A pressure vessel thick wall plate forming tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to pressure vessel production technical field, and disclose a kind of pressure vessel thick wall plate forming tool, including equipment box, the top of equipment box is provided with supporting table, and the bottom of supporting table is provided with buffer assembly.The pressure vessel thick wall plate forming tool supporting table bottom four rectangular symmetry settings articulated plate rotation drive articulated seat along fixed rod moves outward, extrudes first spring and forms transverse buffer, while supporting table drives movable rod along movable slot sliding, cooperate two symmetrically arranged damper and second spring and form longitudinal buffer, damper can slow down impact speed, multistage buffer structure effectively weakens the rigid impact caused by forming pressure, reduce the risk that thick wall plate is because stress concentration produces crack, guarantee forming quality, reduce the wear and tear of forming mould and equipment component simultaneously, prolong the service life of tool, reduce maintenance cost and production interruption risk, solve the problem of traditional tool rigid impact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pressure vessel manufacturing technology, specifically to a tooling for forming thick-walled plates for pressure vessels. Background Technology

[0002] Pressure vessels, as pressure-bearing equipment, are widely used in industries such as petroleum, chemical, and energy. Their safety and reliability are directly related to the stable operation of production. As a core component of pressure vessels, the forming quality of thick-walled plates has a decisive impact on key indicators such as the pressure-bearing capacity and fatigue resistance of the vessels. Therefore, during the forming process of thick-walled plates, it is necessary to strictly control the forming pressure, precision, and equipment stability.

[0003] The prior art patent document CN222094499U provides a forming tool for thick-walled plates of pressure vessels. This forming tool, by setting a fixing component, facilitates the replacement of different types of forming heads according to the forming requirements of thick-walled plates of pressure vessels, thereby forming thick-walled plates of different specifications, with a wider range of applications and stronger practicality.

[0004] While the existing forming fixture described above allows for easy replacement of different forming heads to meet the forming requirements of thick-walled pressure vessel plates, it lacks a buffer mechanism. During the forming process, the forming head continuously applies downward pressure, which can easily lead to excessive instantaneous force on the support platform, resulting in rigid impact. This can not only cause stress concentration and cracks in the forming area of ​​the thick-walled plate, affecting product quality, but also accelerate the wear of the forming mold and equipment components, shorten the service life of the fixture, and increase equipment maintenance costs and the risk of production interruption. Therefore, we need a forming fixture for thick-walled pressure vessel plates. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a forming fixture for thick-walled plates of pressure vessels, so as to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the lack of a buffer mechanism in the forming fixture affects product quality and shortens the service life of the fixture.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A pressure vessel thick-walled plate forming fixture includes an equipment box, a support platform is provided on the top of the equipment box, and a buffer assembly is provided at the bottom of the support platform; The buffer assembly includes a hinge plate hinged to the bottom of the support platform. A hinge seat is hinged to the bottom of the hinge plate, and a first spring is installed on one side of the hinge seat. A fixing rod passes through the inner wall of the first spring, and fixing blocks are fixedly connected to both ends of the fixing rod. A welding plate is welded to the bottom of the fixing block, and a movable groove is opened on the top of the welding plate. A movable rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the movable groove. A damper is installed on the top of the welding plate, and a second spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the damper.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the support platform is equipped with a molding mold adapted to the molding requirements of the thick-walled plate, the top of the equipment box is fixedly connected with a fixing frame for installing the drive component, and the top of the fixing frame is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder that provides molding pressure, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a molding head that cooperates with the molding mold.

[0008] Preferably, the hinge plate is connected between the support platform and the hinge seat, and the support platform drives the hinge seat to form a lateral movement structure through the rotation of the hinge plate. The number of hinge plates is four, and the four hinge plates are arranged in a rectangular symmetrical arrangement at the bottom of the support platform.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the fixing rod passes through the inner wall of both the first spring and the hinge seat, and the fixing block forms an elastic buffer structure with the hinge seat through the first spring. The first spring is elastically supported between the hinge seat and the fixing block, and when the support platform is pressed down, the hinge seat moves outward and squeezes the first spring to compress and store force.

[0010] Preferably, there are multiple movable rods, which correspond one-to-one with the number of movable slots. One end of each movable rod passes through the inner wall of the movable slot and is fixed to the bottom of the support platform. The bottom end of the movable rod is provided with a limiting protrusion, the diameter of which is larger than the opening width of the movable slot. The welding plate is fixedly welded inside the equipment box, and a space is left between the bottom of the welding plate and the inner wall of the equipment box for the movement of the buffer component.

[0011] Preferably, the damper is elastically supported between the support platform and the welding plate, and there are two dampers, which are symmetrically arranged about the vertical line of the support platform.

[0012] Preferably, a knob is installed on one side of the support platform, and a bidirectional lead screw is driven to one side of the knob. The outer surface of the bidirectional lead screw is symmetrically threaded with clamps, and the bottom of the clamps is slidably connected with a stabilizing rod that guides and stabilizes its movement. The two sides of the bidirectional lead screw have opposite thread directions, and there are two clamps. The stabilizing rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bidirectional lead screw with the vertical line of the clamps as the axis of symmetry.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: this pressure vessel thick-walled plate forming fixture, First, when the hydraulic cylinder drives the forming head to press down, the support platform sinks under pressure. The four rectangular symmetrically arranged hinge plates at the bottom rotate, causing the hinge seats to move outward along the fixed rod, compressing the first spring to form a lateral buffer. At the same time, the support platform drives the movable rod to slide along the movable groove, which, together with the two symmetrically arranged dampers and the second spring, forms a longitudinal buffer. The dampers can reduce the impact speed and prevent the second spring from rebounding too quickly. The multi-stage buffer structure effectively weakens the rigid impact brought by the forming pressure, reduces the risk of cracks in thick-walled plates due to stress concentration, ensures the forming quality, and at the same time reduces the wear of the forming mold and equipment parts, extends the service life of the tooling, reduces maintenance costs and the risk of production interruption, and solves the problem of rigid impact of traditional tooling.

[0014] Secondly, the rotating knob of this utility model drives the bidirectional lead screw to rotate, which in turn drives the two clamping plates to move synchronously in opposite directions along the stabilizing rod, thereby achieving rapid clamping of thick-walled plates of different widths. The stabilizing rod guides the movement of the clamping plates, preventing them from shifting and ensuring the positioning accuracy of the thick-walled plate within the forming mold. The symmetrically arranged clamping plates ensure uniform force on the thick-walled plate, preventing forming deviations caused by plate displacement during the forming process. It can adapt to thick-walled plates of different specifications without replacing the clamping components, thus expanding the applicability of the tooling and improving the positioning stability during the forming of thick-walled plates. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hinge plate and hinge seat structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support platform and welding plate structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional lead screw and clamping plate structure of this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Equipment box; 2. Support platform; 3. Buffer assembly; 301. Hinge plate; 302. Hinge seat; 303. First spring; 304. Fixing rod; 305. Fixing block; 306. Welding plate; 307. Movable groove; 308. Movable rod; 309. Damper; 310. Second spring; 311. Knob; 312. Two-way lead screw; 313. Clamping plate; 314. Stabilizing rod; 4. Forming mold; 5. Fixing frame; 6. Hydraulic cylinder; 7. Forming head. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A pressure vessel thick-walled plate forming fixture includes an equipment box 1, a support platform 2 is provided on the top of the equipment box 1, and a buffer assembly 3 is provided at the bottom of the support platform 2. The buffer assembly 3 includes a hinge plate 301 hinged to the bottom of the support platform 2. A hinge seat 302 is hinged to the bottom of the hinge plate 301, and a first spring 303 is installed on one side of the hinge seat 302. A fixing rod 304 passes through the inner wall of the first spring 303, and fixing blocks 305 are fixedly connected to both ends of the fixing rod 304. A welding plate 306 is welded to the bottom of the fixing block 305, and a movable groove 307 is opened on the top of the welding plate 306. A movable rod 308 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the movable groove 307. A damper 309 is installed on the top of the welding plate 306, and a second spring 310 is sleeved on the outer surface of the damper 309.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the buffer assembly 3 forms a transverse buffer unit with a hinge plate 301 and a first spring 303, and a longitudinal buffer unit with a damper 309, a second spring 310 and a movable rod 308. The two work together to convert the rigid impact during the molding process into elastic deformation and damping energy dissipation. The welding plate 306 serves as the load-bearing foundation of the buffer structure, providing a stable installation platform for each component. The cooperation between the movable groove 307 and the movable rod 308 ensures the stability of the longitudinal buffer. The overall structure solves the quality and life problems caused by the lack of buffer in traditional tooling, and realizes the flexible transmission of molding pressure. The elastic coefficients of the first spring 303 and the second spring 310 can be flexibly selected according to the molding pressure requirements of thick-walled plates, and the damping coefficient of the damper 309 can also be adjusted to adapt to different impact intensities.

[0020] Specifically, the top of the support platform 2 is equipped with a forming mold 4 that is adapted to the forming requirements of the thick-walled plate. The top of the equipment box 1 is fixedly connected with a mounting bracket 5 for installing the drive components. The top of the mounting bracket 5 is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder 6 that provides forming pressure. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is equipped with a forming head 7 that cooperates with the forming mold 4.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, the fixed frame 5 provides stable support for the hydraulic cylinder 6, ensuring the linearity of the molding pressure transmission. The molding pressure output by the hydraulic cylinder 6 is directly applied to the thick-walled plate and molding mold 4 on the support platform 2 through the molding head 7, realizing on-demand molding. The adaptable design of the molding mold 4 and the molding head 7 can be flexibly replaced according to the specifications of the thick-walled plate, taking into account both versatility and molding accuracy. The equipment box 1 integrates the load-bearing and buffering functions, improving the overall compactness of the tooling structure. The height of the fixed frame 5 can also be preset according to the stroke of the molding head 7, further optimizing the operation process.

[0022] Specifically, the hinge plate 301 is connected between the support platform 2 and the hinge seat 302, and the support platform 2 drives the hinge seat 302 to form a transverse moving structure through the rotation of the hinge plate 301. There are four hinge plates 301, and the four hinge plates 301 are arranged in a rectangular symmetrical arrangement at the bottom of the support platform 2.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, the pressure of the support platform 2 is evenly distributed and laterally buffered and guided. The four rectangular symmetrical hinge plates 301 can synchronously transmit the molding pressure borne by the support platform 2 to the lower hinge seat 302, avoiding local force concentration. The rotation of the hinge plate 301 converts the longitudinal sinking of the support platform 2 into the lateral movement of the hinge seat 302, providing a power transmission path for the compression buffer of the first spring 303. The symmetrical layout ensures that the support platform 2 remains horizontal during the buffering process, preventing the thick-walled plate from shifting during molding. Wear-resistant bushings can also be added at the hinge joints between the hinge plate 301 and the support platform 2 and the hinge seat 302 to extend the service life of the components.

[0024] Specifically, one end of the fixing rod 304 passes through the inner wall of both the first spring 303 and the hinge seat 302, and the fixing block 305 forms an elastic buffer structure with the first spring 303 and the hinge seat 302. The first spring 303 is elastically supported between the hinge seat 302 and the fixing block 305. When the support platform 2 is pressed down, the hinge seat 302 moves outward and squeezes the first spring 303 to compress and store force.

[0025] Through the above technical solution, the fixed rod 304 strictly limits the movement trajectory of the hinge seat 302 to prevent deviation and jamming during the lateral buffering process. The first spring 303 undergoes elastic deformation under the compression of the hinge seat 302, absorbing part of the molding impact energy. The fixed block 305 provides a stable support end point for the first spring 303. When the molding pressure is removed, the stored force rebound of the first spring 303 can drive the hinge seat 302 to reset, and then push the support platform 2 back to the initial position through the hinge plate 301, realizing the automatic reset of the tooling. The smooth surface treatment of the fixed rod 304 can also reduce the frictional resistance between it and the hinge seat 302, achieving precise control and reliable reset of the lateral buffering.

[0026] Specifically, there are multiple movable rods 308, which correspond one-to-one with the number of movable slots 307. One end of the movable rod 308 passes through the inner wall of the movable slot 307 and is fixed to the bottom of the support platform 2. The bottom end of the movable rod 308 is provided with a limiting protrusion. The diameter of the limiting protrusion is larger than the opening width of the movable slot 307. The welding plate 306 is fixedly welded to the inside of the equipment box 1, and there is space between the bottom of the welding plate 306 and the inner wall of the equipment box 1 for the movement of the buffer component.

[0027] Through the above technical solutions, the structural stability and operational safety of the longitudinal buffer are ensured. The one-to-one correspondence between the movable rod 308 and the movable groove 307 provides multi-point guidance for the longitudinal movement of the support platform 2, enhancing the stability of the support platform 2 during sinking and resetting. The limiting protrusion at the bottom of the movable rod 308 can effectively prevent it from detaching from the movable groove 307, avoiding the failure of the buffer structure. The space reserved at the bottom of the welding plate 306 provides sufficient operating margin for the lateral buffer components such as the hinge seat 302 and the first spring 303, ensuring that each buffer unit does not interfere with each other. A lubricating layer can also be provided on the inner wall of the movable groove 307 to improve the smoothness of the sliding of the movable rod 308.

[0028] Specifically, the damper 309 is elastically supported between the support platform 2 and the welding plate 306, and there are two dampers 309, which are symmetrically arranged about the vertical line of the support platform 2.

[0029] Through the above technical solution, the anti-rebound and stability control of the buffer process is achieved. The damper 309 uses its viscous characteristics to slow down the sinking speed of the support platform 2, avoids the rapid deformation of the second spring 310 under pressure, which would lead to increased impact, and at the same time suppresses the vibration amplitude when the second spring 309 rebounds, preventing the support platform 2 from bumping up and down. The two symmetrically arranged dampers 309 make the longitudinal force of the support platform 2 balanced, further ensuring the horizontal state of the thick-walled plate during the forming process and improving the forming accuracy.

[0030] Specifically, a knob 311 is installed on one side of the support platform 2, and a two-way lead screw 312 is connected to one side of the knob 311. A clamping plate 313 is symmetrically threaded on the outer surface of the two-way lead screw 312, and a stabilizing rod 314 that guides and stabilizes its movement is slidably connected to the bottom of the clamping plate 313. The threads on both sides of the two-way lead screw 312 have opposite directions, and there are two clamping plates 313. The stabilizing rods 314 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the two-way lead screw 312 with the vertical line of the clamping plate 313 as the axis of symmetry.

[0031] Through the above technical solution, an adjustable symmetrical clamping and positioning mechanism is constructed. Knob 311 provides operators with a convenient manual adjustment interface. Rotating knob 311 drives the bidirectional lead screw 312 to rotate. Utilizing the opposite thread directions on both sides of the bidirectional lead screw 312, the two clamping plates 313 are driven to move synchronously towards or away from each other along the stabilizing rod 314, realizing the rapid clamping and releasing of thick-walled plates of different widths. The symmetrical setting of the stabilizing rod 314 ensures the linearity of the movement trajectory of the clamping plates 313, avoiding deviation during clamping. The symmetrical clamping force aligns the center of the thick-walled plate with the center of the forming mold 4, ensuring the accuracy of the forming position. Anti-slip rubber pads can also be attached to the clamping surfaces of the clamping plates 313 to enhance the clamping stability of the thick-walled plates.

[0032] Working principle: When using this pressure vessel thick-walled plate forming fixture, select a suitable forming mold 4 and install it on the top of the support platform 2. Place the thick-walled plate inside the forming mold 4, rotate the knob 311 on one side of the support platform 2, and drive the double-acting screw 312 to rotate. The two clamping plates 313 connected by symmetrical threads on the outer surface of the double-acting screw 312 will move closer in opposite directions along the stabilizing rod 314 until the clamping plates 313 are tightly fitted with both sides of the thick-walled plate, completing the precise positioning of the thick-walled plate. Then, the forming operation is started and buffer protection is achieved. Control the hydraulic cylinder 6 to work, and its output end pushes the forming head 7 to move downward, applying forming pressure to the thick-walled plate. The support platform 2 sinks under the pressure, and the four rectangular symmetrically arranged hinge plates 301 at the bottom rotate accordingly, driving the hinge seat 302 to move outward along the fixed rod 304, compressing the first spring 303 to produce elastic deformation, forming a transverse... The cushioning mechanism works as follows: Simultaneously, the platform 2 drives the movable rod 308 to slide down synchronously along the movable groove 307 at the top of the welding plate 306, compressing two symmetrically arranged dampers 309 and the second spring 310. The dampers 309 slow down the sinking speed, preventing the second spring 310 from rebounding too quickly, thus creating a longitudinal buffer. After molding, the hydraulic cylinder 6 drives the molding head 7 to reset, the pressure on the platform 2 is released, and the first spring 303, having stored energy, rebounds, driving the hinge seat 302 to reset. The hinge plate 301 then pushes the platform 2 upwards. The second spring 310, in conjunction with the dampers 309, assists the platform 2 in smoothly returning to its initial position. The movable rod 308 resets synchronously along the movable groove 307, with its bottom limiting protrusion preventing detachment. The molded thick-walled plate is then removed, completing the entire process. Content not described in detail in this specification belongs to prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tooling for forming thick-walled plates for pressure vessels, comprising an equipment box (1), characterized in that: The top of the equipment box (1) is provided with a support platform (2), and the bottom of the support platform (2) is provided with a buffer component (3). The buffer assembly (3) includes a hinge plate (301) hinged to the bottom of the support platform (2). The bottom of the hinge plate (301) is hinged to a hinge seat (302), and a first spring (303) is installed on one side of the hinge seat (302). A fixing rod (304) passes through the inner wall of the first spring (303), and fixing blocks (305) are fixedly connected to both ends of the fixing rod (304). A welding plate (306) is welded to the bottom of the fixing block (305), and a movable groove (307) is opened on the top of the welding plate (306). A movable rod (308) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the movable groove (307). A damper (309) is installed on the top of the welding plate (306), and a second spring (310) is sleeved on the outer surface of the damper (309).

2. The pressure vessel thick-walled plate forming fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the support platform (2) is equipped with a molding mold (4) adapted to the molding requirements of the thick-walled plate. The top of the equipment box (1) is fixedly connected with a mounting bracket (5) for installing the drive component. The top of the mounting bracket (5) is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder (6) that provides molding pressure. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (6) is provided with a molding head (7) that cooperates with the molding mold (4).

3. The pressure vessel thick-walled plate forming fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hinge plate (301) is connected between the support platform (2) and the hinge seat (302). The support platform (2) drives the hinge seat (302) to form a transverse moving structure through the rotation of the hinge plate (301). There are four hinge plates (301), and the four hinge plates (301) are arranged in a rectangular symmetrical arrangement at the bottom of the support platform (2).

4. The pressure vessel thick-walled plate forming fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the fixing rod (304) passes through the inner wall of both the first spring (303) and the hinge seat (302). The fixing block (305) forms an elastic buffer structure with the hinge seat (302) through the first spring (303). The first spring (303) is elastically supported between the hinge seat (302) and the fixing block (305). When the support platform (2) is pressed down, the hinge seat (302) moves outward and squeezes the first spring (303) to compress and store force.

5. The pressure vessel thick-walled plate forming fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of movable rods (308) is multiple and corresponds one-to-one with the number of movable slots (307). One end of the movable rod (308) passes through the inner wall of the movable slot (307) and is fixed to the bottom of the support platform (2). The bottom end of the movable rod (308) is provided with a limiting protrusion. The diameter of the limiting protrusion is larger than the opening width of the movable slot (307). The welding plate (306) is fixedly welded to the inside of the equipment box (1). There is space between the bottom of the welding plate (306) and the inner wall of the equipment box (1) for the buffer component to move.

6. The pressure vessel thick-walled plate forming fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damper (309) is elastically supported between the support platform (2) and the welding plate (306), and there are two dampers (309). The two dampers (309) are symmetrically arranged about the vertical line of the support platform (2).

7. The pressure vessel thick-walled plate forming fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A knob (311) is installed on one side of the support platform (2), and a two-way lead screw (312) is connected to one side of the knob (311). The outer surface of the two-way lead screw (312) is symmetrically threaded with a clamping plate (313), and the bottom of the clamping plate (313) is slidably connected with a stabilizing rod (314) that guides and stabilizes its movement. The two sides of the two-way lead screw (312) have opposite threads, and there are two clamping plates (313). The stabilizing rods (314) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the two-way lead screw (312) with the vertical line of the clamping plate (313) as the axis of symmetry.

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