is for ease of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of this utility model.

[0029] The directional terms "up," "down," "left," and "right" used in this document refer to the directions shown in the accompanying drawings and do not imply any specific limitation. Unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the term "connection" in this document should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part of a structure. It can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0030] In the various embodiments of this invention, the term "posterior tooth region" is defined according to the classification of teeth in the 2nd edition of *Introduction to Stomatology*, published by Peking University Medical Press, pages 36-38. It includes premolars and molars, teeth marked as 4-8 using the FDI notation, and teeth marked as 1-3 using the FDI notation for the anterior tooth region. The teeth in the anterior tooth region include the central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines.

[0031] As described in the background section, precise positioning of the maxilla and mandible during orthognathic surgery and stable maintenance of their position after surgery are crucial for clinical practice. In existing technologies, orthognathic guides used during and after orthognathic surgery are bulky, causing significant discomfort and a poor user experience due to prolonged wear and a feeling of foreign body.

[0032] Based on this, the dental instrument provided in this application can be used to fix the relative position of the upper and lower jaws during orthognathic surgery, which facilitates the operation for doctors; it can also be used after orthognathic surgery to fix the position of the upper and lower jaws, prevent displacement of the upper and lower jaws, and facilitate postoperative recovery. Specifically, the dental instrument of this application has a shell-shaped body with a tooth-receiving cavity for accommodating multiple teeth of a patient. At least one set of positioning devices is provided on the left and right sides of the tooth midline of the shell-shaped body. Each positioning device includes a first positioning part and a second positioning part that are completely misaligned in the buccal-lingual direction. The first positioning part is located on the lingual side of the shell-shaped body, and the second positioning part is located on the labial-buccal side of the shell-shaped body. The first positioning part is convex toward the opposing jaw and includes a first limiting part that restricts the horizontal and sagittal movement of the opposing first tooth corresponding to the position of the first positioning part. The first limiting part includes a first lateral surface that matches the lingual contour of the first tooth. The second positioning part is convex toward the opposing jaw and includes a second limiting part that restricts the horizontal and sagittal movement of the opposing second tooth corresponding to the position of the second positioning part. The second limiting part includes a second lateral surface that matches the labial-buccal contour of the second tooth. When worn, the first tooth abuts against the first lateral surface, and the second tooth abuts against the second lateral surface. Through the combined action of the first and second lateral surfaces, the patient's upper and lower jaws are positioned at the target location in the sagittal and horizontal directions.

[0033] The technical solution of this application achieves several advantages. First, by completely offsetting the first positioning part (lingual side) and the second positioning part (labial / buccal side) at local locations on the lingual and labial / buccal sides of the shell-like body, the volume of the intraoral portion is significantly reduced, minimizing the patient's foreign body sensation and significantly improving the wearing experience, thus facilitating the smooth progress of the surgery. Furthermore, positioning devices are set on both sides of the dental midline, achieving bilateral limitation and further ensuring the overall stability of the maxilla and mandible position. Second, through the coordinated design of the first and second positioning parts, simultaneous limitation of the maxilla and mandible teeth is achieved from two opposite directions, the lingual and labial / buccal sides, significantly enhancing the horizontal and sagittal limitation effect on the maxilla and mandible, avoiding displacement caused by force in a single direction. Moreover, sagittal and horizontal limitation of the maxilla and mandible is achieved on both sides of the dental midline, significantly improving positioning stability. Third, the surfaces of the two limiting parts match the tooth contour, improving the adaptability and wearing comfort of the dental instrument, effectively ensuring the effect of orthognathic surgery and postoperative recovery.

[0034] The following will provide a detailed explanation in conjunction with the illustrations.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3As shown, the dental instrument 100 of this application has a shell-shaped body 1 that accommodates multiple teeth of a patient. The shell-shaped body 1 can be a maxillary shell-shaped body 1 accommodating maxillary teeth (as shown in this embodiment), and this embodiment mainly uses the maxillary shell-shaped body as an example for explanation; of course, the shell-shaped body 1 can also be a mandibular shell-shaped body accommodating mandibular teeth. A set of positioning devices 2 is respectively provided on the left and right sides of the dental midline Z of the shell-shaped body 1. Preferably, the positioning devices 2 on the left and right sides are symmetrically arranged about the dental midline Z of the shell-shaped body 1. Each set of positioning devices 2 includes a first positioning part 3 and a second positioning part 4 that are completely offset from the lingual side. That is, firstly, the first positioning part 3 and the second positioning part 4 are not on the same side, not simultaneously on the lingual side or not simultaneously on the labial / buccal side, but respectively on the lingual side and the labial / buccal side; moreover, the first positioning part 3 and the second positioning part 4 are completely offset, that is, the tooth portions covered by the first positioning part 3 and the second positioning part 4 do not overlap. In this embodiment, the first positioning part 3 is disposed on the lingual side of the shell-shaped body 1, and the second positioning part 4 is disposed on the labial / buccal side of the shell-shaped body 1; and the first positioning part 3 is located entirely on the mesial side of the second positioning part 4; the first positioning part 3 is convex toward the opposing jaw, and if the positioning device 2 is disposed in the maxilla, the first positioning part 3 is convex toward the mandible, the first positioning part 3 includes a first limiting part 31 that restricts the horizontal and sagittal movement of the opposing first tooth 5 corresponding to the position of the first positioning part 3, the first limiting part 31 includes a first side surface 311 that matches the lingual side profile of the first tooth 5; the second positioning part 4 is convex toward the opposing jaw, similarly, if the positioning device 2 is disposed in the maxilla, the second positioning part 4 is convex toward the mandible, including a second limiting part 41 that restricts the horizontal and sagittal movement of the opposing second tooth 6 corresponding to the position of the second positioning part 4, the second limiting part includes a second side surface 411 that matches the labial / buccal side profile of the second tooth 6.

[0037] To further explain, the first side surface 311 matches the lingual surface contour of the first tooth 5, including a first horizontal limiting surface 3111 and a first sagittal limiting surface 3112. Similarly, the second side surface 411 matches the lingual surface contour of the second tooth 6, including a second horizontal limiting surface 4111 and a second sagittal limiting surface 4112. The second horizontal limiting surface 4111 can be a concave structure that matches the lingual surface contour of the second tooth 6. When the second tooth 6 abuts against the concave surface, it can restrict the second tooth 6 from moving lingually in the horizontal direction. The second sagittal limiting surface 4112 can be a convex structure that matches the undercut area between adjacent second teeth 6. When the second tooth 6 abuts against the convex surface, it can restrict the second tooth 6 from moving sagittally.

[0038] When worn, the first tooth 5 abuts against the first lateral surface 311, and the second tooth 6 abuts against the second lateral surface 411. Through the combined action of the first lateral surface 311 and the second lateral surface 411, the patient's upper and lower jaws are fixed in the target position in the sagittal and horizontal directions.

[0039] This application significantly reduces the volume of the intraoral portion by completely offsetting the first positioning part 3 (lingual side) and the second positioning part 4 (labial / buccal side) at local positions on the lingual and labial / buccal sides of the shell-shaped body 1. This minimizes the foreign body sensation in the patient's mouth and significantly improves the wearing experience, thus facilitating the smooth progress of surgery. Positioning devices 2 are set on both sides of the dental midline Z to achieve bilateral limitation, further ensuring the overall stability of the position of the maxilla and mandible. Moreover, through the coordinated design of the first positioning part 3 and the second positioning part 4, the maxilla and mandible are simultaneously limited from two opposite directions, the lingual and labial / buccal sides, significantly enhancing the horizontal and sagittal limitation effect on the maxilla and mandible, avoiding displacement caused by force in a single direction. Furthermore, the sagittal and horizontal limitation of the maxilla and mandible is achieved on both sides of the dental midline Z, significantly improving positioning stability. Simultaneously, the surface of the limiting part matches the tooth contour, improving the adaptability and wearing comfort of the dental instrument 100, effectively ensuring the effect of orthognathic surgery and postoperative recovery.

[0040] To further explain, in order to ensure the stability of the dental instrument 100 of this application, the first positioning part 3 and the second positioning part 4 cover at least two teeth in a mesiodistal upward direction. By covering at least two teeth, the number of support points of the first positioning part 3 and the second positioning part 4 is increased. Even if a single tooth moves slightly, the remaining teeth can still maintain the positioning effect, thereby improving the anti-interference ability and stability of the dental instrument 100 of this application.

[0041] In one embodiment, the first positioning part 3 covers teeth 2-4 in the mesiodistal direction, and the second positioning part 4 covers teeth 4-6 in the mesiodistal direction. With this arrangement, the first positioning part 3, located at the anterior position, is positioned on the lingual side, with the buccal side exposed (e.g., Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the device is relatively discreet and aesthetically pleasing to patients, especially when worn after surgery, making it more acceptable to patients. Secondly, teeth 2-4 and 4-6 cover the premolars and part of the anterior / posterior teeth area. The teeth in this area have stable morphology and strong load-bearing capacity. In particular, teeth 2-4 are located at the turning point of the dental arch, which is conducive to stabilizing the sagittal and horizontal positioning effect. Moreover, the setting of covering teeth 2-4 and 4-6 with the two positioning parts respectively conforms to the tooth arrangement pattern of most patients, which can improve the universality of the dental instrument 100 of this application.

[0042] To further enhance the stability of the positioning device 2, the first limiting part 31 may also include a first occlusal surface 312 that matches the occlusal surface contour of the first tooth 5. The first occlusal surface 312 and the occlusal surface contour of the first tooth 5 are concave and convex, wherein the portion of the first occlusal surface 312 that is concave toward the main tooth is used to accommodate the portion protruding on the first tooth 5, and the portion of the first occlusal surface 312 that protrudes away from the main tooth, together restricting the movement of the first tooth 5 in the horizontal and sagittal directions. At the same time, the second limiting part 41 also includes a second occlusal surface 412 that matches the occlusal surface contour of the second tooth 6 to restrict the movement of the first tooth 5 in the horizontal and sagittal directions, wherein the portion of the second occlusal surface 412 that is concave toward the main tooth is used to accommodate the portion protruding on the second tooth 6, and the portion of the second occlusal surface 412 that protrudes away from the main tooth, together restricting the movement of the second tooth 6 in the horizontal and sagittal directions. With this configuration, the occlusal surface and the lateral surface work together to form a multi-dimensional constraint of "first lateral surface + first occlusal surface 312" and "second lateral surface + second occlusal surface 412". This restricts tooth movement in the horizontal and sagittal directions. At the same time, the first occlusal surface 312 can also restrict the vertical movement of the mandibular teeth, and the second occlusal surface 412 can also restrict the vertical movement of the maxillary teeth. That is, it also assists in restricting tooth movement in the vertical direction, further consolidating the positioning effect of the dental instrument 100 of this application on the maxilla and mandible during or after orthognathic surgery. In addition, through multiple points and opposing contact constraints, the force points can be dispersed, reducing excessive local pressure on the teeth caused by force on a single side and reducing the risk of damage to the tooth cavity in which the teeth are located.

[0043] In another embodiment, only the first limiting portion 31 may further include a first occlusal surface 312 that matches the occlusal surface contour of the first tooth 5, the first occlusal surface 312 and the occlusal surface contour of the first tooth 5 being concave-convex matched, while the second limiting portion 41 does not include a second occlusal surface 412 that matches the occlusal surface contour of the second tooth 6; in yet another embodiment, only the second limiting portion 41 may further include a second occlusal surface 412 that matches the occlusal surface contour of the second tooth 6 to restrict the movement of the first tooth 5 in the horizontal and sagittal directions, while the first limiting portion 31 does not include a first occlusal surface 312 that matches the occlusal surface contour of the first tooth 5.

[0044] To further explain, the first positioning part 3 and the second positioning part 4 are arranged adjacent to each other. This adjacent arrangement brings the force points of the two positioning parts closer together, creating a synergistic limiting effect, enhancing the overall constraint capability of the positioning device 2 on the maxilla and mandible, and reducing minor displacement caused by force dispersion. Additionally, the adjacent arrangement of the two positioning parts makes the dental instrument 100 more compact, further reducing the feeling of a foreign body in the mouth. In this embodiment, the first positioning part 3 covers teeth 2-4, with only the mesial portion covering tooth 4; the second positioning part 4 covers teeth 4-6, with only the distal portion covering tooth 6. Furthermore, although both the first positioning part 3 and the second positioning part 4 partially cover tooth 4, they are arranged adjacent to each other on tooth 4, with no overlapping portion, meaning they are completely offset upwards from the buccal-lingual direction.

[0045] For further explanation, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 As shown, the height h1 of the first positioning part 3 extending towards the opposing jaw satisfies the following condition: during occlusion, the first positioning part 3 covers a position on the first tooth 5 at a distance of 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 from the occlusal surface of the first tooth 5; the height h2 of the second positioning part 4 extending towards the opposing jaw satisfies the following condition: during occlusion, the second positioning part 4 covers a position on the second tooth 6 at a distance of 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 from the occlusal surface of the second tooth 6. By using a height range of 1 / 2 to 2 / 3, this application ensures sufficient contact area between the two positioning parts and the tooth lateral surface, ensuring a limiting effect; at the same time, it avoids excessive extension into the gingival region, reducing irritation to the gums, and does not affect normal occlusion, thus balancing the limiting function and wearing comfort.

[0046] Further reading is available here. Figure 2As shown, the buccal-lingual thickness D1 of the first positioning part 3 ranges from 1mm to 4mm; the buccal-lingual thickness D2 of the second positioning part 4 is also set within the range of 1mm to 4mm. When defining the relative position of the upper and lower jaws, as mentioned above, the first limiting surface of the first positioning part 3 abuts against the first tooth 5, and the second limiting surface of the second positioning part 4 abuts against the second tooth 6, respectively restricting the horizontal and sagittal movements of the first tooth 5 and the second tooth 6. Therefore, the first positioning part 3 and the second positioning part 4 need to possess sufficient mechanical strength to resist deformation. In the inventors' experiments, a thickness range of 1mm to 4mm ensures that the two positioning parts have sufficient structural strength to resist biting forces without deformation. Simultaneously, setting an upper limit thickness of 4mm avoids excessive thickening. An excessively thick positioning part may touch the tongue or buccal muscles during wear, causing discomfort. This thickness range can adapt to the limited space of the oral cavity, improving wearing comfort and practicality.

[0047] To further explain the protruding positions of the two positioning parts, the first positioning part 3 protrudes towards the opposing jaw from any position between the gingival line and the occlusal surface on the tooth receiving cavity side surface covered by the first positioning part 3; the second positioning part 4 protrudes towards the opposing jaw from any position between the gingival line and the occlusal surface on the tooth receiving cavity side surface covered by the second positioning part 4. In one embodiment, the first positioning part 3 protrudes towards the opposing jaw from the gingival line on the tooth receiving cavity side surface covered by the first positioning part 3; the second positioning part 4 may also protrude towards the opposing jaw from the gingival line on the tooth receiving cavity side surface covered by the second positioning part 4; in another embodiment, the first positioning part 3 protrudes towards the opposing jaw from the occlusal surface on the tooth receiving cavity side surface covered by the first positioning part 3; the second positioning part 4 protrudes towards the opposing jaw from the occlusal surface on the tooth receiving cavity side surface covered by the second positioning part 4 (e.g., Figure 3 (as shown); In another embodiment, the first positioning part 3 may also be formed by protruding towards the opposing jaw from any position on the tooth receiving cavity side surface covered by the first positioning part 3 from the gingival line to the occlusal surface (e.g. Figure 1(As shown); the second positioning part 4 can also be formed by protruding towards the opposing jaw from any position between the gingival line and the occlusal surface on the tooth receiving cavity side surface covered by the second positioning part 4; of course, it is understood that in the same dental instrument 100, the protrusion positions of the first positioning part 3 and the second positioning part 4 can be inconsistent, as long as they protrude towards the opposing jaw from any position between the gingival line and the occlusal surface on the tooth receiving cavity side surface covered by them. In this way, protruding from any position between the gingival line and the occlusal surface, the starting point of the two positioning parts can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual shape of the patient's teeth (such as length, gingival margin position), which improves the adaptability of the dental instrument 100 of this application to individual teeth.

[0048] More preferably, to enhance the connection stability between the two positioning parts or the shell-like body 1 and the teeth; please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 5As shown, this application may also provide a first attachment (not shown) on the side surface of the tooth corresponding to the first positioning part 3. The first attachment may be provided on the buccal surface or the lingual surface of the tooth corresponding to the first positioning part 3. At the same time, the side surface of the tooth receiving cavity where the first positioning part 3 is located protrudes outward at the position corresponding to the first attachment to form a first attachment receiving cavity 32 that matches the first attachment. The end of the first attachment away from the gingival side has a first bearing part (not shown), and the end of the first attachment receiving cavity 32 away from the gingival side has a first support part 321. When worn, the first support part 321 supports the first bearing part. Similarly, a second attachment (not shown) can also be provided on the side surface of the tooth corresponding to the second positioning part 4. The second attachment can be provided on the buccal surface or the lingual surface of the tooth corresponding to the second positioning part 4. The side surface of the tooth receiving cavity where the second positioning part 4 is located protrudes outward at the position of the second attachment to form a second attachment receiving cavity 42 that matches the second attachment. The end of the second attachment away from the gingival side has a second bearing part (not shown), and the end of the second attachment receiving cavity 42 away from the gingival side has a second support part 421. When worn, the second support part 421 is supported on the second bearing part. Of course, in another embodiment, a first attachment is provided only on the side surface of the tooth corresponding to the first positioning part 3. Correspondingly, the side surface of the tooth receiving cavity where the first positioning part 3 is located protrudes outward at the position corresponding to the first attachment to form a first attachment receiving cavity 32 that matches the first attachment. In yet another embodiment, a second attachment may also be provided only on the side surface of the tooth corresponding to the second positioning part 4. Correspondingly, the side surface of the tooth receiving cavity where the second positioning part 4 is located protrudes outward at the position corresponding to the second attachment to form a second attachment receiving cavity 42 that matches the second attachment. By providing attachments and attachment receiving cavities, the two cooperate to form a "mechanical locking" structure, which enhances the connection stability between the two positioning parts and the teeth. The fit and support of the two support parts and the two bearing parts further disperse the force on the two positioning parts, preventing the two positioning parts from deforming due to excessive local pressure, and significantly improving the positioning accuracy and the durability of the dental instrument 100.

[0049] In this embodiment, it is further explained that the angle α between the first positioning part 3 extending towards the opposing jaw and the long axis L1 of the tooth corresponding to the first positioning part 3 is in the range of 120°-150°; the angle β between the second positioning part 4 extending towards the opposing jaw and the long axis L2 of the tooth corresponding to the second positioning part 4 is in the range of 120°-150°. The long axis of the tooth is defined as an imaginary longitudinal axis passing through the center of the tooth body, extending through the center of the crown and root. In another embodiment, only the angle α between the first positioning part 3 and the long axis L1 of the tooth corresponding to the first positioning part 3 is set to 120°-150°; in yet another embodiment, only the angle β between the second positioning part 4 and the long axis L2 of the tooth corresponding to the second positioning part 4 may be set to 120°-150°. Thus, by setting the included angle of 120°-150°, the protrusion direction of the two positioning parts takes into account both the vertical and horizontal directions, and the limiting force can be evenly distributed in the horizontal and sagittal directions, which enhances the limiting effect in these two directions; at the same time, it avoids excessive concentration of force and reduces the risk of damage to the shell-shaped body 1.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] To achieve the purpose of this invention, this application also provides a dental instrument 100 for use during and after orthognathic surgery, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the positions of the first positioning part 3 and the second positioning part 4, which are completely offset upwards from the buccal to the lingual direction, are as follows: the first positioning part 3 is located on the lingual side of the shell-shaped body 1, and the second positioning part 4 is located on the labial and buccal side of the shell-shaped body 1; moreover, the second positioning part 4 is entirely located on the mesial side of the first positioning part 3. Specifically, in one embodiment, the second positioning part 4 covers teeth 2-4 in the mesiodistal direction, wherein only the mesial portion of tooth 4 is covered; the first positioning part 3 covers teeth 4-6 in the mesiodistal direction, wherein only the distal portion of tooth 6 is covered. Moreover, although both the first positioning part 3 and the second positioning part 4 partially cover tooth 4, they are adjacent to each other on tooth 4 without any overlap, that is, they are completely offset upwards from the buccal to the lingual direction.

[0052] The other technical solutions in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1. They can be used in conjunction with the technical solutions in this embodiment if they do not conflict with this embodiment. They will not be described again here.

[0053] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed to form different new implementation schemes without causing contradictions. All implementation schemes formed by such combinations are within the protection scope of this application. In order to save space in the application text, they will not be described in detail here.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive principle of this invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

[0055] Similarly, the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dental instrument for use during and after orthognathic surgery, comprising a shell-shaped body having a tooth-receiving cavity to accommodate multiple teeth of the patient, characterized in that, At least one set of positioning devices is provided on the left and right sides of the tooth midline of the shell-shaped body. The positioning device includes a first positioning part and a second positioning part that are completely misaligned in the buccal and lingual directions. The first positioning part is located on the lingual side of the shell-shaped body, and the second positioning part is located on the labial and buccal side of the shell-shaped body. The first positioning part is convex toward the opposing jaw and includes a first limiting part that restricts the horizontal and sagittal movement of the opposing first tooth corresponding to the position of the first positioning part. The first limiting part includes a first side surface that matches the lingual side profile of the first tooth. The second positioning part is convex toward the opposing jaw and includes a second limiting part that restricts the horizontal and sagittal movement of the opposing second tooth corresponding to the position of the second positioning part. The second limiting part includes a second side surface that matches the labial and buccal side profile of the second tooth. When worn, the first tooth abuts against the first lateral surface, and the second tooth abuts against the second lateral surface. Through the combined action of the first and second lateral surfaces, the patient's upper and lower jaws are positioned at the target location in the sagittal and horizontal directions.

2. The dental instrument for use during and after orthognathic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first limiting portion further includes a first occlusal surface that matches the occlusal surface contour of the first tooth to restrict the movement of the first tooth in the horizontal and sagittal directions; and / or, The second limiting portion further includes a second occlusal surface that matches the occlusal surface profile of the second tooth to restrict the movement of the first tooth in the horizontal and sagittal directions.

3. The dental instrument for use during and after orthognathic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first positioning part and the second positioning part are arranged adjacent to each other.

4. The dental instrument for use during and after orthognathic surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first positioning part and the second positioning part cover at least two teeth in a mesial-distal upward manner.

5. The dental instrument for use during and after orthognathic surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first positioning part covers teeth 2-4 in the mesiodistal direction, and the second positioning part covers teeth 4-6 in the mesiodistal direction; or, the second positioning part covers teeth 2-4 in the mesiodistal direction, and the first positioning part covers teeth 4-6 in the mesiodistal direction.

6. The dental instrument for use during and after orthognathic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the first positioning part protruding toward the opposing jaw satisfies the following condition: during occlusion, the first positioning part covers the first tooth at a position 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the distance from the occlusal surface of the first tooth. The height of the second positioning part protruding towards the opposing jaw satisfies the following condition: during occlusion, the second positioning part covers the second tooth at a position 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the distance from the occlusal surface of the second tooth.

7. The dental instrument for use during and after orthognathic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cheek and tongue thickness of the first positioning part and the second positioning part ranges from 1mm to 4mm.

8. The dental instrument for use during and after orthognathic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first positioning portion is formed by extending toward the opposing jaw from any position between the gingival line and the occlusal surface on the tooth receiving cavity side surface covered by the first positioning portion, and / or the second positioning portion is formed by extending toward the opposing jaw from any position between the gingival line and the occlusal surface on the tooth receiving cavity side surface covered by the second positioning portion.

9. The dental instrument for use during and after orthognathic surgery according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the first positioning part is formed by protruding from any position between the gingival line and the occlusal surface of the tooth receiving cavity covered by the first positioning part toward the opposing jaw, the side surface of the tooth corresponding to the first positioning part is provided with a first attachment. The side surface of the tooth receiving cavity where the first positioning part is located protrudes outward at the position corresponding to the first attachment to form a first attachment receiving cavity that matches the first attachment. The end of the first attachment away from the gingival side forms a first bearing part, and the end of the first attachment receiving cavity away from the gingival side forms a first support part. When worn, the first support part is supported on the first bearing part. And / or, when the second positioning part is formed by protruding from the side surface of the tooth receiving cavity covered by the second positioning part at any position between the gingival line and the occlusal surface toward the opposing jaw, the side surface of the tooth corresponding to the second positioning part is provided with a second attachment, and the side surface of the tooth receiving cavity where the second positioning part is located protrudes outward at the position corresponding to the second attachment to form a second attachment receiving cavity that matches the second attachment, the end of the second attachment away from the gingival side forms a second bearing part, and the end of the second attachment receiving cavity away from the gingival side forms a second support part. When worn, the second support part is supported on the second bearing part.

10. The dental instrument for use during and after orthognathic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first positioning part is set at an angle of 120°-150° with the long axis of the tooth corresponding to the first positioning part; and / or, the second positioning part is set at an angle of 120°-150° with the long axis of the tooth corresponding to the second positioning part.

Images