A PCB loading device for smoke alarm assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses a PCB board feeding device for smoke alarm ware assembly includes: input mechanism is used for the TRAY tray that has been stacked and has put PCB board to carry out inward input, unstacking unit is used for splitting stacked TRAY tray into single TRAY tray and carries out output, lifting mechanism is used for lifting single TRAY tray to the predetermined position of grabbing PCB board, empty TRAY tray removes and carries unit and is used for empty TRAY tray to transplant to the output mechanism on, the output mechanism is located the upside of input mechanism and unstacking unit, the transport direction of output mechanism and input mechanism is opposite, first manipulator is used for grabbing the PCB board on single TRAY tray to the temporary storage unit, second manipulator is used for grabbing the PCB board on temporary storage unit to the next process to the subsequent assembly process. The utility model reduces maintenance complexity, reduces manual intervention, reduces artificial cost and material loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of smoke alarm assembly technology, and in particular to a PCB board loading device for assembling smoke alarms. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing process of electronic products such as smoke detectors, automated loading of printed circuit boards (PCBs) is a crucial step in the assembly line. Traditional loading methods typically involve manual operation, where workers remove PCBs one by one from stacked trays and place them on a conveyor belt or assembly station. This method is not only inefficient and difficult to match the cycle time requirements of modern automated production lines, but it is also prone to problems such as PCB scratches, electrostatic damage, or inaccurate placement due to human factors, directly affecting product quality and production stability.

[0003] To replace manual operations, semi-automated material handling equipment has gradually emerged in the industry. These devices typically use simple conveyor mechanisms in conjunction with robotic arms to handle PCB board loading and unloading. However, these devices still have significant shortcomings in automating the processing of stacked trays: First, in the tray destacking process, most devices lack effective separation mechanisms, easily resulting in multiple trays being output at once or tray jamming; second, the recycling of empty trays often requires additional manual intervention or a separate collection process, disrupting production continuity; third, the connections between the functional modules of existing equipment are not smooth enough, and there is waiting time in the transfer of PCB boards between processes, affecting overall production efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a PCB board loading device for assembling smoke alarms, thereby solving the above-mentioned defects.

[0005] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A PCB board loading device for assembling smoke detectors, comprising: The input mechanism is used to input the stacked TRAY disks containing PCB boards into the interior. The destacking unit is used to break down stacked trays into individual trays for output. The lifting mechanism is used to lift a single TRAY disk to a predetermined position for gripping the PCB board; An empty TRAY tray transfer unit is used to transfer empty TRAY trays to an output mechanism located above the input mechanism and the destacking unit, with the output mechanism having the opposite transport direction to the input mechanism. The first robotic arm is used to pick up the PCB board from a single TRAY disk and place it onto the temporary storage unit. The second robotic arm is used to pick up the PCB board from the temporary storage unit and transfer it to the next process for subsequent assembly.

[0006] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, the device further includes a base frame, on which a rectangular frame is fixed, and the input mechanism is disposed inside the rectangular frame; the input mechanism includes a first conveyor line and a second conveyor line, the first conveyor line and the second conveyor line are respectively driven by a first conveyor motor, and two opposing first limiting plates are respectively disposed on the first conveyor line and the second conveyor line, and a TRAY tray containing a PCB board is stacked between the two first limiting plates; the destacking unit is located at the output end of the second conveyor line.

[0007] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, a blocking and limiting component is further provided between the first conveyor line and the second conveyor line. The blocking and limiting component includes two blocking seats fixed in a rectangular frame and arranged opposite to each other. A blocking cylinder is fixed on the blocking seat. A blocking plate is fixed to the output end of the blocking cylinder. When the output end of the blocking cylinder extends, the blocking plate extends into the gap between two adjacent first limiting plates, thereby blocking the TRAY trays stacked on the first conveyor line and the second conveyor line.

[0008] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, the destacking unit includes a destacking seat fixed to a base frame. A lifting shaft is vertically mounted on the destacking seat via four bearing sleeves. A lifting motor is fixed to the upper center of the destacking seat. A lifting screw is screwed to the output end of the lifting motor. The upper end of the lifting screw abuts against the lower center of a lifting plate. The lifting plate is fixed to the upper end of the lifting shaft. Four fixing seats are also fixed to the destacking seat. A third conveyor line is fixed to each fixing seat. The third conveyor line is driven by a second conveyor motor. The middle part of the third conveyor line is a cavity, and the lifting plate is located inside the cavity. The lifting plate raises the T-shaped section on the third conveyor line. The TRAY tray; two opposing uprights are fixed on the destacking base, a destacking cylinder is fixed on the uprights, a destacking plate is fixed to the output end of the destacking cylinder, a splitting clamp is fixed to the inner side of the destacking plate, and several extension pieces are bent into shape on the inner side of the splitting clamp. The side of the TRAY tray has a groove that matches the extension pieces. The stacked TRAY trays are raised by the lifting plate. After reaching the predetermined position, the splitting clamp is driven by the destacking cylinder to clamp the second TRAY tray from the bottom. Then the lifting plate descends, so that the split TRAY tray is repositioned on the third conveyor line and conveyed to the lifting mechanism.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, two opposing second limiting plates are fixed on the third conveyor line, and a baffle is fixed between the ends of the two second limiting plates. A gap is formed between the lower side of the baffle and the third conveyor line to facilitate the passage of the TRAY disc. The second limiting plates are also provided with through grooves to facilitate the disassembly of the clamp for operation.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting frame fixed to a base frame. Two parallel linear slide rails are vertically fixed inside the lifting frame. A lead screw is also vertically fixed inside the lifting frame. The lead screw is driven by a lifting motor. A lifting seat is fixed to the sliding nut of the lead screw and the slider of the linear slide rail. The lifting seat is located inside the lifting frame. A fourth conveyor line is also fixed on the lifting seat. The lifting of the fourth conveyor line lifts a single TRAY disc from the bottom to a predetermined upper position.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, a limit frame is fixed at the upper end of the fourth conveyor line, and clamping cylinders are also fixed on both sides of the fourth conveyor line. The output end of the clamping cylinder is fixed with a gripper for clamping the TRAY disc.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, the empty TRAY tray transfer unit includes a stand fixed to a base frame, bases fixed to the stand frame and the lifting frame respectively, a horizontal plate fixed between the upper ends of the two bases, a horizontal electric cylinder fixed to the inner side of the horizontal plate, a vertical electric cylinder fixed to the output end of the horizontal electric cylinder, a transfer seat fixed to the output end of the vertical electric cylinder, a transfer plate fixed to the lower side of the transfer seat, and a first suction head for picking up the TRAY tray fixed to the transfer plate; the empty TRAY tray is picked up and transferred to the output mechanism by the empty TRAY tray transfer unit.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, the output mechanism includes a fifth conveyor line disposed on a rectangular frame, the fifth conveyor line being used to stack and output empty TRAY discs.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, the temporary storage unit includes a temporary storage rack fixed on a base frame, two parallel sliding cylinders fixed on the temporary storage rack, and a temporary storage disk for placing PCB boards fixed on the output end of the sliding cylinders.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention employs a coordinated system of input mechanism, destacking unit, lifting mechanism, empty tray transfer unit, and dual robotic arms to achieve a complete closed-loop process from automatic input of stacked trays, precise destacking, step-by-step transfer of PCB boards, to empty tray recycling and output. Specifically, the input mechanism ensures precise positioning of the trays through the cooperation of a first limiting plate and a blocking cylinder, preventing offset during transport. The destacking unit, through the ingenious design of a lifting plate and a splitting clamp, achieves reliable separation of stacked trays and single-tray output, effectively reducing the risk of jamming. The lifting mechanism utilizes a lead screw and linear guide rail to lift the trays. The smooth lifting and lowering, combined with the clamping cylinder and limit frame, ensures the high stability of the PCB board gripping position; the empty TRAY tray transfer unit realizes the rapid transfer of empty trays and optimized space layout through the combination of electric cylinder and suction cup; and the cooperation between the dual robotic arms and the temporary storage unit forms an efficient process buffer, making the flow of PCB boards from loading to assembly seamless; the overall device has a compact structure, and the modular design reduces maintenance complexity, while the closed-loop material flow design significantly reduces manual intervention, which not only greatly improves the production cycle and consistency of smoke alarm assembly, but also effectively reduces labor costs and material losses. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the input mechanism and the destacking unit; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point I in the image; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the destacking unit; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the destacking unit from another perspective; Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the destacking unit from another perspective; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the lifting mechanism and the empty TRAY disk transfer unit; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the temporary storage unit. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed utility model, but merely represents selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0018] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a PCB board loading device for assembling smoke detectors includes: Input mechanism A is used to input the stacked TRAY disks containing PCB boards into the interior; Destacking unit B is used to break down stacked TRAY trays into individual TRAY trays for output. Lifting mechanism C is used to lift a single TRAY disk to a predetermined position for gripping the PCB board; Empty TRAY tray transfer unit D is used to transfer empty TRAY trays to the output mechanism. The output mechanism E is located above the input mechanism A and the destacking unit B. The transport direction of the output mechanism E is opposite to that of the input mechanism A. The first robotic arm F is used to pick up the PCB board on a single TRAY disk and put it onto the temporary storage unit G. The second robotic arm H is used to pick up the PCB board from the temporary storage unit G and transfer it to the next process for subsequent assembly.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, the device further includes a base frame 1, on which a rectangular frame is fixed, and the input mechanism is disposed inside the rectangular frame; the input mechanism includes a first conveyor line 2 and a second conveyor line 3, which are driven by a first conveyor motor respectively, and two opposing first limiting plates 4 are respectively disposed on the first conveyor line 2 and the second conveyor line 3, on which TRAY trays containing PCB boards are stacked and placed between the two first limiting plates 4; the destacking unit is located at the output end of the second conveyor line 3.

[0020] The input mechanism feeds stacked TRAY trays inward via the first conveyor line 2 and the second conveyor line 3. A first conveyor motor provides power to ensure continuous conveying. A first limiting plate 4 laterally limits the TRAY trays to prevent them from shifting or tipping over during transport. This structure achieves stable input of the TRAY trays, preparing them for subsequent destacking processes and improving the overall reliability and efficiency of the feeding process. The first conveyor line 2 and the second conveyor line 3 utilize existing technology, with belts providing surface transmission for transporting the TRAY trays.

[0021] The first conveyor line 2 and the second conveyor line 3 can be replaced by roller conveyor lines or chain conveyor lines. The first limiting plate 4 can be detachably fixed to the conveyor line by bolts (e.g., using T-bolts and slotted holes to adjust the position), facilitating the adjustment of the spacing according to the TRAY disc size. The first conveyor motor can be a stepper motor or a servo motor to achieve adjustable speed and precise control. The first conveyor line 2 and the second conveyor line 3 can be arranged horizontally side by side or vertically in layers to save space.

[0022] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, a blocking and limiting component is further provided between the first conveying line 2 and the second conveying line 3. The blocking and limiting component includes two blocking seats 5 fixed in a rectangular frame and arranged opposite to each other. A blocking cylinder 6 is fixed on the blocking seat 5. A blocking plate 7 is fixed to the output end of the blocking cylinder 6. When the output end of the blocking cylinder 6 extends, the blocking plate 7 extends into the gap between two adjacent first limiting plates 4, and the TRAY trays stacked on the first conveying line 2 and the second conveying line 3 are blocked by the blocking plate 7.

[0023] The blocking and limiting assembly extends the blocking plate 7 via the blocking cylinder 6, physically blocking the TRAY tray from advancing and ensuring accurate positioning of the TRAY tray before processing by the destacking unit. This avoids collisions or stacking disorder caused by excessive transport of the TRAY tray, improving the coordination and safety of the device. The blocking cylinder 6 can be replaced by an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder, depending on the control requirements. The blocking plate 7 can be detachably fixed to the cylinder output end via a threaded connection or quick clamp (e.g., spring collet), facilitating the replacement of worn parts. The blocking seat 5 can be fixed to the rectangular frame by welding or bolts (e.g., using angle iron and bolts), and its position can be adjusted along the rectangular frame guide rails to accommodate different stacking heights. The blocking plate 7 can be designed in an L-shape or flat shape to optimize the blocking effect according to the shape of the TRAY tray.

[0024] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, the destacking unit includes a destacking seat 8 fixed on a base frame 1. A lifting shaft 9 is vertically mounted on the destacking seat 8 via four bearing sleeves. A lifting motor 10 is fixed to the upper center of the destacking seat 8. A lifting screw is screwed to the output end of the lifting motor 10. The upper end of the lifting screw abuts against the lower center of a lifting plate 11. The lifting plate 11 is fixed to the upper end of the lifting shaft 9. Four fixing seats are also fixed on the destacking seat 8. A third conveyor line 12 is fixed on each fixing seat. The third conveyor line 12 is driven by a second conveyor motor. The middle part of the third conveyor line 12 is a cavity, and the lifting plate 11 is located inside the cavity. The lifting plate 11 raises the third conveyor line 12. The TRAY tray; two opposing uprights are fixed on the destacking base 8, and a destacking cylinder 13 is fixed on the uprights. A destacking plate 14 is fixed to the output end of the destacking cylinder 13. A splitting clamp 15 is fixed to the inner side of the destacking plate 14. Several extension pieces are bent into shape on the inner side of the splitting clamp 15. The side of the TRAY tray is provided with a groove that matches the extension pieces. The stacked TRAY trays are raised by the lifting plate 11. After reaching the predetermined position, the splitting clamp 15 is driven by the destacking cylinder 13 to clamp the second TRAY tray from the bottom up. Then the lifting plate 11 is lowered so that the split TRAY tray is re-placed on the third conveyor line 12 and conveyed to the lifting mechanism.

[0025] The destacking unit separates stacked trays via a lifting mechanism. The lifting motor 10 drives the lifting plate 11 vertically via a screw mechanism, raising and lowering the trays. The extension plate of the splitting clamp 15 engages with the side groove of the tray to grip the second tray, thus separating individual trays. This design achieves automated destacking, reduces manual intervention, and improves tray separation accuracy and efficiency. The lifting motor 10 can be replaced with a servo motor or stepper motor, using an encoder for position feedback to improve lifting accuracy. The lifting shaft 9 can be guided by linear bearings or sliding sleeves to reduce friction and wobbling. The extension plate of the splitting clamp 15 can be made of spring steel or engineering plastic to accommodate trays of different materials (such as plastic or metal). The destacking cylinder 13 can be replaced with an electric push rod or linear motor, with the gripping timing controlled by a PLC. The third conveyor line 12 can be replaced with a roller conveyor or chain conveyor, and its cavity size can be adjusted according to the shape of the lifting plate 11. The contact method between the lifting screw and the lifting plate 11 can be changed to a direct connection via a coupling to transmit greater torque.

[0026] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, two opposing second limiting plates 16 are also fixed on the third conveyor line 12, and a baffle 17 is fixed between the ends of the two second limiting plates 16. A gap is formed between the lower side of the baffle 17 and the third conveyor line 12 to facilitate the passage of the TRAY disc. The second limiting plate 16 is also provided with a through groove to facilitate the operation of the split clamp 15.

[0027] The second limiting plate 16 guides the movement of the TRAY tray on the third conveyor line 12, the stop 17 prevents the TRAY tray from being over-fed, and the through slot provides operating space for the splitting clamp 15. This ensures the correct positioning of the TRAY tray during destacking and conveying, avoiding jamming or misalignment. The second limiting plate 16 can be adjusted and fixed to the third conveyor line 12 with bolts (e.g., using elongated holes and nuts) to accommodate TRAY trays of different widths. The stop 17 can be detachably connected by hinges or pins for easy maintenance and cleaning. The through slot can be designed as a rectangular or U-shaped slot, optimized according to the shape and movement trajectory of the extension plate of the splitting clamp 15. The clearance between the stop 17 and the third conveyor line 12 is adjustable, achieved by shims or adjusting bolts.

[0028] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting frame 18 fixed on the base frame 1. Two parallel linear slide rails are vertically fixed inside the lifting frame 18. A lead screw 19 is also vertically fixed inside the lifting frame 18. The lead screw 19 is driven by a lifting motor 20. A lifting seat 21 is fixed on the sliding nut of the lead screw 19 and the slider of the linear slide rail. The lifting seat 21 is located inside the lifting frame 18. A fourth conveyor line 22 is also fixed on the lifting seat 21. The lifting of a single TRAY tray is achieved by lifting the fourth conveyor line 22 from the bottom to a predetermined upper position.

[0029] The lifting mechanism achieves smooth lifting and lowering via a lead screw 19 and a linear guide rail. The lifting motor 20 drives the lead screw 19 to rotate, causing the lifting seat 21 to move vertically. The fourth conveyor line 22 carries the TRAY tray and lifts it to the robotic arm's gripping position, ensuring accurate PCB board extraction. This structure improves gripping accuracy and reliability, and reduces vibration and offset. The lead screw 19 can be replaced with a ball screw or trapezoidal screw, selected according to load and accuracy requirements. The lifting motor 20 can be a servo motor or a geared motor, with speed controlled by a frequency converter. The linear guide rail can be replaced with a linear guide rail or an optical shaft with linear bearings to improve guiding rigidity. The lifting seat 21 and the fourth conveyor line 22 can be connected by bolts or quick-locking clips for easy disassembly and maintenance. The lifting frame 18 can be constructed of aluminum profiles or steel and fixed to the base frame 1 with anchor bolts.

[0030] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, a limit frame 23 is fixed to the upper end of the fourth conveyor line 22, and clamping cylinders 24 are also fixed to both sides of the fourth conveyor line 22. The output end of the clamping cylinders 24 is fixed with a gripper for clamping the TRAY disc. The fourth conveyor line 22 has the same structure as the first conveyor line.

[0031] The limiting bracket 23 longitudinally limits the lifted TRAY tray, while the clamping cylinder 24 drives the grippers to clamp both sides of the TRAY tray, preventing movement during lifting or gripping. This enhances the stability of the TRAY tray and ensures accurate PCB board gripping. The clamping cylinder 24 can be replaced by an electric gripper or pneumatic fingers, selected according to the clamping force requirements. The grippers can be designed as V-shaped blocks or flat blocks, with rubber pads increasing friction to adapt to different TRAY tray shapes. The limiting bracket 23 can be adjusted and fixed to the fourth conveyor line 22 with bolts to accommodate TRAY trays of different lengths. The output end of the clamping cylinder 24 can be connected to the grippers via threads or pins for easy gripper replacement.

[0032] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, the empty TRAY tray transfer unit includes a stand 25 fixed on a base frame 1. A base is fixed on the stand 25 and the lifting frame 18 respectively. A horizontal plate is fixed between the upper ends of the two bases. A horizontal electric cylinder 26 is fixed on the inner side of the horizontal plate. A vertical electric cylinder 27 is fixed on the output end of the horizontal electric cylinder 26. A transfer seat 28 is fixed on the output end of the vertical electric cylinder 27. A transfer plate is fixed on the lower side of the transfer seat 28. A first suction head for picking up the TRAY tray is fixed on the transfer plate. The empty TRAY tray is picked up and transferred to the output mechanism by the empty TRAY tray transfer unit.

[0033] The empty TRAY tray transfer unit achieves precise two-dimensional movement via a horizontal electric cylinder 26 and a vertical electric cylinder 27. The first suction head picks up the empty TRAY tray through vacuum adsorption and transfers it to the output mechanism. This enables automatic retrieval of empty TRAY trays, reducing manual operation and optimizing space utilization. The horizontal electric cylinder 26 and vertical electric cylinder 27 can be replaced by a lead screw cylinder, a belt cylinder, or a rack and pinion mechanism. The first suction head can be a rubber suction cup or an electromagnetic suction cup, with the adsorption method selected based on the TRAY tray material (e.g., plastic or metal). The transfer base 28 can be connected to a guide rail via a slider (e.g., using a linear guide rail) to improve movement stability. The base can be fixed to the stand 25 and the lifting frame 18 by welding or bolts (e.g., using angle brackets and bolts), and its position is adjustable. The transfer plate and the first suction head can be connected by threads, and the number of suction cups can be adjusted according to the size of the TRAY tray.

[0034] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, the output mechanism includes a fifth conveyor line 29 disposed on a rectangular frame, the fifth conveyor line 29 being used to stack and output empty TRAY discs.

[0035] The output mechanism receives empty TRAY trays via the fifth conveyor line 29 and stacks them for output to the collection point. Located above the input mechanism and destacking unit, the output mechanism operates in the opposite direction to the input mechanism, saving floor space and enabling closed-loop management of the material flow. The fifth conveyor line 29 can be replaced by a roller conveyor, chain conveyor, or belt conveyor, selected based on the stacking weight. The conveyor line can be motor-driven, with its speed synchronized with the input mechanism, and can be equipped with photoelectric sensors to detect the stacking height. The fifth conveyor line 29 can be arranged at an angle, utilizing gravity for output, or horizontally in conjunction with a pusher mechanism for stacking. The mounting method on the rectangular frame can be adjusted according to the site layout using brackets or hanging devices.

[0036] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, the temporary storage unit includes a temporary storage rack 30 fixed on the base frame 1, and two parallel sliding cylinders 31 are fixed on the temporary storage rack 30. A temporary storage disk 32 for placing PCB boards is fixed on the output end of the sliding cylinder 31.

[0037] The storage unit uses a sliding cylinder 31 to drive the temporary storage tray 32, achieving temporary storage and buffering of PCB boards. A first robotic arm picks up the PCB board onto the temporary storage tray 32, and a second robotic arm removes the PCB board from the tray 32. This balances the cycle time of the preceding and following processes, improving overall production efficiency. The sliding cylinder 31 can be replaced by a lead screw electric cylinder, a synchronous belt electric cylinder, or a cylinder-driven mechanism. The temporary storage tray 32 can be detachably fixed to the output end of the electric cylinder using bolts or clips for easy cleaning or replacement. The temporary storage rack 30 can be constructed of aluminum profiles or steel and fixed to the base frame 1 with anchor bolts; its height is adjustable. The temporary storage tray 32 can be designed as a multi-station tray, storing multiple PCB boards simultaneously to improve buffering capacity.

[0038] The first and second robotic arms work together to transfer PCB boards from the tray to the temporary storage unit and then to the next process. The robotic arms can employ multi-axis motion to ensure gripping accuracy and speed. This reduces human intervention and improves automation and production consistency. The first and second robotic arms can be replaced by SCARA robots, six-axis robots, or Cartesian robots. Gripping methods can include pneumatic suction cups (for leveling PCB boards), mechanical grippers (for PCB boards with edges), or electromagnetic chucks (for metal PCB boards). The robotic arms can be equipped with a vision system (such as cameras and image processing software) to identify the position and orientation of the PCB boards. The robotic arm base can be bolted to the base frame 1 or an independent bracket, and its position can be adjusted according to the process layout.

[0039] Working principle of this utility model: The stacked TRAY trays containing PCB boards are fed inward through the first conveyor line 2 and the second conveyor line 3. The first conveyor motor drives the conveyor line to run. Two opposing first limit plates 4 limit the TRAY tray laterally to prevent it from shifting. When the TRAY tray reaches the predetermined position, the blocking limit component is activated. The blocking cylinder 6 drives the blocking plate 7 to extend and insert into the gap between the first limit plates 4 to block the TRAY tray from moving forward and ensure accurate positioning. After positioning, the stacked TRAYs are output to the destacking unit via the second conveyor line 3. The third conveyor line 12 receives the TRAYs and positions them above the lifting plate 11. The lifting motor 10 drives the lifting plate 11 to rise via the lifting screw, lifting the stacked TRAYs to a predetermined height. Then, the destacking cylinder 13 drives the destacking plate 14 and the splitting clamp 15 to move inward. The extension piece of the splitting clamp 15 inserts into the groove on the side of the second TRAY from the bottom and clamps it. Then, the lifting plate 11 descends, separating the bottom TRAY and dropping it back onto the third conveyor line 12. The remaining TRAYs are held by the splitting clamp 15. After the splitting clamp 15 is released, the lifting plate 11 rises again, and the process is repeated to output individual TRAYs. The second limiting plate 16 and the baffle 17 on the third conveyor line 12 guide and limit the TRAYs. A single TRAY tray is conveyed to the fourth conveyor line 22 of the lifting mechanism via the third conveyor line 12; the lifting motor 20 drives the lead screw 19 to rotate, causing the lifting seat 21 to rise vertically along the linear slide rail, lifting the fourth conveyor line 22 and the TRAY tray on it to the predetermined position for gripping the PCB board; after reaching the position, the clamping cylinder 24 drives the gripper to clamp the two sides of the TRAY tray, and the limit frame 23 performs longitudinal limit to ensure the stability of the TRAY tray; The first robotic arm moves above the lifting mechanism and picks up the PCB board from the clamped TRAY disk (e.g., using a suction cup or gripper), and then places the PCB board onto the temporary storage disk 32 of the temporary storage unit; the temporary storage unit adjusts the position of the temporary storage disk 32 through the slide cylinder 31 to realize the temporary storage and buffering of the PCB board. After the first robotic arm grabs the PCB board, the TRAY tray becomes empty. The empty TRAY tray transfer unit is activated, and the horizontal electric cylinder 26 drives the vertical electric cylinder 27 to move horizontally above the lifting mechanism. The vertical electric cylinder 27 descends so that the first suction head on the transfer seat 28 contacts the empty TRAY tray. The empty TRAY tray is sucked up by vacuum adsorption, and then lifted and moved horizontally above the fifth conveyor line 29 of the output mechanism to release the empty TRAY tray. Empty TRAY trays are placed on the fifth conveyor line 29, which transports the empty TRAY trays in the output direction (opposite to the input mechanism) and stacks them automatically, eventually outputting them to the collection point. The PCB board on the temporary storage unit is adjusted to the picking position by the slide cylinder 31. The second robot moves above the temporary storage tray 32, grabs the PCB board and transfers it to the next process (such as the smoke alarm assembly line) to complete the subsequent assembly.

[0040] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "left," and "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this utility model is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "set" and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A PCB board loading device for assembling smoke detectors, characterized in that, include: The input mechanism is used to input the stacked TRAY disks containing PCB boards into the interior. The destacking unit is used to break down stacked trays into individual trays for output. The lifting mechanism is used to lift a single TRAY disk to a predetermined position for gripping the PCB board; An empty TRAY tray transfer unit is used to transfer empty TRAY trays to an output mechanism located above the input mechanism and the destacking unit, with the output mechanism having the opposite transport direction to the input mechanism. The first robotic arm is used to pick up the PCB board from a single TRAY disk and place it onto the temporary storage unit. The second robotic arm is used to pick up the PCB board from the temporary storage unit and transfer it to the next process for subsequent assembly.

2. The PCB board loading device for assembling smoke detectors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a base frame (1), on which a rectangular frame is fixed, and the input mechanism is located inside the rectangular frame; the input mechanism includes a first conveyor line (2) and a second conveyor line (3), which are driven by a first conveyor motor respectively, and two opposing first limiting plates (4) are respectively provided on the first conveyor line (2) and the second conveyor line (3), and the PCB board-containing TRAY trays are stacked between the two first limiting plates (4); the destacking unit is located at the output end of the second conveyor line (3).

3. The PCB board loading device for assembling smoke detectors according to claim 2, characterized in that: A blocking and limiting assembly is also provided between the first conveyor line (2) and the second conveyor line (3). The blocking and limiting assembly includes two blocking seats (5) fixed in a rectangular frame and arranged opposite to each other. A blocking cylinder (6) is fixed on the blocking seat (5). A blocking plate (7) is fixed on the output end of the blocking cylinder (6). When the output end of the blocking cylinder (6) extends, the blocking plate (7) extends into the gap between the two adjacent first limiting plates (4) and blocks the TRAY trays stacked on the first conveyor line (2) and the second conveyor line (3) through the blocking plate (7).

4. A PCB board loading device for assembling smoke detectors according to claim 2, characterized in that: The destacking unit includes a destacking seat (8) fixed on a base frame (1). A lifting shaft (9) is vertically mounted on the destacking seat (8) via four bearing sleeves. A lifting motor (10) is fixed at the upper center of the destacking seat (8). A lifting screw is screwed to the output end of the lifting motor (10). The upper end of the lifting screw abuts against the lower center of the lifting plate (11). The lifting plate (11) is fixed to the upper end of the lifting shaft (9). Four fixed seats are also fixed on the destacking seat (8). A third conveyor line (12) is fixed on the fixed seats. The third conveyor line (12) is driven by a second conveyor motor. The middle part of the third conveyor line (12) is a cavity. The lifting plate (11) is located in the cavity. The TR on the third conveyor line (12) is raised by the lifting plate (11). AY tray; two opposing uprights are fixed on the destacking base (8), a destacking cylinder (13) is fixed on the uprights, a destacking plate (14) is fixed at the output end of the destacking cylinder (13), a splitting clamp (15) is fixed on the inner side of the destacking plate (14), a number of extension pieces are bent on the inner side of the splitting clamp (15), and a groove adapted to the extension pieces is opened on the side of the TRAY tray; the stacked TRAY trays are raised by the lifting plate (11) and after reaching the predetermined position, the splitting clamp (15) is driven by the destacking cylinder (13) to clamp the second TRAY tray from the bottom up, and then the lifting plate (11) is lowered to place the split TRAY tray back on the third conveyor line (12) and convey it to the lifting mechanism.

5. A PCB board loading device for assembling smoke detectors according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two opposing second limiting plates (16) are also fixed on the third conveyor line (12). A baffle (17) is fixed between the ends of the two second limiting plates (16). A gap is formed between the lower side of the baffle (17) and the third conveyor line (12) to facilitate the passage of the TRAY disc. The second limiting plate (16) is also provided with a through groove to facilitate the disassembly of the clamp (15) for operation.

6. A PCB board loading device for assembling smoke detectors according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a lifting frame (18) fixed on the base frame (1). Two parallel linear slide rails are vertically fixed inside the lifting frame (18). A lead screw (19) is also vertically fixed inside the lifting frame (18). The lead screw (19) is driven by a lifting motor (20). A lifting seat (21) is fixed on the sliding nut of the lead screw (19) and the slider of the linear slide rail. The lifting seat (21) is located inside the lifting frame (18). A fourth conveyor line (22) is also fixed on the lifting seat (21). The lifting seat (21) lifts a single TRAY disc from the bottom to a predetermined position at the top by raising and lowering the fourth conveyor line (22).

7. A PCB board loading device for assembling smoke detectors according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the fourth conveyor line (22) is fixed with a limit frame (23), and clamping cylinders (24) are also fixed on both sides of the fourth conveyor line (22). The output end of the clamping cylinder (24) is fixed with a gripper for clamping the TRAY disc.

8. A PCB board loading device for assembling smoke detectors according to claim 6, characterized in that: The empty TRAY tray transfer unit includes a stand (25) fixed on a base frame (1). A base is fixed on the stand (25) and the lifting frame (18). A horizontal plate is fixed between the upper ends of the two bases. A horizontal electric cylinder (26) is fixed on the inner side of the horizontal plate. A vertical electric cylinder (27) is fixed at the output end of the horizontal electric cylinder (26). A transfer seat (28) is fixed at the output end of the vertical electric cylinder (27). A transfer plate is fixed on the lower side of the transfer seat (28). A first suction head for picking up the TRAY tray is fixed on the transfer plate. The empty TRAY tray is picked up and transferred to the output mechanism by the empty TRAY tray transfer unit.

9. A PCB board loading device for assembling smoke detectors according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output mechanism includes a fifth conveyor line (29) mounted on a rectangular frame, which is used to stack and output empty TRAY disks.

10. A PCB board loading device for assembling smoke detectors according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temporary storage unit includes a temporary storage rack (30) fixed on the base frame (1), and two parallel sliding cylinders (31) are fixed on the temporary storage rack (30). A temporary storage disk (32) for placing PCB boards is fixed on the output end of the sliding cylinder (31).

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