A device for producing fine cadmium

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of fine cadmium production device, including shell, heating chamber, cooling chamber, outlet pipe and air pump;Vertical extension cavity is opened in shell;Heating chamber is set in the bottom of cavity, heater is provided in shell, and heater heats the inside of heating chamber;Cooling chamber is set in the middle of cavity, and cooling chamber is communicated with heating chamber by connecting pipeline, and cooling chamber includes primary cooling chamber, secondary cooling chamber and tertiary cooling chamber, primary cooling chamber, secondary cooling chamber and tertiary cooling chamber are sequentially arranged from bottom to top and are interconnected, and primary cooling chamber, secondary cooling chamber and tertiary cooling chamber are used to cool gas at different temperatures;Air pump is set in the top of shell, and the fine cadmium production device can be fully condensed by three-stage condensation to gas, while liquefied purification of cadmium is carried out in secondary cooling chamber, and it can be quickly collected, improve the purity of cadmium, and reduce impurities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the purification of refined cadmium, and in particular to a refined cadmium production apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Cadmium purification refers to the process of removing impurities from crude cadmium or cadmium-containing raw materials to obtain high-purity metallic cadmium. Cadmium is an important heavy metal, mainly used in the manufacture of nickel-cadmium batteries, electroplating, pigments, alloys, and nuclear reactor control rods. Cadmium purification methods include vacuum distillation, electrolytic refining, zone melting, and chemical displacement / precipitation. The principle of vacuum distillation is based on the difference in boiling points between cadmium and impurity elements (such as zinc, lead, thallium, and copper) (cadmium has a lower boiling point, approximately 765°C). When crude cadmium is heated in a vacuum environment, cadmium evaporates preferentially and is then collected by condensation on a condenser, while impurities with higher boiling points remain in the residue. However, in existing technologies, due to the boiling point of cadmium (Cd) being 765°C, some key impurities, such as thallium (Tl, boiling point 1457°C) and zinc (Zn, boiling point 907°C), although their boiling points differ significantly from cadmium, may have higher volatility (vapor pressure) under vacuum and high temperatures than expected, resulting in a higher impurity content in the purified cadmium. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the problem of high impurity content in purified cadmium as described in the prior art, this invention proposes a refined cadmium production apparatus.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: it includes a shell, a heating chamber, a cooling chamber, an air outlet pipe, and an air pump; The shell has a vertically extending cavity; The heating chamber is located at the bottom of the cavity, and a heater is installed inside the shell to heat the interior of the heating chamber; The cooling chamber is located in the middle of the cavity. The cooling chamber is connected to the heating chamber through a connecting pipe. The cooling chamber includes a primary cooling chamber, a secondary cooling chamber and a tertiary cooling chamber. The primary cooling chamber, the secondary cooling chamber and the tertiary cooling chamber are arranged sequentially from bottom to top and are interconnected. The primary cooling chamber, the secondary cooling chamber and the tertiary cooling chamber are used to cool the gas at different temperatures. The air pump is located at the top of the housing and is connected to the interior of the three-stage cooling chamber through an air outlet pipe.

[0005] Preferably, the inner wall of the primary cooling chamber is fixedly connected with an insulation board; An air guide frame is fixedly connected inside the insulation board. An air passage hole is opened at the bottom of the air guide frame to allow gas to pass through.

[0006] Preferably, the secondary cooling chamber is provided with a guide pipe, a water cooling pipe and a collecting pipe, the bottom of the secondary cooling chamber is provided with a feed inlet and the top of the secondary cooling chamber is provided with a discharge outlet; The guide tube includes an S-shaped conduit and a DC conduit. The S-shaped conduit extends in the left-right direction. The left end of the S-shaped conduit is connected to the feed inlet. The right end of the S-shaped conduit is fixedly connected to a DC conduit extending in the up-down direction. The upper end of the DC conduit is connected to the discharge outlet. The water-cooling pipe is fitted onto the DC conduit and is connected to an external water-cooling device. A material collection port is located at the bottom right side of the S-shaped conduit. The material collection pipe is connected to the material collection port and to the material collection device outside the shell.

[0007] Preferably, the left side of the three-stage cooling chamber is provided with an installation groove, a fan is fixedly connected in the installation groove, and a discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the air outlet of the fan, with the left end of the discharge pipe located outside the shell. A filter bag is detachably connected to the left end of the discharge pipe, and the top of the three-stage cooling chamber is connected to the air pump through the air outlet pipe.

[0008] Preferably, a heat insulation plate is provided between the secondary cooling chamber and the primary cooling chamber.

[0009] Preferably, a filter screen is fixedly connected inside the collection port.

[0010] Preferably, the heating chamber is fixedly connected to a feed pipe, and a feed valve is provided on the feed pipe.

[0011] The advantages of this invention are: the gas can be fully condensed through three-stage condensation, while cadmium can be fully liquefied and purified in the second-stage cooling chamber, and can be collected quickly, thereby improving the purity of cadmium and reducing impurities. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water-cooled pipe structure in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of Example 1.

[0014] In the diagram, 1 is the shell, 2 is the heating chamber, 3 is the heater, 4 is the connecting pipe, 5 is the cooling chamber, 6 is the insulation board, 7 is the air guide frame, 8 is the flow guide pipe, 9 is the water cooling pipe, 10 is the three-stage cooling chamber, 11 is the fan, 12 is the discharge pipe, 13 is the filter bag, 14 is the air outlet pipe, 15 is the air pump, 16 is the collection pipe, 17 is the feed pipe, and 18 is the heat insulation board. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0016] Example 1: This example aims to propose a cadmium production apparatus.

[0017] according to Figures 1-3 As shown, it includes a housing 1, a heating chamber 2, a cooling chamber 5, an air outlet pipe 14, and an air pump 15.

[0018] The housing 1 has a vertically extending cavity.

[0019] The heating chamber 2 is located at the bottom of the cavity. A heater 3 is installed inside the shell 1. The heater 3 heats the interior of the heating chamber 2. The heating chamber 2 is fixedly connected to a feed pipe 17. A feed valve is installed on the feed pipe 17. An air inlet pipe connected to an external air inlet device is installed on the heating chamber 2. A control valve is installed on the air inlet pipe. The air inlet pipe is used to input inert gas into the heating chamber 2.

[0020] The cooling chamber 5 is located in the middle of the cavity. The cooling chamber 5 is connected to the heating chamber 2 through the connecting pipe 4. The air pump 15 is located at the top of the housing 1. The air pump 15 is connected to the interior of the cooling chamber 5 through the air outlet pipe 14.

[0021] In actual use, if the initial temperature of the gas vaporized in the heating chamber 2 is high, the natural cooling effect can be improved by extending the length of the connecting pipe 4 between the heating chamber 2 and the cooling chamber 5.

[0022] The cooling chamber 5 includes a primary cooling chamber, a secondary cooling chamber, and a tertiary cooling chamber 10. The primary cooling chamber, the secondary cooling chamber, and the tertiary cooling chamber 10 are arranged sequentially from bottom to top and are interconnected. The primary cooling chamber, the secondary cooling chamber, and the tertiary cooling chamber 10 are used to cool the gas at different temperatures.

[0023] An insulation plate 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the primary cooling chamber. The insulation plate 6 is used to maintain the temperature inside the primary cooling chamber. An air guide frame 7 is fixedly connected inside the insulation plate 6. An air guide frame 7 has an air passage hole at the bottom. Multiple air passage holes are evenly distributed so that the gas is dispersed when it passes through and evenly distributed in the chamber. The vaporized cadmium passes through the air passage hole and its temperature decreases when it enters the primary cooling chamber. The temperature inside the primary cooling chamber is maintained at 700-800°C.

[0024] The secondary cooling chamber is equipped with a guide pipe 8, a water-cooling pipe 9, and a collecting pipe 16. An inlet is located at the bottom of the secondary cooling chamber, and an outlet is located at the top. The guide pipe 8 is located within the secondary cooling chamber and includes an S-shaped conduit and a direct current conduit. The S-shaped conduit extends horizontally, with its left end connected to the inlet. A direct current conduit extending vertically is fixedly connected to the right end of the S-shaped conduit, with its upper end connected to the outlet. The water-cooling pipe 9 is fitted onto the direct current conduit. In this embodiment, a serpentine water-cooling pipe is used for the water-cooling pipe 9. On the flow guide pipe, both the upper and lower ends of the water-cooling pipe 9 are connected to the external water-cooling device. A material collection port is opened at the bottom right side of the S-shaped structure guide pipe. The material collection pipe 16 is connected to the material collection port and the material collection device outside the shell 1. The gas entering the secondary cooling chamber enters the S-shaped structure guide pipe and flows along the S-shaped structure guide pipe. When the gas flows upward into the DC guide pipe, the water-cooling pipe 9 cools the gas in the DC guide pipe, so that the gas temperature in the DC guide pipe is reduced to 320-400°C. The cadmium in the gas is liquefied, and the liquefied cadmium flows back into the S-shaped structure and flows into the material collection pipe 16 for unified collection.

[0025] A mounting slot is provided on the left side of the three-stage cooling chamber 10. A fan 11 is fixedly connected to the mounting slot. A discharge pipe 12 is fixedly connected to the air outlet of the fan 11. The left end of the discharge pipe 12 is located outside the housing 1. A filter bag 13 is detachably connected to the left end of the discharge pipe 12. Specifically, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the filter bag 13. The connecting plate and the discharge pipe 12 are detachably connected through a connecting flange. The top of the three-stage cooling chamber 10 is connected to the air pump 15 through an air outlet pipe 14. The fan 11 performs suction. When the fan 11 cools down the air, the gas will be cooled down. The dust in the fan 11 is collected by the filter bag 13.

[0026] In this embodiment, the air pump 15 is a vacuum pump. First, the gas in the cavity is evacuated to a vacuum and inert gas is injected. After the raw material is vaporized, the air pump 15 is started to draw the gas in the cavity upward.

[0027] A heat insulation plate 18 is provided between the secondary cooling chamber and the primary cooling chamber. In this embodiment, the heat insulation plate 18 adopts a multi-layer structure, usually 3-10 layers, with a certain gap between the layers. The materials used are molybdenum, stainless steel, nickel-based alloy and titanium. The heat insulation effect is achieved by reflecting and attenuating heat radiation multiple times.

[0028] A filter screen is fixedly connected inside the collection port. The filter screen is used to filter impurities in the guide pipe 8. The cadmium liquid in the guide pipe 8 flows into the collection pipe 16 through the gaps in the filter screen.

[0029] Temperature sensors that are electrically connected to an external controller are installed in the heating chamber 2, the primary cooling chamber, the secondary cooling chamber, and the tertiary cooling chamber 10.

[0030] Working principle: The raw material is fed into the heating chamber 2 through the feed pipe 17. The heating chamber 2 is heated by the heater 3. After heating, the raw material in the heating chamber 2 is vaporized. The vaporized gas is drawn upward into the primary cooling chamber by the air pump 15. The gas is cooled naturally, allowing impurities with lower boiling points to pass through. Impurities with higher boiling points are condensed and precipitated in the primary cooling chamber. The gas after primary condensation flows into the guide pipe 8. The gas in the guide pipe 8 is condensed by the water cooling pipe 9. The gas temperature is reduced by the water cooling pipe 9. The cadmium in the gas is liquefied and flows into the collection pipe 16 for unified collection. The gas after secondary condensation flows into the tertiary cooling chamber 10. The gas is cooled again by the fan 11, so that the impurities in the gas are fully condensed again.

[0031] This allows for thorough condensation of the gas through a three-stage condenser, while simultaneously enabling liquefaction and purification of cadmium in the secondary cooling chamber. This also allows for rapid collection, improving the purity of cadmium and reducing impurities.

[0032] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims and not by the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A cadmium production apparatus, characterized in that: It includes a housing (1), a heating chamber (2), a cooling chamber (5), an air outlet pipe (14), and an air pump (15); The shell (1) has a vertically extending cavity inside; The heating chamber (2) is located at the bottom of the cavity, and a heater (3) is installed inside the shell (1). The heater (3) heats the interior of the heating chamber (2). The cooling chamber (5) is located in the middle of the cavity. The cooling chamber (5) is connected to the heating chamber (2) through a connecting pipe (4). The cooling chamber (5) includes a primary cooling chamber, a secondary cooling chamber and a tertiary cooling chamber (10). The primary cooling chamber, the secondary cooling chamber and the tertiary cooling chamber (10) are arranged sequentially from bottom to top and are interconnected. The primary cooling chamber, the secondary cooling chamber and the tertiary cooling chamber (10) are used to cool the gas at different temperatures. An air pump (15) is located on the top of the housing (1) and is connected to the interior of the three-stage cooling chamber (10) through an air outlet pipe (14).

2. The cadmium production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the primary cooling chamber is fixedly connected with an insulation plate (6). An air guide frame (7) is fixedly connected inside the insulation board (6). An air passage hole is opened at the bottom of the air guide frame (7) for gas to pass through.

3. The cadmium production apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary cooling chamber is provided with a guide pipe (8), a water cooling pipe (9) and a collection pipe (16). The bottom of the secondary cooling chamber is provided with a feed inlet and the top of the secondary cooling chamber is provided with a discharge outlet. The guide pipe (8) includes an S-shaped conduit and a DC conduit. The S-shaped conduit extends in the left and right direction. The left end of the S-shaped conduit is connected to the feed inlet. The right end of the S-shaped conduit is fixedly connected to a DC conduit extending in the up and down direction. The upper end of the DC conduit is connected to the discharge outlet. The water-cooling pipe (9) is sleeved on the DC conduit and is connected to the external water-cooling device; A material collection port is provided at the bottom right side of the S-shaped conduit. The material collection pipe (16) is connected to the material collection port and is connected to the material collection device outside the shell (1).

4. The cadmium production apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The left side of the three-stage cooling chamber (10) is provided with an installation groove, and a fan (11) is fixedly connected in the installation groove. The air outlet of the fan (11) is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe (12), and the left end of the discharge pipe (12) is located outside the shell (1). The left end of the discharge pipe (12) is detachably connected to a filter bag (13), and the top of the three-stage cooling chamber (10) is connected to the air pump (15) through the air outlet pipe (14).

5. A cadmium refining production apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: A heat insulation plate (18) is provided between the secondary cooling chamber and the primary cooling chamber.

6. A cadmium refining production apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: A filter screen is fixedly connected inside the collection port.

7. A cadmium production apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The heating chamber (2) is fixedly connected to a feed pipe (17), and a feed valve is provided on the feed pipe (17).

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