Cracking furnace ignition device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of cracking furnace ignition device, it is related to acetylene carbon black production technical field, by being provided with heat transfer sleeve in heat preservation shell, by heating component, heat transfer sleeve is heated, heat transfer sleeve passes on heat to the acetylene gas flowing in passage, by the mode of indirect heat transfer, the ignition of acetylene gas and sustained cracking are realized, effectively avoid combustible gas and oxygen simultaneously enter into closed space, alleviate the technical problem of existing technology, acetylene and air ratio imbalance easily, influence ignition cracking, and there is security risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of acetylene black production technology, and in particular to an ignition device for a pyrolysis furnace for producing acetylene black. Background Technology

[0002] Acetylene black, an important industrial material, is widely used in industries such as rubber, plastics, and coatings. Its production process primarily relies on the thermal decomposition of acetylene gas in a pyrolysis furnace. This process typically consists of two key stages: ignition and continuous anaerobic thermal decomposition. The ignition stage (also known as the furnace drying process) involves controlling the mixing ratio of acetylene gas and air, using a flame or electric spark to ignite the gas mixture, resulting in incomplete combustion and releasing a large amount of heat. During this process, the graphite refractory material within the pyrolysis furnace absorbs and stores heat. Once the preset temperature is reached, the air supply is shut off, and the high-temperature environment required for subsequent thermal decomposition is maintained by the exothermic reaction of acetylene and the heat storage in the graphite layer.

[0003] In existing technologies, the acetylene-to-air ratio control during the ignition stage mainly relies on real-time monitoring of valve opening and flow meter readings. However, in actual production processes, abnormal valve opening or inaccurate flow meter readings can lead to an imbalance in the gas mixture ratio. When there is an excess of acetylene, the ignition time is prolonged or even fails, and the incompletely burned acetylene gas may enter subsequent processing equipment, forming an explosive gas mixture. Conversely, if there is an excess of air, it will cause the graphite refractory material to overheat and erode, thereby damaging the refractory layer and leading to serious safety accidents such as black smoke or gas leaks. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ignition device for a pyrolysis furnace to alleviate the technical problem in the prior art where the acetylene-air ratio is easily imbalanced, affecting the ignition pyrolysis production of acetylene carbon black and posing safety hazards.

[0005] The pyrolysis furnace ignition device provided by this utility model includes: a heat insulation shell, a heat transfer sleeve, and a heating component; The heat transfer sleeve is disposed inside the insulation shell, and a channel for the flow of acetylene gas is formed inside the heat transfer sleeve. The heating element is connected to the insulation shell. The heating element is used to heat the heat transfer sleeve to ignite the acetylene gas in the channel through the heat transfer sleeve and to continuously decompose the acetylene gas.

[0006] In an optional implementation, There is a gap between the heat transfer sleeve and the side wall of the insulation shell to form a heating space, which is used to allow the heating component to fully heat the heat transfer sleeve.

[0007] In an optional implementation, The pyrolysis furnace ignition device also includes an exhaust pipe; The exhaust pipe is connected to the insulation shell and is used to discharge the gas in the heating space.

[0008] In an optional implementation, An exhaust control valve is installed on the exhaust pipe.

[0009] In an optional implementation, The pyrolysis furnace ignition device also includes a temperature measuring component; The side wall of the heat insulation shell is provided with a temperature measuring port, and the temperature measuring component is disposed at the temperature measuring port. The temperature measuring component is used to measure the temperature of the heat transfer sleeve.

[0010] In an optional implementation, The temperature measuring component is set as an infrared thermometer.

[0011] In an optional implementation, The top of the thermal insulation shell is provided with an air inlet, which is connected to the channel and is used to allow acetylene gas to enter the channel.

[0012] In an optional implementation, The heat transfer sleeve is made of graphite.

[0013] In an optional implementation, The pyrolysis furnace ignition device also includes a cooling and collection component; The cooling collection component is connected to the end of the channel, and the cooling collection component is used to cool the products after pyrolysis.

[0014] In an optional implementation, The top of the cooling collection component is connected to the insulation shell, and the top opening of the cooling collection component is connected to the channel.

[0015] The pyrolysis furnace ignition device provided by this utility model has a heat transfer sleeve installed inside the insulation shell. The heat transfer sleeve is heated by a heating component, and the heat transfer sleeve transfers heat to the acetylene gas flowing in the channel. The acetylene gas is ignited and continuously pyrolyzed through indirect heat transfer. This effectively avoids the simultaneous entry of combustible gas and oxygen into the confined space, and alleviates the technical problem in the prior art where the acetylene-air ratio is easily imbalanced, affecting ignition and pyrolysis, and posing safety hazards. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pyrolysis furnace ignition device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Icons: 100-Insulation shell; 110-Heating space; 120-Temperature measuring port; 130-Air inlet; 200-Heat transfer sleeve; 300-Heating component; 310-Burner; 320-First air inlet pipe; 330-Second air inlet pipe; 400-Exhaust pipe; 410-Exhaust control valve; 500-Temperature measuring component; 600-Cooling collection component. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0023] In the production of acetylene black, ignition and continuous thermal pyrolysis are two critical stages. Traditional ignition methods rely on directly mixing acetylene gas with a portion of air and then igniting it. Incomplete combustion releases heat, raising the temperature of the graphite refractory layer in the pyrolysis furnace to the required reaction temperature. However, this method has significant safety hazards: if the acetylene-to-air ratio becomes uncontrolled, whether due to excess acetylene or excess air, it can lead to ignition failure, equipment damage, or even serious accidents such as explosions or gas leaks.

[0024] In addition, since the core temperature of acetylene combustion is as high as 2500-2800℃, conventional contact temperature measurement methods are difficult to achieve continuous monitoring. Existing systems mostly rely on indirect temperature measurement in the low-temperature zone at the bottom of the furnace, resulting in a 30 to 60-second delay in flameout judgment, which cannot meet the safety requirements for rapid response.

[0025] To solve the above problems, such as Figure 1 As shown, the pyrolysis furnace ignition device provided in this embodiment includes: a heat insulation shell 100, a heat transfer sleeve 200, and a heating component 300; the heat transfer sleeve 200 is disposed in the inner cavity of the heat insulation shell 100, and a channel for acetylene gas to flow is formed inside the heat transfer sleeve 200, and the heat transfer sleeve 200 is specifically made of graphite material.

[0026] The heating element 300 is connected to the insulation shell 100 and is used to heat the heat transfer sleeve 200 so that the heat transfer sleeve 200 reaches a high temperature sufficient to trigger the cracking of acetylene gas. By using an indirect heat transfer method from the outside to the inside, the risk of directly introducing oxygen and acetylene into the confined space for combustion is avoided, and the safety hazards caused by abnormal gas matching are fundamentally eliminated.

[0027] The pyrolysis furnace ignition device provided in this embodiment uses a heat transfer sleeve installed inside the insulation shell. The heat transfer sleeve is heated by a heating component, and the heat transfer sleeve transfers heat to the acetylene gas flowing in the channel. The acetylene gas is ignited through indirect heat transfer, which effectively avoids the simultaneous entry of combustible gas and oxygen into the confined space. This alleviates the technical problem in the prior art where the acetylene-air ratio is easily imbalanced, affecting ignition and pyrolysis, and posing safety hazards.

[0028] Based on the above embodiments, a certain gap is reserved between the heat transfer sleeve 200 and the side wall of the insulation shell 100 in the pyrolysis furnace ignition device provided in this embodiment to form an independent heating space 110, ensuring that the heat generated by the heating component 300 can be fully transferred to the surface of the heat transfer sleeve 200, thereby improving heating efficiency and uniformity.

[0029] Specifically, a through hole is made on the side wall of the insulation shell 100, and the heating component 300 extends into the heating space through the through hole, thereby heating the heat transfer sleeve 200 using the heating component 300.

[0030] The heating element 300 can use a variety of energy forms, such as natural gas mixed with air combustion, natural gas mixed with oxygen combustion, or other combustible gas combustion. Electric heating can also be selected. It can be flexibly configured according to site conditions to adapt to the start-up and operation requirements under different working conditions.

[0031] In this embodiment, the heating component 300 includes a burner 310, a first air inlet pipe 320, and a second air inlet pipe 330. The burner 310's outlet extends into the heating space through a through hole. Both the first air inlet pipe 320 and the second air inlet pipe 330 are connected to the burner 310. The first air inlet pipe 320 is used to deliver air to the burner 310, and the second air inlet pipe 330 is used to deliver natural gas to the burner 310, so that the natural gas and air are mixed and fully combusted in the burner 310 to heat the heat transfer sleeve 200.

[0032] To ensure safety during the heating process, the device is equipped with an exhaust pipe 400, which is connected to the insulation shell 100 to promptly discharge waste gas generated within the heating space 110. An exhaust control valve 410 is installed on the exhaust pipe 400, which can be adjusted in opening and closing according to the heating progress and safety requirements to prevent gas accumulation and reduce potential combustion and explosion risks.

[0033] A temperature measuring port 120 is provided on the side wall of the heat insulation shell 100, and a temperature measuring component 500 is installed at the temperature measuring port 120 to monitor the temperature change of the heat transfer sleeve 200 in real time.

[0034] Preferably, the temperature measuring component 500 is an infrared thermometer, which utilizes the strong infrared radiation characteristics of graphite material at high temperatures to achieve non-contact and accurate temperature measurement. Since graphite is an excellent infrared emitter, the infrared thermometer can quickly capture changes in its surface temperature, thereby accurately determining whether the furnace drying process is complete and whether the pyrolysis process is operating stably.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, an air inlet 130 is provided at the top of the insulation shell 100. Acetylene gas enters the channel inside the heat transfer sleeve 200 through the air inlet 130 at the top of the insulation shell 100, and undergoes a thermal decomposition reaction inside the high-temperature heat transfer sleeve 200 to generate carbon black.

[0036] The heat transfer sleeve 200 is preferably made of high-purity graphite material, which has excellent thermal conductivity and high-temperature stability. It can maintain structural integrity and heat transfer efficiency under long-term high-temperature conditions, and has a better heat conduction effect.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, the pyrolysis furnace ignition device further includes a cooling collection component 600, which is specifically configured as a water-cooled jacket. The cooling collection component 600 is connected to the end of the channel and is used to receive the pyrolysis products, namely hydrogen and carbon black, and to cool the hydrogen and carbon black.

[0038] The top opening of the cooling collection component 600 is connected to the heat transfer sleeve 200 channel and is fixedly connected to the insulation shell 100 to ensure the sealing of the entire system and the continuity of the process.

[0039] The working process of this device is as follows: First, a graphite heat transfer sleeve 200 is placed inside the insulation shell 100. The external heating element 300 is then activated to heat the sleeve 200, with heat conducted from the outside in, gradually increasing the sleeve temperature. During this process, an infrared thermometer continuously monitors the sleeve surface temperature. When the temperature reaches a set threshold and remains stable, it indicates that the conditions for pyrolysis have been met. Then, acetylene gas is introduced. As the gas flows through the internal channels of the high-temperature heat transfer sleeve 200, it is rapidly heated to the pyrolysis temperature. After the acetylene gas undergoes thermal pyrolysis and is maintained for a certain period, the heating element 300 is turned off. The acetylene gas then undergoes a continuous exothermic pyrolysis reaction to produce carbon black. The entire process eliminates the need for air to participate in initial ignition, preventing the possibility of oxygen entering the main reaction zone and reducing safety risks.

[0040] Compared with traditional processes, the pyrolysis furnace ignition device provided by this utility model has the following advantages: 1. The heat transfer direction has been changed from "from inside to outside" to "from outside to inside", which improves the controllability and safety of heating.

[0041] 2. Oxygen must be prevented from being introduced into the pyrolysis furnace to reduce the risk of explosion.

[0042] 3. Introducing infrared temperature measurement technology enables real-time and accurate monitoring of the temperature in the core reaction area. In the event of an unexpected furnace shutdown or heating interruption, the infrared temperature measurement signal can reflect the temperature drop trend within seconds, immediately cutting off the acetylene gas supply to prevent the accumulation of unreacted gas and the resulting danger.

[0043] 4. The exhaust gas emission path is independent, no longer passing through the entire pyrolysis furnace system, but directly discharged through a dedicated exhaust pipe 400, which greatly reduces the amount of exhaust gas accumulation and lowers the risk of explosion.

[0044] The pyrolysis furnace ignition device provided by this utility model adopts a structural design with a heat transfer sleeve 200 inside the heat insulation shell 100. The heating component 300 continuously heats the heat transfer sleeve 200, so that the outer wall of the heat transfer sleeve 200 accumulates stable heat energy, and the heat is efficiently and evenly transferred to the acetylene gas flowing in its internal channel through the tube wall, thereby indirectly heating the acetylene gas to realize the ignition process of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0045] The pyrolysis furnace ignition device provided by this utility model adopts an outside-to-inside heating method, which rapidly raises the temperature of acetylene gas to above the pyrolysis temperature under conditions of no oxygen, no open flame, and no electric spark, thereby achieving safe and stable ignition and continuous pyrolysis reaction.

[0046] Since no oxygen or air needs to be introduced into the initial ignition process, the problem of difficulty in accurately controlling the mixing ratio of combustible gas and combustion-supporting gas in traditional combustion ignition is avoided. This fundamentally eliminates safety hazards such as ignition failure, unstable combustion, backfire, and explosion caused by fluctuations in gas ratio.

[0047] Indirect heat transfer makes the heating process more gentle and controllable, reducing equipment damage and side reactions caused by local overheating or sudden temperature changes, and improving the stability and reliability of system operation. Furthermore, the insulation shell 100 effectively reduces heat loss and improves thermal energy utilization efficiency, enabling the device to maintain high thermal response performance during continuous operation. This is beneficial for the efficient cracking of acetylene gas and the uniform generation of carbon black products, resulting in a safer, more energy-efficient, and more stable industrial ignition pyrolysis operation.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pyrolysis furnace ignition device, characterized in that, include: Insulation shell (100), heat transfer sleeve (200) and heating element (300); The heat transfer sleeve (200) is disposed inside the insulation shell (100), and a channel for acetylene gas flow is formed inside the heat transfer sleeve (200); The heating component (300) is connected to the heat insulation shell (100). The heating component (300) is used to heat the heat transfer sleeve (200) to ignite the acetylene gas in the channel through the heat transfer sleeve (200) and cause the acetylene gas to continuously decompose.

2. The pyrolysis furnace ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is a gap between the heat transfer sleeve (200) and the side wall of the insulation shell (100) to form a heating space (110), which is used to allow the heating component (300) to fully heat the heat transfer sleeve (200).

3. The pyrolysis furnace ignition device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pyrolysis furnace ignition device also includes an exhaust pipe (400). The exhaust pipe (400) is connected to the insulation shell (100), and the exhaust pipe (400) is used to discharge the gas in the heating space (110).

4. The pyrolysis furnace ignition device according to claim 3, characterized in that, An exhaust control valve (410) is provided on the exhaust pipe (400).

5. The pyrolysis furnace ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pyrolysis furnace ignition device also includes a temperature measuring component (500). The side wall of the heat insulation shell (100) is provided with a temperature measuring port (120), and the temperature measuring component (500) is provided at the temperature measuring port (120). The temperature measuring component (500) is used to measure the temperature of the heat transfer sleeve (200).

6. The pyrolysis furnace ignition device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature measuring component (500) is configured as an infrared thermometer.

7. The pyrolysis furnace ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the thermal insulation shell (100) is provided with an air inlet (130), which is connected to the channel and is used to allow acetylene gas to enter the channel.

8. The pyrolysis furnace ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat transfer sleeve (200) is made of graphite.

9. The pyrolysis furnace ignition device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The pyrolysis furnace ignition device also includes a cooling collection component (600). The cooling collection component (600) is connected to the end of the channel and is used to cool the products after pyrolysis.

10. The pyrolysis furnace ignition device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The top of the cooling collection component (600) is connected to the heat insulation shell (100), and the top opening of the cooling collection component (600) is connected to the channel.

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