A laboratory magnetic drive reaction kettle

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of laboratory magnetic drive reaction kettle, including kettle body, kettle cover and control system, kettle body outside is equipped with the electric heating furnace being connected with control system;Kettle body center axis is equipped with magnetic drive mechanism, magnetic drive mechanism includes drive motor, inner magnet and outer magnet, the output shaft of drive motor is connected with outer magnet, inner magnet bottom is fixedly connected with hollow stirring shaft, kettle cover is equipped with the supporting bearing of auxiliary inner magnet and hollow stirring shaft positioning;Kettle cover inner periphery is embedded with plane cooling groove, supporting body cooling groove is ringed outside supporting bearing, plane cooling groove is communicated with supporting body cooling groove by pipeline, supporting body cooling groove is communicated with hollow shaft cooling cavity in hollow stirring shaft by pipeline;Kettle cover is pre-buried with water inlet pipe, water inlet pipe one end is communicated with plane cooling groove, other end is communicated with cooling water inlet valve;Hollow shaft cooling cavity bottom end is communicated with drain pipe, drain pipe extends to kettle body outside.This application is widely applied in the technical field of reaction kettle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of reaction vessel technology, and more specifically, to a laboratory magnetically driven reaction vessel. Background Technology

[0002] Laboratory reactors are sealed containers used to simulate extreme reaction conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and high speed. They are widely used in scientific research scenarios such as material synthesis and high-pressure catalytic reactions. Such experiments often need to be carried out under extreme conditions of high temperature, high pressure, and high speed. During operation, heat is continuously generated. If the heat cannot be dissipated in time, it can easily lead to thermal runaway of the equipment. Therefore, an efficient heat dissipation system is the key to ensuring the stable operation of the reactor.

[0003] Existing cooling systems for magnetically driven laboratory reactors mostly employ a single-stage cooling design, with cooling tanks only for the reactor lid or localized cooling only for the stirring shaft. This limited cooling coverage fails to reach the main heat-generating areas such as the lid, stirring shaft, and drive mechanism, resulting in significant heat dissipation blind spots. Under extreme conditions of high pressure, high speed, and high temperature, such cooling systems exhibit low heat dissipation efficiency, failing to quickly dissipate the heat generated by core components. Prolonged exposure to high temperatures can lead to wear and seizure of core components, potentially causing thermal runaway, experimental interruptions, material contamination, and, in severe cases, safety risks. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention provides a magnetically driven laboratory reactor, which solves the problem of insufficient heat dissipation in existing laboratory reactors under high pressure, high speed, and high temperature conditions. The reactor includes a reactor body, a reactor lid, and a control system. An electric heating furnace connected to the control system is located outside the reactor body. A magnetic drive mechanism is axially mounted at the center of the vessel body. The magnetic drive mechanism includes a drive motor, an inner magnet, and an outer magnet. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the outer magnet. A hollow stirring shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner magnet. A support bearing is provided on the vessel cover to assist in positioning the inner magnet and the hollow stirring shaft. A planar cooling groove is embedded circumferentially inside the vessel cover. A support body cooling groove is provided around the outer ring of the support bearing. The planar cooling groove is connected to the support body cooling groove through a pipe. The support body cooling groove is connected to the hollow shaft cooling cavity inside the hollow stirring shaft through a pipe. A water inlet pipe is pre-embedded inside the vessel cover. One end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the planar cooling groove, and the other end is connected to the cooling water inlet valve. A drain pipe is connected to the bottom of the hollow shaft cooling cavity and extends to the outside of the vessel body.

[0005] Preferably, both the support cooling groove and the planar cooling groove have a spiral structure.

[0006] Preferably, a protective cover is fitted onto the outer magnet, and the surface of the protective cover is provided with multiple axial heat dissipation fins.

[0007] Preferably, a cooling mechanism is provided between the protective cover and the outer magnet. The cooling mechanism includes a rotating fan and an annular air duct. The angle between the blades of the rotating fan and the radial plane is in the range of 30° to 45°.

[0008] Preferably, the inner magnet is fitted with a Hastelloy sealing cover, the surface of which is coated with a graphene coating with a thickness of 10~30μm. The distance between the Hastelloy sealing cover and the inner magnet is ≤1mm, and the thickness of the cover and the distance are matched to satisfy the eddy current heat power ≤5W.

[0009] Preferably, a composite dynamic seal is provided between the bottom of the Hastelloy sealing cover and the top of the outer wall of the hollow stirring shaft. The composite dynamic seal is a series structure of a magnetic fluid sealing unit and a gas film sealing unit, and the gas film pressure of the gas film sealing unit is 0.1~0.3MPa.

[0010] Preferably, the surface of the cooling tank wall of the support is coated with a graphene coating, the thickness of which is 20~50μm and the thermal conductivity ranges from 5000~5300W / (m·K).

[0011] Preferably, the support bearing is a cageless full-ball ceramic bearing, the bearing ball material of the cageless full-ball ceramic bearing is zirconium oxide, and the ball gap between adjacent bearing balls is 0.03~0.08mm.

[0012] Preferably, the outer surface of the Hastelloy sealing cover is provided with an infrared temperature measurement module and a speed sensor. The infrared window of the infrared temperature measurement module is a sapphire crystal. The infrared window and the speed sensor are set corresponding to the surface of the inner magnet to collect the surface temperature signal and speed of the inner magnet in real time. The infrared temperature measurement module and the speed sensor are connected to the control system.

[0013] Preferably, the cooling water inlet valve is an electromagnetic regulating valve, which is electrically connected to the control system.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: A three-stage cooling system is formed by sequentially connecting a planar cooling tank, a support cooling tank, and a hollow shaft cooling chamber, creating a top-down, outside-in cooling system. This system covers the main heat-generating areas such as the vessel lid, support bearings, and hollow stirring shaft, providing wide coverage, excellent cooling effect, and high cooling efficiency. This improves the stability of the equipment under high temperature, high pressure, and high speed conditions, and solves the problem of thermal runaway in traditional reactors under extreme conditions. The control system dynamically adjusts the opening of the electromagnetic regulating valve and the speed of the drive motor in real time based on monitoring data, reducing temperature fluctuations in the magnetic drive mechanism and achieving rapid heat dissipation to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the magnetic drive mechanism under high temperature, high pressure, and high speed conditions. The use of a Hastelloy alloy sealing cover and composite dynamic seals prevents high-temperature demagnetization of the magnetic drive mechanism, improving the stability and service life of the reactor during continuous operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling tank of the support body; Figure 3 This is a top view of a planar cooling tank.

[0017] Symbols in the diagram: 1. Vessel body; 2. Vessel lid; 3. Electric heating furnace; 4. Inner magnet; 5. Outer magnet; 6. Hollow stirring shaft; 7. Flat cooling tank; 8. Support bearing; 9. Support cooling tank; 10. Cooling water inlet valve; 11. Protective cover; 12. Air cooling mechanism; 13. Control box. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0019] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0021] The present application will now describe a laboratory magnetically driven reactor provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0022] Please see Figures 1 to 3The laboratory magnetically driven reactor includes a reactor body 1, a reactor lid 2, and a control system. An electric heating furnace 3 is located outside the reactor body 1 and is electrically connected to the control system via wiring, enabling real-time temperature control within the reactor body 1. A magnetic drive mechanism is axially located at the center of the reactor body 1. This mechanism includes a drive motor, an inner magnet 4, and an outer magnet 5. Power transmission to the drive motor is achieved through the magnetic coupling effect of the inner and outer magnets 4 and 5. Specifically, the drive motor is fixed to the upper exterior of the reactor body 1 and electrically connected to the control system. Its output shaft is coaxially connected to the outer magnet 5. The inner magnet 4 is located inside the reactor body 1, and a hollow stirring shaft 6 is fixedly connected to its bottom, extending downwards to the bottom of the reactor body 1. A support bearing 8 is embedded in the center of the reactor lid 2, assisting in the radial positioning of the inner magnet 4 and the hollow stirring shaft 6. A planar cooling groove 7 is embedded circumferentially inside the vessel lid 2, and a support body cooling groove 9 is provided around the outer ring of the support bearing 8. The planar cooling groove 7 is connected to the support body cooling groove 9 through a pipe, and the support body cooling groove 9 is connected to the hollow shaft cooling cavity inside the hollow stirring shaft 6 through a pipe. A water inlet pipe is pre-embedded inside the vessel lid 2, one end of which is connected to the planar cooling groove 7, and the other end is connected to the cooling water inlet valve 10 outside the vessel body 1; a drain pipe is connected to the bottom of the hollow shaft cooling cavity, and the drain pipe extends to the outside of the vessel body 1. In this embodiment, both the inner magnet 4 and the outer magnet 5 are made of samarium cobalt permanent magnet material (Sm2Co). 17 This is to avoid demagnetization under high-temperature operating conditions.

[0023] During operation, the control system activates the electric heating furnace 3 to heat the reactor body 1 to the set temperature. Simultaneously, the drive motor starts, causing the outer magnet 5 to rotate. The outer magnet 5 and the inner magnet 4 are coupled through a magnetic field, driving the inner magnet 4 and the hollow stirring shaft 6 to rotate synchronously, thus stirring the material inside the reactor. The reactor generates a large amount of heat during operation, which is dissipated through a three-stage cooling system. The three-stage cooling system includes a planar cooling tank 7, a support cooling tank 9, and a hollow shaft cooling chamber connected in sequence. The specific working process is as follows: cooling water enters the planar cooling tank 7 through the cooling water inlet valve 10 and the inlet pipe, carrying away the heat from the reactor lid 2; then flows into the support cooling tank 9 through a pipeline, carrying away the heat from the support bearing 8; subsequently, it flows into the hollow shaft cooling chamber through a pipeline, carrying away the rotational heat generated by the hollow stirring shaft 6; finally, it is discharged through the drain pipe, forming a heat dissipation path from top to bottom and from the outside to the inside. The three-stage cooling system covers the main heat-generating areas such as the vessel lid 2, support bearing 8, and hollow stirring shaft 6. It has a wide coverage area, good cooling effect, and high cooling efficiency, which improves the stability of the equipment under high temperature, high pressure, and high speed conditions.

[0024] Furthermore, both the support cooling tank 9 and the planar cooling tank 7 have a spiral structure. Specifically, the support cooling tank 9 is arranged spirally upwards or downwards along the outer circumference of the support bearing 8, and the planar cooling tank 7 is arranged spirally around the inner circumference of the lid 2, with a channel diameter of 5~8mm. The spiral structure increases the contact area between the cooling water and the tank, prolongs the residence time of the cooling water, and improves the cooling effect and heat dissipation uniformity.

[0025] Furthermore, a protective cover 11 is fitted onto the outer magnet 5, and multiple axial heat dissipation fins are evenly distributed along the axial direction on the surface of the protective cover 11. In this embodiment, the protective cover 11 is made of anodized aluminum alloy. The protective cover 11 is used to isolate dust and impurities, preventing them from adhering to the surface of the outer magnet 5 and affecting the magnetic coupling effect; the heat dissipation fins are used to assist in heat dissipation, increasing the contact area with air, accelerating heat dissipation, and extending the service life of the outer magnet 5.

[0026] Furthermore, a cooling mechanism 12 is provided between the protective cover 11 and the outer magnet 5. The cooling mechanism 12 includes a rotating fan and an annular air duct. The blades of the rotating fan have an angle of inclination of 30° to 45° with respect to the radial plane. In this embodiment, the annular air duct is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the protective cover 11 and surrounds the outer magnet 5 in a circumferential direction. The rotating fan is installed at the end of the drive motor output shaft near the outer magnet 5 and rotates synchronously with the drive motor output shaft, requiring no additional power source. In use, the rotating fan generates airflow, which flows along the annular air duct, carrying away the heat from the surface of the outer magnet 5 and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the magnetic drive mechanism.

[0027] Furthermore, the inner magnet 4 is fitted with a Hastelloy sealing cover, the surface of which is coated with a graphene coating. The graphene coating can accelerate heat transfer, and the thickness of the graphene coating is 10~30μm. The distance between the Hastelloy sealing cover and the inner magnet is ≤1mm, and the thickness of the cover and the distance are matched to satisfy the eddy current heat power ≤5W.

[0028] Furthermore, a composite dynamic seal is provided between the bottom of the Hastelloy sealing cover and the top of the outer wall of the hollow stirring shaft 6. The composite dynamic seal is a series structure of a magnetic fluid sealing unit and a gas film sealing unit, used to prevent leakage of the medium inside the vessel body 1; the gas film pressure of the gas film sealing unit is 0.1~0.3MPa. Specifically, the magnetic fluid sealing unit near the Hastelloy sealing cover is used to prevent leakage of low-pressure medium; the gas film sealing unit near the hollow stirring shaft 6 is used to isolate high-pressure medium; through the cooperation of the magnetic fluid sealing unit and the gas film sealing unit, a leak-free seal is achieved at the connection between the Hastelloy sealing cover and the hollow stirring shaft 6.

[0029] Specifically, the surface of the support cooling tank 9 is coated with a graphene coating, the thickness of which is 20~50μm and its thermal conductivity ranges from 5000~5300W / (m·K).

[0030] Specifically, the support bearing 8 is a cageless full-ball ceramic bearing. The bearing ball material of the cageless full-ball ceramic bearing is zirconium oxide, which has higher heat resistance and wear resistance, and can provide stable radial support for the inner magnet 4 and the hollow stirring shaft 6, reducing sway during rotation; and the ball gap between adjacent bearing balls is 0.03~0.08mm.

[0031] Specifically, the outer surface of the Hastelloy sealing cover is equipped with an infrared temperature measurement module and a speed sensor. The infrared window of the infrared temperature measurement module is a sapphire crystal. The infrared window and the speed sensor are set corresponding to the surface of the inner magnet 4 to collect the surface temperature signal and speed of the inner magnet 4 in real time. The infrared temperature measurement module and the speed sensor are connected to the control system. The sapphire crystal transmits the infrared signal to monitor the temperature of the inner magnet 4, and the speed sensor monitors the speed of the inner magnet 4. The monitored data is transmitted to the control system.

[0032] Furthermore, the cooling water inlet valve 10 is an electromagnetic regulating valve, which is electrically connected to the control system. The valve body is connected to the inlet pipe via a flange, and the opening degree of the valve stem is controlled by an electrical signal output from the control system to achieve accurate control of the cooling water flow rate. In this embodiment, the control system is located inside the control box 13, and uses a PID algorithm to dynamically adjust the opening degree of the electromagnetic regulating valve and control the speed of the drive motor.

[0033] During operation, the infrared temperature measurement module monitors the temperature of the inner magnet 4 in real time, while the speed sensor synchronously collects the rotational speed of the inner magnet 4. Both transmit the data to the control system. When the temperature exceeds 300℃, the PID algorithm calculates the adjustment amount, controlling the electromagnetic regulating valve to increase the opening and increase the cooling water flow, while simultaneously reducing the speed of the drive motor. When the temperature drops to the set range, the regulating valve decreases the opening to maintain stable equipment temperature. When the temperature exceeds 350℃ or the rotational speed of the inner magnet 4 deviates from the rated speed by more than 5%, the control system triggers an emergency shutdown.

[0034] Specifically, the hollow stirring shaft 6 is vertically arranged along the center line of the vessel body 1, and its inner diameter is 8~12mm.

[0035] The working process of this utility model is as follows: Experimental materials are loaded into the vessel body 1, the vessel lid 2 is closed and sealed, and the electric heating furnace 3 and drive motor are started. The electric heating furnace 3 heats the vessel body 1 uniformly at the set temperature, maintaining a high-temperature environment inside the vessel. The drive motor drives the outer magnet 5 to rotate, which in turn drives the inner magnet 4 to rotate synchronously via magnetic coupling. The inner magnet 4 drives the hollow stirring shaft 6 to stir the materials inside the vessel. Simultaneously, the cooling water inlet valve 10 is opened, and the cooling water flows sequentially through the inlet pipe through the planar cooling tank 7, the support cooling tank 9, and the hollow shaft cooling chamber, finally draining from the vessel body 1 through the drain pipe, completing the three-stage cooling process. Throughout the reaction process, the infrared temperature measurement module monitors the temperature of the inner magnet 4 in real time, and the speed sensor synchronously collects the rotational speed of the inner magnet 4. Both transmit the data to the control system, which automatically adjusts the cooling water flow rate and the drive motor speed.

[0036] In this invention, a three-stage cooling system is formed from top to bottom and from the outside to the inside by sequentially connecting the planar cooling tank 7, the support cooling tank 9, and the hollow shaft cooling cavity. This three-stage cooling system covers the main heat-generating areas such as the vessel lid 2, the support bearing 8, and the hollow stirring shaft 6, providing wide coverage, good cooling effect, and high cooling efficiency. This improves the stability of the equipment under high temperature, high pressure, and high speed conditions, and solves the problem of thermal runaway in traditional reactors under extreme conditions. The control system dynamically adjusts the opening of the electromagnetic regulating valve and the speed of the drive motor in real time based on monitoring data, reducing temperature fluctuations in the magnetic drive mechanism and achieving rapid heat dissipation to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the magnetic drive mechanism under high temperature, high pressure, and high speed conditions. The Hastelloy sealing cover and composite dynamic seals prevent high-temperature demagnetization of the magnetic drive mechanism, improving the stability and service life of the reactor during continuous operation.

[0037] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A laboratory magnetically driven reaction vessel, comprising a vessel body, a vessel lid, and a control system, wherein an electric heating furnace connected to the control system is disposed outside the vessel body; characterized in that: A magnetic drive mechanism is axially mounted at the center of the vessel body. The magnetic drive mechanism includes a drive motor, an inner magnet, and an outer magnet. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the outer magnet. A hollow stirring shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner magnet. A support bearing is provided on the vessel cover to assist in the positioning of the inner magnet and the hollow stirring shaft. A planar cooling groove is embedded circumferentially inside the vessel cover. A support body cooling groove is provided around the outer ring of the support bearing. The planar cooling groove is connected to the support body cooling groove through a pipe. The support body cooling groove is connected to the hollow shaft cooling cavity inside the hollow stirring shaft through a pipe. A water inlet pipe is pre-embedded inside the vessel cover. One end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the planar cooling groove, and the other end is connected to a cooling water inlet valve. A drain pipe is connected to the bottom of the hollow shaft cooling cavity and extends to the outside of the vessel body.

2. The laboratory magnetically driven reaction vessel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both the support cooling groove and the planar cooling groove have a spiral structure.

3. A laboratory magnetically driven reaction vessel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer magnet is fitted with a protective cover, and the surface of the protective cover is provided with multiple axial heat dissipation fins.

4. A laboratory magnetically driven reaction vessel as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A cooling mechanism is provided between the protective cover and the outer magnet. The cooling mechanism includes a rotating fan and an annular air duct. The angle between the blades of the rotating fan and the radial plane is in the range of 30° to 45°.

5. A laboratory magnetically driven reaction vessel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner magnet is fitted with a Hastelloy sealing cover, the surface of which is coated with a graphene coating with a thickness of 10~30μm. The distance between the Hastelloy sealing cover and the inner magnet is ≤1mm, and the thickness of the cover and the distance are matched to satisfy the eddy current thermal power ≤5W.

6. A laboratory magnetically driven reaction vessel as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A composite dynamic seal is provided between the bottom of the Hastelloy sealing cover and the top of the outer wall of the hollow stirring shaft. The composite dynamic seal is a series structure of a magnetic fluid sealing unit and a gas film sealing unit. The gas film pressure of the gas film sealing unit is 0.1~0.3MPa.

7. A laboratory magnetically driven reaction vessel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the cooling tank wall of the support is coated with a graphene coating, the thickness of which is 20~50μm and its thermal conductivity ranges from 5000~5300W / (m·K).

8. A laboratory magnetically driven reaction vessel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The support bearing is a cageless full-ball ceramic bearing, the bearing ball material of the cageless full-ball ceramic bearing is zirconium oxide, and the ball gap between adjacent bearing balls is 0.03~0.08mm.

9. A laboratory magnetically driven reaction vessel as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the Hastelloy sealing cover is equipped with an infrared temperature measurement module and a speed sensor. The infrared window of the infrared temperature measurement module is a sapphire crystal. The infrared window and the speed sensor are correspondingly set to the surface of the inner magnet to collect the surface temperature signal and speed of the inner magnet in real time. The infrared temperature measurement module and the speed sensor are connected to the control system.

10. A laboratory magnetically driven reaction vessel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling water inlet valve is an electromagnetic regulating valve, which is electrically connected to the control system.

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