Four-axis and tailstock combined machining jig

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of processing fixture, especially relate to a processing fixture of four -axis and tailstock combination. A processing fixture of four -axis and tailstock combination, including bottom plate, rotary table and tailstock, both ends of support plate are fixedly connected in rotary end of rotary table and tailstock respectively, at least two positioning pins are fixedly embedded on support plate, the shell positioning hole of shell can be set on the corresponding positioning pin, the detachable cover of pressing plate is established in the upper end of shell, is equipped with positioning slot on pressing plate, positioning slot can be set on the non -hollow key of shell to realize the positioning of pressing plate, still include multiple groups of down -pressing assembly, down -pressing assembly includes fixedly connected down -pressing cylinder on support plate, down -pressing piece is driven by down -pressing cylinder to fix pressing plate. The utility model structure can realize stable clamping to the thin shell to avoid the distortion of thin shell product and can process multiple machining surfaces in one clamping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of machining fixture technology, and in particular relates to a machining fixture that combines a four-axis and a tailstock. Background Technology

[0002] like Figure 10 As shown, this is the casing 1 of an electronic product such as a laptop, which includes a hollowed-out keyboard area 11. Generally, to fix and position the casing 1, non-hollowed-out keys 12 are provided in the keyboard area 11. Vertically formed casing positioning holes 13 are provided in the non-hollowed-out parts 12. Positioning pins on a machining fixture are inserted into the casing positioning holes 13 to position the casing 1. During the machining of the casing 1, milling and drilling operations are required on its front and rear sides (machined surfaces 14). To improve machining efficiency and accuracy, the casing 1 is often machined using a CNC machine tool. Therefore, a machining fixture is needed to position and fix the casing 1.

[0003] Existing machining fixtures mostly use multi-point fixing methods, that is, fixing and clamping the housing 1 at several positions through manual clamps or cylinder clamps. For example, Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN218137418U discloses a multi-directional machining fixture for a laptop housing, including a base plate, support column and platform, and also includes fixing components. The fixing components include a frame, L-shaped rod, lifting rod, connecting rod, placement plate, screws and knobs. When using this fixture to fix the laptop housing, the laptop housing is placed on the platform, and then the operator lifts the lifting rod. One end of the lifting rod moves upward, driving the other end of the lifting rod to move the L-shaped rod closer to the lifting rod. When the connection between the L-shaped rod and the lifting rod is pulled up, the end of the L-shaped rod will be lifted. At this time, the distance between the screw and the placement plate increases, thus making it easier to place the laptop housing on the placement plate. The two sets of fixing components press the laptop housing down at the same time.

[0004] However, due to the thinness of the existing housing and the presence of slots such as keyboard slots and touch slots, the aforementioned point-fixing method can easily lead to the twisting and deformation of the housing 1, resulting in reduced machining accuracy. Furthermore, when different lateral machining surfaces of the housing need to be processed, repeated clamping of the housing is required. Too many clamping positions can affect product positioning accuracy when changing clamping positions, and the increased number of fixtures leads to higher fixture costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this application provides a machining fixture that combines a four-axis and a tailstock to achieve stable clamping of thin shells to avoid shell distortion and to process multiple machining surfaces in a single clamping.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A machining fixture combining a four-axis spindle and a tailstock includes a base plate, a turntable and a tailstock fixedly connected to the base plate, and a support plate whose two ends are fixedly connected to the rotating ends of the turntable and tailstock, respectively. At least two positioning pins are fixedly embedded in the support plate, and the housing positioning holes of the housing can be fitted onto the corresponding positioning pins to achieve positioning of the housing. A pressure plate is detachably mounted on the upper end of the housing, and a positioning groove is formed on the pressure plate, which can be fitted onto the non-hollowed-out key of the housing to achieve positioning of the pressure plate. It also includes multiple sets of pressing assemblies, each pressing assembly including a pressing cylinder fixedly connected to the support plate and a pressing component driven by the pressing cylinder to fix the pressure plate.

[0007] Preferably, the pressing component includes a pull-down bolt fixedly connected to the telescopic rod of the pressing cylinder; multiple pressure plate through holes are provided on the pressure plate, the inner diameter of the pressure plate through holes being larger than the outer diameter of the nut of the pull-down bolt; a pressure plate through groove communicating with the pressure plate through hole is provided on the pressure plate on one side of the pressure plate through hole, the groove width of the pressure plate through groove being smaller than the outer diameter of the nut of the pull-down bolt; the pressure plate through holes and pressure plate through grooves are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the pressing component, and the screw of the pull-down bolt can enter the pressure plate through groove through the pressure plate through hole.

[0008] Preferably, a pressure plate groove is provided on the upper surface of the pressure plate at the pressure plate through groove, and the nut of the pull-down bolt can be embedded in the pressure plate groove.

[0009] Preferably, a positioning post is fixedly embedded in the support plate, and a positioning hole is opened in the pressure plate. When the screw of the pull-down bolt is embedded in the through groove of the pressure plate, the positioning hole can be sleeved on the positioning post.

[0010] Preferably, a groove is formed on the upper end face of the support plate, an upper sealing gasket is embedded on the upper end face of the support plate outside the groove, a lower groove is formed on the lower end face of the support plate, a lower sealing gasket is embedded on the lower end face of the support plate outside the groove, and an air hole communicating with the lower groove is formed in the groove of the support plate. It also includes a vacuum adsorption assembly, which includes a sealing plate fixedly covered on the lower sealing gasket, a connector fixedly connected to the sealing plate and communicating with the groove under the support plate, and a vacuum generating assembly communicating with the connector.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of support protrusions are provided in the groove of the support plate, and the upper end surface of the support protrusions is flush with the upper end surface of the support plate.

[0012] Preferably, a pressure plate pad is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the pressure plate.

[0013] Preferably, a pick-and-place groove is provided on the lower end face of both sides of the pressure plate, and the pressure plate through hole and the pressure plate groove are formed on the pressure plate above the pick-and-place groove.

[0014] Preferably, a support plate pad is embedded in the support plate outside the groove on the support plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention uses positioning pins to position the housing and pressure plates to fix the housing to the support plate, thus allowing for a larger contact area with the housing. During pressing, it can stably clamp thinner housings to prevent twisting and deformation. By using a turntable and tailstock, the housing can be rotated after clamping, enabling the processing of multiple surfaces in a single clamping operation. The pressure plates and positioning grooves position the pressure plates, and the pressing assembly automatically presses the pressure plates onto the housing, thereby improving housing fixation and overall processing efficiency.

[0016] In addition, this utility model has a structure with pull-down bolts, pressure plate through holes, pressure plate through slots, and pressure plate grooves. The pull-down bolts are driven by the pressure cylinder to move down and pull the pressure plate to fix it. The overall structure is compact and ensures that there are fewer parts above the support plate to avoid obstructing the loading and unloading of the housing.

[0017] By setting up structures such as grooves on the support plate, upper sealing gasket, lower grooves on the support plate, lower sealing gasket, air holes, and vacuum adsorption components, the shell can be adsorbed to complete the initial fixation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention after removing the turntable and tailstock.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention after removing the turntable and tailstock.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate and pressing component of this utility model from one perspective.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of the support plate and pressing component of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure plate of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 7 An enlarged structural diagram of point A.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the downward pressing component of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the existing shell structure.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Housing, 11. Keyboard area, 12. Non-hollowed-out keys, 13. Housing positioning holes, 14. Machined surface. 2. Base plate, 3. Turntable, 4. Tailstock 5. Support plate; 51. Locating pin; 52. Groove on support plate; 53. Upper sealing gasket; 54. Support protrusion; 55. Air hole; 56. Groove on support plate; 57. Lower sealing gasket; 58. Support plate rubber gasket; 59. Locating post. 6. Pressing assembly; 61. Pressing cylinder; 62. Pull-down bolt; 621. Screw; 622. Nut. 7. Pressure plate; 71. Removal groove; 72. Positioning hole; 73. Pressure plate through hole; 74. Pressure plate through groove; 75. Positioning groove; 76. Pressure plate groove; 77. Pressure plate rubber pad. 8. Vacuum adsorption assembly; 81. Sealing plate; 82. Connector. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Example

[0031] See appendix Figure 1 As shown, a machining fixture combining a four-axis and a tailstock includes a base plate 2, a turntable 3, a tailstock 4, a support plate 5, a pressing assembly 6, a pressure plate 7, and a vacuum adsorption assembly 8.

[0032] The base plate 2 can be fixedly mounted on the worktable of an existing CNC machine tool using existing bolts. The rotary table 3 and tailstock 4 are fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base plate 2 using bolts. The rotary table 3 is existing technology; for example, a four-axis rotary table or a CNC indexing plate used in existing machining centers can be selected. The tailstock 4 can be a four-axis tailstock structure. The two ends of the support plate 5 are fixedly connected to the rotating ends of the rotary table 3 and the tailstock 4 respectively using bolts. Thus, the rotary table 3 drives its rotating ends to rotate, thereby causing the support plate 5 to rotate.

[0033] See appendix Figure 4 As shown, the upper surface of the support plate 5 can be designed to match the shape of the housing 1 to facilitate the processing of the housing 1, such as... Figure 4 The key slots corresponding to the keyboard area 11 and the areas without key slots corresponding to the non-hollowed-out keys 12 are vertically fixedly embedded in the areas without key slots. The housing positioning holes 13 of the housing 1 can be fitted onto the corresponding positioning pins 51 to achieve the positioning of the housing 1. The positions of the at least two positioning pins 51 are designed to limit the horizontal and vertical movement of the housing 1. That is, after the housing 1 is fitted onto the positioning pins 51, the positioning and limiting of the housing 1 can be completed.

[0034] In order to achieve the initial fixation of the housing 1 after positioning, this embodiment also includes a vacuum adsorption component and a corresponding structure designed on the support plate 5.

[0035] See Figure 4 As shown, a groove 52 matching the housing 1 is formed on the upper surface of the support plate 5. An upper sealing gasket 53 is embedded on the upper surface of the support plate 5 outside the groove 52. To achieve uniform and stable support for the housing 1, several support protrusions 54 are provided in the groove 52 of the support plate. The upper surface of the support protrusions 54 is flush with the upper surface of the support plate 5. A gap is left between each support protrusion 54. Multiple air holes 55 are formed at the bottom of the groove 52 of the support plate in the gap between the support protrusions 54, and the air holes 55 penetrate the lower surface of the support plate 5.

[0036] In addition, to prevent the upper surface of the support plate 5 from scratching the housing 1, a support plate pad 58 is embedded in the support plate 5 on the outside of the groove 52 on the support plate by bolts.

[0037] See Figure 6 As shown, a lower groove 56 is provided on the lower end face of the support plate 5, and a lower sealing gasket 57 is embedded on the lower end face of the support plate outside the lower groove 56. All air holes 55 are connected to the lower groove 56.

[0038] See Figure 5As shown, the vacuum adsorption assembly 8 includes a sealing plate 81 fixed to the lower end face of a support plate covering the outer side of the lower sealing gasket 57 by bolts, a connector 82 fixedly connected to the sealing plate 81 and communicating with the lower groove 56 of the support plate, and a vacuum generating assembly (not shown in the figure) communicating with the connector 82. The vacuum generating assembly is prior art and may include a vacuum generator and a gas source.

[0039] By setting the above structure, after the housing 1 is positioned on the support plate 5, the vacuum generating assembly can extract the air from the groove 56 under the support plate through the connector 82, and then extract the air from the groove 52 on the support plate through the air hole 55, so as to adsorb the housing 1 onto the upper end face of the support plate 5 and the upper sealing gasket 53. In this process, the upper sealing gasket 53 plays a sealing role between the housing 1 and the groove 52 on the support plate, and the lower sealing gasket 57 plays a sealing role between the groove 56 under the support plate and the sealing plate 81.

[0040] After the housing 1 needs to be positioned and initially fixed, it needs to be fixed a second time to achieve its final fixation. Therefore, in this embodiment, a pressure plate 7 and a pressing component 6 are provided.

[0041] See Figure 7 , 8 As shown, the pressure plate 7 is detachably covered on the upper end of the housing 1, thereby achieving contact fixation of a large area of ​​the housing 1. The pressure plate 7 has a rectangular plate structure. In order to facilitate manual handling of the pressure plate 7, the lower end face of both sides of the pressure plate 7 is provided with a handling groove 71. Multiple positioning holes 72, pressure plate through holes 73 and pressure plate through grooves 74 are provided on the pressure plate 7 at the handling grooves 71.

[0042] Specifically, there are two positioning holes 72, which are respectively located on both sides of the pressure plate 7, see [reference]. Figure 4 As shown, two positioning posts 59 are vertically fixedly embedded in the support plate 5. The two positioning holes 72 of the pressure plate 7 can be respectively fitted onto the two positioning posts 59, thereby completing the positioning of the pressure plate 7. In order to achieve further positioning of the pressure plate 7, a positioning groove 75 is provided on the pressure plate 7. When the positioning hole 72 is fitted onto the positioning post 59, the positioning groove 75 can be fitted onto the non-hollow key 12 of the housing 1 to achieve positioning of the pressure plate 7.

[0043] The pressure plate through hole 73 penetrates the pressure plate 7 at the loading and unloading groove 71, see [reference]. Figure 7 As shown, a pressure plate through groove 74 is provided on the upper side of each pressure plate through hole 73, the pressure plate through groove 74 connects to the pressure plate through hole 73, and the width between the groove walls of the pressure plate through groove 74 is smaller than the inner diameter of the pressure plate through hole 73. A pressure plate groove 76 is provided on the upper end face of the pressure plate 7 at the pressure plate through groove 74, and the width of the groove wall of the pressure plate groove 76 is larger than the width between the groove walls of the pressure plate through groove 74.

[0044] See Figure 2 ,9 As shown, in order to fix the pressure plate 7 onto the housing 1 and thus complete the fixation of the housing 1, this utility model also includes multiple sets of pressing components 6. The pressing component 6 includes a pressing cylinder 61 fixedly connected to the support plate 5, a pressing member driven by the pressing cylinder 61 to fix the pressure plate 7, and a pressure plate through hole 73, a pressure plate through groove 74, and a pressure plate groove 76, which are respectively provided with the pressing component 6.

[0045] In this embodiment, to make the overall structure more compact and minimize the structural complexity above the support plate 5, the pressing cylinder 61 is a recessed design. That is, the pressing cylinder 61 is vertically fixed to the lower end face of the support plate 5 by bolts. The pressing cylinder 61 is a telescopic cylinder structure, and its telescopic rod can slide through the support plate 5. The pressing component is a pull-down bolt 62, which includes a screw 621 fixedly connected to the telescopic rod of the pressing cylinder 61 and a nut 622 provided on the upper end face of the screw 621. The nut 622 is integrally formed vertically with the screw 621, and the outer diameter of the nut 622 is larger than the outer diameter of the screw 621. The nut 622 and the screw 621 extend above the support plate 5.

[0046] See Figure 3 As shown, the inner diameter of the pressure plate through hole 73 is larger than the outer diameter of the nut 622 of the pull-down bolt 62, so that the nut 622 can be inserted into the pressure plate through hole 73 below the pressure plate through hole 73; the groove width of the pressure plate through groove 74 is smaller than the outer diameter of the nut 622 of the pull-down bolt 62, the groove width of the pressure plate groove 76 is larger than the outer diameter of the nut 622 of the pull-down bolt 62, and the groove width of the pressure plate through groove 74 is larger than the outer diameter of the screw 621. Thus, when the pressure plate 7 is moved, the screw 621 of the pull-down bolt 62 can enter the pressure plate through groove 74 through the pressure plate through hole 73. When the telescopic rod of the pressing cylinder 61 retracts, it drives the pull-down bolt 62 to move downward, so that the nut 622 is embedded in the pressure plate groove 76 and pressed against the bottom of the pressure plate groove 76 outside the pressure plate through groove 74. At this time, the positioning hole 72 is sleeved on the positioning post 59, thereby fixing the pressure plate 7.

[0047] Furthermore, in order to prevent the pressure plate 7 from damaging the housing 1, a pressure plate pad 77 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the pressure plate 7 by bolts.

[0048] The working principle and process of this embodiment are as follows: Install the base plate 2, turntable 3, tailstock 4, support plate 5 and other corresponding components as described above. In the initial state, the vacuum adsorption assembly 8 is not activated, and the telescopic rod of the pressing cylinder 61 is in the extended state. Place the housing 1 on the support plate 5 and fit the housing positioning hole 13 on the housing 1 onto the positioning pin 51. Start the vacuum adsorption assembly 8 to adsorb the housing 1 onto the support plate 5. See Figure 3As shown, the pressure plate through hole 73 of the pressure plate 7 is fitted onto the nut 622 of the corresponding pull-down bolt 62, and the lower end face of the nut 622 is positioned above the bottom of the groove of the pressure plate groove 76. Then, the pressure plate 7 is moved toward the nut 622 so that the pressure plate through groove 74 is fitted onto the screw 621. At this time, the nut 622 is embedded in the pressure plate groove 76, and the positioning hole 72 on the pressure plate 7 is positioned above the positioning post 59. Then, the pressure plate 7 is lowered so that the positioning hole 72 is fitted onto the positioning post 59. like Figure 1 As shown, the operator controls the telescopic rod of the pressing cylinder 61 to retract, thereby driving the pull-down bolt 62 to move downward. The nut 622 presses the bottom of the groove of the pressure plate 76, so that the pressure plate 7 presses the housing 1, thereby fixing the housing 1 on the support plate 5. Afterwards, the vacuum adsorption component 8 can be turned off, and the turntable 3 drives the support plate 5 to rotate until one side of the machining surface 14 is above. The CNC machine tool then uses the cutting tool to machine the machining surface 14 on that side of the housing 1. After the machining surface 14 on that side is completed, the turntable 3 drives the support plate 5 to rotate in the opposite direction to a specified angle, and the machining surface 14 on the other side can then be machined. After the processing surface 14 is completed, the turntable 3 drives the support plate 5 to rotate to a horizontal position, the telescopic rod of the pressing cylinder 61 extends, and the pressure plate 7 is moved upward manually so that the positioning hole 72 of the pressure plate 7 is disengaged from the positioning post 59. Then, the pressure plate 7 is moved manually so that the pressure plate through hole 73 of the pressure plate 7 is moved towards the direction close to the nut 622 until the nut 622 is directly above the pressure plate through hole 73. The pressure plate 7 is moved upward so that the pressure plate 7 is disengaged from the nut 622, and the pressure plate 7 can be removed. After that, the processed housing 1 can be removed.

[0049] It should be noted that this embodiment also requires a controller and solenoid valve, air source and other components that cooperate with the lowering cylinder 61, as well as a controller and other components that cooperate with the turntable 3. The connection method and control principle of these components with the lowering cylinder 61 and the turntable 3 are all existing technologies, and will not be described in detail here, as long as the above process can be met.

[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A machining fixture combining a four-axis spindle and a tailstock, comprising a base plate, characterized in that: A turntable and a tailstock are fixedly connected to each other on the base plate, and the two ends of the support plate are fixedly connected to the rotating ends of the turntable and the tailstock, respectively. At least two positioning pins are fixedly embedded in the support plate, and the housing positioning hole of the housing can be sleeved on the corresponding positioning pin to achieve the positioning of the housing; the pressure plate is detachably covered on the upper end of the housing, and a positioning groove is opened on the pressure plate, which can be sleeved on the non-hollow key of the housing to achieve the positioning of the pressure plate. It also includes multiple sets of pressing assemblies, each of which includes a pressing cylinder fixedly connected to the support plate and a pressing member driven by the pressing cylinder to fix the pressure plate.

2. The machining fixture combining a four-axis axis and a tailstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing component includes a pull-down bolt fixedly connected to the telescopic rod of the pressing cylinder; multiple pressure plate through holes are provided on the pressure plate, the inner diameter of the pressure plate through holes being larger than the outer diameter of the nut of the pull-down bolt; a pressure plate through groove is provided on the pressure plate on one side of the pressure plate through hole, the groove width of the pressure plate through groove being smaller than the outer diameter of the nut of the pull-down bolt; the pressure plate through holes and pressure plate through grooves are provided one-to-one with the pressing components, and the screw of the pull-down bolt can enter the pressure plate through groove through the pressure plate through hole.

3. The machining fixture combining a four-axis axis and a tailstock according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pressure plate groove is provided on the upper surface of the pressure plate at the pressure plate through groove, and the nut of the pull-down bolt can be embedded in the pressure plate groove.

4. The machining fixture combining a four-axis axis and a tailstock according to claim 2, characterized in that: A positioning post is fixedly embedded in the support plate, and a positioning hole is opened in the pressure plate. When the screw of the pull-down bolt is embedded in the through groove of the pressure plate, the positioning hole can be sleeved on the positioning post.

5. The machining fixture combining a four-axis axis and a tailstock according to claim 2, characterized in that: A groove is provided on the upper end face of the support plate, and an upper sealing gasket is embedded on the upper end face of the support plate outside the groove. A groove is provided on the lower end face of the support plate, and a lower sealing gasket is embedded on the lower end face of the support plate outside the groove. An air hole is provided in the groove of the support plate that connects to the groove of the lower support plate. It also includes a vacuum adsorption assembly, which includes a sealing plate fixedly covered on the lower sealing gasket, a connector fixedly connected to the sealing plate and communicating with the groove under the support plate, and a vacuum generating assembly communicating with the connector.

6. The machining fixture combining a four-axis axis and a tailstock according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of support protrusions are provided in the groove of the support plate, and the upper end surface of the support protrusions is flush with the upper end surface of the support plate.

7. The machining fixture combining a four-axis axis and a tailstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure plate pad is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the pressure plate.

8. The machining fixture combining a four-axis axis and a tailstock according to claim 2, characterized in that: Picking and placing grooves are provided on the lower end faces of both sides of the pressure plate, and the pressure plate through hole and pressure plate groove are opened on the pressure plate above the picking and placing groove.

9. The machining fixture combining a four-axis axis and a tailstock according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support plate pad is embedded in the support plate outside the groove on the support plate.

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