Positioning device and deep hole drilling processing platform with the positioning device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521769493.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-08-20
AI Technical Summary
[0004]上述定位导向装置虽然能够实现对工件的定位和固定，但是其结构较为复杂，且随着时间的推移，拉绳和弹簧会逐渐损耗，同时由于深孔钻加工的特性，在进行深孔钻加工时，拉绳受力较高，会导致定位出现偏差的情况发生
[0015]本实用新型的有益效果：本实用新型公开了一种定位装置，其包括随行板，从左至右水平安装在随行板上的V型架、自适应浮动机构和轴向定位工装，V型架和自适应浮动机构用于放置工件并定位，轴向定位工装用于工件的轴向固定；自适应浮动机构包括基座、弹性组件、导向组件和浮动块，基座的底部固定于随行板，基座开设有放置腔，弹性组件的一端固定于浮动块的底部，弹性组件的另一端设置于放置腔，基座对应导向组件开设有限制导向组件上下移动的导向孔，导向组件的顶部和浮动块固定连接，导向组件的底部滑动设置于导向孔。随行板用于安装V型架、自适应浮动机构和轴向定位工装，V型架、自适应浮动机构和轴向定位工装的距离和高度根据工件的形状和加工处中心点位置进行相应设置，通过随行板安装在深孔钻加工平台上，实现以扁面为特征配合定位的待加工工件的辅助定位，V型架用于待加工工件的一端稳固放置，自适应浮动机构用于放置待加工产品的特征扁面，在重力的作用下，自适应浮动机构向下压缩移动，同时对待加工工件进行调平和辅助定位，轴向定位工装不仅能够防止待加工工件朝向轴向定位工装向外滑出，还能够作为固定块使用，在待加工工件定位完成后，可以匹配机械推杆这类推动待加工工件的器械使用，使待加工工件的一端与轴向定位工装紧密接触，实现对待加工工件的轴向固定，基座用于安装连接的器件，弹性组件通过自身的形变，在待加工工件放置在浮动块上时，能够向下收缩，在向下收缩的过程中对待加工工件进行调平和定位，导向组件随弹性组件一起移动，提高浮动块上下移动过程中的平稳性能，浮动块用于承接待加工的工件。本实用新型还公开了一种深孔钻加工平台，能够方便对随行板的更换，实现对多品种以扁面为特征配合定位的待加工工件的快速换产，满足多样化产品的精密加工需求。
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Figure CN224808529U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of deep hole drilling technology, and in particular to a positioning device and a deep hole drilling platform with the positioning device. Background Technology
[0002] When machining workpieces with flat surfaces for positioning (e.g., the body of a medium-speed engine injector), manual deep hole drilling requires the operator to use a ruler to align the flat surface of the injector body to correct its circumferential orientation, and then use a clamping plate to press it down. This traditional manual positioning method is inefficient. With technological advancements, deep hole drilling has been upgraded to automated production. In automated production, the circumferential orientation of the product needs to be corrected and positioned by a robot. First, machine vision determines the flat surface characteristics of the product, then adjusts its circumferential orientation to the processing state. A robotic arm then grips the product and places it in the fixture. Due to mechanical errors and the secondary gripping process, there is a certain positional offset when the product is placed directly in the processing position after visual correction, which affects the accuracy of subsequent product processing.
[0003] Existing technology discloses a positioning and guiding device for a deep hole drilling machine, including a base plate, a fixed plate connected to the upper end of the base plate, two vertical plates symmetrically connected to the upper end of the base plate about the fixed plate, two springs symmetrically connected at the center of the upper end of the base plate, the other ends of the two springs being connected to a placement plate, two movable plates symmetrically slidably connected to the upper end of the base plate about the placement plate, and clamping plates connected to the side walls of the two movable plates facing each other. Two pulleys are symmetrically installed on the side wall of one side of the fixed plate, and pull ropes are installed on the pulleys. One end of the pull rope is connected to the movable plate, and the other end of the pull rope is connected to the placement plate. By setting up the interoperability of the base plate, fixed plate, vertical plates, springs, placement plate, movable plate, clamping plate, pulleys, and pull ropes, the workpiece can be automatically clamped and fixed.
[0004] Although the above-mentioned positioning and guiding device can achieve the positioning and fixing of the workpiece, its structure is relatively complex, and the pull rope and spring will gradually wear out over time. In addition, due to the characteristics of deep hole drilling, the pull rope is subjected to high force during deep hole drilling, which may lead to positioning deviation. Utility Model Content
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a positioning device and a deep hole drilling platform with the positioning device, which can achieve high-precision positioning of workpieces with flat surface as the feature of positioning.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, this utility model provides a positioning device, which includes a traveling plate, a V-shaped frame, an adaptive floating mechanism, and an axial positioning fixture horizontally mounted on the traveling plate from left to right. The V-shaped frame and the adaptive floating mechanism are used to place and position the workpiece, and the axial positioning fixture is used to fix the workpiece axially. The adaptive floating mechanism includes a base, an elastic component, a guide component, and a floating block. The bottom of the base is fixed to the traveling plate, and the base has a placement cavity. One end of the elastic component is fixed to the bottom of the floating block, and the other end of the elastic component is disposed in the placement cavity. The base has a guide hole corresponding to the guide component to restrict the up and down movement of the guide component. The top of the guide component is fixedly connected to the floating block, and the bottom of the guide component is slidably disposed in the guide hole.
[0007] Furthermore, the number of guide components is two, and the two guide components are located on both sides of the elastic component.
[0008] Furthermore, the elastic component includes a spring and a limiting post. The limiting post is fixed to the bottom of the floating block, one end of the spring is located inside the placement cavity, and the other end of the spring is sleeved on the limiting post and abuts against the bottom of the floating block.
[0009] Furthermore, the guide assembly includes a guide shaft and a fixing screw, wherein the guide shaft is fixed to the floating block by the fixing screw.
[0010] Furthermore, the guide shaft includes a first column and a second column that are coaxially and integrally formed. The top of the first column is fixed to the floating block, and the second column is disposed in the guide hole and can move up and down in the guide hole. The diameter of the first column is smaller than the diameter of the guide hole receiving opening, and the diameter of the second column is larger than the diameter of the guide hole receiving opening.
[0011] Furthermore, hanging rings are provided at the diagonal points on both sides of the accompanying plate.
[0012] Furthermore, the height of the V-shaped frame and the adaptive floating mechanism is lower than the height of the axial positioning fixture.
[0013] Secondly, this utility model provides a deep hole drilling platform, which includes the positioning device provided in the first aspect above, and also includes a base plate, wherein the traveling plate is threadedly fixed to the base plate.
[0014] Furthermore, the accompanying plate is threadedly fixed to the base plate by a positioning cone sleeve.
[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model discloses a positioning device, which includes a traveling plate, a V-shaped frame, an adaptive floating mechanism, and an axial positioning fixture horizontally mounted on the traveling plate from left to right. The V-shaped frame and the adaptive floating mechanism are used to place and position the workpiece, and the axial positioning fixture is used to fix the workpiece axially. The adaptive floating mechanism includes a base, an elastic component, a guide component, and a floating block. The bottom of the base is fixed to the traveling plate, and the base has a placement cavity. One end of the elastic component is fixed to the bottom of the floating block, and the other end of the elastic component is disposed in the placement cavity. The base has a guide hole corresponding to the guide component to restrict the up and down movement of the guide component. The top of the guide component is fixedly connected to the floating block, and the bottom of the guide component is slidably disposed in the guide hole. The traveling plate is used to mount the V-block, adaptive floating mechanism, and axial positioning fixture. The distance and height of the V-block, adaptive floating mechanism, and axial positioning fixture are set according to the shape of the workpiece and the center point of the machining area. Mounted on a deep hole drilling platform, the traveling plate provides auxiliary positioning for the workpiece, which uses its flat surface as a feature for positioning. The V-block securely holds one end of the workpiece, and the adaptive floating mechanism holds the flat surface of the workpiece. Under gravity, the adaptive floating mechanism compresses and moves downwards, simultaneously leveling and assisting in positioning the workpiece. The axial positioning fixture not only prevents the workpiece from being machined... The workpiece slides outward toward the axial positioning fixture and can also be used as a fixing block. After the workpiece is positioned, it can be matched with a mechanical push rod or similar device to push the workpiece, ensuring that one end of the workpiece is in close contact with the axial positioning fixture, thus achieving axial fixation of the workpiece. The base is used to install connecting devices. The elastic component, through its own deformation, can retract downward when the workpiece is placed on the floating block. During the downward retraction process, the workpiece is leveled and positioned. The guide component moves with the elastic component, improving the stability of the floating block during its up-and-down movement. The floating block is used to support the workpiece to be processed. This utility model also discloses a deep hole drilling platform, which facilitates the replacement of the traveling plate, enabling rapid changeover of various types of workpieces with flat surfaces for positioning, meeting the precision machining needs of diverse products. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning device of this utility model; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the positioning device of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive floating mechanism of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the base of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate and positioning cone sleeve of this utility model.
[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Traveling plate, 11-Lifting ring, 2-V-shaped frame, 3-Adaptive floating mechanism, 31-Base, 32-Elastic component, 321-Spring, 322-Limiting post, 33-Guide component, 331-Guide shaft, 3311-First column, 3312-Second column, 332-Fixing screw, 34-Floating block, 35-Placement cavity, 36-Guide hole, 361-Guide hole receiving opening, 4-Axial positioning fixture, 5-Base plate, 6-Positioning cone sleeve. Detailed Implementation
[0018] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
[0019] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also mean including the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.
[0020] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.
[0021] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "over," etc. The meaning of such spatial relative terms includes different orientations of the device in use or operation, in addition to the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, then an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text will be interpreted accordingly.
[0022] Example 1: like Figures 1-4As shown, the positioning device provided by this utility model includes a traveling plate 1, a V-shaped frame 2, an adaptive floating mechanism 3, and an axial positioning fixture 4 horizontally mounted on the traveling plate 1 from left to right. The V-shaped frame 2 and the adaptive floating mechanism 3 are used to place and position the workpiece, and the axial positioning fixture 4 is used to fix the workpiece axially. The adaptive floating mechanism 3 includes a base 31, an elastic component 32, a guide component 33, and a floating block 34. The bottom of the base 31 is fixed to the traveling plate 1, and the base 31 has a placement cavity 35. One end of the elastic component 32 is fixed to the bottom of the floating block 34, and the other end of the elastic component 32 is disposed in the placement cavity 35. The base 31 has a guide hole 36 corresponding to the guide component 33 to restrict the up and down movement of the guide component 33. The top of the guide component 33 is fixedly connected to the floating block 34, and the bottom of the guide component 33 is slidably disposed in the guide hole 36. In actual use, the traveling plate 1 is used to mount the V-block 2, the adaptive floating mechanism 3, and the axial positioning fixture 4. The distance and height of the V-block 2, the adaptive floating mechanism 3, and the axial positioning fixture 4 are set according to the shape of the workpiece and the center point position of the machining area. Mounted on a deep hole drilling platform by the traveling plate 1, it provides auxiliary positioning for the workpiece, which uses its flat surface as a feature for positioning. The V-block 2 is used for the stable placement of the workpiece and also connects to the pressure rod used in subsequent deep hole drilling operations to longitudinally fix the workpiece. The adaptive floating mechanism 3 is used to hold the flat surface of the workpiece. Under the action of gravity, the adaptive floating mechanism 3 compresses and moves downwards, simultaneously leveling and assisting in the positioning of the workpiece. The axial positioning fixture 4 not only prevents the workpiece to be processed from sliding outward toward the axial positioning fixture 4, but also serves as a fixing block. After the workpiece to be processed is positioned, it can be matched with a mechanical push rod or similar device to push the workpiece to be processed, so that one end of the workpiece to be processed is in close contact with the axial positioning fixture 4, thereby achieving axial fixation of the workpiece to be processed. The base 31 is used to install the connecting devices. The elastic component 32 can retract downward when the workpiece to be processed is placed on the floating block 34 through its own deformation. During the downward retraction process, the workpiece to be processed is leveled and positioned. The guide component 33 moves together with the elastic component 32, improving the stability of the floating block 34 during its up-and-down movement. The floating block 34 is used to support the workpiece to be processed.
[0023] The workpiece's feature flat surface rests on the adaptive floating mechanism 3. The V-frame 2 serves as the main support for the workpiece. By setting the adaptive floating mechanism 3, the workpiece can move downwards with the adaptive floating mechanism 3 while its feature flat surface is leveled. Compared to the case without the adaptive floating mechanism 3, where the workpiece is placed directly on the V-frame 2, the feature flat surface of the workpiece may not be horizontal. Subsequent downward pressing and fixing operations would result in larger processing errors. With the adaptive floating mechanism 3, the workpiece can be leveled and assisted in positioning during the downward compression process. If only fixed blocks that cannot float up and down are used to level the feature flat surface of the workpiece, it cannot meet the needs of multiple products. It is necessary to set corresponding fixed blocks for each product and adjust the V-frame at the same time, which is cumbersome and inconvenient to use.
[0024] In this embodiment, there are two guide components 33, which are located on both sides of the elastic component 32. In actual use, the guide components 33 move up and down with the elastic component 32. By placing the guide components 33 on both sides of the elastic component 32, the floating block 34 can move up and down more smoothly.
[0025] In this embodiment, the elastic component 32 includes a spring 321 and a limiting post 322. The limiting post 322 is fixed to the bottom of the floating block 34. One end of the spring 321 is located inside the placement cavity 35, and the other end of the spring 321 is sleeved on the limiting post 322 and abuts against the bottom of the floating block 34. In actual use, the spring 321 is placed inside the placement cavity 35, and the limiting post 322 is used to limit the spring 321 to prevent it from sliding out of the placement cavity 35. At the same time, the limiting post 322 guides the spring 321 to move up and down, keeping the floating block 34 stable during the up and down movement. The limiting post 322 can penetrate deep into the placement cavity 35, but when the spring 321 retracts downward to its limit, the limiting post 322 will not contact the bottom of the placement cavity 35. The spring 321 achieves the positioning of the workpiece to be processed placed on the floating block 34 through its own elastic deformation.
[0026] In this embodiment, the limiting post 322 is used to guide the extension and retraction of the spring 321 and prevent the spring 321 from sliding out. In actual use, the limiting post 322 guides the spring 321 to move up and down, keeping the floating block 34 stable during the up and down movement. The limiting post 322 can penetrate deep into the placement cavity 35, but when the spring 321 retracts downward to its limit, the limiting post 322 will not contact the bottom of the placement cavity 35. This will not affect the normal operation of the spring 321, and at the same time, it can restrict the spring 321 to prevent it from sliding out and causing the adaptive floating mechanism 3 to fail.
[0027] In this embodiment, the guide assembly 33 includes a guide shaft 331 and a fixing screw 332. The guide shaft 331 is fixed to the floating block 34 by the fixing screw 332. In actual use, the guide shaft 331 is used to connect the base 31 and the floating block 34. By drilling holes at corresponding positions on the floating block 34 and the base 31, and using the fixing screw 332, the base 31 and the floating block 34 are connected, thereby limiting the elastic component 32, preventing the elastic component 32 from falling off, and moving up and down with the elastic component 32, causing the floating block 34 to move up and down more smoothly, thus improving the positioning accuracy.
[0028] In this embodiment, the guide shaft 331 includes a first column 3311 and a second column 3312 that are coaxially and integrally formed. The top of the first column 3311 is fixed to the floating block 34. The second column 3312 is disposed in the guide hole 36 and can move up and down in the guide hole 36. The diameter of the first column 3311 is smaller than the diameter of the guide hole receiving opening 361, and the diameter of the second column 3312 is larger than the diameter of the guide hole receiving opening 361. In actual use, the second pillar 3312 is located inside the guide hole 36 of the base 31. The height of the second pillar 3312 is lower than the height of the guide hole 36. When the second pillar 3312 contacts the bottom of the guide hole 36, the elastic component 32 contracts downward to the extreme. When the second pillar 3312 contacts the guide hole receiving opening 361, the elastic component 32 extends upward to the extreme. The diameter of the first pillar 3311 is smaller than the diameter at the guide hole receiving opening 361, and the first pillar 3311 can freely pass through the guide hole 36. The diameter of the second pillar 3312 is larger than the diameter at the guide hole receiving opening 361, and the second pillar 3312 can only move up and down within the guide hole 36.
[0029] In this embodiment, hanging rings 11 are provided at opposite corners on both sides of the accompanying board 1. In actual use, the hanging rings 11 facilitate the staff to pick up and replace the accompanying board 1.
[0030] In this embodiment, the height of the V-shaped bracket 2 and the adaptive floating mechanism 3 is lower than the height of the axial positioning fixture 4. In actual use, both the V-shaped bracket 2 and the adaptive floating mechanism 3 are used to place the workpiece to be processed. The height of the axial positioning fixture 4 is higher than the height of the V-shaped bracket 2 and the adaptive floating mechanism 3. This not only prevents the workpiece to be processed from sliding outward toward the axial positioning fixture 4, but also serves as a fixing block. After the workpiece to be processed is positioned, it can be matched with a mechanical push rod to achieve axial fixation of the workpiece to be processed.
[0031] Example 2: like Figure 5As shown, based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a deep hole drilling platform, which includes a base plate 5, and the accompanying plate 1 is threadedly fixed to the base plate 5. In actual use, the accompanying plate 1 is mounted on the base plate 5. The accompanying plate 1 and the base plate 5 adopt a quick-release structure, which facilitates the replacement of the accompanying plate 1, realizes rapid production changeover for various types of workpieces with flat surfaces as the feature of mating and positioning, and meets the precision machining needs of diverse products.
[0032] In this embodiment, a positioning cone sleeve 6 is also included, and the accompanying plate 1 is threadedly fixed to the base plate 5 through the positioning cone sleeve 6. In actual use, the positioning cone sleeve 6 allows for manual positioning and installation, which can better facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the accompanying plate 1, enabling rapid production changeover for various types of medium-speed engine injector bodies that are characterized by flat surfaces and are positioned together.
[0033] All technical features in this embodiment can be freely combined according to actual needs. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model. Technologies, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in this utility model are all known technologies.
[0034] The above embodiments are preferred implementations of this utility model. In addition, other implementations are also included. Any obvious substitutions without departing from the concept of this technical solution are within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A positioning device, characterized in that: The device includes a traveling plate (1), a V-shaped frame (2), an adaptive floating mechanism (3), and an axial positioning fixture (4) horizontally mounted on the traveling plate (1) from left to right. The V-shaped frame (2) and the adaptive floating mechanism (3) are used to place and position the workpiece, and the axial positioning fixture (4) is used to fix the workpiece axially. The adaptive floating mechanism (3) includes a base (31), an elastic component (32), a guide component (33), and a floating block (34). The bottom of the base (31) is fixed to the traveling plate (1), and the base (31) has a placement cavity (35). One end of the elastic component (32) is fixed to the bottom of the floating block (34), and the other end of the elastic component (32) is set in the placement cavity (35). The base (31) has a guide hole (36) corresponding to the guide component (33) to restrict the up and down movement of the guide component (33). The top of the guide component (33) is fixedly connected to the floating block (34), and the bottom of the guide component (33) is slidably set in the guide hole (36).
2. The positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of guide components (33) is two, and the two guide components (33) are located on both sides of the elastic component (32).
3. The positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component (32) includes a spring (321) and a limiting post (322). The limiting post (322) is fixed to the bottom of the floating block (34). One end of the spring (321) is located in the placement cavity (35), and the other end of the spring (321) is sleeved on the limiting post (322) and abuts against the bottom of the floating block (34).
4. A positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide assembly (33) includes a guide shaft (331) and a fixing screw (332), wherein the guide shaft (331) is fixed to the floating block (34) by the fixing screw (332).
5. A positioning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide shaft (331) includes a first column (3311) and a second column (3312) that are coaxial and integrally formed. The top of the first column (3311) is fixed to the floating block (34). The second column (3312) is located in the guide hole (36) and can move up and down in the guide hole (36). The diameter of the first column (3311) is smaller than the diameter at the guide hole receiving opening (361), and the diameter of the second column (3312) is larger than the diameter at the guide hole receiving opening (361).
6. A positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The accompanying plate (1) is provided with hanging rings (11) at the two diagonal corners.
7. A positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the V-shaped frame (2) and the adaptive floating mechanism (3) is lower than the height of the axial positioning fixture (4).
8. A deep hole drilling platform, characterized in that: The device includes the positioning device as described in any one of claims 1-7, and also includes a base plate (5), wherein the accompanying plate (1) is threadedly fixed to the base plate (5).
9. A deep hole drilling platform according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a positioning cone sleeve (6), and the accompanying plate (1) is threadedly fixed to the base plate (5) by the positioning cone sleeve (6).