A Z-axis anti-falling locking structure for a high-speed gantry machining center

Abstract

The utility model discloses a Z axis anti -fall locking structure for high -speed gantry machining center belongs to numerical control machine tool technical field, this structure includes support frame, mesa, elevator and sliding block, and its key lies at, and anti -fall subassembly and friction subassembly are provided with between mesa and sliding block in parallel, the anti -fall subassembly includes the oil tank fixed in mesa and the push -in plate sliding with sliding block, and push -in plate divides the first oil groove and the second oil groove that pass through the oil groove intercommunication of oil tank, friction subassembly includes the sliding column fixed in mesa and the outer wall ring of sleeve joint in sliding column with the motion of sliding block, is provided with the rubber head of being extruded by outer wall ring and the spring of providing the elasticity for it on sliding column, when sliding block accidentally falls, and push -in plate extrudes oil and generates hydraulic damping, the utility model discloses through hydraulic and mechanical double -folded collaborative braking, has realized passive trigger, and the anti -fall buffer of quick response, and the structure is reliable, and the security is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology, and in particular to a Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for high-speed gantry machining centers. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed gantry machining centers are key equipment in modern manufacturing. Their Z-axis typically carries heavy moving parts, including the spindle, tool magazine, and drive motor, and is responsible for high-speed, high-precision reciprocating motion in the vertical direction.

[0003] In conventional structures, vertical positioning of the Z-axis primarily relies on the servo motor's built-in braking system and its associated ball screw and other transmission mechanisms. When the equipment is powered off or during normal shutdown, the motor's brake engages to overcome the gravity of the Z-axis components and maintain its current position. However, this single braking method inherently presents safety hazards.

[0004] With prolonged high-intensity operation, the brakes, lead screws, or connecting components of the servo motor can fail due to wear, fatigue, or sudden malfunctions. Once this failure occurs, the heavy Z-axis component will lose support under gravity and fall rapidly, directly impacting the workpiece or machine tool table below. This impact not only causes severe damage to core precision components such as cutting tools and spindles, leading to high repair costs and production stoppages, but also poses a significant threat to operator safety. Existing balance cylinders or counterweights are mainly used to balance the load and reduce servo motor power consumption, but they cannot provide effective fall protection in extreme situations such as transmission chain breakage.

[0005] Therefore, this utility model proposes a Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for high-speed gantry machining centers to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0006] To overcome the above deficiencies, this utility model provides a Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for high-speed gantry machining centers, aiming to improve the problem in the prior art that the Z-axis of high-speed gantry machining centers lacks a passive safety structure that can prevent rapid falls through the combined action of hydraulic buffering and mechanical friction when the drive system fails.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for a high-speed gantry machining center, comprising: a support frame, a table, a lifting device, and a sliding block, as well as an anti-fall component and a friction component. The anti-fall component includes an oil tank and a push plate, and the friction component includes a sliding column, a rubber head, a spring, and an outer wall ring. The support frame and the platform fixedly connected to the support frame constitute a basic frame. The lifter is installed on the platform to drive the sliding block to slide up and down. The anti-fall component and the friction component are both disposed between the platform and the sliding block to form a synergistic effect. The oil tank of the anti-fall component is fixed to the platform. The push plate of the anti-fall component is fixedly connected to the sliding block and can slide along the inner wall of the oil tank. The push plate divides the interior of the oil tank into a first oil groove and a second oil groove. The first oil groove and the second oil groove are connected through an oil outlet groove. The sliding column of the friction component is fixedly connected to the platform. The outer wall ring of the friction component is fixed to the sliding block and sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding column. The rubber head is radially movable on the sliding column. The spring is used to apply a radially outward elastic force to the rubber head.

[0008] Preferably, the outer wall of the rubber head has an arc structure, and the rubber head extends partially out of the outer wall of the sliding column in the unpressurized state to contact the inner wall of the outer wall ring.

[0009] Preferably, the friction assembly further includes a column, the sliding column having a cavity inside for accommodating the rubber head, the column being fixed to the bottom of the cavity, and the spring being sleeved on the outer periphery of the column and abutting against the inner side of the rubber head.

[0010] Preferably, the oil outlet groove is a through hole penetrating the push plate.

[0011] Preferably, the sliding block is the spindle box of a gantry machining center.

[0012] Preferably, the platform is a Z-axis slide that supports and guides the movement of the sliding block.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting device is a ball screw pair.

[0014] Preferably, the support frame is a gantry frame structure.

[0015] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model, by setting up mutually cooperating anti-fall components and friction components, enables the sliding block to generate hydraulic damping and mechanical friction braking force simultaneously when it falls unexpectedly. This solves the problems of failure risk and insufficient safety redundancy of the single anti-fall structure in the prior art, and achieves the technical effect of dual and redundant safety protection, thereby improving the overall reliability of the equipment.

[0016] 2. This utility model utilizes the kinetic energy of the sliding block's own weight to drive the anti-fall component and friction component to generate braking force, thus solving the problems of existing active anti-fall systems that rely on external energy, have delayed response, and fail due to power outages. It achieves the effects of passive triggering, instantaneous response, and reliable structure. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for a high-speed gantry machining center proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a table surface for a Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for a high-speed gantry machining center proposed in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a support frame for a Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for a high-speed gantry machining center proposed in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a lifting device for a Z-axis anti-fall locking structure in a high-speed gantry machining center, as proposed in this utility model. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a rubber head for a Z-axis anti-fall locking structure in a high-speed gantry machining center, as proposed in this utility model. Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0018] Legend: 1. Support frame; 2. Platform; 3. Lifter; 4. Anti-fall component; 401. Oil tank; 402. Push plate; 403. First oil tank; 404. Second oil tank; 405. Oil outlet; 5. Sliding block; 6. Friction component; 601. Sliding column; 602. Rubber head; 603. Spring; 604. Column; 605. Outer wall ring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] Reference Figures 1-6This utility model provides an embodiment of a Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for a high-speed gantry machining center, comprising a support frame 1, a table 2 fixedly connected to the support frame 1, a lifter 3 installed on the table 2, and a sliding block 5 driven by the lifter 3 to slide up and down along the guide rail of the table 2. The structure also includes an anti-fall component 4 and a friction component 6 for buffer braking. Both the anti-fall component 4 and the friction component 6 are disposed between the table 2 and the sliding block 5. The anti-fall component 4 includes an oil tank 401 and a push plate 402. The oil tank 401 is fixed to the table 2, and the push plate 402 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 5 and can... Sliding along the inner wall of the oil tank 401, the push plate 402 divides the interior of the oil tank 401 into a first oil groove 403 and a second oil groove 404. The first oil groove 403 and the second oil groove 404 are connected through an oil outlet groove 405. The friction assembly 6 includes a sliding column 601, a rubber head 602, a spring 603 and an outer wall ring 605. The sliding column 601 is fixedly connected to the table 2. The outer wall ring 605 is fixed to the sliding block 5 and sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding column 601. The rubber head 602 is radially movable on the sliding column 601. The spring 603 is used to apply a radially outward elastic force to the rubber head 602. The oil tank 401 is fixed to the platform 2 by bolts. One end of the push plate 402 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding block 5. The other end of the push plate 402 extends into the oil tank 401 and can slide along the inner wall of the oil tank 401. The push plate 402 divides the internal space of the oil tank 401 into a first oil tank 403 and a second oil tank 404. The push plate 402 has a through hole along the axial direction, which serves as an oil outlet 405. The oil outlet 405 connects the first oil tank 403 and the second oil tank 404, so that when the sliding block 5 drives the push plate 402 to move in the oil tank 401, the oil must flow between the first oil tank 403 and the second oil tank 404 through the oil outlet 405 with a fixed cross-sectional area, thereby forming hydraulic damping. The sliding column 601 is fixedly connected to the platform 2 at its end. The outer wall ring 605 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the sliding block 5 through its outer wall. The inner hole of the outer wall ring 605 is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding column 601. A cavity for accommodating the rubber head 602 is opened radially on the sliding column 601. A column body 604 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cavity. A spring 603 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the column body 604. One end of the spring 603 abuts against the root of the column body 604, and the other end of the spring 603 abuts against the inner side of the rubber head 602. The outer wall of the rubber head 602 has an outwardly protruding arc structure. Under the elastic force of the spring 603, the rubber head 602 partially protrudes from the outer wall of the sliding column 601 in the uncompressed state. The inner wall of the outer wall ring 605 will inevitably squeeze the arc structure of the rubber head 602, thereby compressing the spring 603 and increasing the friction. To achieve reliable compression and increased friction, the outer wall of the rubber head 602 has an outwardly protruding arc structure. Under the elastic force of the spring 603, the rubber head 602 partially extends beyond the outer wall of the sliding column 601 in the uncompressed state, ensuring contact and compression with the inner wall of the outer ring 605 that slides along the sliding column 601. To provide stable support and guidance for the spring 603, a cavity is provided inside the sliding column 601 to accommodate the rubber head 602 and the spring 603. A column body 604 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cavity. The spring 603 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the column body 604, and one end of the spring 603 abuts against the column body 604. At the root of 4, the other end of the spring 603 abuts against the inner side of the rubber head 602. In order to simplify the structure and accurately control the oil flow rate, the oil outlet groove 405 is specifically a through hole opened axially on the push plate 402. In order to clarify the specific correspondence of each component in the high-speed gantry machining center, the sliding block 5 is specifically the spindle box of the gantry machining center, and the table 2 is specifically the Z-axis slide that carries and guides the movement of the spindle box. In order to achieve high-precision lifting motion control, the lifting device 3 is preferably a ball screw pair. In order to provide a stable overall structural foundation, the support frame 1 is specifically a gantry frame structure, which provides rigid support for the installation and movement of the table 2.

[0021] Working principle: Under normal working conditions, the lifting device 3 drives the sliding block 5 to move smoothly up and down along the guide rail of the table 2 to carry out the normal processing procedure of the machining center. At this time, the push plate 402 in the anti-fall component 4 moves slowly with the sliding block 5. The oil flows smoothly through the oil outlet 405 between the first oil groove 403 and the second oil groove 404 without generating significant resistance. At the same time, the outer wall ring 605 in the friction component 6 also slides smoothly along the sliding column 601 with the sliding block 5. The rubber head 602 maintains slight contact or a small gap with the inner wall of the outer wall ring 605, without generating significant friction braking force. When an unexpected situation occurs, such as the failure of the lifting device 3 or the breakage of the transmission connection, causing the sliding block 5 to lose its driving force and begin to fall due to gravity, the dual anti-fall function of this structure is activated instantly. First, the push plate 402, which is fixedly connected to the sliding block 5, will press down at high speed to squeeze the oil in the first oil tank 403 in the oil tank 401. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the oil outlet 405 is fixed, the oil cannot flow into the second oil tank 404 quickly, thereby generating a huge hydraulic damping force in the first oil tank 403. The direction of this damping force is opposite to the falling direction of the sliding block 5, which slows down the falling speed of the sliding block 5. At the same time, as the sliding block 5 falls, the outer wall ring 605 fixed on the sliding block 5 will slide down the sliding column 601 at high speed. When the inner wall of the outer wall ring 605 contacts and squeezes the outer wall of the arc structure of the rubber head 602, it will press the rubber head 602 into the interior of the sliding column 601, thereby compressing the spring 603 behind it. The reaction force generated by the compression of the spring 603 and the deformation force of the rubber head 602 itself will increase the radial pressure between the outer wall ring 605, the rubber head 602 and the sliding column 601, thereby causing a surge in the friction between them and producing a powerful mechanical braking effect. Ultimately, the combined effect of hydraulic damping force and mechanical friction braking force transforms the free fall motion of sliding block 5 into a slow and controllable descent process, effectively preventing sliding block 5 and components such as the spindle mounted on sliding block 5 from impacting the workpiece or machine tool table below at high speed, thus providing effective protection for the equipment itself, the cutting tool, and the workpiece.

Claims

1. A Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for a high-speed gantry machining center, comprising: Support frame (1) and tabletop (2), wherein the tabletop (2) is fixedly connected to the support frame (1); Lifter (3), which is installed on the platform (2); Sliding block (5), which is driven up and down by the lifting device (3); Its characteristic is that it further includes: The anti-fall component (4) and the friction component (6) are provided. The anti-fall component (4) includes an oil tank (401) and a push plate (402). The oil tank (401) is fixed to the table surface (2). The push plate (402) is fixedly connected to the sliding block (5) and can slide along the inner wall of the oil tank (401). The push plate (402) divides the interior of the oil tank (401) into a first oil trough (403) and a second oil trough (404). The first oil trough (403) and the second oil trough (404) are connected through an oil outlet trough (405). The friction assembly (6) includes: a sliding column (601), a rubber head (602), a spring (603), and an outer wall ring (605). The sliding column (601) is fixedly connected to the table (2). The rubber head (602) is radially movable on the sliding column (601). The spring (603) is used to apply a radially outward elastic force to the rubber head (602). The outer wall ring (605) is fixed to the sliding block (5) and sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding column (601).

2. The Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for a high-speed gantry machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the rubber head (602) has an arc structure. When the rubber head (602) is not under pressure, it extends out of the outer wall of the sliding column (601) to contact the inner wall of the outer wall ring (605).

3. The Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for a high-speed gantry machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction assembly (6) also includes a column (604), the sliding column (601) has a cavity inside for the rubber head (602) to be accommodated, the column (604) is fixed to the bottom of the cavity, and the spring (603) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the column (604) and abuts against the inner side of the rubber head (602).

4. The Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for a high-speed gantry machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil outlet groove (405) is a through hole that penetrates the push plate (402).

5. The Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for a high-speed gantry machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding block (5) is the spindle box of the gantry machining center.

6. The Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for a high-speed gantry machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The platform (2) is a Z-axis slide that supports and guides the movement of the sliding block (5).

7. The Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for a high-speed gantry machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device (3) is a ball screw pair.

8. The Z-axis anti-fall locking structure for a high-speed gantry machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (1) is a gantry frame structure.

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