A water treatment equipment for separating backwash filter material

Abstract

The utility model is suitable for sewage treatment technical field provides a kind of water treatment equipment of filter material of separation backwash, including flocculator, inclined tube sedimentation tank and composite material filter tank that are sequentially arranged and unidirectionally communicate, multiple partitions are formed multiple filter bins by multiple partitions being vertically spaced apart in the inner chamber of composite material filter tank, filter material is filled in each filter bin, washing main pipe is arranged in the upper portion of composite material filter tank, multiple washing branch pipes are communicated on washing main pipe, each washing branch pipe extends to one filter bin and is immersed in filter material.The water treatment equipment of filter material of separation backwash, the composite material filter tank is separated into multiple independent filter bins by partition, each filter bin becomes independent washing unit, avoid the mutual interference when traditional integral type filter material backwash, in combination with the manifold-branch pipe distribution design of washing pipe, can evenly distribute washing water to each filter bin, ensure that each area of filter material can be fully washed, reduce impurity residue and filter material hardening phenomenon, prolong the service life of filter material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and in particular relates to a greywater treatment device with a separate backwashing filter media. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of wastewater treatment technology, coagulation sedimentation filtration is a crucial step in achieving water purification. The filter, as a key unit in this process for removing suspended particles, colloids, and some organic matter from the water, directly determines the final effect of wastewater treatment through its operational stability and filtration efficiency. As the filtration process continues, pollutants in the wastewater gradually accumulate within the pores of the filter media, forming a filter cake. This leads to a continuous increase in filter resistance and a significant decrease in the filtration rate. At this point, backwashing is necessary to remove the pollutants from the filter media to restore its adsorption and retention capacity, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the filter.

[0003] Currently, the backwashing technologies commonly used in wastewater treatment mainly include two types: single-water flushing and combined air-water flushing. Single-water flushing relies on a reverse flow of water under certain pressure to wash the filter media, which is suitable for scenarios where the filter media particle size is large and the amount of pollutants retained is small. Combined air-water flushing first introduces compressed air to agitate the filter media, causing the pollutants attached to the surface of the filter media to loosen and fall off, and then the pollutants are carried out of the filter tank by the water flow, resulting in a relatively better flushing effect. The backwashing system usually consists of components such as a flushing water pump, an air compressor (used in air-washing scenarios), a flushing main pipe, flushing branch pipes, and water or air distribution devices. In actual operation, it is necessary to accurately control parameters such as flushing intensity, flushing time, and operation sequence to ensure that the flushing effect meets the standards.

[0004] However, existing backwashing designs in wastewater treatment equipment have numerous flaws, making it difficult to meet the demands for high-efficiency and energy-saving operation. Firstly, there is the problem of insufficient flushing uniformity. Due to unreasonable layout of flushing branch pipes and uneven design of water distribution hole spacing or diameter, the distribution of backwash water or airflow within the filter tank varies significantly. In some areas, the flushing intensity is too low, failing to thoroughly remove contaminants. Long-term accumulation can lead to filter media caking, severely impacting filtration performance. Secondly, there is the issue of filter media loss and damage. Some equipment, in pursuit of better flushing results, excessively increases the backwash water flow intensity. This not only causes lightweight filter media such as ceramic granules to be carried out of the filter tank, resulting in media loss and increased costs, but also, due to excessive water or airflow impact, intensifies friction and collision between filter media particles, leading to media breakage and smaller particle size, further affecting filtration. The problems include: Firstly, insufficient precision; secondly, excessive energy and water consumption. Traditional backwashing processes often use fixed flushing parameters, failing to dynamically adjust the flushing intensity and time based on the actual contamination level of the filter media. This easily leads to "under-flushing" (contaminants not being completely removed) or "over-flushing" (excessive parameters causing waste), resulting in unnecessary consumption of water and electricity. If air-water combined flushing is used, improper timing of air-water switching can further increase ineffective energy consumption. Finally, there are issues of equipment blockage and damage. Inadequate backwashing pipeline design and residual construction impurities during installation can easily cause blockages in the water distribution holes or inside the pipeline, further exacerbating uneven flushing, shortening equipment lifespan, and increasing maintenance costs. These shortcomings collectively result in low overall operating efficiency and insufficient effluent quality stability of existing greywater treatment equipment, making it difficult to meet the high-efficiency and energy-saving requirements of practical applications. These issues urgently need to be addressed through technological improvements. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a greywater treatment device with a separated backwashing filter media, which aims to solve the problems of insufficient uniformity, easy damage to the filter media, high energy and water consumption, and easy clogging and damage of existing greywater treatment devices.

[0006] This utility model is implemented as follows: a wastewater treatment device for separating backwashing filter media includes a flocculation tank, an inclined tube sedimentation tank and a composite material filter tank arranged in sequence and connected in one direction, and also includes a sewage lifting pump for injecting water into the flocculation tank. The inner cavity of the composite material filter tank is vertically spaced by multiple partitions to divide the inner cavity of the composite material filter tank into multiple independent filter chambers that are connected at the top, and each filter chamber is filled with filter media. It also includes a backwashing system, which includes a backwashing main pipe and a water supply pump that supplies water to the backwashing main pipe. The backwashing main pipe is located at the top of the composite material filter tank and is connected to multiple backwashing branch pipes. Each backwashing branch pipe extends into a filter chamber and is submerged in the filter media.

[0007] Preferably, each of the flushing branch pipes has water distribution holes evenly distributed on its surface, and the bottom surfaces of the filter media layers of each water distribution hole are inclined.

[0008] Preferably, each of the flushing branch pipes is equipped with a pressure sensor for detecting water pressure, and each of the flushing branch pipes is equipped with a flow regulating valve.

[0009] Preferably, the filter media filling height in each filter chamber is consistent, and the surface of the filter media layer is kept flat, with the filter media filling height being 1.0-1.5 meters.

[0010] Preferably, the diameter of the flushing branch pipe is 40-60 mm, and the spacing between the water distribution holes on each flushing branch pipe is 10-20 cm.

[0011] Beneficial effects Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a wastewater treatment device with partitioned backwashing filter media. The composite media filter tank is divided into multiple independent filter chambers by partitions, each becoming an independent backwashing unit. This avoids mutual interference during backwashing of traditional integrated filter media. Combined with the distributed design of the main and branch pipes of the backwashing pipes, the backwashing water can be evenly distributed to each filter chamber, ensuring that all areas of the filter media are thoroughly rinsed, reducing impurity residue and filter media caking, and extending the service life of the filter media. The zoned, timed backwashing and flow / pressure regulation functions avoid unnecessary backwashing energy and water consumption. The backwashing parameters are precisely controlled according to the clogging status of the filter media in different chambers, reducing energy consumption, backwashing water consumption, and wastewater treatment costs compared to traditional backwashing methods. Different filter chambers can be filled with different filter media, achieving targeted removal of multiple pollutants in the wastewater, improving the overall filtration effect, and making the treated wastewater quality more stable, achieving higher reuse standards. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0013] In the diagram: 1-, 2- flocculation tank, 3- inclined tube sedimentation tank, 4- composite material filter tank, 5- flushing main pipe, 6- flushing branch pipe, 7- flow regulating valve, 8- pressure sensor, 9- baffle plate, 10- water supply pump. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0015] Please see Figure 1This utility model provides a technical solution: a wastewater treatment device for separating backwashing filter media, including a flocculation tank 2, an inclined tube sedimentation tank 3 and a composite material filter tank 4 arranged in sequence and connected in one direction, and a sewage lift pump 1 that injects water into the flocculation tank 2. The composite material filter tank 4 is vertically spaced by multiple partitions 9 to divide the inner cavity of the composite material filter tank 4 into multiple independent filter chambers that are connected at the top. Each filter chamber is filled with filter media, and different filter chambers can be filled with filter media of different types or particle sizes.

[0016] The flocculation tank 2, the inclined tube sedimentation tank 3, and the composite material filter tank 4 are connected in one direction by overflow. That is, the water level in the flocculation tank 2 is higher than the water level in the inclined tube sedimentation tank 3, and the upper layer water flows into the inclined tube sedimentation tank 3 through the overflow port. The water level in the inclined tube sedimentation tank 3 is higher than the water level in the composite material filter tank 4, and the upper layer water flows into the composite material filter tank 4 through the overflow port.

[0017] The baffle 9 is made of corrosion-resistant and high-strength material, such as 304 stainless steel or carbon steel, with a thickness of 3-8mm. The spacing between adjacent baffles depends on the size of the equipment. The height difference between the top of the baffle and the top of the composite material filter tank 4 is 15-20cm, ensuring that the water flow can smoothly overflow to each filter chamber along the top of the tank during filtration, and that the sewage will not mix across chambers during backwashing.

[0018] Along the direction of sewage flow, the filter media in the front filter chamber is quartz sand with a particle size of 0.5-2.0 mm, and the filter media in the rear filter chamber is activated carbon with a particle size of 0.8-2.0 mm or ceramsite with a particle size of 3-8 mm.

[0019] It also includes a backwashing system, which includes a backwashing main pipe 5 and a water supply pump 10 that supplies water to the backwashing main pipe 5. The backwashing main pipe 5 is located at the top of the composite material filter tank 4. Multiple backwashing branch pipes 6 are connected to the backwashing main pipe 5, and each backwashing branch pipe 6 extends into a filter chamber and is submerged in the filter media.

[0020] The flushing main pipe 5 is laid along the length of the composite material filter tank 4 or at its center.

[0021] In this embodiment, an automated control system is also included, which can control the timed backwashing of each filter chamber according to the filter bed running time or head loss parameters.

[0022] The automated control system controls the backwashing time of a single filter chamber to be 5-8 minutes, and the backwashing interval between two adjacent filter chambers is not less than 10 hours, to avoid multiple filter chambers being backwashed at the same time.

[0023] Furthermore, each flushing branch pipe 6 has water distribution holes evenly distributed on its surface, and the bottom surfaces of the filter media layers of each water distribution hole are inclined.

[0024] The diameter of the flushing branch pipe 6 is 40-60 mm. The spacing between the water distribution holes on each flushing branch pipe 6 is 10-20 cm. The outlet of the water distribution hole faces the filter media layer, and the angle between the axis of the water distribution hole and the bottom surface of the filter media layer is 30-60°, preferably 45°, so that the flushing water impacts the filter media at the optimal angle.

[0025] A stainless steel filter screen can be wrapped around the flushing branch pipe 6 to prevent filter media particles from entering the flushing branch pipe and clogging the water distribution holes.

[0026] Furthermore, each flushing branch pipe 6 is equipped with a pressure sensor 8 for detecting water pressure, and each flushing branch pipe 6 is equipped with a flow regulating valve 7.

[0027] In this embodiment, the pressure sensor 8 is electrically connected to the automated control system, and the flow regulating valve 7 is an electric regulating valve and is also electrically connected to the automated control system. When the water pressure detected by the pressure sensor 8 exceeds the preset threshold, indicating that the filter media is severely clogged, the automated control system controls the flow regulating valve 7 on the corresponding flushing branch pipe 6 to increase the opening, thereby increasing the backwash flow and pressure of the filter chamber. Based on the filter media clogging situation, the system increases the branch pipe flow and pressure to achieve precise flushing.

[0028] Furthermore, the filter media in each filter compartment is filled to a uniform height, and the surface of the filter media layer remains flat to avoid unevenness affecting water flow distribution. The filter media filling height is 1.0-1.5 meters.

[0029] Each independent filter chamber in the composite material filter tank 4 is equipped with a dedicated drainage component. Each filter chamber has a drain outlet and a corresponding drain valve at its bottom. The drain valve is connected to the pipeline inside the filter chamber, and the end of the pipeline has a filter structure to prevent filter media from entering. The drainage pipelines of each filter chamber are connected to a main drainage pipe. The end of the main drainage pipe is connected to facilities for backwash wastewater recovery or discharge. The main pipe is equipped with a control valve for easy maintenance. The drainage system is linked to the backwashing system. During the backwashing process, after the backwashing operation is completed, the drain valve of the corresponding filter chamber is opened to drain the backwash wastewater in the chamber. After the wastewater is drained, the drain valve is closed, and the filter chamber is allowed to resume water intake. During routine maintenance operations such as filter media replacement and repair, the drain valve can be manually opened to drain the wastewater in the chamber. The composite material filter tank 4 is equipped with a liquid level monitoring component linked to the drain valve. When the water level in the chamber exceeds the preset range, the drain valve is automatically opened to release pressure and prevent wastewater from overflowing.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A wastewater treatment device for separating backwashing filter media, characterized in that: It includes a flocculation tank (2), an inclined tube sedimentation tank (3) and a composite material filter tank (4) arranged in sequence and connected in one direction, and also includes a sewage lifting pump (1) that injects water into the flocculation tank (2). The composite material filter tank (4) is vertically spaced with multiple partitions (9) to divide the inner cavity of the composite material filter tank (4) into multiple independent filter chambers that are connected at the top. Each filter chamber is filled with filter material. It also includes a backwashing system, which includes a backwashing main pipe (5) and a water supply pump (10) for supplying water to the backwashing main pipe (5). The backwashing main pipe (5) is located at the top of the composite material filter tank (4). Multiple backwashing branch pipes (6) are connected to the backwashing main pipe (5), and each backwashing branch pipe (6) extends into a filter chamber and is submerged in the filter material.

2. The greywater treatment equipment with separated backwashing filter media as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the flushing branch pipes (6) has water distribution holes evenly distributed on its surface, and the bottom surfaces of the filter media layers of each water distribution hole are inclined.

3. The greywater treatment equipment with separated backwashing filter media as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the flushing branch pipes (6) is equipped with a pressure sensor (8) for detecting water pressure, and each of the flushing branch pipes (6) is equipped with a flow regulating valve (7).

4. The greywater treatment equipment with separated backwashing filter media as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The filter media in each filter chamber is filled to a uniform height, and the surface of the filter media layer is kept flat. The filter media filling height is 1.0-1.5 meters.

5. A greywater treatment device for separating backwashing filter media as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the flushing branch pipe (6) is 40-60 mm, and the spacing between the water distribution holes on each flushing branch pipe (6) is 10-20 cm.

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