Automatic turning and aeration integrated composting device

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic turning-over and aeration integrated composting device, which comprises a control system, a turning-over system, an aeration system, a composting bin body, a monitoring system and a rack. The control system comprises a main controller, a turning-over control module, an aeration control module, a timing control module and a manual control panel. The turning-over system comprises a spiral turning-over mechanism, a driving motor and a transmission device. The aeration system comprises a variable frequency fan, a main aeration pipeline, branch aeration pipelines and aeration holes, and is controlled in a partitioned mode. The monitoring system comprises temperature sensors, humidity sensors and oxygen concentration sensors, and can monitor composting environment parameters in real time. The composting bin body adopts a double-wall heat preservation design. The device can automatically adjust the turning-over frequency and the aeration intensity through an intelligent control system, realizes full-automatic management of the composting process, has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, high automation degree and good composting quality, and is suitable for composting treatment of various organic wastes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of organic waste treatment technology, specifically to an automatic turning and aeration integrated composting device. Background Technology

[0002] Composting is an important organic waste treatment technology that transforms organic waste into organic fertilizer through microbial fermentation. During the composting process, it is necessary to turn the pile regularly to ensure oxygen supply and uniform temperature distribution, while continuous aeration is required to maintain an aerobic fermentation environment.

[0003] Most existing composting equipment has only one function, either turning or aeration, requiring multiple sets of equipment to work together, making operation complex and costly. Furthermore, existing equipment has a low degree of automation, requiring frequent manual operation, resulting in high labor intensity and difficulty in guaranteeing composting effectiveness. At the same time, traditional equipment lacks an intelligent control system, unable to automatically adjust the turning frequency and aeration intensity according to the composting status, affecting composting quality and efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an automatic turning and aeration integrated composting device to address the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0006] The present invention relates to an integrated automatic turning and aeration composting device, comprising a control system, a turning system, an aeration system, a compost bin, a monitoring system, and a frame.

[0007] The frame is a rectangular frame structure, which serves as the overall support structure. The compost bin is fixedly installed in the center of the frame. The control system is installed on the side of the frame. The turning system and the aeration system are installed inside and at the bottom of the compost bin, respectively. The monitoring system is distributed and installed in different positions of the compost bin.

[0008] The control system includes a main controller, a turning control module, an aeration control module, a timing control module, and a manual control panel. The main controller is electrically connected to the turning control module, the aeration control module, and the timing control module via control lines. The manual control panel is installed on the front panel of the main controller and is electrically connected to the main controller via internal circuitry.

[0009] The turning system includes a turning mechanism, a drive motor, and a transmission device. The drive motor is installed under the frame beam above the compost bin. The input end of the transmission device is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. The output end of the transmission device is coaxially connected to the screw shaft of the turning mechanism through a coupling. The turning mechanism is installed as a whole in the fermentation chamber inside the compost bin. The two ends of the screw shaft are fixed to the upper and lower side walls of the fermentation chamber through support bearings.

[0010] The aeration system includes a blower, a main aeration pipe, branch aeration pipes, and aeration holes. The blower is installed on one side of the frame, and the blower's outlet is connected to the air inlet of the main aeration pipe via a flexible hose. The main aeration pipe is arranged horizontally along the outer wall of the fermentation chamber at the bottom of the composting chamber. The branch aeration pipes branch off from the main aeration pipe through tee connectors, are distributed in a grid pattern, and are fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the fermentation chamber. The aeration holes are evenly distributed on the branch aeration pipes.

[0011] The composting silo includes a fermentation chamber, a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, and a drain outlet. The fermentation chamber is a rectangular container structure, fixedly installed on the central load-bearing platform of the frame. The feed inlet is located at one end of the top of the fermentation chamber, the discharge outlet is located at the other end of the bottom of the fermentation chamber, and the drain outlet is located at the lowest point of the bottom of the fermentation chamber and is connected to an external drainage system through a pipe.

[0012] The monitoring system includes multiple temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and oxygen concentration sensors. The temperature sensors are installed on the side walls at three different heights (upper, middle, and lower) of the fermentation chamber. The humidity sensor is installed on the middle side wall of the fermentation chamber. The oxygen concentration sensor is installed at the bottom of the fermentation chamber near the branch aeration pipe. Each sensor is electrically connected to the main controller of the control system via signal lines.

[0013] Preferably, the control system is located on the side of the device for easy monitoring and operation by the operator.

[0014] Preferably, the turning mechanism adopts a spiral design, which can fully mix the materials during the turning process.

[0015] Preferably, the aeration system adopts zone control, and the aeration control module controls the on / off of different branch aeration pipes through solenoid valves, which can adjust the aeration intensity according to the oxygen demand of different areas.

[0016] Preferably, the monitoring system monitors composting environmental parameters in real time, and the signals from each sensor are transmitted to the main controller through an A / D conversion module to provide data support for automatic control.

[0017] Preferably, the fermentation chamber is designed with heat preservation, which helps to maintain a suitable fermentation temperature.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0019] This invention achieves fully automated management of the composting process by automatically starting the turning and aeration systems through a control system; it monitors the composting status in real time through a monitoring system and intelligently adjusts the turning frequency and aeration intensity; and its integrated design reduces equipment investment and floor space requirements, ultimately achieving efficient, intelligent, and energy-saving composting treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control system of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the turning system of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the aeration system of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the monitoring system of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fermentation chamber of this utility model.

[0026] Diagram Description: 1. Control System; 2. Turning System; 3. Aeration System; 4. Compost Bin; 5. Monitoring System; 6. Frame; 101. Main Controller; 102. Turning Control Module; 103. Aeration Control Module; 104. Timer Control Module; 105. Manual Control Panel; 105-1. Start Button; 105-2. Stop Button; 105-3. Turning Control Button; 105-4. Aeration Control Button; 105-5. Emergency Stop Button; 201. Turning Mechanism; 201-1. Screw 201-2. Spiral shaft; 201-3. Support bearing; 202. Drive motor; 203. Transmission device; 301. Fan; 302. Main aeration pipe; 303. Branch aeration pipe; 304. Aeration hole; 401. Fermentation chamber; 401-1. Insulation layer; 401-2. Movable cover plate; 401-3. Supporting mesh frame; 402. Feed inlet; 403. Discharge outlet; 404. Drain outlet; 501. Temperature sensor; 502. Humidity sensor; 503. Oxygen concentration sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0028] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly attached to the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] Please see Figures 1-3 As shown in the figure, the automatic turning and aeration integrated composting device described in this embodiment includes a control system 1, a turning system 2, an aeration system 3, a compost bin 4, a monitoring system 5, and a frame 6.

[0031] The frame 6 adopts a steel pipe welded structure, including a base platform, columns, crossbeams and a load-bearing platform. The base platform is a rectangular frame, and four columns are welded to the four corners of the base platform. The crossbeams connect the opposite columns to form an upper frame. The load-bearing platform is located at the center height of the frame 6 and is used to support the compost bin 4.

[0032] The control system 1 includes a main controller 101, a turning control module 102, an aeration control module 103, a timing control module 104, and a manual control panel 105. The main controller 101 is a PLC controller, installed in a control cabinet on the side of the compost bin 4. The turning control module 102, aeration control module 103, and timing control module 104 are integrated in the control cabinet as circuit boards and connected to the main controller 101 via data cables. The manual control panel 105 includes a start button 105-1, a stop button 105-2, a turning control button 105-3, an aeration control button 105-4, and an emergency stop button 105-5. Each button is connected to the input port of the main controller 101 via wires.

[0033] The turning system 2 includes a turning mechanism 201, a drive motor 202, and a transmission device 203. The drive motor 202 is a three-phase asynchronous motor, which is fixedly installed in the center of the crossbeam below the frame 6 by a motor bracket. The transmission device 203 is a gear reducer, whose input shaft is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 202 through a flexible coupling. The transmission device 203 is fixed on the crossbeam by a bracket. The spiral shaft 201-1 of the turning mechanism 201 is a hollow steel pipe structure, and its upper end is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the transmission device 203 through a rigid coupling. The spiral blades 201-2 are spirally distributed along the spiral shaft 201-1 with a spiral angle of 30°. The blades are made of steel plate and welded to the spiral shaft 201-1.

[0034] Furthermore, the main controller 101 controls the start and stop of the drive motor 202 through a relay, adjusts the speed of the drive motor 202 through a frequency converter, and thus controls the working state of the turning mechanism 201. The turning control module 102 is used to set the turning frequency and duration parameters.

[0035] Furthermore, the spiral shaft 201-1 is connected to the frame 6 via the support bearing 201-3, and the spiral blades 201-2 are fixed on the spiral shaft 201-1 to form a continuous spiral structure, which can effectively turn over and mix compost materials.

[0036] Furthermore, the transmission device 203 adopts a reducer design to convert the high-speed rotation of the drive motor 202 into a low-speed, high-torque output suitable for turning the pile.

[0037] Understandably, the main controller in the control system starts the drive motor to drive the turning mechanism, thereby realizing the automatic turning of compost materials. At the same time, the turning parameters can be adjusted according to the composting process.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the aeration system 3 includes a blower 301, a main aeration pipe 302, a branch aeration pipe 303, and aeration holes 304; the aeration control module 103 is connected to the blower 301 and controls the start and stop of the aeration system and the air volume adjustment.

[0040] The blower 301 is a centrifugal blower, which is fixedly installed on one side of the base platform of the frame 6 by shock-absorbing pads and bolts; the main aeration pipe 302 is made of PVC pipe with a diameter of DN100, and its air inlet end is connected to the air outlet of the blower 301 through a rubber hose. The main aeration pipe 302 is arranged horizontally along the bottom outer wall of the fermentation chamber 401 and is fixed to the load-bearing platform of the frame 6 by pipe clamps.

[0041] The branch aeration pipes 303 are made of PVC pipe with a diameter of DN50. They branch off from the main aeration pipe 302 through T-type tee connectors, with a total of 6 branch pipes arranged in a grid pattern on the inner surface of the bottom of the fermentation chamber 401. The branch pipes are spaced 200mm apart and are fixed to the support frame 401-3 of the fermentation chamber 401 with pipe clamps. The aeration holes 304 are circular holes with a diameter of 5mm, evenly distributed every 100mm along the branch aeration pipes 303, and are opened upwards to ensure aeration effect.

[0042] The aeration control module 103 is connected to the starter of the blower 301 through a control line, and simultaneously controls the solenoid valves installed on each branch aeration pipe 303 to achieve zoned aeration control.

[0043] Furthermore, the blower 301 is driven by a variable frequency motor, and the aeration control module 103 adjusts the blower speed through the frequency converter and automatically adjusts the air volume according to the oxygen concentration data fed back by the monitoring system 5 to ensure an aerobic environment during the composting process.

[0044] Understandably, the aeration system achieves precise aeration through zone control, adjusting the aeration intensity according to the oxygen demand of different areas, thereby improving aeration efficiency and saving energy.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the composting chamber 4 includes a fermentation chamber 401, a feed inlet 402, a discharge outlet 403, and a drainage outlet 404.

[0047] The fermentation chamber 401 is a rectangular stainless steel container with dimensions of 3000mm (length) × 1500mm (width) × 1200mm (height). The bottom is inclined at a 5° angle towards the drain outlet 404. The fermentation chamber 401 has a double-walled structure: the inner layer is a 3mm thick 304 stainless steel plate welded together, and the outer layer is covered with a 100mm thick rock wool insulation layer 401-1. The outer surface is encapsulated with a color steel plate. The top of the fermentation chamber 401 is equipped with a movable cover 401-2, which is connected to the fermentation chamber 401 via a hinge for easy feeding and observation. The bottom of the fermentation chamber 401 is equipped with a support frame 401-3, made of stainless steel wire mesh with 10mm × 10mm mesh openings, used to support materials and facilitate ventilation.

[0048] The feed inlet 402 is located at one end of the top of the fermentation chamber 401. It is a rectangular opening with dimensions of 500mm × 400mm and is equipped with an openable cover. The discharge outlet 403 is located at the other end of the bottom of the fermentation chamber 401. It is a rectangular opening with dimensions of 400mm × 300mm and is equipped with an openable gate. The drain outlet 404 is located at the lowest point of the bottom of the fermentation chamber 401. It is a circular opening with a diameter of DN50 and is connected to an external drainage ditch through a DN50 PVC pipe.

[0049] The monitoring system 5 includes a temperature sensor 501, a humidity sensor 502, and an oxygen concentration sensor 503. The temperature sensor 501 is a thermocouple sensor, which is installed on the side wall of the fermentation chamber 401 at three heights: 300mm, 600mm, and 900mm from the bottom, with the sensor probe extending 50mm into the fermentation chamber 401. The humidity sensor 502 is a capacitive humidity sensor, which is installed on the middle side wall of the fermentation chamber 401, with the probe extending 30mm into the fermentation chamber 401. The oxygen concentration sensor 503 is an electrochemical oxygen sensor, which is installed at the bottom of the fermentation chamber 401 at the position closest to the branch aeration pipe 303.

[0050] All sensors are connected to a signal conditioning module installed in the control cabinet via waterproof cables. The signal conditioning module converts the analog signals from the sensors into digital signals and transmits them to the main controller 101.

[0051] The timing control module 104 automatically adjusts the turning frequency and aeration intensity according to the temperature, humidity and oxygen concentration data fed back by the monitoring system 5 and the preset control logic: when the temperature exceeds 65℃, the turning system is activated to cool down; when the oxygen concentration is below 5%, the aeration intensity is increased; when the humidity exceeds 70%, the turning system is activated and the aeration is reduced, thus realizing intelligent control.

[0052] Furthermore, each sensor is made of corrosion-resistant materials, enabling it to operate stably for extended periods in high-temperature, high-humidity, and corrosive environments.

[0053] Understandably, the monitoring system monitors composting environmental parameters in real time, providing data support for the automatic control system, ensuring optimal control of the composting process, and improving composting quality and efficiency.

[0054] It should be noted that, in this document, the use of relational terms such as "first" and "second" is merely for distinguishing one entity or operation from another, and does not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0055] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. An integrated automatic turning and aeration composting device, characterized in that: Includes control system, turning system, aeration system, compost bin, monitoring system, and frame; The frame is a rectangular frame structure, which serves as the overall support structure. The compost bin is fixedly installed in the center of the frame. The control system is installed on the side of the frame. The turning system and the aeration system are installed inside and at the bottom of the compost bin, respectively. The monitoring system is distributed and installed in different positions of the compost bin. The control system includes a main controller, a turning control module, an aeration control module, a timing control module, and a manual control panel. The main controller is electrically connected to the turning control module, the aeration control module, and the timing control module via control lines. The manual control panel is installed on the front panel of the main controller and is electrically connected to the main controller via internal circuitry. The turning system includes a turning mechanism, a drive motor, and a transmission device. The drive motor is installed under the frame beam above the compost bin. The input end of the transmission device is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. The output end of the transmission device is coaxially connected to the screw shaft of the turning mechanism through a coupling. The turning mechanism is installed as a whole in the fermentation chamber inside the compost bin. The two ends of the screw shaft are fixed to the upper and lower side walls of the fermentation chamber through support bearings. The aeration system includes a blower, a main aeration pipe, branch aeration pipes, and aeration holes. The blower is installed on one side of the frame, and the blower's outlet is connected to the air inlet of the main aeration pipe via a flexible hose. The main aeration pipe is arranged horizontally along the outer wall of the fermentation chamber at the bottom of the composting chamber. The branch aeration pipes branch off from the main aeration pipe through tee connectors, are distributed in a grid pattern, and are fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the fermentation chamber. The aeration holes are evenly distributed on the branch aeration pipes. The composting silo includes a fermentation chamber, a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, and a drain outlet. The fermentation chamber is a rectangular container structure, fixedly installed on the central load-bearing platform of the frame. The feed inlet is located at one end of the top of the fermentation chamber, the discharge outlet is located at the other end of the bottom of the fermentation chamber, and the drain outlet is located at the lowest point of the bottom of the fermentation chamber and is connected to an external drainage system through a pipe. The monitoring system includes multiple temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and oxygen concentration sensors. The temperature sensors are installed on the side walls at three different heights (upper, middle, and lower) of the fermentation chamber. The humidity sensor is installed on the middle side wall of the fermentation chamber. The oxygen concentration sensor is installed at the bottom of the fermentation chamber near the branch aeration pipe. Each sensor is electrically connected to the main controller of the control system via signal lines.

2. The automatic turning and aeration integrated composting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system is located on the side of the device, and the main controller is a PLC controller.

3. The automatic turning and aeration integrated composting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral blades of the turning mechanism are welded to the spiral shaft, and the spiral angle is 30°.

4. The automatic turning and aeration integrated composting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each branch aeration pipe of the aeration system is equipped with a solenoid valve, and the aeration control module achieves zone control by controlling the on and off of each solenoid valve.

5. The automatic turning and aeration integrated composting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signals from each sensor are converted from analog to digital by the signal conditioning module and then transmitted to the main controller.

6. The automatic turning and aeration integrated composting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation chamber adopts a double-wall structure, with an inner layer of stainless steel plate and an outer layer of rock wool insulation.

7. The automatic turning and aeration integrated composting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The timing control module automatically adjusts the turning frequency and aeration intensity according to the temperature, humidity, and oxygen concentration data fed back by the monitoring system and the preset control logic: when the temperature exceeds 65℃, the turning system is activated to cool down; when the oxygen concentration is below 5%, the aeration intensity is increased; when the humidity exceeds 70%, the turning system is activated and aeration is reduced.

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