Automatic screening and testing equipment for seeds

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of grain automatic screening inspection equipment, it is related to grain screening technical field, solve the technical problem that current technical scheme exists single screening mode insufficient degree of automation, including main pedestal, the main pedestal upper wall is equipped with shaking screen structure, the shaking screen lower end is provided with broken material box, the shaking screen structure lower end is provided with discharge box, the main pedestal is above and located the shaking screen structure input upper installation has rolling buffer structure, the utility model integrates multiple functions such as feeding, buffering uniform material, winnowing, size screening and on-line monitoring organically in one, realizes the continuous automation operation of grain from input to output qualified product.This greatly reduces manual intervention, reduces labor intensity, significantly improves production efficiency;Through the air screen structure of being set in vertical blanking space, utilize airflow to effectively remove dust, flat grain and other light impurities;Through shaking screen structure, according to size difference further removes broken grain and small particle impurities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of grain seed screening technology, specifically to an automatic grain seed screening and testing device. Background Technology

[0002] This utility model relates to the technical field of seeds, which are the most basic and important means of production in agricultural production. The quality of grain seeds directly affects the yield, quality, and resistance of crops. Therefore, strict screening and inspection of grain seeds before sowing, removing shriveled, broken, diseased, and various impurities, is a crucial step in ensuring a bountiful harvest. Existing grain seed screening technologies and equipment have the following problems: Many traditional screening methods rely on manual operation or semi-automated machinery. This not only leads to low screening efficiency and high labor intensity, but also makes the screening results highly susceptible to human factors, making it difficult to unify quality standards and meet the needs of large-scale, standardized agricultural production. Traditional screening equipment often relies solely on single-size screening or simple wind separation. For shriveled grains that are similar in size to normal grains but lighter in weight, or impurities that are similar in weight to normal grains but irregular in size, single screening methods are insufficient for effective separation, resulting in low screening purity.

[0003] In summary, existing technical solutions suffer from problems such as a single screening method and insufficient automation. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an automatic grain seed screening and inspection device, which solves the technical problem that existing technical solutions have a single screening method and insufficient automation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an automatic grain seed screening and inspection device, comprising a main base, a shaking screen structure mounted on the upper wall of the main base, a crushing bin at the lower end of the shaking screen, a discharge bin at the lower end of the shaking screen structure, a rolling buffer structure mounted on the main base above the input end of the shaking screen structure, a feeding hopper mounted on the main base at the input end of the rolling buffer structure, an air sieve structure mounted on the main base, and a scanning monitor mounted above the tail end of the shaking screen structure; the feeding hopper facilitates the centralized addition of grain seeds. The rolling buffer structure buffers and evenly transports the falling grain seeds, preventing damage from direct impact on the shaking screen structure and allowing the grain seeds to enter the screening stage in a more stable and uniform manner. The air sieve structure uses airflow to blow away lighter impurities during the falling grain seed process. The shaking screen structure uses reciprocating vibration to allow unqualified fragments or small particles to fall through the screen into the lower fragment bin, while qualified seeds continue to move along the screen surface and eventually fall into the discharge bin from the outlet. A scanning monitor is located at the rear of the shaking screen structure, enabling image acquisition and quality monitoring of the qualified seeds about to be discharged. This integrates screening and inspection, improving the automation level of seed screening and product quality.

[0006] Preferably, the shaking screen structure includes a shaking screen plate, a column fixedly mounted on the main base, a tail end of the shaking screen plate rotatably mounted on the column, a shaking screen motor fixedly mounted on the column at the head of the shaking screen plate, a turntable fixedly mounted on the drive end of the shaking screen motor, a connecting rod rotatably mounted on the turntable, and the other end of the connecting rod rotatably connected to the lower end of the shaking screen plate. A fine material inlet is provided on the shaking screen plate. After the shaking screen motor starts, it drives the connecting rod to perform circular motion through the turntable fixed to its drive end. Since the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the lower end of the shaking screen plate, and the tail end of the shaking screen plate rotates around the column as a fulcrum, this eccentric connecting rod mechanism efficiently converts the rotational motion of the motor into the reciprocating oscillation of the shaking screen plate. The grain seeds move forward on the shaking screen plate due to vibration. During this process, small pieces and small particles smaller than the fine material inlet will leak down from the fine material inlet, achieving preliminary size screening of the grain seeds. This mechanical structure is simple and reliable, has high driving efficiency, is easy to maintain, and can produce continuous and stable screening action.

[0007] Preferably, the rolling buffer structure includes a rolling drum, a mounting frame fixedly mounted on the main base, the rolling drum rotatably mounted within the mounting frame, a helical rib on the inner wall of the rolling drum, a rolling motor fixedly mounted on the mounting frame, a drive gear fixedly mounted on the drive end of the rolling motor, and a driven gear fixedly mounted on the rolling drum, the drive gear and the driven gear meshing together; the rolling motor precisely drives the rolling drum to rotate through the meshing of the drive gear and the driven gear. The grain seeds entering from the hopper fall into the rotating rolling drum, acting as a buffer to avoid the high-speed impact caused by free fall. The helical ribs on the inner wall of the rolling drum generate an axial thrust on the grain seeds as the drum rotates, guiding the grain seeds to move slowly and evenly from the input end to the output end. This design not only achieves buffering and flow stabilization but also ensures that the grain seeds can enter the subsequent air sieving and shaking sieving processes in a continuous and stable state, creating favorable conditions for improving screening accuracy and efficiency. The gear transmission method is stable and reliable, with a precise transmission ratio.

[0008] Preferably, a vertical material drop space is provided between the output end of the rolling buffer structure and the input end of the shaking screen structure, and the air-screen structure is located at this location. By providing a vertical material drop space between the output end of the rolling buffer structure and the input end of the shaking screen structure, an ideal area is provided for air-screening operations. After the grain seeds exit the rolling buffer structure, they fall vertically in this space in a relatively dispersed and uniform state. By placing the air-screen structure here, the airflow can pass laterally through the falling grain seed flow. Utilizing aerodynamic principles, it efficiently separates and blows away low-density, lightweight impurities from the plump, high-quality grain seeds, while the plump grain seeds continue to fall onto the shaking screen structure due to their own gravity. This layout makes full use of the material's falling process, has a compact structure, and maximizes the air-screening effect.

[0009] Preferably, the air-screen structure includes an air supply section and a dust collection section. The air supply section is fixedly installed below the rolling buffer structure, and the dust collection section is fixedly installed above the shaking screen structure. The outlet end of the air supply section faces the inlet end of the dust collection section. The air supply section and the dust collection section are located on opposite sides of the vertical material drop space. The air supply section generates a directional airflow that blows laterally across the falling grains; the dust collection section, on the opposite side, is responsible for collecting the light impurities blown by the airflow. The outlet end of the air supply section faces the inlet end of the dust collection section, forming a clear airflow channel, ensuring the effective range of the air force, and efficiently capturing the separated impurities to the dust collection section, avoiding secondary pollution caused by impurities flying around inside the equipment. This opposed structural design is clear and functional, ensuring the cleanliness and efficiency of the air separation process.

[0010] Preferably, the air supply unit includes an air supply box, which is fixedly installed on the upper wall of the main base. A guide pipe is provided at the output end of the air supply box, and a primary filter cartridge is fixedly installed at the output end of the guide pipe. The air supply box serves as a power source, with a built-in fan to generate a stable airflow. To concentrate the airflow and ensure more precise air direction, the output end of the air supply box is connected to the guide pipe, which converges and guides the airflow to the designated air-separation area. The primary filter cartridge at the end of the guide pipe performs preliminary filtration before the airflow is blown out, preventing larger particles from being sucked in and blown towards the grains, ensuring the cleanliness of the gas used for air separation, thus avoiding contamination of the grains and improving the hygiene standards of the screening operation.

[0011] Preferably, the dust collection unit includes a dust collection hood and a filter bag. The dust collection hood is fixedly installed above the main base and located above the shaking screen structure. The filter bag is disposed inside the dust collection hood, with the inlet end of the dust collection hood facing the outlet end of the air supply unit. The dust collection hood has a large opening as its inlet end, directly facing the airflow direction of the air supply unit, for effectively capturing light impurities blown in by the wind. The filter bag is disposed inside the dust collection hood. When the airflow containing impurities enters the dust collection hood, the gas can pass through the filter bag and be discharged, while lighter solid impurities such as dust and chaff are intercepted and collected by the filter bag. This design achieves gas-solid separation, effectively collecting impurities while ensuring the cleanliness of the discharged gas, facilitating centralized waste disposal, and maintaining a clean working environment.

[0012] Beneficial effects This invention provides an automatic grain seed screening and inspection device. It organically integrates multiple functions such as feeding, buffering and homogenizing, air separation, size screening, and online monitoring, achieving continuous automated operation from seed input to qualified product output. This greatly reduces manual intervention, lowers labor intensity, and significantly improves production efficiency. The device innovatively adopts a two-stage screening mode combining air sieving and shaking sieving. The air sieving structure, located in the vertical material drop space, effectively removes light impurities such as dust and shriveled grains using airflow. The shaking sieving structure further removes broken grains and small particles based on size differences. These two methods complement each other, significantly improving screening accuracy and the purity of the final grain seeds. The device incorporates a rolling buffer structure between the feeding hopper and the shaking sieving structure. The grain seeds first enter the rotating drum, where their rotation and internal spiral ribs buffer and slowly transport them, avoiding mechanical damage caused by direct impact of free fall on the screen, thus maximizing seed integrity and germination rate. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a front view cross-sectional structural diagram of an automatic grain seed screening and inspection device according to the present invention.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Main base; 2. Crushed material bin; 3. Discharge bin; 4. Feed hopper; 5. Scanning monitor; 6. Shaking screen plate; 7. Column; 8. Shaking screen motor; 9. Turntable; 10. Connecting rod; 11. Fine material inlet; 12. Rolling drum; 13. Mounting frame; 14. Spiral rib; 15. Rolling motor; 16. Drive gear; 17. Driven gear; 18. Air supply box; 19. Guide tube; 20. Primary filter cartridge; 21. Dust collection hood; 22. Filter bag; Detailed Implementation

[0015] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this utility model to achieve its intended purpose, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Detailed description follows.

[0016] Please see Figure 1 This utility model provides a technical solution: an automatic grain seed screening and inspection device, including a main base 1, a shaking screen structure installed on the upper wall of the main base 1, a crushing box 2 at the lower end of the shaking screen, a discharge box 3 at the lower end of the shaking screen structure, a rolling buffer structure installed on the main base 1 above the input end of the shaking screen structure, a feeding hopper 4 installed on the main base 1 at the input end of the rolling buffer structure, an air screen structure installed on the main base 1, and a scanning monitor 5 installed above the tail end of the shaking screen structure; the feeding hopper 4 facilitates the centralized addition of grain seeds. The rolling buffer structure can buffer and evenly transport the falling grain seeds, preventing damage from direct impact on the shaking screen structure, and allowing the grain seeds to enter the screening stage in a more stable and uniform state. The air screen structure can use airflow to blow away lighter impurities during the falling grain seed process. The shaking screen structure, through reciprocating vibration, allows substandard fragments or small particles to fall through the screen and into the fragment bin 2 below, while qualified seeds continue to move along the screen surface and eventually fall into the discharge bin 3 from the discharge end. A scanning monitor 5 is located at the tail end of the shaking screen structure, enabling image acquisition and quality monitoring of the qualified seeds about to be discharged. This integrates screening and inspection, improving the automation level of seed screening and product quality.

[0017] In this embodiment, the shaking screen structure includes a shaking screen plate 6, a column 7 is fixedly installed on the main base 1, the tail of the shaking screen plate 6 is rotatably installed on the column 7, a shaking screen motor 8 is fixedly installed on the column 7 located at the head of the shaking screen plate 6, a turntable 9 is fixedly installed on the drive end of the shaking screen motor 8, a connecting rod 10 is rotatably installed on the turntable 9, the other end of the connecting rod 10 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the shaking screen plate 6, and a fine material inlet 11 is opened on the shaking screen plate 6. After the shaking screen motor 8 is started, it drives the connecting rod 10 to make a circular motion through the turntable 9 fixed at its drive end. Since the other end of the connecting rod 10 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the shaking screen plate 6, and the tail of the shaking screen plate 6 rotates with the column 7 as the fulcrum, this eccentric connecting rod 10 mechanism efficiently converts the rotational motion of the motor into the reciprocating oscillation of the shaking screen plate 6. The grain seeds move forward on the vibrating sieve plate 6 due to vibration. During this process, small pieces and impurities smaller than the fine feed opening 11 will fall through the fine feed opening 11, achieving preliminary size screening of the grain seeds. This mechanical structure is simple and reliable, has high driving efficiency, is easy to maintain, and can produce continuous and stable screening action.

[0018] In this embodiment, the rolling buffer structure includes a rolling drum 12. A mounting frame 13 is fixedly installed on the main base 1. The rolling drum 12 is rotatably installed inside the mounting frame 13. The inner wall of the rolling drum 12 is provided with helical ribs 14. A rolling motor 15 is fixedly installed on the mounting frame 13. A drive gear 16 is fixedly installed on the drive end of the rolling motor 15. A driven gear 17 is fixedly installed on the rolling drum 12. The drive gear 16 and the driven gear 17 are meshed and connected. The rolling motor 15 precisely drives the rolling drum 12 to rotate through the meshing transmission of the drive gear 16 and the driven gear 17. The grain seeds entering from the feed hopper 4 fall into the rotating rolling drum 12, which plays a buffering role and avoids the high-speed impact of the grain seeds due to free fall. When the drum rotates, the helical ribs 14 on the inner wall of the rolling drum 12 will generate an axial thrust on the grain seeds, guiding the grain seeds to move slowly and evenly from the input end to the output end. This design not only achieves buffering and flow stabilization, but also ensures that the seeds can enter the subsequent air sieving and shaking sieving processes in a continuous and stable manner, creating favorable conditions for improving screening accuracy and efficiency. The gear transmission method is stable and reliable, with a precise transmission ratio.

[0019] This embodiment is further configured such that a vertical material drop space is provided between the output end of the rolling buffer structure and the input end of the shaking screen structure, and the air-screen structure is located there. By providing a vertical material drop space between the output end of the rolling buffer structure and the input end of the shaking screen structure, an ideal area is provided for air-screening operations. After the grain seeds exit the rolling buffer structure, they fall vertically in this space in a relatively dispersed and uniform state. By placing the air-screen structure here, the airflow can pass laterally through the falling grain seed flow. Utilizing aerodynamic principles, it efficiently separates and blows away low-density, lightweight impurities from the plump, high-quality grain seeds, while the plump grain seeds continue to fall onto the shaking screen structure due to their own gravity. This layout makes full use of the material's falling process, has a compact structure, and maximizes the air-screening effect.

[0020] This embodiment is further configured such that the air-screen structure includes an air supply section and a dust collection section. The air supply section is fixedly installed below the rolling buffer structure, and the dust collection section is fixedly installed above the shaking screen structure. The outlet end of the air supply section faces the input end of the dust collection section. The air supply section and the dust collection section are located on opposite sides of the vertical material drop space. The air supply section generates a directional airflow that blows laterally across the falling grain seeds; the dust collection section, on the opposite side, is responsible for collecting the light impurities blown by the airflow. The outlet end of the air supply section faces the input end of the dust collection section, forming a clear airflow channel, ensuring the effective range of the air force, and efficiently capturing the separated impurities to the dust collection section, avoiding secondary pollution caused by impurities flying around inside the equipment. This opposed structural design is clear and functional, ensuring the cleanliness and efficiency of the air separation process.

[0021] In this embodiment, the air supply unit includes an air supply box 18, which is fixedly installed on the upper wall of the main base 1. A guide pipe 19 is provided at the output end of the air supply box 18, and a primary filter cartridge 20 is fixedly installed at the output end of the guide pipe 19. The air supply box 18 serves as a power source, with a built-in fan to generate a stable airflow. To concentrate the airflow and ensure more precise air direction, the output end of the air supply box 18 is connected to the guide pipe 19, which converges and guides the airflow to the designated air-separation area. The primary filter cartridge 20 is located at the end of the guide pipe 19. Its main function is to perform preliminary filtration before the airflow is blown out, preventing larger particles from being sucked in and blown towards the grain seeds, ensuring the cleanliness of the gas used for air separation, thus avoiding contamination of the grain seeds and improving the hygiene standards of the screening operation.

[0022] In this embodiment, the dust collection unit includes a dust collection hood 21 and a filter bag 22. The dust collection hood 21 is fixedly installed above the main base 1, located above the shaking screen structure. The filter bag 22 is disposed inside the dust collection hood 21, with the input end of the dust collection hood 21 facing the output end of the air supply unit. The dust collection hood 21 has a large opening as its input end, directly facing the airflow direction of the air supply unit, for effectively capturing light impurities blown in by the wind. The filter bag 22 is disposed inside the dust collection hood 21. When the airflow containing impurities enters the dust collection hood 21, the gas can pass through the filter bag 22 and be discharged, while lighter solid impurities such as dust and chaff are intercepted and collected by the filter bag 22. This design achieves gas-solid separation, effectively collecting impurities while ensuring the cleanliness of the discharged gas, facilitating centralized waste disposal, and maintaining a clean working environment.

[0023] Its detailed connection methods are well-known technologies in this field; such as Figure 1 As shown, before starting the equipment, the entire machine is first inspected. Confirm that the main base 1 is stable and all components are tightly connected without looseness. Check that the crushing bin 2 and the discharge bin 3 are emptied and properly placed. Check that the filter bags 22 in the dust collection section are installed correctly and are clean. Confirm that the power connections of all motors and the air supply section of the air screen structure are normal and that all safety protection devices are complete. Connect the main power supply and start the rolling motor 15, the shaking screen motor 8, and the air supply section of the air screen structure sequentially or simultaneously via the control panel to put the equipment into standby mode. At this time, the rolling buffer structure begins to rotate, the shaking screen structure begins to oscillate back and forth, and a stable transverse airflow is generated in the air duct of the air screen structure. The grain seeds to be screened are poured into the equipment through the feeding hopper 4. The conical design of the feeding hopper 4 guides the grain seeds into the rolling buffer structure in an orderly manner. The grain seeds enter the rotating rolling drum 12. The rotation of the rolling drum 12 first buffers the falling grain seeds, avoiding impact damage. During rotation, the spiral ribs 14 on the inner wall of the cylinder slowly and evenly push the seeds from the input end to the output end. This process ensures that the feeding of subsequent processes is continuous and the flow rate is stable.

[0024] The buffered grains fall from the output end of the rolling buffer structure into the vertical drop space between it and the shaking screen structure. During this fall, a clean, directional airflow generated by the air supply unit blows laterally across the dispersed grains. Lightweight, low-density impurities are blown away from the plump grains by the airflow and carried into the dust collection section on the opposite side. The dust collection hood 21 captures these impurities along with the airflow, which is discharged through the filter bag 22, while the impurities are intercepted and collected inside the filter bag 22. The plump, heavier, high-quality grains continue to fall due to their own gravity, landing precisely at the input end of the shaking screen structure.

[0025] The grains falling onto the shaking screen plate 6 are moved forward by the reciprocating vibration of the shaking screen plate 6 under the action of the eccentric connecting rod 10 driven by the shaking screen motor 8. During this process, small pieces of material smaller than the fine material opening 11 on the shaking screen plate 6, unripe small particles, and some residual small impurities will leak down from the fine material opening 11 and fall into the crushed material box 2 below. The grains that are of the right size and plump cannot pass through the fine material opening 11; they will continue to move forward along the screen surface until they reach the end of the shaking screen structure.

[0026] Just before the qualified rice seeds are discharged from the tail end of the shaking screen structure, the scanning monitor 5 located above it performs real-time scanning and image acquisition. This monitoring data can be used for real-time quality analysis, counting, or judging the appearance indicators of the rice seeds such as color and plumpness, realizing synchronous inspection during the screening process. After all the above processes, the finally qualified rice seeds fall from the tail end of the shaking screen structure into the discharge box 3 below, awaiting collection and packaging.

[0027] After all grain seeds have been screened and inspected, shut down all power units via the control panel and finally disconnect the main power supply. Open the crushing bin 2 and the discharge bin 3 to process the crushed material and finished product respectively. Remove and clean the impurities from the filter bag 22 from the dust collection section. Clean the screen surface, rotating drum 12, and other key parts of the equipment to keep it clean for the next use.

[0028] It should be noted that in this paper, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0029] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic grain seed screening and inspection device, comprising a main base (1), characterized in that, A shaking screen structure is installed on the upper wall of the main base (1). A crushing box (2) is provided at the lower end of the shaking screen. A discharge box (3) is provided at the lower end of the shaking screen structure. A rolling buffer structure is installed on the main base (1) above the input end of the shaking screen structure. A feeding hopper (4) is provided on the main base (1) at the input end of the rolling buffer structure. An air screen structure is provided on the main base (1). A scanning monitor (5) is provided above the tail end of the shaking screen structure.

2. The automatic grain seed screening and testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shaking screen structure includes a shaking screen plate (6), a column (7) is fixedly installed on the main base (1), the tail of the shaking screen plate (6) is rotatably installed on the column (7), a shaking screen motor (8) is fixedly installed on the column (7) at the head of the shaking screen plate (6), a turntable (9) is fixedly installed on the drive end of the shaking screen motor (8), a connecting rod (10) is rotatably installed on the turntable (9), the other end of the connecting rod (10) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the shaking screen plate (6), and a fine material inlet (11) is opened on the shaking screen plate (6).

3. The automatic grain seed screening and testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rolling buffer structure includes a rolling cylinder (12), a mounting frame (13) is fixedly installed on the main base (1), the rolling cylinder (12) is rotatably installed in the mounting frame (13), the inner wall of the rolling cylinder (12) is provided with a spiral rib (14), a rolling motor (15) is fixedly installed on the mounting frame (13), a drive gear (16) is fixedly installed on the drive end of the rolling motor (15), a driven gear (17) is fixedly installed on the rolling cylinder (12), and the drive gear (16) and the driven gear (17) are meshed and connected.

4. The automatic grain seed screening and testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vertical material drop space is provided between the output end of the rolling buffer structure and the input end of the shaking screen structure, and the air screen structure is located there.

5. The automatic grain seed screening and testing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air screen structure includes an air supply section and a dust collection section. The air supply section is fixedly installed below the rolling buffer structure, and the dust collection section is fixedly installed above the shaking screen structure. The air outlet of the air supply section faces the input end of the dust collection section.

6. The automatic grain seed screening and testing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The air supply unit includes an air supply box (18), which is fixedly installed on the upper wall of the main base (1). A guide pipe (19) is provided at the output end of the air supply box (18), and a primary filter cartridge (20) is fixedly installed at the output end of the guide pipe (19).

7. The automatic grain seed screening and testing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dust collection unit includes a dust collection hood (21) and a filter bag (22). The dust collection hood (21) is fixedly installed above the main base (1) and is located above the shaking screen structure. The filter bag (22) is disposed inside the dust collection hood (21). The input end of the dust collection hood (21) faces the output end of the air supply unit.

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