Screw locking mechanism and automatic screwing apparatus

Abstract

This utility model discloses a screw fastening mechanism and an automatic screw tightening device, relating to the field of machining technology. The screw fastening mechanism includes a frame, a fastening electric screwdriver, a blower pipe, and a feeding assembly. The fastening electric screwdriver is mounted on the frame. The blower pipe has an internal conveying channel for conveying screws. The feeding assembly includes a receiving plate, a transverse drive, and a negative pressure component. The receiving plate is movably mounted on the frame and has a bearing surface with a receiving hole. The transverse drive is connected to the receiving plate and drives the receiving plate to move between a receiving position and a feeding position. The negative pressure component is used to attract screws located in the receiving hole. At the receiving position, the receiving hole corresponds to the outlet end of the blower pipe, so that the screws conveyed by the blower pipe can fall into the receiving hole. This utility model aims to solve the problem in the prior art where the adhesive layer of glued screws is easily scratched and glue debris scatters and causes pollution during conveying.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a screw fastening mechanism and an automatic screw tightening device. Background Technology

[0002] In automated production in industries such as machinery, electronics, and electrical appliances, screw fastening is a critical process. To improve anti-loosening performance, the use of screws coated with screwdriver adhesive is increasing. Current mechanisms mostly employ a track-based sorting system with vacuum coaxial suction, where the screw is transferred through an open track and then directly sucked onto the screwdriver bit. This method is prone to scratching the adhesive layer during the feeding stage, and scattered adhesive residue can contaminate the product, thus limiting both reliability and cleanliness. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of this utility model is to propose a screw fastening mechanism and an automatic screw tightening device, which aims to solve the problem that the adhesive layer of the screw with adhesive is easily scratched and adhesive debris is scattered during the transportation process, causing pollution.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the screw fastening mechanism proposed in this utility model includes:

[0005] frame;

[0006] A locking electric screwdriver, wherein the locking electric screwdriver is mounted on the frame;

[0007] A blow pipe, wherein a conveying channel is formed inside the blow pipe for conveying screws; and

[0008] The feeding assembly includes a receiving plate, a transverse drive, and a negative pressure component. The receiving plate is movably mounted on the frame and has a bearing surface with a receiving hole. The transverse drive is connected to the receiving plate and drives the receiving plate to move between a receiving position and a feeding position. The negative pressure component has a negative pressure tube communicating with the receiving hole and is used to attract screws located in the receiving hole.

[0009] In the receiving position, the receiving hole is correspondingly set to the discharge end of the blowing pipe so that the screw conveyed by the blowing pipe can fall into the receiving hole; in the feeding position, the receiving hole of the receiving plate is located below the suction head of the locking electric screwdriver.

[0010] In one embodiment, the feeding assembly further includes an adapter sleeve connected between the discharge end of the blowing pipe and the receiving plate. A transition channel is formed inside the adapter sleeve. One end of the transition channel is connected to the conveying channel of the blowing pipe, and the other end is connected to the receiving hole when the receiving plate is in the receiving position.

[0011] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the transition channel of the adapter sleeve is provided with an arc-shaped guide surface. The arc-shaped guide surface smoothly transitions from one end of the adapter sleeve near the blowing pipe to the other end near the receiving plate, which is used to guide the screw to fall smoothly from the blowing pipe into the receiving hole.

[0012] In one embodiment, the negative pressure component further includes a transverse negative pressure gauge, which is connected to the negative pressure tube and is used to detect the negative pressure value inside the negative pressure tube.

[0013] In one embodiment, the negative pressure component further includes a filter connected in series in the negative pressure pipe and located between the transverse negative pressure gauge and the receiving hole, for filtering colloidal debris in the airflow within the negative pressure pipe.

[0014] In one embodiment, the lateral movement drive is a lateral movement cylinder, the cylinder body of the lateral movement cylinder is fixed to the frame, and the piston rod of the lateral movement cylinder is fixedly connected to the receiving plate.

[0015] In one embodiment, the screw fastening mechanism further includes a linear guide rail disposed on the frame;

[0016] The bottom of the receiving plate is provided with a sliding block adapted to the linear guide rail. The sliding block is sleeved on the linear guide rail and slidably connected to the linear guide rail.

[0017] In one embodiment, the screw fastening mechanism further includes:

[0018] The fixing frame and the fixing frame are mounted on the frame; and

[0019] A lifting drive unit is fixed to a fixed frame, and the output end of the lifting drive unit is fixedly connected to the locking electric screwdriver, which is used to drive the locking electric screwdriver to move closer to or away from the receiving plate at the feeding position in the vertical direction.

[0020] In one embodiment, the receiving plate is provided with a sealing element around the receiving hole on the bearing surface, and the sealing element is in contact with the lower end face of the screw head when subjected to negative pressure adsorption.

[0021] This utility model also provides an automatic screw tightening device, including the screw fastening mechanism as described above.

[0022] The screw fastening mechanism provided by this utility model solves the problems of easily scratched adhesive layers, adhesive residue contamination of products, and insufficient reliability and cleanliness of adhesive screws during the feeding stage by adopting a combination structure of closed conveying through a blower pipe, negative pressure positioning of a receiving plate, and lateral drive transfer. Specifically, this utility model uses a closed conveying channel inside the blower pipe to convey adhesive screws; when the screw is conveyed to the outlet end of the blower pipe, the receiving plate at the receiving position receives the screw through the receiving hole on its bearing surface, while the negative pressure pipe of the negative pressure component provides negative pressure to the receiving hole, stably adsorbing the screw in the receiving hole and preventing excessive friction between the adhesive layer and the hole wall caused by screw shaking; subsequently, the lateral drive component drives the receiving plate to move from the receiving position to the feeding position, so that the receiving hole is accurately positioned below the screw fastening electric screwdriver suction head, completing the screw transfer. In this way, the closed conveying channel of the blowing pipe reduces the contact friction between the glued screws and the outside environment, reducing the risk of the glue layer being scratched; the combination of the receiving hole and negative pressure adsorption ensures the stability of the screws during the transfer process, preventing the glue layer from falling off due to shaking and collision; the smooth transfer driven by lateral movement further reduces the relative movement between the screws and other components, reducing the amount of glue debris generated; at the same time, the combination of closed conveying and negative pressure adsorption reduces the possibility of glue debris scattering and contaminating the product, significantly improving the reliability of the glued screw fastening process and the cleanliness of the production environment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of this utility model.

[0025] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0026] 100. Screw fastening mechanism; 1. Fixing frame; 2. Lifting drive component; 3. Fastening electric screwdriver; 4. Blowing pipe; 5. Feeding assembly; 51. Receiving plate; 52. Negative pressure component; 521. Negative pressure pipe; 522. Horizontal movement negative pressure gauge; 523. Horizontal movement drive component; 53. Adapter sleeve.

[0027] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0029] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0030] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0031] To solve the above problems, this utility model proposes a screw fastening mechanism 100. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment provided by this utility model.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 This utility model proposes a screw fastening mechanism 100, comprising:

[0033] frame;

[0034] A locking electric screwdriver 3 is mounted on the frame;

[0035] The blow pipe 4 has a conveying channel formed inside for conveying screws; and

[0036] The feeding assembly 5 includes a receiving plate 51, a transverse drive 523, and a negative pressure component 52. The receiving plate 51 is movably mounted on the frame and has a bearing surface with a receiving hole. The transverse drive 523 is connected to the receiving plate 51 and drives the receiving plate 51 to move between a receiving position and a feeding position. The negative pressure pipe 521 of the negative pressure component 52 communicates with the receiving hole and is used to attract screws located in the receiving hole.

[0037] In the receiving position, the receiving hole is correspondingly set to the discharge end of the blowing pipe 4 so that the screw conveyed by the blowing pipe 4 can fall into the receiving hole; in the feeding position, the receiving hole of the receiving plate 51 is located below the suction head of the locking electric screwdriver 3.

[0038] It should be noted that the frame, as the mounting base of the entire mechanism, is used to support all components such as the locking electric screwdriver 3, the blowing pipe 4, and the feeding assembly 5. Its material can be high-strength aluminum alloy or steel, possessing sufficient structural rigidity to ensure the relative stability of each component. The specific shape of the frame can be designed according to actual installation requirements, typically including a horizontal mounting plate, vertical support columns, and connecting seats for fixing each component. The connecting seats can be equipped with screw holes or slots to secure other components using bolts or clips.

[0039] The screw fastening electric screwdriver 3 is the core actuator for fastening screws. It is fixed to the vertical support column or adjustable bracket of the frame, and its position corresponds to the feeding position of the feeding assembly 5. The lower end of the screw fastening electric screwdriver 3 has a suction head, which is typically made of wear-resistant plastic or rubber (such as silicone). The suction head has internal grooves (such as Phillips head grooves or hexagonal head grooves) adapted to the screw head and is connected to an external negative pressure source. It can attract screws transferred from the receiving hole through negative pressure. The screwdriver body has a rotary drive function, which allows it to screw the screw into the workpiece after attracting it, and its output torque can be adjusted according to the screw size.

[0040] The blowing pipe 4 is used to convey screws from the feeding device (such as a screw vibratory feeder) to the receiving plate 51. Its material can be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or nylon with a smooth inner wall to reduce friction between the screw and the pipe wall during conveying. The inside of the blowing pipe 4 forms a continuous conveying channel. The cross-sectional shape of the channel is adapted to the shape of the screw, usually circular, with a diameter slightly larger than the maximum outer diameter of the screw, ensuring smooth sliding along the channel. One end of the blowing pipe 4 is connected to the feeding device, and the other end is the discharge end. The discharge end can be designed with a downward-sloping structure, such as a 45° bevel, to facilitate accurate screw placement into the receiving hole. Compressed air can be introduced into the conveying channel, and the airflow pushes the screw towards the discharge end, achieving contactless conveying.

[0041] The receiving plate 51 is a key component for receiving and transferring screws. It is movably mounted on a horizontal mounting plate of the frame, with its bearing surface being a horizontal plane. The shape of the receiving hole is adapted to the screw (e.g., a circular through hole). The inner wall of the hole can be designed as a smooth curved surface or have rounded corners to prevent the surface adhesive layer from being scratched when the screw falls in. The depth of the receiving hole can be slightly greater than, slightly less than, or equal to the screw length.

[0042] The transverse drive 523 is used to drive the receiving plate 51 to reciprocate between the receiving position and the feeding position. It can be a cylinder, an electric cylinder, or a linear motor, with a cylinder being the preferred option (simple structure and rapid response). The cylinder body is fixed to the frame, and the piston rod is connected to the side or bottom of the receiving plate 51 through a connecting block. The connecting block and the receiving plate 51 can be detachably connected by bolts for easy maintenance and replacement. The transverse drive 523 moves in a horizontal straight line, and its stroke is designed according to the distance between the receiving position and the feeding position to ensure that the receiving plate 51 can accurately stop at the two positions.

[0043] The negative pressure component 52 is used to adsorb screws in the receiving hole through negative pressure, preventing them from falling off or shaking during transfer. The negative pressure component 52 typically includes a negative pressure tube 521 and a negative pressure source (such as a vacuum pump or negative pressure generator). The negative pressure tube 521 is a flexible hose, with one end connected to the negative pressure source and the other end connected to the receiving hole through an interface at the bottom of the receiving plate 51 (the interface and the receiving hole are coaxial). The diameter of the negative pressure tube 521 is designed according to the required negative pressure intensity to ensure sufficient adsorption force to fix the screws while preventing screw deformation due to excessive negative pressure. The negative pressure component 52 can be used in conjunction with a control valve. During receiving, the negative pressure is activated to adsorb the screws; at the feeding position, the screws are adsorbed by the suction head of the electric screwdriver 3, and then the negative pressure is deactivated, achieving a smooth transfer of the screws.

[0044] The screw fastening mechanism 100 provided by this utility model solves the problems of easy scratching of the adhesive layer, adhesive residue contamination of the product, and insufficient reliability and cleanliness of the screws during the feeding stage by adopting a combination structure of closed conveying through the blowing pipe 4, negative pressure positioning of the receiving plate 51, and lateral drive transfer. Specifically, this utility model uses the conveying channel inside the blowing pipe 4 to conduct closed conveying of the screws with adhesive. When the screw is conveyed to the discharge end of the blowing pipe 4, the receiving plate 51, which is in the receiving position, receives the screw through the receiving hole on its bearing surface. At the same time, the negative pressure pipe 521 of the negative pressure component 52 provides negative pressure to the receiving hole, stably adsorbing the screw in the receiving hole and preventing the screw from shaking and causing excessive friction between the adhesive layer and the hole wall. Subsequently, the lateral drive component 523 drives the receiving plate 51 to move from the receiving position to the feeding position, so that the receiving hole is accurately located below the suction head of the fastening electric screwdriver 3, completing the transfer of the screw. Thus, the enclosed conveying channel of the blowing pipe 4 reduces the contact friction between the glued screw and the outside environment, reducing the risk of the glue layer being scratched; the combination of the receiving hole and negative pressure adsorption ensures the stability of the screw's posture during transfer, preventing the glue layer from falling off due to shaking and collision; the smooth transfer driven by lateral movement further reduces the relative movement of the screw and other components, reducing the amount of glue debris generated; at the same time, the combination of enclosed conveying and negative pressure adsorption reduces the possibility of glue debris scattering and contaminating the product, significantly improving the reliability of the glued screw fastening process and the cleanliness of the production environment.

[0045] In one embodiment, the feeding assembly 5 further includes an adapter sleeve 53, which is connected between the discharge end of the blowing pipe 4 and the receiving plate 51. A transition channel is formed inside the adapter sleeve 53. One end of the transition channel is connected to the conveying channel of the blowing pipe 4, and the other end is connected to the receiving hole when the receiving plate 51 is in the receiving position.

[0046] It should be noted that the adapter sleeve 53, as a transitional connection component between the blowing pipe 4 and the receiving plate 51, is used to optimize the conveying path of the screw from the blowing pipe 4 to the receiving hole. Its material can be wear-resistant and have a smooth inner wall, such as engineering plastics (e.g., polyoxymethylene) or metals (e.g., brass, with a chrome-plated surface to reduce the coefficient of friction), and it has an overall tubular structure. The interior of the adapter sleeve 53 forms a through-passage transition channel. The two ends of this channel are adapted to the conveying channel and the receiving hole of the blowing pipe 4, respectively: the interface shape at the end closer to the blowing pipe 4 matches the shape of the outlet end of the blowing pipe 4 (e.g., a circular interface, which can be fixed by interference fit or clamps), ensuring seamless connection with the conveying channel; the end closer to the receiving plate 51 is designed with a structure corresponding to the receiving hole (e.g., the end opening is coaxial with the receiving hole, and an annular boss or positioning groove can be provided on the edge, fitting against the bearing surface of the receiving plate 51 when it is in the receiving position), ensuring precise docking between the transition channel and the receiving hole.

[0047] The internal contour of the transition channel can be designed according to the screw conveying requirements. For example, it can adopt a tapered structure that gradually tapers from the end of the blow pipe 4 to the end of the receiving plate 51, or a straight cylindrical structure that maintains a constant cross-section. Its inner wall is polished to form a smooth surface, reducing the frictional contact between the screw and the channel wall when it passes through. In addition, the length of the adapter sleeve 53 can be adjusted according to the installation space. By shortening the distance between the outlet end of the blow pipe 4 and the receiving hole, it avoids the screw from shifting or colliding due to gravity after it leaves the blow pipe 4, further improving the accuracy of the screw falling into the receiving hole.

[0048] In this embodiment, by setting the adapter sleeve 53, the screw does not need to be directly exposed to the external space after being output from the blow pipe 4. Instead, it smoothly enters the receiving hole through the closed transition channel, which reduces the accidental contact between the screw and external parts and ensures the stability of the conveying path through the guiding effect of the channel. It is especially suitable for the protection needs of screws with adhesive.

[0049] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the transition channel of the adapter sleeve 53 is provided with an arc-shaped guide surface. The arc-shaped guide surface smoothly transitions from one end of the adapter sleeve 53 near the blowing pipe 4 to the end near the receiving plate 51, which is used to guide the screw to fall smoothly from the blowing pipe 4 into the receiving hole.

[0050] It should be noted that the arc-shaped guide surface on the inner wall of the transition channel of the adapter sleeve 53 is a curved structure designed to optimize the screw conveying trajectory. This arc-shaped guide surface is not a simple straight wall or conical structure, but rather a continuous, angle-free arc-shaped transition from the end of the adapter sleeve 53 near the blowing pipe 4 to the end near the receiving plate 51, forming a smooth path similar to a guide channel.

[0051] The curvature of the arc-shaped guide surface can be designed to adapt to the screw's dimensions and conveying speed. For example, for screws with a head diameter larger than the shank diameter, the curvature of the guide surface can be slightly expanded outward at the corresponding screw head position to ensure a uniform gap between the screw head and the wall surface as it passes through, avoiding excessive local friction. Its surface is finely polished, resulting in extremely low roughness, further reducing frictional resistance with the screw surface (especially areas with adhesive layers).

[0052] In this embodiment, when the screw enters the transition channel from the blow pipe 4, the arc-shaped guide surface guides the screw to gradually adjust its posture through curved contact. This allows the screw to slide smoothly towards the receiving hole in a near-linear trajectory under the propulsion of airflow or gravity, avoiding unstable movements such as bouncing or rotation caused by abrupt changes in the channel cross-section or right-angle turns. This design is particularly suitable for screws with adhesive, reducing the probability of scratching between the adhesive layer and the channel wall, while ensuring that the screw accurately falls into the center of the receiving hole, thus improving receiving stability.

[0053] In one embodiment, the negative pressure component 52 further includes a horizontal negative pressure gauge 522, which is connected to the negative pressure tube 521 and is used to detect the negative pressure value in the negative pressure tube 521.

[0054] It should be noted that the horizontal negative pressure gauge 522 is a detection component in the negative pressure component 52 used to monitor the negative pressure state in the negative pressure tube 521. It can be a pointer type or a digital pressure gauge, and is connected to the negative pressure tube 521 through a connecting pipe (the connection position can be located on the pipe between the negative pressure source and the receiving hole). It can display the negative pressure value in the negative pressure tube 521 in real time.

[0055] The range of the horizontal displacement negative pressure gauge 522 is designed according to the negative pressure range required by the suction screw in the receiving hole, such as for small adhesive screws, to accurately capture pressure changes during the suction process. The connection between it and the negative pressure tube 521 uses a sealed joint (such as a pagoda joint with a sealing ring) to ensure the airtightness of the detection passage and avoid detection errors caused by air leakage.

[0056] In this embodiment, when the negative pressure component 52 is working, the horizontal negative pressure gauge 522 can intuitively reflect the adsorption status of the screw by the receiving hole through the real-time feedback of the negative pressure value: if the negative pressure value is lower than the preset threshold, it may indicate that the receiving hole has not successfully adsorbed the screw (such as the screw not falling into the hole) or there is air leakage in the pipeline. At this time, an alarm signal can be triggered to indicate that the equipment is abnormal; if the negative pressure value is stable within the preset range, it means that the screw is stably adsorbed, ensuring the reliability of the subsequent horizontal movement process. This design is especially suitable for screws with adhesive - because the adhesive layer may affect the fit and sealing between the screw and the receiving hole, the risk of adsorption failure can be detected in time by monitoring the negative pressure value, avoiding the screw from falling off or the adhesive layer from being scratched during the transfer.

[0057] In one embodiment, the negative pressure component 52 further includes a filter connected in series in the negative pressure pipe 521 and located between the transverse negative pressure gauge 522 and the receiving hole, for filtering colloidal debris in the airflow within the negative pressure pipe 521.

[0058] It should be noted that the filter, as an impurity interception component on the negative pressure pipe 521, is used to remove colloidal debris carried in the airflow. Its overall structure can be cylindrical or square, and the material is made of wear-resistant and easy-to-clean plastic (such as polypropylene) or metal (such as 304 stainless steel). Both ends of the housing are provided with interfaces that are compatible with the negative pressure pipe 521, such as threaded interfaces or quick-connect interfaces. It is connected to the negative pressure pipe 521 in series, and the installation position is fixed between the transverse negative pressure gauge 522 and the receiving hole to ensure that the airflow is filtered before entering the negative pressure gauge detection stage.

[0059] The filter contains a filter element, which can be made of porous filter cotton, metal filter mesh (such as sintered stainless steel mesh), or polymer filter cartridge. Its filtration precision is designed according to the common particle size of colloidal debris (e.g., 10-50 microns), effectively intercepting debris without excessively obstructing airflow and causing negative pressure loss. A sealing structure (such as a rubber sealing ring) is used between the filter element and the housing to prevent unfiltered airflow from passing through the gaps. Some filters can also be designed with a detachable structure, such as a snap-fit ​​or threaded connection for the housing, facilitating periodic opening for replacement or cleaning of the filter element and maintaining filtration efficiency.

[0060] In this embodiment, when the negative pressure component 52 is activated, airflow is drawn in through the receiving port. The colloidal debris carried by the airflow (mostly small amounts of adhesive particles that fall off during the conveying of the adhesive screws) enters the filter and is intercepted by the filter element on the side closest to the receiving port. The filtered clean airflow then flows along the negative pressure pipe 521 to the transverse negative pressure gauge 522 and the negative pressure source. This design not only prevents colloidal debris from entering the negative pressure gauge with the airflow and affecting the detection accuracy, but also prevents debris from accumulating inside the negative pressure source (such as a vacuum pump) and causing equipment wear. At the same time, it reduces the risk of debris flowing back to the receiving port or the fastening station, further ensuring the cleanliness of the adhesive screw fastening process.

[0061] In one embodiment, the transverse drive 523 is a transverse cylinder, the cylinder body of which is fixed to the frame, and the piston rod of which is fixedly connected to the receiving plate 51.

[0062] It should be noted that the transverse drive component 523 is specifically a transverse cylinder, which serves as the power component for driving the receiving plate 51 to move. The whole is composed of a cylinder body, piston rod, end cover and seals. The cylinder body material can be lightweight and high-strength aluminum alloy (the surface is anodized to improve corrosion resistance), which is suitable for the requirements of automated equipment for lightweight and durability.

[0063] The cylinder body of the transverse cylinder is fixed to the horizontal mounting plate or vertical support structure of the frame by bolts or a special bracket. The fixed position must correspond to the movement trajectory of the receiving plate 51 to ensure that the extension and retraction direction of the piston rod is consistent with the movement direction of the receiving plate 51 from the receiving position to the feeding position (i.e., the horizontal straight line direction). Buffer devices (such as elastic buffer pads or adjustable air buffer structures) can be provided at both ends of the cylinder body to reduce impact when the piston rod extends or retracts to its limit position, preventing the receiving plate 51 from colliding with the frame or other components due to inertia, and ensuring smooth movement.

[0064] In this example, the receiving plate 51 can achieve reciprocating linear motion through the drive of the transverse cylinder. Its power output is stable and its response speed is fast, which can meet the high-frequency feeding requirements of the automated production line. At the same time, compared with other driving methods, the structure is more compact and easy to integrate and assemble with the frame and the receiving plate 51.

[0065] In one embodiment, the screw fastening mechanism 100 further includes a linear guide rail disposed on the frame; the bottom of the receiving plate 51 is provided with a sliding block adapted to the linear guide rail, the sliding block being sleeved on the linear guide rail and slidably connected to the linear guide rail.

[0066] It should be noted that the linear guide rail and the sliding block constitute the guide support assembly of the receiving plate 51, which is used to constrain the movement trajectory of the receiving plate 51 and improve its movement stability. The linear guide rail is fixed to the horizontal mounting surface of the frame along the movement direction of the receiving plate 51 from the receiving position to the feeding position. It is generally elongated, and the cross-section can adopt a rectangular or dovetail shape to adapt to the structure of the sliding block. The top or side surface of the guide rail is machined with a high-precision guide surface to ensure the straightness of the sliding block when it moves. Limiting blocks can be provided at both ends of the linear guide rail to limit the maximum movement stroke of the receiving plate 51 and prevent the sliding block from disengaging from the guide rail.

[0067] The sliding block at the bottom of the receiving plate 51 forms a matching sliding structure with the linear guide rail. The inner side of the sliding block has a groove that complements the cross-sectional shape of the linear guide rail. The inner wall of the groove fits tightly with the guide surface of the guide rail but leaves a small gap, which ensures smooth sliding and restricts the displacement of the receiving plate 51 in the direction perpendicular to the movement direction (such as vertical jumping or horizontal offset). The connection between the sliding block and the receiving plate 51 can be fastened with bolts to ensure that the two move synchronously.

[0068] In this embodiment, when the transverse drive 523 drives the receiving plate 51 to move, the sliding block slides along the linear guide rail. Through the rigid cooperation between the guide rail and the slider, the movement of the receiving plate 51 is strictly limited to a preset horizontal linear trajectory, avoiding skewing or jamming caused by uneven output force of the drive or uneven weight of the receiving plate 51 itself. This design is particularly important for the protection of adhesive screws—it prevents the screws in the receiving hole from rubbing against the hole wall due to the shaking of the receiving plate 51, reducing the risk of scratching the adhesive layer, while ensuring the stopping accuracy of the receiving plate 51 at the receiving position and the feeding position, improving the stability of screw handover.

[0069] In one embodiment, the screw fastening mechanism 100 further includes a fixed frame 1 and a lifting drive 2. The fixed frame 1 is disposed on the frame; the lifting drive 2 is fixed to the fixed frame 1, and the output end of the lifting drive 2 is fixedly connected to the screw fastening electric screwdriver 3, for driving the screw fastening electric screwdriver 3 to move closer to or away from the receiving plate 51 at the feeding position in the vertical direction.

[0070] It should be noted that the mounting frame 1, serving as the installation carrier for the lifting drive component 2, can be made of angle steel, square steel, or aluminum alloy profiles. It has an overall frame or cantilever structure and is fixed to the vertical support columns or horizontal beams of the machine frame by bolts or welding. The installation position of the mounting frame 1 must correspond to the feeding position of the feeding assembly 5 to ensure that when the lifting drive component 2 drives the locking electric screwdriver 3, the screwdriver's suction head can accurately align with the receiving hole at the feeding position. Multiple mounting holes can be pre-set on the mounting frame 1 to facilitate adjustment of the installation height of the lifting drive component 2 according to the specifications of the locking electric screwdriver 3 or the height of the workpiece to be locked, thus improving the adaptability of the mechanism.

[0071] The lifting drive unit 2, serving as the vertical power source for the locking electric screwdriver 3, can be a miniature cylinder, electric actuator, or ball screw module. Its fixed end is rigidly connected to the fixing frame 1 via bolts, while its output end is vertically downward-facing and fixed to the middle or upper part of the locking electric screwdriver 3 via flanges, connecting seats, or other components. The output stroke of the lifting drive unit 2 can be set according to actual needs, for example, from the initial position where the suction head is away from the receiving hole, to the material-picking position where the suction head is in contact with the screw in the receiving hole, and then to the locking position where the screw is screwed into the workpiece, ensuring complete coverage of the material-picking and locking action range. Some lifting drive units 2 can also be equipped with a stroke sensor for accurate detection of the output end position, preventing the locking electric screwdriver 3 from excessively descending and colliding with the receiving plate 51 or the workpiece.

[0072] In this embodiment, after the receiving plate 51 moves to the feeding position, the lifting drive 2 drives the fastening electric screwdriver 3 to move vertically downward, so that the suction head approaches and adsorbs the screw in the receiving hole. After the screw is picked up, the lifting drive 2 drives the fastening electric screwdriver 3 to move upward to a preset height. After the workpiece is in place, it moves downward again to perform the fastening action. After the fastening is completed, the lifting drive 2 drives the fastening electric screwdriver 3 to move upward again to reset, waiting for the next pick-up. Through the setting of this component, the vertical movement of the fastening electric screwdriver 3 can be independently and precisely controlled, which can not only ensure efficient cooperation with the receiving plate 51 and avoid scratching the screw adhesive layer due to position deviation during pick-up, but also adapt to the fastening requirements of workpieces with different thicknesses, improving the versatility of the mechanism.

[0073] In one embodiment, the receiving plate 51 is provided with a sealing element around the receiving hole on the bearing surface, and the sealing element is in contact with the lower end face of the screw head when subjected to negative pressure adsorption.

[0074] It should be noted that the sealing element is an annular structure set around the receiving hole on the bearing surface of the receiving plate 51. It is used to enhance the airtightness between the screw and the receiving plate 51 during negative pressure adsorption. Its material can be elastic silicone, fluororubber or nitrile rubber (select a compatible material according to the chemical properties of the screw glue) to avoid chemical reaction with the screw glue that would cause the seal to fail.

[0075] The cross-sectional shape of the seal can be designed as circular, rectangular, or lip-shaped. Its inner diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the receiving hole, and its outer diameter is adapted to the diameter of the screw head (usually not exceeding the outer diameter of the screw head, ensuring that the lower end face of the screw head can completely cover the seal after the screw is inserted into the receiving hole). The seal is fixed to the bearing surface by vulcanization bonding, inlay, or bolt pressing, and is concentrically set with the receiving hole. Its height is slightly higher than the bearing surface, and it is in a convex state in its natural state.

[0076] In this embodiment, when the negative pressure component 52 is activated and the screw is adsorbed into the receiving hole, the lower end face of the screw head contacts the top of the seal and slightly squeezes the seal, causing it to elastically deform and thus filling the gap between the screw head and the bearing surface. This design significantly improves the sealing performance of the negative pressure adsorption, reduces negative pressure leakage, and ensures that even if there are minor defects in the screw head (such as local protrusions caused by uneven adhesive layer), a stable adsorption force can still be maintained through the elastic compensation of the seal, preventing the screw from shaking due to insufficient negative pressure during lateral movement. At the same time, the elastic contact of the seal can buffer the impact force when the screw falls into the receiving hole, reducing the rigid collision between the screw head and the bearing surface of the receiving plate 51. Especially for screws with adhesive, it can reduce the risk of the adhesive layer on the head falling off due to impact, further protecting the integrity of the adhesive.

[0077] This utility model also provides an automatic screw tightening device, which includes a screw fastening mechanism 100. The specific structure of the screw fastening mechanism 100 is as described in the above embodiments. Since this automatic screw tightening device adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0078] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of the present utility model and the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A screw fastening mechanism, characterized in that, include: frame; A locking electric screwdriver, wherein the locking electric screwdriver is mounted on the frame; A blow pipe, the inside of which has a conveying channel for conveying screws; as well as The feeding assembly includes a receiving plate, a transverse drive, and a negative pressure component. The receiving plate is movably mounted on the frame and has a bearing surface with a receiving hole. The transverse drive is connected to the receiving plate and drives the receiving plate to move between a receiving position and a feeding position. The negative pressure component has a negative pressure tube communicating with the receiving hole and is used to attract screws located in the receiving hole. In the receiving position, the receiving hole is correspondingly set to the discharge end of the blowing pipe so that the screw conveyed by the blowing pipe can fall into the receiving hole; in the feeding position, the receiving hole of the receiving plate is located below the suction head of the locking electric screwdriver.

2. The screw fastening mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding assembly also includes an adapter sleeve, which is connected between the discharge end of the blowing pipe and the receiving plate. A transition channel is formed inside the adapter sleeve. One end of the transition channel is connected to the conveying channel of the blowing pipe, and the other end is connected to the receiving hole when the receiving plate is in the receiving position.

3. The screw fastening mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the transition channel of the adapter sleeve is provided with an arc-shaped guide surface. The arc-shaped guide surface smoothly transitions from one end of the adapter sleeve near the blowing pipe to the other end near the receiving plate, which is used to guide the screw to fall smoothly from the blowing pipe into the receiving hole.

4. The screw fastening mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure component also includes a horizontal negative pressure gauge, which is connected to the negative pressure tube and is used to detect the negative pressure value inside the negative pressure tube.

5. The screw fastening mechanism as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The negative pressure component also includes a filter, which is connected in series in the negative pressure pipe and located between the transverse negative pressure gauge and the receiving hole, for filtering colloidal debris in the airflow inside the negative pressure pipe.

6. The screw fastening mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lateral movement drive is a lateral movement cylinder, the cylinder body of which is fixed to the frame, and the piston rod of which is fixedly connected to the receiving plate.

7. The screw fastening mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The screw fastening mechanism also includes a linear guide rail mounted on the frame; The bottom of the receiving plate is provided with a sliding block adapted to the linear guide rail. The sliding block is sleeved on the linear guide rail and slidably connected to the linear guide rail.

8. The screw fastening mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The screw fastening mechanism also includes: A mounting bracket, wherein the mounting bracket is disposed on the frame; and A lifting drive unit is fixed to a fixed frame, and the output end of the lifting drive unit is fixedly connected to the locking electric screwdriver, which is used to drive the locking electric screwdriver to move closer to or away from the receiving plate at the feeding position in the vertical direction.

9. The screw fastening mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving plate is provided with a sealing element around the receiving hole on the bearing surface. The sealing element is in contact with the lower end face of the screw head when it is subjected to negative pressure adsorption.

10. An automatic screw-tightening device, characterized in that, Includes the screw fastening mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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