A rapid positioning device for a workpiece

Abstract

The utility model relates to tool fixture technical field discloses a quick positioning device of work piece, including positioning table, be equipped with liftable tray, multiple pressure tightly, multiple accurate positioning pin and multiple equal height post on the positioning table, the tray is the special-shaped frame structure with work piece cooperation, be equipped with multiple limit block and multiple coarse positioning pin on the tray, multiple pressure tightly are along the tray periphery setting, multiple accurate positioning pin are connected with work piece's positioning hole cooperation, multiple equal height post stick work piece bottom horizontal part. The utility model aims at realizing the quick and accurate positioning of work piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tooling and fixture technology, specifically to a rapid positioning device for a workpiece. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, before a workpiece undergoes cutting, drilling, milling, or other operations on a machine tool, it must be precisely positioned and reliably clamped. The positioning accuracy of the workpiece directly determines the dimensional accuracy and geometric tolerances of the final product, and is a core prerequisite for ensuring product quality. If the workpiece is not positioned accurately, it will not only lead to dimensional deviations and shape errors in the machined product, affecting the assembly accuracy and performance of the product, but may also cause collisions between the cutting tool and the workpiece, damaging the machine tool and cutting tool, resulting in serious production accidents and economic losses.

[0003] Currently, most positioning devices on the market employ a fixed positioning structure, typically consisting of multiple locating pins and blocks at fixed positions on the positioning platform. The locating pins are usually cylindrical and, by engaging with locating holes on the workpiece, restrict the workpiece's translational freedom in the horizontal plane. The locating blocks are designed with specific shapes to fit the outer contour of the workpiece, further restricting its rotational freedom. Simultaneously, to clamp the workpiece and prevent it from moving during processing due to force, multiple clamping mechanisms, such as bolt clamping and cylinder clamping, are installed around the positioning platform. Through the combined action of the locating pins, locating blocks, and clamping mechanisms, the workpiece is positioned and fixed.

[0004] However, when parts are placed into the fixture for positioning, the positioning holes are located at the bottom of the workpiece and are completely obscured by the upper structure and material, leaving the operator in a "blind operation" state, unable to directly observe the hole alignment process. Meanwhile, to ensure positioning accuracy, the clearance between the positioning pin and the positioning hole is usually extremely small. With obstructed vision, attempting to fit the workpiece into the positioning pin by feel alone is extremely difficult, not only preventing quick installation but often requiring repeated adjustments and trials, wasting a significant amount of time. More seriously, even minor deviations can easily cause the edges of the positioning pin to strongly scrape against the machined hole opening of the workpiece, scratching the surface. This cosmetic damage is fatal for products that require subsequent painting or are inherently cosmetic components, directly leading to the scrapping of the workpiece due to poor appearance, resulting in huge quality losses and economic waste. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a rapid positioning device for workpieces, so as to achieve rapid and accurate positioning of workpieces.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A rapid positioning device for a workpiece includes a positioning platform. The positioning platform is provided with a liftable tray, multiple clamping components, multiple precision positioning pins, and multiple leveling posts. The tray is an irregularly shaped frame structure that cooperates with the workpiece. The tray is provided with multiple limiting blocks and multiple coarse positioning pins. The multiple clamping components are arranged along the periphery of the tray. The multiple precision positioning pins are connected to the positioning holes of the workpiece. The multiple leveling posts are attached to the horizontal part of the bottom of the workpiece.

[0007] The principles and advantages of this scheme are: 1. The workpiece is triple-limited by a limiting block, a coarse locating pin, and a fine locating pin. The limiting block is set along the circumference of the pallet, ensuring the uniqueness of the workpiece placement position and fundamentally preventing the possibility of the workpiece being placed backwards or incorrectly. Guided by the limiting block, the coarse locating pin smoothly inserts into the corresponding locating hole of the workpiece for preliminary hole positioning. During the pallet descent, the fine locating pin smoothly inserts into the corresponding locating hole of the workpiece to complete the final high-precision positioning. The triple limiting of the workpiece improves the accuracy of workpiece positioning and provides a guarantee for the accuracy of subsequent processing.

[0008] 2. By using the guide of the limit block as a pre-positioning, the coarse positioning pin is directly inserted into the corresponding positioning hole of the workpiece. After positioning is completed, the tray descends, allowing the fine positioning pin to be directly inserted into the corresponding positioning hole of the workpiece. This avoids the situation where the workpiece directly contacts the positioning pin before pre-positioning, which would cause surface scratches. This effectively protects the surface quality of the workpiece and eliminates the process of aligning the positioning pin with the positioning hole, thus achieving fast and accurate clamping of the workpiece.

[0009] 3. When installing a workpiece, the worker only needs to lower the workpiece along multiple limit blocks. Under the limitation and guidance of the limit blocks, the coarse positioning pin automatically aligns with the positioning hole at the bottom of the workpiece. When the workpiece is completely placed on the tray, the limit blocks and the coarse positioning pin have achieved double limitation of the workpiece. Then the tray automatically descends vertically. At this time, the fine positioning pin automatically aligns with the positioning hole at the bottom of the workpiece. When the tray descends to the lowest point, the workpiece is fixed. The workpiece installation process is divided into three simple steps. The worker only needs to lower the outer surface of the workpiece along multiple limit blocks in the first step. There is no need to align the positioning pin when it is not visible. This greatly reduces the difficulty of workpiece installation and achieves fast and accurate installation of the workpiece.

[0010] 4. The contour column not only supports the horizontal part of the workpiece at the bottom, but also detects whether the workpiece is installed in place through the through hole and the ventilation device. When the workpiece is in contact with the top of the contour column and the through hole is sealed so that the through hole is not leaking air, it indicates that the workpiece is installed in place. This detection method is simple and effective, and further ensures the accuracy of workpiece positioning.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, the positioning platform is also provided with a liftable support.

[0012] Technical effect: The above-mentioned settings in this solution can automatically raise and lower the suspended part of the workpiece, providing effective support for the workpiece and ensuring its stability during positioning and processing.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, the positioning platform is provided with a lifting cylinder for driving the pallet to rise and fall, and the driving end of the lifting cylinder is connected to the pallet through a support rod.

[0014] Technical benefits: The above-mentioned configuration allows the support rod to be U-shaped, providing installation space for the hydraulic cylinder and avoiding motion interference.

[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, the plurality of limiting blocks are arranged along the circumference of the tray and all have different shapes, and the limiting blocks are provided with a contoured surface near the inner side of the tray that mates with the outer side of the workpiece.

[0016] Technical benefits: The above-mentioned setup ensures that each workpiece has only one correct placement position on the pallet, fundamentally preventing operators from accidentally placing the workpiece in the wrong position, improving the accuracy and uniqueness of workpiece positioning, and reducing installation errors.

[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, the plurality of coarse locating pins are engaged with the locating holes of the workpiece.

[0018] Technical effect: With the above settings, the coarse positioning pin can be quickly inserted into the workpiece positioning hole during the placement process on the pallet to perform preliminary positioning of the workpiece, providing a foundation for subsequent precise positioning.

[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, the height of the coarse locating pin is lower than the height of the limiting block.

[0020] Technical effect: The above settings ensure that the workpiece contacts the contoured surface of the limiting block first when it is placed, and then the coarse positioning pin is inserted. This avoids the situation where the workpiece contacts the coarse positioning pin first, which would cause surface scratches and effectively protects the surface quality of the workpiece.

[0021] Preferably, as an improvement, the contour column is provided with a vertical through hole, and a ventilation device is connected to the bottom of the through hole.

[0022] Technical effect: This solution adopts the above settings, and air is supplied into the through hole through the ventilation device. Whether the workpiece seals the through hole is used to judge whether the workpiece is installed in place. When the through hole is airtight, it indicates that the workpiece is installed correctly; if it leaks, it means that the installation is not in place. This can detect installation problems in time and ensure the accuracy of workpiece positioning.

[0023] Preferably, as an improvement, the clamping component includes a clamping cylinder and a pressure plate, the pressure plate being connected to the clamping cylinder via a lifting rod, and the pressure plate and the lifting rod being rotatably connected.

[0024] Technical benefits: The above-mentioned configuration and the rotatable pressure plate design allow the pressure plate to rotate completely out of the working area when placing or removing the workpiece, providing the operator with a spacious and unobstructed operating space, greatly improving the convenience and safety of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the state of the workpiece being clamped according to this utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the equal-height column structure of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the contour column of this utility model.

[0030] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: workpiece 1, positioning table 2, tray 3, limit block 31, coarse positioning pin 32, support rod 33, lifting cylinder 4, fine positioning pin 5, leveling column 6, through hole 61, support component 7, clamping component 8, clamping cylinder 81, and pressure plate 82. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: Example The basics are as follows: Figure 1-5 As shown: A rapid positioning device for a workpiece 1 includes a positioning platform 2. The positioning platform 2 is equipped with a liftable tray 3, multiple clamping components 8, multiple precision positioning pins 5, and multiple leveling columns 6. The tray 3 is an irregularly shaped frame structure that cooperates with the workpiece 1. The positioning platform 2 is equipped with a lifting cylinder 4 for driving the tray 3 to rise and fall. The driving end of the lifting cylinder 4 is connected to the tray 3 through a support rod 33. The support rod 33 has an inverted U-shaped structure and provides an installation position for the lifting cylinder 4. The lifting cylinder 4 drives the support rod 33 and the tray 3 to rise and fall relative to the positioning platform 2. The tray 3 is equipped with multiple limiting blocks 31 and multiple coarse positioning pins 32 for coarse positioning of the workpiece 1. Multiple clamping components 8 are arranged along the periphery of the tray 3 to press the workpiece 1 onto the tray 3 and the positioning platform 2. Multiple precision positioning pins 5 are connected to the positioning holes of the workpiece 1 for precision positioning of the workpiece 1. Multiple leveling columns 6 fit against the bottom horizontal part of the workpiece 1 to support the workpiece 1 and detect whether the workpiece 1 is installed in place.

[0032] Multiple limiting blocks 31 are arranged around the circumference of the tray 3, and their shapes are all different. Each limiting block 31 has a contoured surface near the inner side of the tray 3 that is connected to the outer side of the workpiece 1, so that when the workpiece 1 is placed on the tray 3 along multiple limiting blocks 31 at the same time, there is only one placement position. Furthermore, the top of the contoured surface of each limiting block 31 is provided with an inclined guide surface to guide the workpiece 1 to smoothly fit the contoured surface.

[0033] The positions of multiple coarse positioning pins 32 on the tray 3 are connected to the positioning holes of the workpiece 1. Under the guidance and restriction of the limiting block 31, when the workpiece 1 moves along the contour surface of the limiting block 31 to the tray 3, the coarse positioning pins 32 can be smoothly inserted into the corresponding positioning holes at the bottom of the workpiece 1. That is, when the workpiece 1 is placed on the tray 3, the side of the workpiece 1 must be in contact with the contour surface of multiple limiting blocks 31, and at the same time, the coarse positioning pins 32 are inserted into the corresponding positioning holes.

[0034] It should be noted that the height of the coarse positioning pin 32 needs to be lower than the height of the limit block 31 to ensure that the workpiece 1 is first attached to the contour surface of the limit block 31 before the coarse positioning pin 32 is inserted, so as to avoid the workpiece 1 being scratched due to contact with the coarse positioning pin 32 first.

[0035] The positioning platform 2 is also equipped with a liftable support 7. The support 7 supports the suspended part of the workpiece 1 that is not placed on the tray 3, and the support 7 can automatically lift and fit the workpiece 1.

[0036] A through hole 61 is vertically provided on the contour column 6. A venting device is connected to the bottom of the through hole 61. When the workpiece 1 is installed, the venting device continuously supplies air into the through hole 61. When the workpiece 1 is attached to the top of the contour column 6 and seals the through hole 61, that is, when the through hole 61 does not leak air, it means that the workpiece 1 is installed in place. Conversely, if the through hole 61 leaks air, it means that the workpiece 1 is not installed in place.

[0037] The clamping component 8 includes a clamping cylinder 81 and a pressure plate 82. The pressure plate 82 is connected to the clamping cylinder 81 via a lifting rod. The clamping cylinder 81 drives the pressure plate 82 to move up and down to clamp the workpiece 1 via the lifting rod. The pressure plate 82 and the lifting rod are rotatably connected. When placing the workpiece 1, the pressure plate 82 is rotated outward without interfering with the installation of the workpiece 1. When the workpiece 1 needs to be clamped, the pressure plate 82 is rotated inward, and the clamping cylinder 81 then drives the pressure plate 82 to descend and clamp the workpiece 1.

[0038] In actual use, the lifting cylinder 4 first raises the tray 3, at which point the pressure plate 82 is rotating outward. The workpiece 1 is then placed downwards along the contoured surface of the multiple limiting blocks 31. Before the bottom of the workpiece 1 contacts the tray 3, the coarse positioning pin 32 is inserted into the corresponding positioning hole at the bottom of the workpiece 1. At this point, the multiple limiting blocks 31 provide the first layer of limitation for the workpiece 1, and the multiple coarse positioning pins 32 provide the second layer of limitation. After the workpiece 1 is completely placed on the tray 3, the lifting cylinder 4 lowers the tray 3 and the workpiece 1 on it. During the descent, the fine positioning pin 5 is inserted into the corresponding positioning hole at the bottom of the workpiece 1, providing the third layer of limitation for the workpiece 1. When the tray 3 descends to its lowest point, multiple leveling posts 6 fit against the bottom of the workpiece 1. When the workpiece 1 seals the through holes 61 on the leveling posts 6, the workpiece 1 is installed. At this time, the support 7 rises to fit against the suspended part of the workpiece 1. The pressure plate 82 is manually rotated inward, and the clamping cylinder 81 drives the pressure plate 82 to descend and clamp the workpiece 1, ensuring that the workpiece 1 does not move during subsequent processing. Finally, the machine tool is started to process the workpiece 1.

[0039] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solution of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A rapid positioning device for a workpiece, characterized in that: The device includes a positioning platform, which is equipped with a liftable tray, multiple clamping components, multiple precision positioning pins, and multiple leveling columns. The tray is an irregularly shaped frame structure that mates with the workpiece. The tray is equipped with multiple limiting blocks and multiple coarse positioning pins. The multiple clamping components are arranged around the periphery of the tray. The multiple precision positioning pins are connected to the positioning holes of the workpiece. The multiple leveling columns fit against the horizontal part of the bottom of the workpiece.

2. The rapid positioning device for a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning platform is also equipped with a liftable support.

3. The rapid positioning device for a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning platform is equipped with a lifting cylinder for driving the pallet to rise and fall, and the driving end of the lifting cylinder is connected to the pallet through a support rod.

4. The rapid positioning device for a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple limiting blocks are arranged along the circumference of the tray, and their shapes are all different. The limiting blocks have a contoured surface near the inner side of the tray that mates with the outer side of the workpiece.

5. The rapid positioning device for a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coarse locating pins are engaged with the locating holes of the workpiece.

6. The rapid positioning device for a workpiece according to claim 5, characterized in that: The height of the coarse locating pin is lower than the height of the limiting block.

7. The rapid positioning device for a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contour column is vertically provided with a through hole, and a ventilation device is connected to the bottom of the through hole.

8. The rapid positioning device for a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping component includes a clamping cylinder and a pressure plate. The pressure plate is connected to the clamping cylinder via a lifting rod, and the pressure plate and the lifting rod are rotatably connected.

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