Energy storage cabinet fire extinguishing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of energy storage cabinet fire-fighting devices, including control module, fire extinguishing module and nitrogen circulation module;Control module includes liquid nitrogen controller and detector, detector includes in-bag detector and cabinet detector, multiple in-bag detectors are respectively arranged in multiple battery packs, cabinet detector is arranged in energy storage cabinet, detector is used to detect temperature, CO concentration, smoke concentration and flammable gas concentration;Detector is connected with liquid nitrogen controller;Fire extinguishing module includes liquid nitrogen storage conversion tank and injection assembly, liquid nitrogen storage conversion tank connects injection assembly, injection assembly includes in-bag liquid nitrogen nozzle and cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzle, in-bag liquid nitrogen nozzle is respectively arranged in battery pack, cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzle is arranged in energy storage cabinet, in-bag detector is connected and controls in-bag liquid nitrogen nozzle in corresponding battery pack, cabinet detector is connected and controls cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzle;Liquid nitrogen controller controls injection assembly work according to the parameter information collected by detector.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage cabinet technology, and in particular to a fire-fighting device for energy storage cabinets. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, lithium battery energy storage systems are widely used in new energy power plants due to their advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency and low loss, serving as a supporting system for peak shaving and valley filling, and mitigating fluctuations in power generation from wind power, photovoltaics, and other new energy sources. However, lithium battery energy storage systems are prone to thermal runaway in a short period of time when subjected to strong external forces such as impact or puncture, or when battery short circuits or overcharging occur, which can lead to fires or even explosions.

[0003] Lithium battery fires are characterized by high combustion temperatures, rapid spread, and a high risk of reignition, making them difficult to extinguish effectively with traditional fire extinguishing agents. In particular, energy storage systems are typically located in enclosed spaces; if a single battery experiences thermal runaway, it can trigger a chain reaction, paralyzing the entire energy storage system and causing significant economic losses.

[0004] Currently, fire suppression technologies for lithium battery energy storage systems mainly include:

[0005] • Foam fire extinguishing system: It isolates oxygen by covering the fire with foam, but it has problems such as poor foam stability, susceptibility to high temperature damage, and difficulty in subsequent cleanup.

[0006] • Perfluorohexanone and other chemical fire extinguishing agents: Although they have a certain fire extinguishing effect, they are expensive and may be environmentally unfriendly;

[0007] • Water spray system: It can cool down by absorbing heat through water evaporation, but it uses a lot of water and may cause battery short circuits, leading to secondary disasters;

[0008] • Conventional gas fire extinguishing systems (such as CO2, IG541): mainly extinguish fires through asphyxiation, but have limited cooling effect on high-temperature thermal runaway of lithium batteries.

[0009] The aforementioned traditional fire extinguishing modules are inefficient in dealing with lithium battery fires and are unable to effectively suppress reignition. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a fire extinguishing device for energy storage cabinets that is non-toxic and harmless, and can both rapidly absorb large amounts of heat and quickly reduce oxygen concentration, achieving dual fire extinguishing. Utility Model Content

[0010] This utility model addresses the problems and shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a novel fire-fighting device for energy storage cabinets.

[0011] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0012] This utility model provides a fire-fighting device for an energy storage cabinet, which is equipped with multiple battery packs, including a control module, a fire extinguishing module and a nitrogen circulation module installed in the energy storage cabinet.

[0013] The control module includes a liquid nitrogen controller and detectors. The detectors include multiple in-pack detectors and one in-cabinet detector. The multiple in-pack detectors are respectively installed in multiple battery packs, and the in-cabinet detector is installed in the energy storage cabinet. The detectors are used to detect the temperature, CO concentration, smoke concentration, and combustible gas concentration of the space in which they are located. All detectors are connected to the liquid nitrogen controller to upload the collected parameter information of temperature, CO concentration, smoke concentration, and combustible gas concentration.

[0014] The fire extinguishing module includes a liquid nitrogen storage and conversion tank and a spraying assembly. The liquid nitrogen storage and conversion tank is connected to the spraying assembly through an output pipeline. The spraying assembly includes multiple in-pack liquid nitrogen nozzles and one in-cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzle. The in-pack liquid nitrogen nozzles are respectively installed in the battery packs, and the in-cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzles are installed in the energy storage cabinet. The in-pack detector is connected to and controls the in-pack liquid nitrogen nozzles in the corresponding battery packs, and the in-cabinet detector is connected to and controls the in-cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzles in the energy storage cabinet.

[0015] The nitrogen circulation module includes nitrogen circulation connectors disposed in multiple battery packs. The nitrogen circulation connectors are connected to the liquid nitrogen storage and conversion tank through circulation pipelines. The liquid nitrogen storage and conversion tank, the output pipeline, the liquid nitrogen nozzle in the pack, the battery pack, the nitrogen circulation connectors, and the circulation pipelines constitute a nitrogen circulation loop.

[0016] The liquid nitrogen controller communicates with the detector via a CAN bus or RS485 bus, and the liquid nitrogen controller also communicates with the fire control center.

[0017] The liquid nitrogen controller controls the operation of the injection assembly based on the parameter information collected by the detector.

[0018] Preferably, the liquid nitrogen storage and conversion tank includes a liquid nitrogen storage tank and a nitrogen gas storage tank, which are connected together. The liquid nitrogen stored in the liquid nitrogen storage tank and the nitrogen gas stored in the nitrogen gas storage tank can be converted into each other. Both the liquid nitrogen storage tank and the nitrogen gas storage tank are connected to the output pipeline. The circulation pipeline is connected to the nitrogen gas storage tank. The nitrogen gas storage tank, the output pipeline, the liquid nitrogen nozzle inside the pack, the battery pack, the nitrogen gas circulation connector, and the circulation pipeline form a nitrogen gas circulation loop.

[0019] Preferably, the liquid nitrogen nozzle inside the pack is located on one side of the battery pack, the nitrogen circulation connector is located on the other side of the battery pack, and the detector inside the pack is installed on the front panel of the battery pack.

[0020] Preferably, the detector inside the cabinet is located at the top of the energy storage cabinet, and the liquid nitrogen nozzle inside the cabinet is located in the upper part of the energy storage cabinet and above the battery pack.

[0021] Preferably, it also includes an audible and visual alarm, and the liquid nitrogen controller is connected to and controls the audible and visual alarm.

[0022] Preferably, when the liquid nitrogen storage tank of the liquid nitrogen storage conversion tank is injected with nitrogen by the injection component and the pressure inside the nitrogen storage tank is lower than a set value, the stored liquid nitrogen is transported to the nitrogen storage tank and converted into nitrogen; when the liquid nitrogen storage tank is injected with liquid nitrogen by the injection component and the pressure inside the liquid nitrogen storage tank is lower than a set value, the stored nitrogen is transported to the liquid nitrogen storage tank and converted into liquid nitrogen.

[0023] The positive and progressive effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0024] The energy storage cabinet fire-fighting device provided by this utility model features multi-level early warning and precise fire suppression. It uses a multi-sensor fusion detector to collect various data to achieve early fire warning, and through a zone-controlled spray component, it achieves precise cooling and inerting of suspected battery packs to suppress combustion, avoiding the resource waste caused by "total flooding" fire suppression. It uses liquid nitrogen spraying to extinguish the fire, utilizing the extremely low temperature characteristics of liquid nitrogen to quickly absorb the heat from the battery. At the same time, after vaporization, it forms a nitrogen inerting environment, isolating oxygen and achieving a dual fire suppression effect of cooling and suffocation. It integrates the entire process of fire prevention and control functions of "monitoring, early warning, intervention, alarm, explosion suppression, and fire suppression" into one, achieving fully automated operation and greatly improving the reliability of the system. It is also environmentally friendly and economical, as liquid nitrogen is taken from the air, has a wide range of sources, leaves no residue after fire suppression, and is environmentally friendly.

[0025] Furthermore, a liquid nitrogen storage conversion tank is adopted, in which nitrogen gas and liquid nitrogen can be interconverted. The nitrogen storage tank can be used to cool the battery cluster during normal operation, while it is converted to liquid nitrogen for fire extinguishing, thereby improving system efficiency and resource utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fire-fighting device for the energy storage cabinet according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is an electrical schematic diagram of the fire-fighting device for the energy storage cabinet according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0028] In the picture:

[0029] 100 - Energy storage cabinet; 110 - Battery pack;

[0030] 1-Liquid nitrogen controller; 2-Detector; 21-In-bag detector; 22-In-cabinet detector; 3-Liquid nitrogen storage and conversion tank; 31-Output pipeline; 32-Circulation pipeline; 4-Injection assembly; 41-In-bag liquid nitrogen nozzle; 42-In-cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzle; 5-Nitrogen circulation connector; 6-Audible and visual alarm. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a fire-fighting device for an energy storage cabinet. The energy storage cabinet 100 is equipped with multiple battery packs 110, including a control module, a fire extinguishing module and a nitrogen circulation module installed in the energy storage cabinet 100.

[0033] The control module includes a liquid nitrogen controller 1 and a detector 2. The detector 2 includes multiple in-pack detectors 21 and one in-cabinet detector 22. The multiple in-pack detectors 21 are respectively installed in multiple battery packs 110, and the in-cabinet detector 22 is installed in the energy storage cabinet 100. The detector 2 is used to detect the temperature, CO concentration, smoke concentration and combustible gas concentration of the space it is in. The detector 2 is connected to the liquid nitrogen controller 1 to upload the collected parameter information of temperature, CO concentration, smoke concentration and combustible gas concentration.

[0034] The fire extinguishing module includes a liquid nitrogen storage and conversion tank 3 and a spraying assembly 4. The liquid nitrogen storage and conversion tank 3 is connected to the spraying assembly 4 through an output pipeline 31. The spraying assembly 4 includes multiple in-pack liquid nitrogen nozzles 41 and one in-cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzle 42. The in-pack liquid nitrogen nozzles 41 are respectively installed in the battery pack 110, and the in-cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzles 42 are installed in the energy storage cabinet 100.

[0035] The in-pack detector 21 is connected to and controls the in-pack liquid nitrogen nozzle 41 in the corresponding battery pack 110, and the cabinet detector 22 is connected to and controls the cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzle 42 in the energy storage cabinet 100.

[0036] The liquid nitrogen storage and conversion tank 3 includes a liquid nitrogen storage tank (not shown) and a nitrogen storage tank (not shown). The liquid nitrogen storage tank and the nitrogen storage tank are connected, and the liquid nitrogen stored in the liquid nitrogen storage tank and the nitrogen stored in the nitrogen storage tank can be converted into each other. Both the liquid nitrogen storage tank and the nitrogen storage tank are connected to the output pipeline 31.

[0037] The nitrogen circulation module includes nitrogen circulation connectors 5 installed in multiple battery packs 110. The nitrogen circulation connectors 5 are connected to nitrogen storage tanks through circulation pipelines 32. The nitrogen storage tanks, output pipelines 31, liquid nitrogen nozzles 41 inside the packs, battery packs 110, nitrogen circulation connectors 5 and circulation pipelines 32 form a nitrogen circulation loop; realizing the recycling of nitrogen and achieving the dual functions of heat dissipation during normal operation of the battery packs 110 and the creation of an inert environment in case of fire.

[0038] The liquid nitrogen controller 1 controls the operation of the injection assembly 4 based on the parameter information collected by the detector 2.

[0039] Specifically, control valves can be installed at the outlet ends of both the liquid nitrogen storage tank (not shown) and the nitrogen storage tank (not shown) to control the delivery of liquid nitrogen or nitrogen gas by controlling the opening and closing of the control valves.

[0040] Specifically, the liquid nitrogen storage tank is connected to an external nitrogen generation device; the liquid nitrogen storage tank adopts a self-pressurizing design, which can achieve rapid liquid nitrogen transportation without external power.

[0041] In some embodiments, an in-pack liquid nitrogen nozzle 41 is disposed on one side inside the battery pack 110, a nitrogen circulation connector 5 is disposed on the other side inside the battery pack 110, and an in-pack detector 21 is mounted on the front panel of the battery pack 110.

[0042] In some embodiments, the detector 22 inside the cabinet is located at the top inside the energy storage cabinet 100, and the liquid nitrogen nozzle 42 inside the cabinet is located at the upper part inside the energy storage cabinet 100 and above the battery pack 110.

[0043] In some embodiments, an audible and visual alarm 6 is also included, and the liquid nitrogen controller 1 is connected to and controls the audible and visual alarm 6.

[0044] In some embodiments, the liquid nitrogen controller 1 and the detector 2 are connected and communicate via a CAN bus or an RS485 bus, and the liquid nitrogen controller 1 is connected and communicates with the fire control center.

[0045] Specifically, the liquid nitrogen controller 1 is connected to the fire control center to enable real-time data uploading and remote control, and to achieve remote monitoring and emergency response.

[0046] The control method of the energy storage cabinet fire protection device of this utility model includes the following steps:

[0047] S1: Liquid nitrogen controller 1 acquires parameter information such as temperature, CO concentration, smoke concentration and combustible gas concentration collected by detector 2;

[0048] S2: When the values ​​of all parameters collected by all detectors 2 are lower than the first warning value, the energy storage cabinet 100 is in normal working condition, and the in-pack detector 21 controls the in-pack liquid nitrogen nozzle 41 in the corresponding battery pack 110 to spray nitrogen into the battery pack 110 at the first frequency to assist in heat dissipation.

[0049] S3: When the value of any parameter collected by any detector 2 is higher than the first warning value and lower than the second warning value, the liquid nitrogen controller 1 activates the audible and visual alarm 6 and issues a first-level warning signal; if the detector 2 is the in-pack detector 21, the in-pack detector 21 controls the in-pack liquid nitrogen nozzle 41 in the corresponding battery pack 110 to spray nitrogen into the battery pack 110 at the second frequency; if the detector 2 is the cabinet detector 22, it controls the in-cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzle 42 to spray nitrogen into the cabinet at the second frequency; creating an inert environment to delay the thermal runaway development of the battery pack 110;

[0050] S4: When the value of any parameter collected by any detector 2 is higher than the second warning value and lower than the third warning value, the liquid nitrogen controller 1 activates the audible and visual alarm 6 and issues a secondary warning signal; if the detector 2 is the in-pack detector 21, the in-pack detector 21 controls the in-pack liquid nitrogen nozzle 41 in the corresponding battery pack 110 to spray nitrogen into the battery pack 110 at the third frequency; if the detector 2 is the cabinet detector 22, it controls the in-cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzle 22 to spray nitrogen into the cabinet at the third frequency; further inerting the environment;

[0051] S5: When the value of any parameter collected by any detector 2 is higher than the third warning value, the liquid nitrogen controller 1 activates the audible and visual alarm 6 and issues a level 3 warning signal; if the detector 2 is the in-pack detector 21, the in-pack detector 21 controls the in-pack liquid nitrogen nozzle 41 in the corresponding battery pack 110 to spray liquid nitrogen into the battery pack 110 at the fourth frequency; if the detector 2 is the cabinet detector 22, the cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzle 42 is controlled to continuously spray liquid nitrogen into the cabinet; to extinguish the fire until the values ​​of all parameters collected by the detector 2 are lower than the third warning value.

[0052] In some embodiments, after the liquid nitrogen controller 1 issues a level-three warning signal and the spraying assembly 4 sprays liquid nitrogen, if the values ​​of all parameters collected by the detector 2 are lower than the third warning value, the following steps are further included: if the detector 2 is an in-pack detector 21, the in-pack detector 21 controls the in-pack liquid nitrogen nozzle 41 in the corresponding battery pack 110 to spray liquid nitrogen into the battery pack 110 at a fifth frequency for a set time; if the detector 2 is an in-cabinet detector 22, it controls the in-cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzle 42 to spray liquid nitrogen into the cabinet at a fifth frequency for a set time. Liquid nitrogen is sprayed after fire extinguishing to prevent reignition.

[0053] In some embodiments, the first warning value, the second warning value, and the third warning value increase sequentially, the first frequency, the second frequency, and the third frequency increase sequentially, and the fourth frequency is greater than the fifth frequency.

[0054] Specifically, the first warning value, the second warning value, and the third warning value do not refer to a single specific value, but rather to a set of set values ​​for parameters corresponding to temperature, CO concentration, smoke concentration, and combustible gas concentration.

[0055] Specifically, the first, second, and third frequencies increase sequentially, causing nitrogen in the space environment to further inertize the environment.

[0056] In some embodiments, when the liquid nitrogen storage tank of the liquid nitrogen storage conversion tank 3 is injected with nitrogen by the injection component 4 and the pressure inside the nitrogen storage tank is lower than a set value, the stored liquid nitrogen is transported to the nitrogen storage tank and converted into nitrogen; when the liquid nitrogen storage tank is injected with liquid nitrogen by the injection component 4 and the pressure inside the liquid nitrogen storage tank is lower than a set value, the stored nitrogen is transported to the liquid nitrogen storage tank and converted into liquid nitrogen.

[0057] The energy storage cabinet fire-fighting device provided by this utility model achieves monitoring and early warning: Multiple detectors 2 monitor the environmental parameters inside the battery cabinet 100 in real time; when any parameter exceeds the threshold, the system enters an early warning state. Initial intervention: During the early warning stage, nitrogen is injected into the cabinet to reduce the oxygen concentration and delay the development of battery thermal runaway. Fire confirmation and suppression: When a fire is confirmed, the liquid nitrogen extinguishing module is immediately activated, and the spray assembly 4 precisely sprays the fire source to achieve rapid cooling and extinguishing. Prevention of reignition: After extinguishing the fire, the spray assembly 4 maintains a small flow of liquid nitrogen to maintain a low-temperature inert environment and prevent battery reignition. Automatic reset: After the fire is completely extinguished, it automatically switches to normal monitoring status.

[0058] In summary, the energy storage cabinet fire-fighting device provided by this utility model features multi-level early warning and precise fire suppression. It employs a multi-sensor fusion detector 2 to collect various data for early fire warning, and a zone-controlled spray assembly 4 to precisely cool and inertize suspected battery packs 110, suppressing combustion and avoiding resource waste caused by "total flooding" fire suppression. It uses liquid nitrogen spraying for fire suppression, utilizing the extremely low temperature characteristics of liquid nitrogen to quickly absorb battery heat, while simultaneously vaporizing to form a nitrogen inert environment that isolates oxygen, achieving a dual fire suppression effect of cooling and suffocation. It integrates the entire fire prevention and control process of "monitoring, early warning, intervention, alarm, explosion suppression, and fire suppression" into one unit, achieving fully automated operation and greatly improving system reliability. Furthermore, it is environmentally friendly and economical, as liquid nitrogen is derived from the air, has a wide range of sources, leaves no residue after fire suppression, and is environmentally friendly.

[0059] Furthermore, a liquid nitrogen storage conversion tank 3 is adopted, in which nitrogen gas and liquid nitrogen can be interconverted. The nitrogen gas storage tank can be used to cool the battery cluster during normal operation, while it is converted to liquid nitrogen for fire extinguishing, thereby improving system efficiency and resource utilization.

[0060] While specific embodiments of this utility model have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of this utility model, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fire-fighting device for an energy storage cabinet, wherein the energy storage cabinet is equipped with multiple battery packs, characterized in that, This includes a control module, a fire suppression module, and a nitrogen circulation module installed in the energy storage cabinet; The control module includes a liquid nitrogen controller and detectors. The detectors include multiple in-pack detectors and one in-cabinet detector. The multiple in-pack detectors are respectively installed in multiple battery packs, and the in-cabinet detector is installed in the energy storage cabinet. The detectors are used to detect the temperature, CO concentration, smoke concentration, and combustible gas concentration of the space in which they are located. All detectors are connected to the liquid nitrogen controller to upload the collected parameter information of temperature, CO concentration, smoke concentration, and combustible gas concentration. The fire extinguishing module includes a liquid nitrogen storage and conversion tank and a spraying assembly. The liquid nitrogen storage and conversion tank is connected to the spraying assembly through an output pipeline. The spraying assembly includes multiple in-pack liquid nitrogen nozzles and one in-cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzle. The in-pack liquid nitrogen nozzles are respectively installed in the battery packs, and the in-cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzles are installed in the energy storage cabinet. The in-pack detector is connected to and controls the in-pack liquid nitrogen nozzles in the corresponding battery packs, and the in-cabinet detector is connected to and controls the in-cabinet liquid nitrogen nozzles in the energy storage cabinet. The nitrogen circulation module includes a nitrogen circulation connector disposed in multiple battery packs. The nitrogen circulation connector is connected to the liquid nitrogen storage and conversion tank through a circulation pipeline. The liquid nitrogen storage and conversion tank, the output pipeline, the liquid nitrogen nozzle in the pack, the battery pack, the nitrogen circulation connector and the circulation pipeline constitute a nitrogen circulation loop. The liquid nitrogen controller communicates with the detector via a CAN bus or RS485 bus, and the liquid nitrogen controller also communicates with the fire control center. The liquid nitrogen controller controls the operation of the injection assembly based on the parameter information collected by the detector.

2. The energy storage cabinet fire-fighting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid nitrogen storage and conversion tank includes a liquid nitrogen storage tank and a nitrogen gas storage tank, which are connected together. The liquid nitrogen stored in the liquid nitrogen storage tank and the nitrogen gas stored in the nitrogen gas storage tank can be converted into each other. Both the liquid nitrogen storage tank and the nitrogen gas storage tank are connected to the output pipeline. The circulation pipeline is connected to the nitrogen storage tank. The nitrogen storage tank, the output pipeline, the liquid nitrogen nozzle inside the pack, the battery pack, the nitrogen circulation connector, and the circulation pipeline constitute a nitrogen circulation loop.

3. The energy storage cabinet fire-fighting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid nitrogen nozzle inside the pack is located on one side of the battery pack, the nitrogen circulation connector is located on the other side of the battery pack, and the detector inside the pack is installed on the front panel of the battery pack.

4. The energy storage cabinet fire-fighting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The detector inside the cabinet is located at the top of the energy storage cabinet, and the liquid nitrogen nozzle inside the cabinet is located in the upper part of the energy storage cabinet and above the battery pack.

5. The energy storage cabinet fire-fighting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an audible and visual alarm, which is connected to and controlled by the liquid nitrogen controller.

6. The energy storage cabinet fire-fighting device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the liquid nitrogen storage and conversion tank is injected with nitrogen by the injection component, and the pressure inside the nitrogen storage tank is lower than the set value, the stored liquid nitrogen is transferred to the nitrogen storage tank and converted into nitrogen gas; when the liquid nitrogen storage tank is injected with liquid nitrogen by the injection component, and the pressure inside the liquid nitrogen storage tank is lower than the set value, the stored nitrogen gas is transferred to the liquid nitrogen storage tank and converted into liquid nitrogen.

Images