A light species separation device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to material separation technical field, concretely relates to a light material separation device. The light material separation device includes winnowing box, air inlet mechanism and scraping mechanism, winnowing box includes winnowing chamber, feed port, air inlet chamber, air return chamber and first discharge port and second discharge port, is provided with the partition in winnowing chamber, and the partition divides winnowing chamber into heavy material settling area and light material settling area, air inlet mechanism sets up on winnowing box, and scraping mechanism includes filter plate, scraping blade and drive assembly, and filter plate sets up in the lateral wall of light material settling area, and communicates light material settling area with air return chamber. Through the structure of limiting scraping mechanism, adopt the structural design of filter plate, scraping blade and drive assembly, make the airflow in winnowing chamber can pass through filter plate and enter air return chamber and return to air inlet mechanism, realize the circulation use of airflow, and, scraping blade can scrape the light material adhered on filter plate, can clean filter plate in time, guarantees the smooth entry of airflow into air return chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of material separation technology, and specifically relates to a light material separation device. Background Technology

[0002] Construction and decoration waste contains a large amount of heavy materials such as concrete and bricks. After processing through crushing, screening, and washing, recycled aggregate can be obtained. Recycled aggregate is a sustainable building material resource, and its use can reduce environmental pollution and conserve natural resources. However, the crushed and screened recycled aggregate contains impurities such as metal, plastic, glass, rags, wood strips, fine mesh, pearl cotton, and paper. These impurities reduce the quality of the recycled aggregate and limit its application. It is necessary to incorporate appropriate equipment into the process to effectively separate these impurities. This paper proposes an air-separation device for separating lighter materials such as wood strips, fine mesh, pearl cotton, and paper. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a lightweight material separation device that uses wind power to separate lightweight materials from recycled aggregates, ultimately producing high-quality recycled aggregates for use as sustainable building material resources.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A light material separation device includes an air classifier, an air inlet mechanism, and a scraping mechanism; An air classifier includes an air classifier chamber disposed therein, a feed inlet communicating with the air classifier chamber, an inclined air inlet chamber communicating with the air classifier chamber, a return air chamber communicating between the air classifier chamber and the air inlet chamber, and a first discharge port and a second discharge port spaced apart at its bottom. A partition plate is disposed in the air classifier chamber, dividing it into a heavy material settling zone and a light material settling zone. The first discharge port is opposite to the heavy material settling zone, and the second discharge port is opposite to the light material settling zone. The airflow entering the air classifier chamber from the air inlet chamber is directed against the recycled aggregate falling downwards from the feed inlet, causing the denser recycled aggregate to pass through the airflow and be discharged from the first discharge port, while the less dense recycled aggregate is carried by the airflow across the heavy material settling zone and into the light material settling zone, and is discharged from the second discharge port. An air intake mechanism, installed on the air separator, is used to introduce airflow from the return air chamber into the air intake chamber; The scraping mechanism includes a filter plate, scraping blades, and a drive assembly. The filter plate is disposed on the side wall of the light material settling zone and connects the light material settling zone with the return air chamber. The scraping blades are rotatably disposed in the light material settling zone to scrape off the light material adhering to the filter plate. The drive assembly is connected to and drives the scraping blades to rotate.

[0005] Furthermore, the scraper blade includes a rotating impeller and a plurality of blade bodies spaced apart on the outer periphery of the rotating impeller. One end of the blade body is connected to the rotating impeller, and the other end can contact the inner wall of the air separation chamber. The side of the blade body contacts the filter plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the return air cavity includes a collecting cavity located above the air inlet cavity inside the air separator box, two drainage cavities located opposite each other inside the air separator box outside the air separator cavity, and a filter assembly located in the two drainage cavities. The collecting cavity can connect the air inlet mechanism and the two drainage cavities.

[0007] Furthermore, the air intake mechanism includes two fans arranged opposite each other inside the air separator and an air intake duct arranged between the air inlets of the two fans; the air outlets of the two fans are connected to the air intake chamber, and the air intake duct is connected to the collection chamber; two filter plates are provided, and the airflow in the air separator enters the two flow chambers through the two filter plates respectively, and enters the two fans through the collection chamber and the air intake duct.

[0008] Furthermore, the filter assembly includes multiple damping plates arranged at an angle and a third discharge port located at the bottom of the air separator box opposite to the lowest point of the damping plates. The multiple damping plates are arranged sequentially at intervals along the vertical direction, and the third discharge port is connected to the first discharge port. The airflow entering the flow chamber from the filter plate can pass through the multiple damping plates, thereby filtering the dust in the airflow.

[0009] Furthermore, the air classifier also includes a feeding assembly disposed in the inlet. The feeding assembly includes a guide plate extending obliquely downward from one end of the inlet toward the air classifier cavity, a plurality of uniform plates spaced apart along the length of the guide plate, and a plurality of accumulation plates spaced apart between adjacent uniform plates along the width of the guide plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the air separator also includes a sealing plate detachably connected to the feed inlet and an arc-shaped guide plate disposed on the top surface of the air separator chamber, wherein a discharge gap is formed between the lower end of the sealing plate and the lowest end of the guide plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the partition plate includes a fixed partition plate, a movable partition plate, and two adjustment components. The fixed partition plate is disposed inside the air separation chamber, and the movable partition plate is disposed on top of the fixed partition plate and can rotate back and forth relative to the fixed partition plate. The adjustment components are disposed between the end of the movable partition plate and the opposite air separation chamber to fix the movable partition plate inside the air separation chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, the movable partition includes a movable rod rotatably disposed on the top of the fixed partition and a plate extending outward from the side wall of the movable rod. The two ends of the movable rod can respectively protrude outside the air separation chamber, and the plate is located inside the air separation chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment handle disposed at the end of the movable rod and an arc-shaped indexing plate disposed outside the air separation chamber opposite to the adjustment handle, wherein the adjustment handle and the arc-shaped indexing plate are fixedly connected by bolts and screw holes.

[0014] As can be seen from the above description of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The light material separation device proposed in this application adopts a structural design of an air classifier, an air inlet mechanism, and a scraping mechanism. The airflow generated by the air inlet mechanism enters the air classifier from the air inlet chamber and is opposite to the recycled aggregate falling downward from the feed port. Then, the recycled aggregate with higher density passes through the airflow and is discharged from the first discharge port, while the recycled aggregate with lower density passes through the heavy material settling zone with the airflow and enters the light material settling zone and is discharged from the second discharge port, thereby completing the separation of light and heavy materials. At the same time, the structure of the scraping mechanism is defined by adopting a structural design of a filter plate, scraping blades, and a drive assembly, so that the airflow in the air classifier can enter the return air chamber through the filter plate and return to the air inlet mechanism, realizing the recycling of airflow. In addition, the scraping blades can scrape off the light material adhering to the filter plate, which can clean the filter plate in time and ensure that the airflow smoothly enters the return air chamber. The filter assembly of the light material separation device proposed in this application adopts a structural design of multiple damping plates arranged at an angle and a third discharge port opposite to the lowest point of the damping plates. This design can perform secondary filtration on the airflow passing through the filter plates, prevent excess material from entering the blower, and improve the service life of the blower. The partition plate of the light material separation device proposed in this application adopts a structural design of fixed partition plate, movable partition plate and two adjustment components. The position of the movable partition plate can be adjusted according to different needs, so as to achieve better separation effect. The sealing plate of the light material separation device proposed in this application adopts a detachable structural design. By replacing the sealing plate with different sizes, the size of the feeding gap can be changed to adapt to recycled aggregates of different particle sizes. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a front view of the light material separation device.

[0016] Figure 2 A partial structural diagram of a light material separation device. Figure 1 .

[0017] Figure 3 A partial structural diagram of a light material separation device. Figure 2 .

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a light material separation device Figure 1 .

[0019] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a light material separation device Figure 2 .

[0020] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a light material separation device Figure 3 .

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Air separator; 11. Air separator chamber; 111. Heavy material settling zone; 112. Light material settling zone; 113. Arc-shaped guide plate; 114. Inspection door; 115. Side plate; 12. Feed inlet; 13. Air inlet chamber; 14. Return air chamber; 141. Collection chamber; 142. Drainage chamber; 143. Filter assembly; 144. Damping plate; 145. Third discharge port; 15. First discharge port; 151. Material accumulation assembly; 16. Second discharge port; 17. Divider plate; 171. Fixed partition plate; 172. Movable partition plate. 1. Plate; 173. Adjustment assembly; 174. Movable rod; 175. Plate body; 176. Adjustment handle; 177. Arc-shaped indexing plate; 18. Feeding assembly; 181. Guide plate; 182. Equalizing plate; 183. Accumulating plate; 19. Sealing plate; 191. Discharge gap; 2. Air inlet mechanism; 21. Fan; 22. Air inlet duct; 3. Scraping mechanism; 31. Filter plate; 32. Scraping blade; 321. Rotating impeller; 322. Blade body; 33. Drive assembly; 34. Gear motor; 35. Transmission component. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a light material separation device, including an air classifier 1, an air inlet mechanism 2, and a scraping mechanism 3.

[0024] The air classifier 1 includes an air classifier chamber 11 disposed therein, a feed inlet 12 communicating with the air classifier chamber 11, an inclined air inlet chamber 13 communicating with the air classifier chamber 11, a return air chamber 14 communicating between the air classifier chamber 11 and the air inlet chamber 13, and a first discharge port 15 and a second discharge port 16 spaced apart at its bottom. A partition plate 17 is disposed in the air classifier chamber 11, dividing the air classifier chamber 11 into a heavy material settling zone 111 and a light material settling zone 112. The first discharge port 15 is opposite to the heavy material settling zone 111, and the second discharge port 16 is opposite to the light material settling zone 112. The material settling zone 112 is opposite to the material settling zone 112. Specifically, the airflow entering the air separation zone 11 from the air inlet 13 is opposite to the recycled aggregate falling down from the feed inlet 12, so that the denser recycled aggregate passes through the airflow and is discharged from the first discharge port 15, while the less dense recycled aggregate passes through the heavy material settling zone 111 with the airflow and enters the light material settling zone 112 and is discharged from the second discharge port 16, thereby completing the separation of light and heavy materials in the recycled aggregate. Furthermore, the first discharge port 15 is provided with a material accumulation component 151, which allows a portion of the material to accumulate and acts as a liner.

[0025] The air classifier 1 also includes a feeding assembly 18 disposed in the inlet 12. The feeding assembly 18 includes a guide plate 181 extending obliquely downward from one end of the inlet 12 toward the air classifier 11, a plurality of uniform feeding plates 182 spaced apart along the length of the guide plate 181, and a plurality of accumulation plates 183 spaced apart between adjacent uniform feeding plates 182 along the width of the guide plate 181. By setting the uniform feeding plates 182 and the accumulation plates 183, uniform feeding is achieved, while extending the service life of the guide plate 181. Specifically, the air classifier 1 also includes a sealing plate 19 detachably connected to the inlet 12 and an arc-shaped guide disposed on the top surface inside the air classifier 11. A feeding gap 191 is formed between the lower end of the sealing plate 19 and the lowest end of the guide plate 181. The airflow entering the air separation chamber 11 flows along the direction of the arc-shaped guide plate 113, so that the airflow passes evenly through the scraping mechanism 3 and enters the return air chamber 14. By setting a detachable sealing plate 19, the recycled aggregate evenly distributed on the guide plate 181 can only enter the air separation chamber 11 through the feeding gap 191, reducing the feeding space of the feed inlet 12, thereby reducing the influence of external airflow on the airflow in the air separation chamber 11. At the same time, by replacing the sealing plate 19 with different sizes, the size of the feeding gap 191 can be matched with recycled aggregates of different particle sizes.

[0026] The return air chamber 14 includes a collecting chamber 141 located inside the air separator 1 above the air inlet chamber 13, two guiding chambers 142 located opposite each other inside the air separator 1 outside the air separator 11, and a filter assembly 143 located in the two guiding chambers 142. The collecting chamber 141 can connect the air inlet mechanism 2 and the two guiding chambers 142. The airflow entering the air separator 11 passes sequentially through the scraping mechanism 3, the guiding chambers 142, the filter assembly 143, and the collecting chamber 141, thereby re-entering the air inlet mechanism 2 to achieve airflow circulation. Specifically, the filter assembly 143 includes multiple damping plates 144 arranged at an angle. The third discharge port 145 is located at the bottom of the air separator 1, opposite to the lowest point of the damping plate 144. Multiple damping plates 144 are arranged vertically at intervals. The third discharge port 145 is connected to the first discharge port 15. Furthermore, the airflow entering the guide cavity 142 through the scraping mechanism 3 can pass through multiple damping plates 144. The fine particles carried in the airflow are settled by the action of the damping plates 144 and enter the first discharge port 15 through the third discharge port 145. They are discharged together with the heavy materials, realizing the second filtration of the airflow and preventing too much dust and other impurities from entering the air intake mechanism 2.

[0027] The partition plate 17 includes a fixed partition plate 171, a movable partition plate 172, and two adjusting components 173. The fixed partition plate 171 is disposed inside the air separation chamber 11, and the movable partition plate 172 is disposed on top of the fixed partition plate 171 and can rotate back and forth relative to the fixed partition plate 171. The adjusting components 173 are disposed between the end of the movable partition plate 172 and the opposite air separation chamber 11 to fix the movable partition plate 172 inside the air separation chamber 11. Specifically, the movable partition plate 172 includes a movable rod 174 rotatably disposed on top of the fixed partition plate 171 and a plate 175 extending outward from the side wall of the movable rod 174. Both ends of the movable rod 174 can respectively protrude outside the air separation chamber 11. The plate 175 is located inside the air separation chamber 11; further, the adjustment assembly 173 includes an adjustment handle 176 disposed at the end of the movable rod 174 and an arc-shaped indexing plate 177 disposed outside the air separation chamber 11 opposite to the adjustment handle 176, and the adjustment handle 176 and the arc-shaped indexing plate 177 are fixedly connected by bolt holes; wherein, the air separation box 1 is provided with an inspection door 114 opposite to the adjustment assembly 173; by setting the arc-shaped indexing plate 177 and the adjustment handle 176, the adjustment handle 176 can be positioned on the opposite arc-shaped indexing plate 177 through the bolt holes, thereby adjusting the position of the movable partition 172 to separate recycled aggregate.

[0028] The scraping mechanism 3 includes a filter plate 31, scraping blades 32, and a drive assembly 33. The filter plate 31 is disposed on the side wall of the light material settling area 112, connecting the light material settling area 112 with the return air chamber 14. The scraping blades 32 are rotatably disposed in the light material settling area 112 to scrape off the light material adhering to the filter plate 31. The drive assembly 33 is connected to and drives the scraping blades 32 to rotate. Specifically, the airflow entering the return air chamber 14 from the air separation chamber 11 can pass through the filter plate 31 to achieve the first filtration of the airflow. At the same time, the scraping blades 32 rotate under the drive of the drive assembly 33, which can clean the filter plate 31 in time and ensure that the airflow smoothly enters the return air chamber 14. Furthermore, the scraping blades 32 include a rotating impeller 321 and multiple blade bodies 322 spaced apart on the outer periphery of the rotating impeller 321. One end of the blade body 322 is connected to the outer periphery of the rotating impeller 321. The impeller 321 is connected to the air separator, and the other end can contact the inner wall of the air separator 11. The side of the blade body 322 contacts the filter plate 31. When the impeller 321 rotates, the blade body 322 can scrape off the light material adhering to the side wall of the light material settling area 112 and discharge the light material in time. At the same time, it isolates the light material settling area 112 from the atmosphere and reduces the interference of external airflow on the working gas. Furthermore, the edge of the blade body 322 is made of flexible wear-resistant material. Furthermore, the drive assembly 33 includes a geared motor 34 and a transmission component 35 disposed between the output end of the geared motor 34 and the impeller 321. Among them, the transmission component 35 is a chain drive, which is common in existing mechanical transmission methods. Its specific structure will not be described in detail here. Furthermore, the filter plate 31 is a stainless steel mesh plate with an opening diameter of 5mm and an opening rate of 40%.

[0029] An air intake mechanism 2, installed on the air separator 1, introduces airflow from the return air chamber 14 into the air intake chamber 13. The air intake mechanism 2 includes two fans 21 positioned opposite each other inside the air separator 1 and an air intake duct 22 positioned between the air inlets of the two fans 21. The air outlets of the two fans 21 are connected to the air intake chamber 13, and the air intake duct 22 is connected to the collecting chamber 141. Specifically, two filter plates 31 are provided. The airflow in the air separator 11 passes through the two filter plates 31 into the two guiding chambers 142, and then through the collecting chamber 141 and the air intake duct 22 into the two fans 21. Inside the air separator 1, two side plates 115 are inclinedly arranged inside the air separator 1, forming an air inlet cavity 13 between the two side plates 115, which can connect the air outlets of the two fans 21 with the air separator 11. The air inlet cavity 13 is located below the collecting cavity 141. Furthermore, the vertical distance between the fixed partition 171 and the endpoints of the adjacent side plates 115 is 500mm, the angle between the guide plate 181 and the adjacent side plates 115 is 80°, the angle between the two side plates 115 is 15°, and the distance between the two ends of the two side plates 115 near the air separator 11 is 100mm.

[0030] The specific working principle of this application is as follows: The airflow generated by the blower 21 enters the heavy material settling zone 111 located in front of the air separation chamber 11 through the air inlet 13. Recycled aggregates of 5-10mm or 10-31.5mm, after crushing and screening, enter the heavy material settling zone 111 located in front of the air separation chamber 11 through the feed inlet 12. The recycled aggregates accumulate on the accumulation plates 183 on the guide plate 181, forming a lining. When the recycled aggregates pass through the equalization plates 182 on the guide plate 181, they are evenly distributed between adjacent equalization plates 182. Bricks, tiles, concrete, and other aggregates in the recycled aggregates have high density and are called heavy materials. The drag force generated by the wind has little impact on the trajectory of heavy materials. The dense recycled aggregates pass through the airflow and are discharged through the first discharge port 15. Wood strips, fine mesh, pearl cotton, paper, and other materials in the recycled aggregates have lower density and are called light materials. The drag force generated by the wind has a greater impact on the trajectory of light materials. Light materials enter the light material settling zone 112 under the action of the airflow. Under the action of the arc-shaped guide plate 113, the airflow and light materials enter the filter plate 31. The airflow passes through the two filter plates 31 and enters the two drainage chambers 142 respectively. The light materials are intercepted by the filter plates 31. The scraper blades 32 rotate and scrape off the light materials adhering to the filter plates 31 and the side wall of the light material settling area 112, and discharge them through the second discharge port 16. After passing through the filter plate 31, the airflow passes through multiple damping plates 144 when passing through the drainage chamber 142. The fine particles in the airflow are settled and intermittently discharged into the first discharge port 15 through the third discharge port 145, and discharged together with the heavy materials. After secondary filtration, the airflow enters the collecting chamber 141 and re-enters the blower 21 through the air inlet pipe 22, thus completing one working process.

[0031] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model. All equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the present utility model application and the contents of the specification should still fall within the scope of the present utility model application.

Claims

1. A light material separation device, characterized in that: Includes air separator, air inlet mechanism and scraper mechanism; An air classifier includes an air classifier chamber disposed therein, a feed inlet communicating with the air classifier chamber, an inclined air inlet chamber communicating with the air classifier chamber, a return air chamber communicating between the air classifier chamber and the air inlet chamber, and a first discharge port and a second discharge port spaced apart at its bottom. A partition plate is disposed in the air classifier chamber, dividing it into a heavy material settling zone and a light material settling zone. The first discharge port is opposite to the heavy material settling zone, and the second discharge port is opposite to the light material settling zone. The airflow entering the air classifier chamber from the air inlet chamber is directed against the recycled aggregate falling downwards from the feed inlet, causing the denser recycled aggregate to pass through the airflow and be discharged from the first discharge port, while the less dense recycled aggregate is carried by the airflow across the heavy material settling zone and into the light material settling zone, and is discharged from the second discharge port. An air intake mechanism, installed on the air separator, is used to introduce airflow from the return air chamber into the air intake chamber; The scraping mechanism includes a filter plate, scraping blades and a drive assembly. The filter plate is disposed on the side wall of the light material settling area and connects the light material settling area with the return air chamber. The scraper blades are rotatably disposed in the light material settling zone to scrape off the light material adhering to the filter plate. The drive assembly connects to and drives the scraper blades to rotate.

2. The light material separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper blades include a rotating impeller and multiple blade bodies spaced apart on the outer periphery of the rotating impeller. One end of each blade body is connected to the rotating impeller, and the other end can contact the inner wall of the air separation chamber. The side of each blade body contacts the filter plate.

3. The light material separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return air cavity includes a collecting cavity located inside the air separator box above the air inlet cavity, two drainage cavities located opposite each other inside the air separator box outside the air separator cavity, and a filter assembly located in the two drainage cavities. The collecting cavity can connect the air inlet mechanism and the two drainage cavities.

4. The light material separation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air intake mechanism includes two fans arranged opposite each other inside the air separator and an air intake duct arranged between the air inlets of the two fans; the air outlets of the two fans are connected to the air intake chamber, and the air intake duct is connected to the collection chamber; two filter plates are provided, and the airflow in the air separator enters the two flow chambers through the two filter plates respectively, and enters the two fans through the collection chamber and the air intake duct.

5. A light material separation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filter assembly includes multiple damping plates arranged at an angle and a third discharge port located at the bottom of the air separator box opposite to the lowest point of the damping plates. The multiple damping plates are arranged at intervals in a vertical direction, and the third discharge port is connected to the first discharge port. The airflow entering the flow chamber from the filter plate can pass through the multiple damping plates, thereby filtering the dust in the airflow.

6. The light material separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air classifier also includes a feeding assembly disposed in the inlet. The feeding assembly includes a guide plate extending downward at an incline from one end of the inlet toward the air classifier chamber, a plurality of uniform plates spaced apart along the length of the guide plate, and a plurality of accumulation plates spaced apart between adjacent uniform plates along the width of the guide plate.

7. A light material separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air separator also includes a sealing plate detachably connected to the feed inlet and an arc-shaped guide plate disposed on the top surface of the air separator chamber. A discharge gap is formed between the lower end of the sealing plate and the lowest end of the guide plate.

8. A light material separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition plate includes a fixed partition, a movable partition, and two adjustment components. The fixed partition is disposed inside the air separation chamber, and the movable partition is disposed on top of the fixed partition and can rotate back and forth relative to the fixed partition. The adjustment components are disposed between the end of the movable partition and the opposite air separation chamber to fix the movable partition inside the air separation chamber.

9. A light material separation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The movable partition includes a movable rod rotatably mounted on the top of the fixed partition and a plate extending outward from the side wall of the movable rod. The two ends of the movable rod can respectively protrude outside the air separation chamber, and the plate is located inside the air separation chamber.

10. A light material separation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes an adjustment handle located at the end of the movable rod and an arc-shaped indexing plate located outside the air separation chamber opposite to the adjustment handle. The adjustment handle and the arc-shaped indexing plate are fixedly connected by bolts and screw holes.

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