A drilling device for automobile part machining

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of automobile part machining, in particular to a drilling device for automobile part machining, which comprises a base module, a positioning and clamping module, a multi-shaft driving module, a cooling and chip removal module and a self-adaptive feeding module. The positioning and clamping module realizes automatic clamping and dynamic adjustment of a workpiece through a cylinder and a pressure sensor; the multi-shaft driving module adopts a main motor to drive multiple drill bit assemblies to work synchronously, thereby improving machining efficiency; the cooling and chip removal module reduces cutting heat and accumulation of iron chips through design of cooling liquid injection and a chip removal channel; and the self-adaptive feeding module accurately controls drilling depth by using a servo motor and a displacement sensor. The application can significantly improve the precision, efficiency and reliability of automobile part drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mechanical processing technology, specifically a drilling device for processing automotive parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the machining of automotive parts, drilling equipment is a key piece of equipment that plays a vital role in improving machining accuracy and efficiency. However, existing drilling equipment generally suffers from problems such as low positioning accuracy, poor adaptability, and insufficient automation when applied to automotive parts machining.

[0003] For example, patent CN107309689B proposes a drilling device based on a lead screw and nut pair drive. Although the clamping function can be achieved by adjusting the stop, it relies on manual operation, lacks automatic positioning capability, and does not have a drilling depth control mechanism, which can easily lead to processing errors. At the same time, the overall structure of this device is fixed, and it is only suitable for workpieces within a specific size range, making it difficult to meet the processing needs of multiple models and variable geometries.

[0004] Furthermore, while the patent with publication number CN111590115B features an automatic drill retraction function, it lacks a dedicated workpiece positioning and clamping structure and is not designed for irregularly shaped or thin-walled parts, potentially leading to insufficient hole position accuracy. Simultaneously, this device lacks an integrated cooling and chip removal system and does not possess multi-station switching or automatic drill bit changing mechanisms, limiting its application in the machining of complex parts. These issues indicate that existing drilling devices still have room for improvement in terms of automated positioning, integrated cooling and chip removal, and process adaptability, necessitating a new type of drilling device to enhance the machining quality and efficiency of automotive parts. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model relates to a drilling device for machining automotive parts, comprising a base module, a positioning and clamping module, a multi-axis drive module, a cooling and chip removal module, and an adaptive feed module. The positioning and clamping module is mounted on the upper surface of the base module. A multi-axis drive module is disposed on one side of the base module, and its output end is connected to the cooling and chip removal module. The cooling and chip removal module integrates an adaptive feed module.

[0006] The base module includes a base plate, a guide rail groove, a fixing bracket, and a limiting block. The upper surface of the base plate has a guide rail groove, within which a slider is embedded. The top of the slider is bolted to the bottom of the positioning and clamping module. Fixing brackets are symmetrically welded to both sides of the base plate, and the top of each fixing bracket is threaded to a limiting block to restrict the slider's range of motion.

[0007] The positioning and clamping module includes clamping arms, cylinders, guide rods, and pressure sensors. Two clamping arms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base module and connected to the slider via hinges. A cylinder is fixedly mounted on the outer side of each clamping arm, with its piston rod passing through the arm and fixed to the guide rod. The other end of the guide rod is embedded in a guide hole within the slider. A pressure sensor is embedded on the inner surface of each clamping arm to detect the clamping force and transmit the signal to the control system to adjust the cylinder's operating state.

[0008] The multi-axis drive module includes a main motor, a transmission gear set, a timing belt, and a drill bit assembly. The main motor is bolted to one side of the base module, and its output shaft is connected to the transmission gear set via a coupling. A timing belt is meshed on the outer side of the transmission gear set, and the other end of the timing belt is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the drill bit assembly. Multiple drill bit assemblies are evenly distributed along the length of the base module, and each drill bit assembly is connected to a fixed bracket via a bearing to ensure stable operation.

[0009] The cooling and chip removal module includes a coolant tank, a pump body, nozzles, and a chip removal channel. The coolant tank is bolted to the bottom of the base module, and its outlet is connected to the pump body via a pipe. The pump body's output is connected to multiple nozzles via a branch pipe. The nozzles are located above the drill bit assembly, with their outlets facing the cutting tip of the drill bit assembly. The chip removal channel is located at the bottom of the base module, with its inlet connected to the machining area of ​​the drill bit assembly and its outlet connected to a waste collection box via a pipe.

[0010] The adaptive feed module includes a servo motor, a lead screw, a slide, and a displacement sensor. The servo motor is bolted to the inside of the cooling and chip removal module, and its output shaft is keyed to one end of the lead screw. The other end of the lead screw is connected to the inner wall of the cooling and chip removal module via a bearing. A slide is fitted onto the outer side of the lead screw, and the bottom of the slide has a threaded hole that forms a threaded pair with the lead screw. The top of the slide is bolted to the housing of the drill assembly, used to drive the drill assembly to move vertically. A displacement sensor is embedded on one side of the slide to monitor the feed depth of the drill assembly in real time and feed the data back to the control system.

[0011] This invention utilizes a positioning and clamping module to automatically clamp the workpiece using a cylinder-driven clamping arm. Simultaneously, a pressure sensor dynamically adjusts the clamping force to prevent workpiece deformation or loosening due to excessive or insufficient clamping force. This design effectively solves the problems of cumbersome manual adjustment of the stop position and low positioning accuracy in existing technologies.

[0012] The multi-axis drive module uses a main motor to drive multiple drill bit assemblies to work in parallel, significantly improving processing efficiency. At the same time, the drill bit assemblies are connected to the transmission gear set via a synchronous belt, ensuring the synchronization between the drill bits, thereby meeting the needs of multi-diameter and multi-angle composite drilling of automotive parts.

[0013] The cooling and chip removal module uses a pump to deliver coolant from the coolant tank to the nozzle, directly applying it to the tip of the drill bit assembly to reduce the impact of cutting heat on the tool and workpiece. The chip removal channel promptly removes chips generated during machining, preventing accumulation that could affect machining quality.

[0014] The adaptive feed module uses a servo motor to drive a lead screw, which in turn moves the slide vertically, thereby controlling the feed depth of the drill bit assembly. A displacement sensor monitors the feed depth in real time, ensuring precise and controllable drilling depth, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies that rely on manual experience to judge drilling depth.

[0015] In summary, this utility model, through the synergistic effect of the above modules, solves the shortcomings of existing drilling devices in terms of automated positioning, integrated cooling and chip removal, and process adaptability, and significantly improves the accuracy, efficiency, and reliability of automotive parts processing. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model from another angle.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the coolant storage tank.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of a multi-axis drive module, highlighting the connection and working principle of the main motor, transmission gear set, synchronous belt, and drill bit assembly.

[0020] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Base module; 2. Positioning and clamping module; 3. Multi-axis drive module; 4. Cooling and chip removal module; 5. Adaptive feed module; 101. Base plate; 102. Guide rail groove; 103. Fixed bracket; 104. Limit block; 105. Slider; 201. Clamping arm; 202. Cylinder; 203. Guide rod; 204. Pressure sensor; 301. Main motor; 302. Transmission gear set; 303. Synchronous belt; 304. Drill bit assembly; 401. Coolant tank; 402. Pump body; 403. Nozzle; 404. Chip removal channel; 501. Servo motor; 502. Lead screw; 503. Slide table; 504. Displacement sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Specific implementation examples are given below.

[0023] This utility model relates to a drilling device for machining automotive parts, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a base module 1, a positioning and clamping module 2, a multi-axis drive module 3, a cooling and chip removal module 4, and an adaptive feed module 5. The specific embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Base module 1 is the fundamental component of the entire device, and its specific structure is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a base plate 101, guide rail grooves 102, fixed brackets 103, limiting blocks 104, and sliders 105. The base plate 101 is a rectangular steel plate with two parallel guide rail grooves 102 on its upper surface, extending along the length of the base plate 101. Slider 105 is embedded in the guide rail grooves 102, achieving linear motion through the interaction between the slider 105 and the guide rail grooves 102. The top of the slider 105 is bolted to the bottom of the positioning and clamping module 2, driving the positioning and clamping module 2 to move along the guide rail grooves 102. Fixed brackets 103 are symmetrically welded to both sides of the base plate 101. The fixed brackets 103 have an L-shaped structure; their vertical parts are welded to the base plate 101, and their horizontal parts have threaded holes for mounting the limiting blocks 104. The limiting block 104 is screwed into the horizontal part of the fixed bracket 103 by means of a threaded connection, which is used to limit the movement range of the slider 105 and prevent the slider 105 from disengaging from the guide rail groove 102.

[0025] The structure of positioning and clamping module 2 is as follows: Figure 3As shown, the system includes a clamping arm 201, a cylinder 202, a guide rod 203, and a pressure sensor 204. Two clamping arms 201 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base module 1. One end of each clamping arm 201 is connected to the slider 105 via a hinge, and the other end is a free end used to clamp the workpiece. The cylinder 202 is fixedly installed on the outside of the clamping arm 201. The piston rod of the cylinder 202 passes through the clamping arm 201 and is fixedly connected to the guide rod 203. The other end of the guide rod 203 is embedded in a guide hole in the slider 105 to guide the opening and closing movement of the clamping arm 201. A pressure sensor 204 is embedded on the inner surface of the clamping arm 201. The pressure sensor 204 is fixed to the inner side of the clamping arm 201 by screws and is used to detect the clamping force. When the cylinder 202 drives the clamping arm 201 to clamp the workpiece, the pressure sensor 204 transmits the detected clamping force signal to the control system. The control system adjusts the working state of the cylinder 202 according to the signal to ensure that the clamping force is appropriate.

[0026] The structure of the multi-axis drive module 3 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the system includes a main motor 301, a transmission gear set 302, a synchronous belt 303, and a drill bit assembly 304. The main motor 301 is bolted to one side of the base module 1, and its output shaft is connected to the transmission gear set 302 via a coupling. The transmission gear set 302 consists of multiple gears that mesh to transmit power. A synchronous belt 303 is meshed on the outer side of the transmission gear set 302, and the other end of the synchronous belt 303 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the drill bit assembly 304. Multiple drill bit assemblies 304 are evenly distributed along the length of the base module 1. Each drill bit assembly 304 is connected to a fixed bracket 103 via a bearing to ensure smooth operation. After the main motor 301 starts, it transmits power to each drill bit assembly 304 through the transmission gear set 302 and the synchronous belt 303, causing the drill bit assemblies 304 to rotate synchronously, thereby achieving the function of multi-diameter, multi-angle composite drilling.

[0027] The cooling and chip removal module 4 includes a coolant tank 401, a pump body 402, nozzles 403, and a chip removal channel 404. The coolant tank 401 is a rectangular box, bolted to the bottom of the base module 1. The outlet of the coolant tank 401 is connected to the pump body 402 via a pipe. The pump body 402 is bolted to the top of the coolant tank 401, and its output is connected to multiple nozzles 403 via a branch pipe. The nozzles 403 are located above the drill assembly 304, and their outlets face the cutting tip of the drill assembly 304. The chip removal channel 404 is located at the bottom of the base module 1, with its inlet connected to the machining area of ​​the drill assembly 304 and its outlet connected to a waste collection box via a pipe. During drilling, the pump body 402 delivers coolant from the coolant tank 401 to the nozzles 403, which spray the coolant onto the cutting tip of the drill assembly 304 to reduce the impact of cutting heat on the tool and workpiece. Meanwhile, the iron filings generated during the processing are discharged through the chip removal channel 404 to prevent the accumulation of iron filings from affecting the processing quality.

[0028] The adaptive feed module 5 includes a servo motor 501, a lead screw 502, a slide 503, and a displacement sensor 504. The servo motor 501 is bolted to the inside of the cooling and chip removal module 4. Its output shaft is keyed to one end of the lead screw 502, and the other end of the lead screw 502 is connected to the inner wall of the cooling and chip removal module 4 via a bearing. The slide 503 is fitted onto the outer side of the lead screw 502, and a threaded hole is formed at the bottom of the slide 503 to form a threaded pair with the lead screw 502. The top of the slide 503 is bolted to the housing of the drill assembly 304, used to drive the drill assembly 304 to move vertically. A displacement sensor 504 is embedded on one side of the slide 503, fixed to the side of the slide 503 with screws, used to monitor the feed depth of the drill assembly 304 in real time. After the servo motor 501 starts, it drives the slide 503 to move vertically via the lead screw 502, thereby controlling the feed depth of the drill assembly 304. The displacement sensor 504 feeds back the monitored feed depth data to the control system, which then adjusts the speed and direction of the servo motor 501 based on the data to ensure precise and controllable drilling depth.

[0029] In practical applications, the operator first places the automotive part to be processed on the upper surface of the base module 1 and adjusts the position of the positioning and clamping module 2 using the slider 105, aligning the clamping arm 201 with the workpiece clamping position. Then, the cylinder 202 drives the clamping arm 201 to clamp the workpiece, and the pressure sensor 204 detects the clamping force and feeds it back to the control system. The control system adjusts the working state of the cylinder 202 according to the clamping force signal to ensure appropriate clamping force. Next, the main motor 301 starts, driving the drill assembly 304 to rotate synchronously via the transmission gear set 302 and the synchronous belt 303. Simultaneously, the servo motor 501 drives the slide table 503 to move vertically via the lead screw 502, causing the drill assembly 304 to gradually approach the workpiece and perform drilling. During drilling, the pump body 402 delivers coolant from the coolant reservoir 401 to the nozzle 403, which sprays coolant onto the tip of the drill assembly 304 to reduce the impact of cutting heat on the tool and workpiece. Iron filings generated during processing are discharged through the chip removal channel 404 to prevent accumulation and maintain processing quality. The displacement sensor 504 monitors the feed depth of the drill assembly 304 in real time and feeds the data back to the control system. The control system adjusts the speed and direction of the servo motor 501 based on the data to ensure precise and controllable drilling depth.

[0030] Through the synergistic effect of the above modules, this utility model achieves automated positioning, integrated cooling and chip removal, and process adaptability in the automotive parts processing, overcoming the shortcomings of existing drilling devices in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and reliability. To better enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement this utility model, the specific implementation principles are further explained below in conjunction with specific application scenarios.

[0031] First, the operator places the automotive part to be processed on the upper surface of the base plate 101 of the base module 1. The positioning clamping module 2 is moved along the guide rail groove 102 by the slider 105, adjusting the position of the clamping arm 201 to align with the workpiece's clamping point. During this process, the limiting block 104 and the fixed bracket 103 cooperate to limit the movement range of the slider 105, ensuring that the clamping arm 201 can accurately reach the designated position. Subsequently, the control system activates the cylinder 202, whose piston rod pushes the guide rod 203 to guide the clamping arm 201 in an opening and closing motion, gradually bringing the clamping arm 201 closer to the workpiece until contact is made. The pressure sensor 204 detects the clamping force in real time and transmits the signal to the control system. The control system dynamically adjusts the working state of the cylinder 202 based on the feedback data, thereby ensuring that the clamping force is moderate, avoiding workpiece deformation due to excessive clamping force or loosening due to insufficient clamping force.

[0032] Next, the main motor 301 starts, transmitting power to multiple drill bit assemblies 304 via the transmission gear set 302 and the synchronous belt 303. The gear meshing in the transmission gear set 302 and the connection of the synchronous belt 303 ensure synchronous rotation among the drill bit assemblies 304. Simultaneously, the servo motor 501 drives the lead screw 502 to rotate, and the lead screw 502, through a threaded pair, moves the slide 503 vertically. The top of the slide 503 is fixedly connected to the housing of the drill bit assembly 304, so the movement of the slide 503 directly controls the feed depth of the drill bit assembly 304. A displacement sensor 504 is embedded on one side of the slide 503, monitoring the vertical displacement of the drill bit assembly 304 in real time and feeding the data back to the control system. The control system adjusts the speed and direction of the servo motor 501 based on the data provided by the displacement sensor 504 to ensure precise and controllable drilling depth.

[0033] During drilling, pump 402 draws coolant from coolant tank 401 and delivers it to multiple nozzles 403 via a distribution pipeline. Nozzles 403 are located above drill assembly 304, with their outlets directly facing the cutting tip of the drill assembly 304. The coolant is sprayed onto the cutting tip, effectively reducing the impact of cutting heat on the tool and workpiece. Simultaneously, chips generated during machining are discharged through chip removal channel 404. The inlet of chip removal channel 404 is connected to the machining area of ​​drill assembly 304, and the outlet is connected to a scrap collection box, thus preventing chip accumulation from affecting machining quality.

[0034] When workpieces of different sizes or shapes need to be processed, the slider 105 readjusts its position along the guide rail groove 102, so that the clamping arm 201 adapts to the new workpiece geometry. The main motor 301 in the multi-axis drive module 3 drives multiple drill bit assemblies 304 to work synchronously through the transmission gear set 302 and the synchronous belt 303, meeting the needs of multi-diameter and multi-angle composite drilling. Furthermore, the adaptive feed module 5 controls the feed depth of the drill bit assembly 304 through the cooperation of the servo motor 501 and the lead screw 502, ensuring that each drilling operation reaches the preset depth requirement.

[0035] Through the above steps, this utility model achieves automated positioning, integrated cooling and chip removal, and process adaptability in the machining process of automotive parts. The synergistic effect of each module overcomes the shortcomings of existing drilling devices in terms of precision, efficiency, and reliability. For example, when machining thin-walled parts with complex geometries, the positioning and clamping module 2 can automatically adjust the clamping position and force according to the workpiece shape, avoiding workpiece deformation caused by improper clamping; the multi-axis drive module 3 ensures the uniformity and consistency of multi-hole machining through synchronous transmission; and the cooling and chip removal module 4 significantly improves machining quality and equipment lifespan through efficient coolant spraying and chip removal mechanisms.

[0036] All content not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art, and the model parameters of each electrical appliance are not specifically limited; conventional equipment can be used. Electrical control components not mentioned in this technical solution are prior art and are therefore not shown in the figures, nor will they be described further here.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A drilling device for machining automotive parts, characterized in that, It includes a base module (1), a positioning and clamping module (2), a multi-axis drive module (3), a cooling and chip removal module (4), and an adaptive feed module (5). The positioning and clamping module (2) is installed on the upper surface of the base module (1). The multi-axis drive module (3) is provided on one side of the base module (1). The output end of the multi-axis drive module (3) is connected to the cooling and chip removal module (4). The adaptive feed module (5) is integrated inside the cooling and chip removal module (4).

2. The drilling device for machining automotive parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base module (1) includes a base plate (101), a guide rail groove (102), a fixed bracket (103), a limiting block (104), and a slider (105). The upper surface of the base plate (101) is provided with a guide rail groove (102). The slider (105) is embedded in the guide rail groove (102). The top of the slider (105) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning and clamping module (2) by bolts. Fixed brackets (103) are symmetrically welded on both sides of the base plate (101). The top of the fixed bracket (103) is connected to the limiting block (104) by a thread.

3. The drilling device for machining automotive parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning and clamping module (2) includes a clamping arm (201), a cylinder (202), a guide rod (203), and a pressure sensor (204). There are two clamping arms (201), which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base module (1) and connected to the slider (105) by hinges. The cylinder (202) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the clamping arm (201). The piston rod of the cylinder (202) passes through the clamping arm (201) and is fixedly connected to the guide rod (203). The other end of the guide rod (203) is embedded in the guide hole in the slider (105). The pressure sensor (204) is embedded on the inner surface of the clamping arm (201).

4. The drilling device for machining automotive parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-axis drive module (3) includes a main motor (301), a transmission gear set (302), a synchronous belt (303), and a drill bit assembly (304). The main motor (301) is fixedly installed on one side of the base module (1) by bolts. Its output shaft is connected to the transmission gear set (302) through a coupling. The synchronous belt (303) is meshed on the outer side of the transmission gear set (302). The other end of the synchronous belt (303) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the drill bit assembly (304). There are multiple drill bit assemblies (304), which are evenly distributed along the length of the base module (1).

5. A drilling device for machining automotive parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling chip removal module (4) includes a coolant tank (401), a pump body (402), a nozzle (403), and a chip removal channel (404). The coolant tank (401) is fixedly installed below the base module (1) by bolts. The outlet of the coolant tank (401) is connected to the pump body (402) through a pipe. The output end of the pump body (402) is connected to multiple nozzles (403) through a diversion pipe. The nozzles (403) are located above the drill assembly (304), and the outlet of the nozzles (403) is directly opposite the cutting tip of the drill assembly (304). The chip removal channel (404) is set at the bottom of the base module (1), and its inlet is connected to the processing area of ​​the drill assembly (304).

6. The drilling device for machining automotive parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive feed module (5) includes a servo motor (501), a lead screw (502), a slide (503), and a displacement sensor (504). The servo motor (501) is fixedly installed inside the cooling chip removal module (4) by bolts. Its output shaft is keyed to one end of the lead screw (502). The other end of the lead screw (502) is connected to the inner wall of the cooling chip removal module (4) through a bearing. The slide (503) is sleeved on the outside of the lead screw (502). The bottom of the slide (503) has a threaded hole, which forms a threaded pair with the lead screw (502). The top of the slide (503) is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the drill assembly (304) by bolts. The displacement sensor (504) is embedded on one side of the slide (503).

7. A drilling device for machining automotive parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slider (105) moves linearly along the guide rail groove (102), and the limiting block (104) is used to limit the range of movement of the slider (105).

8. A drilling device for machining automotive parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressure sensor (204) is fixed to the inner surface of the clamping arm (201) by screws and is used to detect the magnitude of the clamping force.

9. A drilling device for machining automotive parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drill bit assembly (304) is connected to the fixed bracket (103) via a bearing.

10. A drilling device for machining automotive parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The displacement sensor (504) is fixed to the side of the slide (503) by screws and is used to monitor the feed depth of the drill bit assembly (304) in real time.

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