High-altitude prefabricated beam and cast-in-place beam combined support-free formwork
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522222619.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-21
AI Technical Summary
[0004]在现浇梁浇筑时，按照传统施工方法，必须在地面上搭建复杂的支撑结构，对现浇梁的模板底部进行稳定支撑，以保证现浇梁能够按照设计要求有效浇筑成型，由于仓库搭建过程中需要浇筑的现浇梁数量众多，这意味着需要搭建大量的支撑件，每一根现浇梁的支撑结构搭建都需要耗费大量的人力和时间，从支撑件的搬运、组装到调整，每一个环节都需要工作人员精心操作，这无疑极大地增加了工作人员的工作强度；
[0021]1.本实用新型中，通过在预制梁上设计穿孔钢板、第一钢筋、连接钢板、角钢等结构，实现了对现浇梁模板的稳定支撑，无需进行复杂的地面支撑作业，施工人员可直接利用预制梁上的预设结构进行现浇模板的安装，大大缩短了施工准备时间，节省了大量支撑件材料成本，同时，减少了支撑结构搭建和拆除所需的人力投入，降低了人工费用，综合成本显著降低，为仓库厂房建设项目节省了可观的资金。
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Figure CN224813479U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building construction technology, specifically a formwork for combining precast beams and cast-in-place beams without scaffolding. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of modern warehousing and industrial plant construction, the booming development of the logistics industry and the continuous expansion of industrial production scale have placed more stringent demands on the structural stability, construction efficiency, and cost control of warehouses and plants. As important locations for goods storage and production activities, the structural safety and reliability of warehouses and plants are directly related to the normal operation and production safety of enterprises.
[0003] Currently, in the construction of warehouses and factory buildings, a combination of precast beams and cast-in-place beams is often used to improve the overall structural stability. Specifically, after the precast beams are installed, a cast-in-place beam is poured between two adjacent precast beams, forming an "H"-shaped structure. This structural form effectively enhances the overall rigidity and stability of the building, improves its ability to withstand various loads, and ensures the safety of the warehouse or factory building during long-term use.
[0004] When casting in place, according to traditional construction methods, complex support structures must be built on the ground to provide stable support for the bottom of the formwork of the cast-in-place beam, so as to ensure that the cast-in-place beam can be effectively cast and formed according to the design requirements. Since there are a large number of cast-in-place beams to be cast during the warehouse construction process, this means that a large number of support components need to be built. The construction of the support structure for each cast-in-place beam requires a lot of manpower and time. From the handling, assembly and adjustment of the support components, every step requires the staff to operate carefully, which undoubtedly greatly increases the workload of the staff.
[0005] Therefore, a formwork combining precast beams and cast-in-place beams without scaffolding is needed to improve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a support-free formwork for combining precast beams and cast-in-place beams at high altitudes, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0008] A formwork for combining precast beams and cast-in-place beams without supports includes two precast beams. A perforated steel plate is embedded inside the precast beam, and a first reinforcing bar is welded onto the perforated steel plate. One end of the first reinforcing bar protrudes outside the precast beam, and the end of the first reinforcing bar protruding outside the precast beam has an external thread.
[0009] A connecting steel plate is welded to one side of the precast beam. There are three connecting steel plates, which are distributed in parallel on one side of the precast beam.
[0010] An angle steel is provided on one side of the precast beam, and a cast-in-place formwork is provided on the angle steel of the two precast beams. A clamp is welded to both angle steels, and the clamp is fitted around the outer ring of the cast-in-place formwork.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the bottom of the angle steel and the connecting steel plate are spaced apart, and the bottom of the angle steel is welded to two first reinforcing bars located on the underside of the precast beam.
[0012] The above technical solution not only avoids interference between the connecting steel plate and the angle steel, but also provides sufficient space for the cast-in-place concrete to wrap around, ensuring that the connecting steel plate is completely embedded in the cast-in-place beam and improving the integrity of the precast-cast-in-place interface.
[0013] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the cast-in-place formwork includes a bottom formwork, with both ends of the bottom formwork respectively set on angle steel, and side formworks fixed on both sides of the top of the bottom formwork. The sides of the bottom formwork and the side formwork respectively abut against the side wall of the clamp.
[0014] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the bottom template and the side template are assembled to form a concave groove for casting cast-in-place beams, and the connecting steel plate is located in the concave groove.
[0015] Using the above technical solution, workers can pour concrete into the concave groove, thereby enabling the casting of the beam.
[0016] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a main reinforcement bar is welded to the side wall of the connecting steel plate, and one end of the main reinforcement bar is welded to the connecting steel plate of another precast beam.
[0017] Through the above technical solution, the main reinforcement bars serve as the main reinforcement bars during the casting of the cast-in-place beam, thereby enhancing the strength of the cast-in-place beam.
[0018] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the first reinforcing bar consists of six bars, which are welded in pairs to the bottom side of the perforated steel plate and into the holes on the left and right sides.
[0019] With the above technical solution, the six steel bars are distributed in three directions: "bottom side + left and right sides". This can evenly transfer the load of the angle steel, formwork and concrete to the main reinforcement of the precast beam, avoid local stress concentration in the perforated steel plate, and the steel bars are tied and fixed inside the precast beam to prevent the steel bars from shifting during the casting of the precast beam.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0021] 1. In this utility model, by designing perforated steel plates, first reinforcing bars, connecting steel plates, angle steel, and other structures on the precast beams, stable support for the cast-in-place beam formwork is achieved. There is no need for complex ground support operations. Construction personnel can directly use the pre-set structures on the precast beams to install the cast-in-place formwork, which greatly shortens the construction preparation time, saves a lot of support component material costs, and at the same time reduces the manpower required for the construction and dismantling of the support structure, thereby reducing labor costs and significantly lowering the overall cost, saving considerable funds for warehouse and factory construction projects.
[0022] 2. In this utility model, by pre-embedding a perforated steel plate inside the precast beam and welding a first reinforcing bar, one end of the first reinforcing bar protrudes outside the precast beam and is threaded externally, providing a stable foundation for subsequent connection with other components. At the same time, three parallel connecting steel plates welded to one side of the precast beam and angle steel welded to the bottom are tightly fitted with the cast-in-place formwork through clamps, forming an organic whole. When casting the cast-in-place beam, this structure can effectively distribute the load and enhance the connection strength between the precast beam and the cast-in-place beam.
[0023] 3. In this utility model, by designing external threads on the first reinforcing bar, it is convenient to remove the formwork from the cast-in-place beam in the later stages of construction by using bolts and other structures, thus improving the ease of formwork removal. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 This is a side view of the precast beam of this utility model.
[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the perforated steel plate of this utility model;
[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of this utility model.
[0028] In the diagram: 1. Precast beam; 2. Perforated steel plate; 3. First reinforcing bar; 30. External thread; 4. Connecting steel plate; 5. Angle steel; 6. Cast-in-place formwork; 60. Bottom formwork; 61. Side formwork; 7. Clamp. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0030] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more comprehensive description of the utility model will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and several embodiments of the utility model will be provided. However, the utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the utility model more thorough and complete.
[0031] For examples, please refer to Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution:
[0032] A formwork for combining precast beams and cast-in-place beams without supports includes two precast beams 1. A perforated steel plate 2 is embedded inside the precast beam 1. A first reinforcing bar 3 is welded onto the perforated steel plate 2. One end of the first reinforcing bar 3 extends out of the precast beam 1. The end of the first reinforcing bar 3 extending out of the precast beam 1 has an external thread 30.
[0033] Among them, the precast beam 1 is made of C50 commercial concrete with a cross-sectional size of 300mm×500mm (width×height). The length is customized according to the project requirements. The internal main reinforcement is HRB400E, and the stirrups are HPB300 (diameter 8mm, spacing 200mm) to ensure that the precast beam 1 itself has the load-bearing capacity to meet the load-bearing requirements without support.
[0034] Among them, the perforated steel plate 2 is made of Q355 low carbon steel plate with a thickness of 12mm and a plane size of 200mm×300mm (width×height). Two perforations with a diameter of 22mm are opened on the lower side and the left and right sides of the steel plate (the hole diameter is 2mm larger than the diameter of the first reinforcing bar, leaving a welding gap).
[0035] Among them, the first reinforcing bar 3 is an HRB400E threaded steel bar, one end of which is fully welded to the hole of the perforated steel plate 2, and the other end passes out of the precast beam 1. The end of the pass-out end is machined with an M20 external thread 30.
[0036] When dismantling the formwork, a suitable nut is screwed into the external thread 30 of the first reinforcing bar 3, and the nut is linked to the cast-in-place formwork 6 (bottom formwork 60 or side formwork 61) through a temporary connecting component (such as a perforated metal plate) so that the axial movement of the nut can transmit the force to the formwork.
[0037] By utilizing the helical transmission characteristics of the thread, the nut is rotated using tools such as a wrench: the nut moves axially along the first reinforcing bar 3, thereby applying a uniform tensile / pushing force to the cast-in-place formwork 6, causing the formwork to gradually and smoothly separate from the surface of the cast-in-place beam.
[0038] A connecting steel plate 4 is welded to one side of the precast beam 1. There are three connecting steel plates 4, which are distributed in parallel on one side of the precast beam 1.
[0039] Among them, the connecting steel plate 4 is made of Q355 steel, with a thickness of 10mm and a width of 150mm. There are 3 plates on each side, distributed along the length of the precast beam 1. One side of the steel plate is fully welded to the side of the precast beam 1.
[0040] An angle steel 5 is provided on one side of the precast beam 1. Cast-in-place formwork 6 is provided on the angle steel 5 of the two precast beams 1. Clamps 7 are welded on both angle steel 5 and are fitted around the outer ring of the cast-in-place formwork 6.
[0041] Among them, clamp 7 is made of Q235 U-shaped channel steel (opening width 20mm, matching the total thickness of template + timber); clamp 7 is fitted on the outside of the timber keel of cast-in-place template 6, and both ends are fixed to the horizontal side of angle steel 5 by M16 bolts. One clamp is set every 500mm along the length of each template to ensure that the template is firmly fixed.
[0042] In this embodiment, the bottom of the angle steel 5 is spaced from the bottom of the connecting steel plate 4, and the bottom of the angle steel 5 is welded to two first reinforcing bars 3 located on the lower side of the precast beam 1, serving as a tool for supporting the formwork.
[0043] The spacing not only prevents the connecting steel plate 4 and the angle steel 5 from interfering with each other, but also provides sufficient space for the cast-in-place concrete to wrap around, ensuring that the connecting steel plate 4 is completely embedded in the cast-in-place beam and improving the integrity of the precast-cast-in-place interface.
[0044] In this embodiment, the cast-in-place formwork 6 includes a bottom formwork 60, with both ends of the bottom formwork 60 respectively set on the angle steel 5, and side formwork 61 fixed on both sides of the top of the bottom formwork 60. The sides of the bottom formwork 60 and the side formwork 61 respectively abut against the side wall of the clamp 7.
[0045] In this embodiment, the bottom template 60 and the side template 61 are assembled to form a concave groove for casting the cast-in-place beam, and the connecting steel plate 4 is located in the concave groove.
[0046] Workers can pour concrete into the concave groove to carry out the casting of the beam.
[0047] In this embodiment, main reinforcement bars are welded to the side wall of the connecting steel plate 4, and one end of the main reinforcement bars is welded to the connecting steel plate 4 of another precast beam 1.
[0048] Among them, the main reinforcement bars serve as the main reinforcement bars during the casting of the cast-in-place beam, thereby enhancing the strength of the cast-in-place beam.
[0049] In this embodiment, there are six first reinforcing bars 3, which are welded in pairs to the bottom side and the holes on the left and right sides of the perforated steel plate 2.
[0050] Among them, such as Figure 3As shown, the six reinforcing bars are distributed in three directions: "bottom side + left and right sides". This can evenly transfer the load of the angle steel 5, formwork 6 and concrete to the main reinforcement of the precast beam 1, avoiding local stress concentration in the perforated steel plate 2. The reinforcing bars extend into the interior of the precast beam 1 and are tied to the main reinforcement to prevent the reinforcing bars from shifting during the pouring of the precast beam 1.
[0051] Among them, the two first reinforcing bars 3 located on the lower side can support the bottom ends of the angle steel 5.
[0052] The workflow of this utility model: When using the scaffold-free formwork designed for combining precast and cast-in-place beams in high-altitude environments:
[0053] Before the precast beam 1 is poured, the perforated steel plate 2 is fixed in the design position: the six first steel bars 3 are welded in pairs to the lower side and the holes on the left and right sides of the perforated steel plate 2, and the perforated steel plate 2 is tied and fixed to the main reinforcement of the precast beam 1. After the precast beam is transported to the construction site, the connecting steel plate 4 is welded to the side of the precast beam 1, and the angle steel 5 is welded to the bottom.
[0054] Two precast beams 1 are hoisted to their designed high-altitude positions. The spacing between the precast beams is adjusted. Then, the two ends of the main reinforcement bars are welded to the first reinforcement bars 3 of the two precast beams. The two ends of the wooden joists of the bottom formwork 60 are overlapped on the horizontal right-angled side of the angle steel 5. The formwork position is adjusted to ensure that the center line of the concave groove is aligned with the design center line of the cast-in-place beam. The side formwork 61 is connected to the bottom formwork 60 with self-tapping screws and L-shaped corner brackets. EVA sealing strips are pasted at the joints. The height of the side formwork is adjusted to be consistent with the design height of the cast-in-place beam. Clamps 7 are fitted on the outside of the wooden joists of the formwork. The bolts at both ends of the clamps pass through the horizontal side of the angle steel 5 and are tightened. A clamp is set every 500mm to ensure that the formwork is tightly fixed to the angle steel without any loosening. Then, concrete is poured into the concave groove.
[0055] All standard parts used in this application can be purchased from the market. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art and are also general components, which are common knowledge in this field.
[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A scaffold-free formwork combining precast and cast-in-place beams for high-altitude applications, characterized in that... include: Two precast beams (1), with a perforated steel plate (2) embedded inside the precast beam (1), and a first reinforcing bar (3) welded on the perforated steel plate (2). One end of the first reinforcing bar (3) extends out of the precast beam (1), and the end of the first reinforcing bar (3) extending out of the precast beam (1) is provided with an external thread (30). A connecting steel plate (4) is welded to one side of the precast beam (1). There are three connecting steel plates (4), which are distributed in parallel on one side of the precast beam (1). An angle steel (5) is provided on one side of the precast beam (1), and a cast-in-place template (6) is provided on the angle steel (5) of the two precast beams (1). A clamp (7) is welded on both angle steels (5), and the clamp (7) is fitted on the outer ring of the cast-in-place template (6).
2. The formwork for combining precast and cast-in-place beams at high altitudes without scaffolding, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The angle steel (5) is spaced from the bottom of the connecting steel plate (4), and the bottom of the angle steel (5) is welded to two first reinforcing bars (3) located on the underside of the precast beam (1).
3. The formwork for combining precast and cast-in-place beams at high altitudes without scaffolding, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The cast-in-place formwork (6) includes a bottom formwork (60), with both ends of the bottom formwork (60) set on angle steel (5) respectively. Side formworks (61) are fixed on both sides of the top of the bottom formwork (60), and the sides of the bottom formwork (60) and the side formworks (61) respectively abut against the side wall of the clamp (7).
4. The formwork for combining precast and cast-in-place beams at heights without scaffolding, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that: The bottom template (60) and the side template (61) are assembled to form a concave groove for casting cast-in-place beams, and the connecting steel plate (4) is located in the concave groove.
5. The formwork for combining precast and cast-in-place beams at high altitudes without scaffolding, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that: The connecting steel plate (4) has main reinforcement bars welded to its side wall, and one end of the main reinforcement bars is welded to the connecting steel plate (4) of another precast beam (1).
6. The formwork for combining precast and cast-in-place beams at high altitudes without scaffolding, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that: There are six first reinforcing bars (3), which are welded in pairs to the bottom side of the perforated steel plate (2) and into the holes on the left and right sides.