Fast and slow charging electronic lock driving circuit and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a fast and slow charging electronic lock driving circuit and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of driving circuits.The fast and slow charging electronic lock driving circuit comprises a power conversion circuit and a switching circuit.The input end of the switching circuit is connected with the power conversion circuit, the first output end is connected with the power end of the fast charging electronic lock of the fast and slow charging electronic lock, and the second output end is connected with the power end of the fast and slow charging electronic lock.The switching circuit is used for conducting the path between the power conversion circuit and the power end of the fast charging electronic lock and breaking the path between the power conversion circuit and the power end of the slow charging electronic lock when the first signal is received at the controlled end of the switching circuit.The switching circuit is also used for conducting the path between the power conversion circuit and the power end of the slow charging electronic lock and breaking the path between the power conversion circuit and the power end of the fast charging electronic lock when the second signal is received at the controlled end of the switching circuit.The application can reduce circuit redundancy, reduce cost and space occupation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of drive circuit technology, and in particular to a fast and slow charging electronic lock drive circuit and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy electric vehicles, miniaturization and low cost have become core competitive advantages for major manufacturers, and the application of circuit integration technology is becoming increasingly widespread. Electric vehicles are typically equipped with fast and slow charging functions, and correspondingly configured with fast and slow charging electronic locks. Current solutions mostly use two independently operating electronic lock systems. However, fast and slow charging functions do not work simultaneously in actual use, so two independently operating electronic lock systems will cause circuit redundancy, increasing manufacturing costs and space occupation. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a fast and slow charging electronic lock drive circuit, which aims to reduce circuit redundancy and lower the cost and space occupation of the drive circuit.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit, the fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit comprising: A power conversion circuit is used to convert an external power supply into the power supply voltage required by the fast and slow charging electronic lock drive circuit. A switching circuit, wherein the input terminal of the switching circuit is connected to the output terminal of the power conversion circuit, the first output terminal of the switching circuit is connected to the power supply terminal of the fast charging electronic lock of the fast and slow charging electronic lock, and the second output terminal of the switching circuit is connected to the power supply terminal of the fast and slow charging electronic lock. The switching circuit is configured to, upon receiving a first signal at its controlled end, open the path between the power conversion circuit and the power supply terminal of the fast-charging electronic lock and close the path between the power conversion circuit and the power supply terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock. The switching circuit is further configured to, upon receiving a second signal at its controlled end, connect the power conversion circuit and the power supply terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock and disconnect the power conversion circuit and the power supply terminal of the fast-charging electronic lock.

[0005] Optionally, the switching circuit includes: A fast charging switch circuit, wherein the first controlled terminal of the fast charging switch circuit is connected to the power input terminal of the fast charging electronic lock, and the fast charging switch circuit is used to turn on when a fast charging drive signal is received to open the fast charging electronic lock; A slow charging switch circuit, wherein the first controlled terminal of the slow charging switch circuit is connected to the power input terminal of the slow charging electronic lock, and the slow charging switch circuit is used to turn on when a slow charging drive signal is received to open the slow charging electronic lock; A driving circuit, wherein the first output terminal of the driving circuit is connected to the control terminal of the fast charging switch circuit, and the second output terminal of the driving circuit is connected to the control terminal of the slow charging switch circuit; The driving circuit is used to control the fast charging switch circuit to turn on and the slow charging switch circuit to turn off when it receives a first signal at its controlled end. The driving circuit is also used to control the slow charging switch circuit to turn on and the fast charging switch circuit to turn off when the controlled terminal receives the second signal.

[0006] Optionally, the fast charging switch circuit includes: A first switching transistor, the first controlled terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the first power input terminal of the fast charging electronic lock, the control terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the first output terminal of the drive circuit, a first resistor is connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the control terminal of the first switching transistor, and a first diode is connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the second controlled terminal of the first switching transistor. The second switch has a first controlled terminal connected to the second power input terminal of the fast-charging electronic lock, a control terminal connected to the first output terminal of the drive circuit, a second resistor connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the control terminal of the second switch, and a second diode connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the second controlled terminal of the second switch.

[0007] Optionally, the slow charging switch circuit includes: The third switch has a first controlled terminal connected to the first power input terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock, a control terminal connected to the second output terminal of the drive circuit, a third resistor connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the control terminal of the third switch, and a third diode connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the second controlled terminal of the third switch. The fourth switch has a first controlled terminal connected to the second power input terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock, a control terminal connected to the second output terminal of the drive circuit, a fourth resistor connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the control terminal, and a fourth diode connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the second controlled terminal.

[0008] Optionally, the driving circuit includes: A fast charging drive circuit, wherein the controlled terminal of the fast charging drive circuit is connected to the controlled terminal of the fast charging switch circuit; A slow charging drive circuit, wherein the controlled terminal of the slow charging drive circuit is connected to the controlled terminal of the slow charging switch circuit; The controlled terminals of the fast charging drive circuit and the slow charging drive circuit are electrically interlocked.

[0009] Optionally, the fast charging drive circuit includes: The fifth switch transistor has a control terminal for receiving an external drive signal. A fifth resistor is connected in series between the first controlled terminal of the fifth switch transistor and the controlled terminal of the fast charging switch circuit. The second controlled terminal of the fifth switch transistor is grounded.

[0010] Optionally, the slow charging drive circuit includes: The sixth switch transistor, the control terminal of which is used to receive an external drive signal, and the second controlled terminal of which is grounded; The sixth resistor, the second end of which is connected to the first controlled terminal of the sixth switching transistor; The seventh switch is connected to the first controlled terminal of the sixth switch, the first controlled terminal of the seventh switch is connected to the control terminal of the slow charging switch circuit, and the second controlled terminal of the seventh switch is grounded. The seventh resistor has its second end connected to the first controlled end of the seventh switch.

[0011] Optionally, the power conversion circuit includes: Two sets of bridge arm units, each of which includes a first bridge arm switch and a second bridge arm switch connected in series.

[0012] Optionally, the fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit further includes: A current detection circuit is provided, wherein the first terminal of the current detection circuit is connected to the first output terminal of the power conversion circuit, and the second terminal of the current detection circuit is connected to the on terminal of the switch control circuit.

[0013] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this utility model also provides a vehicle, including the fast and slow charging electronic lock drive circuit described above.

[0014] This embodiment of the invention incorporates a power conversion circuit and a switching circuit. The power conversion circuit first converts external power into the supply voltage required by the fast and slow charging electronic lock drive circuit. Then, the input terminal of the switching circuit is connected to the power conversion circuit, the first output terminal of the switching circuit is connected to the power supply terminal of the fast charging electronic lock, and the second output terminal of the switching circuit is connected to the power supply terminal of the slow charging electronic lock. The switching circuit, upon receiving a first signal at its controlled end, either opens the path between the power conversion circuit and the power supply terminal of the fast charging electronic lock and closes the path between the power conversion circuit and the power supply terminal of the slow charging electronic lock. Alternatively, the switching circuit, upon receiving a second signal at its controlled end, can also open the path between the power conversion circuit and the power supply terminal of the slow charging electronic lock and close the path between the power conversion circuit and the power supply terminal of the fast charging electronic lock. This allows the fast charging electronic lock and the slow charging electronic lock to share a single power conversion circuit, reducing circuit redundancy and lowering the cost and space occupied by the drive circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a circuit block diagram of a fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 A circuit block diagram of a fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 The circuit diagram of the fast charging switch circuit; Figure 4 for Figure 2 The circuit diagram of the slow charging switch circuit; Figure 5 A circuit block diagram of a fast and slow charging electronic lock drive circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 The circuit diagram of the fast charging driver circuit; Figure 7 for Figure 5 The circuit diagram of the slow charging drive circuit; Figure 8This is a circuit diagram of the power conversion circuit of this utility model; Figure 9 This is a circuit block diagram of a fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of icon numbers: 10. Power conversion circuit; 20. Switching circuit; 21. Drive circuit; 211. Fast charging drive circuit; 212. Slow charging drive circuit; 22. Fast charging switch circuit; 23. Slow charging switch circuit; 30. Slow charging electronic lock; 40. Fast charging electronic lock; 50. Current detection circuit.

[0019] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Well-known modules, units, and their connections, links, communications, or operations are not shown or described in detail. Furthermore, the described features, architectures, or functions can be combined in any way in one or more embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the various embodiments described below are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In existing technologies, new energy electric vehicles typically require two independently operating electronic lock systems to achieve fast and slow charging functions. Since fast and slow charging functions do not operate simultaneously, two independent electronic lock drive systems result in redundant circuitry, occupying space and increasing manufacturing costs. For example, in charging piles or on-board charging devices, independently configured fast-charging and slow-charging electronic locks require separate power supply paths and control modules, leading to a waste of hardware resources.

[0022] Furthermore, traditional solutions lack effective interlocking mechanisms, posing a risk of misoperation and failing to achieve intelligent power switching control. Moreover, existing drive circuits provide insufficient protection for the switching transistors, making them susceptible to damage from overcurrent or overvoltage, thus affecting the lifespan of the electronic lock.

[0023] To address the aforementioned issues, analysis revealed that the mutual exclusion of fast and slow charging functions makes circuit sharing possible. If the switching between the two electronic locks can be implemented within the same circuit, redundant layouts can be avoided. Based on this, the design focuses on controlling the power supply selection of different electronic locks via external signals. The key is to construct a switch structure with dual output paths, allowing it to select and activate either the fast-charging or slow-charging electronic lock based on a control signal under a single power input. This achieves dual-lock control with a single driver, simplifying the circuit and reducing cost and layout space.

[0024] Based on the above, referring to Figure 1 In one embodiment of this utility model, the fast / slow charging electronic lock 30 driving circuit 21 includes a power conversion circuit 10 and a switching circuit 20, wherein: The power conversion circuit 10 is used to convert the external power supply into the power supply voltage required by the fast and slow charging electronic lock drive circuit; the input terminal of the switching circuit 20 is connected to the power conversion circuit 10, the first output terminal of the switching circuit 20 is connected to the power supply terminal of the fast charging electronic lock 40 of the fast and slow charging electronic lock, and the second output terminal of the switching circuit 20 is connected to the power supply terminal of the fast and slow charging electronic lock 30. The switching circuit 20 is configured to, upon receiving a first signal at its controlled end, open the path between the power conversion circuit 10 and the power supply terminal of the fast-charging electronic lock 40 and close the path between the power conversion circuit 10 and the power supply terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock 30; the switching circuit 20 is also configured to, upon receiving a second signal at its controlled end, open the path between the power conversion circuit 10 and the power supply terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock 30 and close the path between the power conversion circuit 10 and the power supply terminal of the fast-charging electronic lock 40.

[0025] The power conversion circuit 10 refers to the interface that provides power to the entire drive circuit 21. It can be implemented using a DC power supply terminal or an AC rectified voltage input node. Its function is to introduce external power supply into the switching circuit 20. The switching circuit 20 refers to an electronic component with dual-path switching function. It can be implemented using a relay array or a combination of semiconductor switching devices, such as a switching module composed of MOSFETs or IGBTs. It selects the conduction path through a control signal, thereby avoiding the redundant layout of two independent power supply lines. The power supply terminals of the fast-charging electronic lock 40 and the slow-charging electronic lock 30 refer to the power supply inputs of the two electronic locks, respectively. They can be connected using copper foil traces or conductive contacts. The selective conduction of the switching circuit 20 enables time-division multiplexing of a single power supply.

[0026] When the external control unit sends the first signal, the control logic inside the switching circuit 20 connects the power supply terminal of the fast-charging electronic lock 40 to the power conversion circuit 10, while simultaneously disconnecting the power supply terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock 30. At this time, the supply voltage only applies to the fast-charging electronic lock 40, driving it to perform locking or unlocking actions. When it is necessary to switch to slow charging mode, the second signal triggers the switching circuit 20 to change its conduction state, allowing the power supply terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock 30 to receive power, while the power supply terminal of the fast-charging electronic lock 40 is disconnected. Thus, the same power conversion circuit 10, through the time-sharing control of the switching circuit 20, realizes the alternating power supply of the two electronic locks, eliminating the need to set up separate power supply lines for each.

[0027] Compared to existing technologies, traditional solutions require separate power supply and control circuits for fast charging and slow charging electronic locks 30, resulting in a significant increase in the number of circuit components. This embodiment, however, integrates the two power supply paths into a single switchable path by sharing the switching circuit 20 and the power conversion circuit 10, significantly reducing the number of relays, wires, and interfaces. For example, in a typical application, where four sets of switching devices were originally required to control the fast charging and slow charging circuits respectively, only two sets of interlocking switches are needed to achieve the same function.

[0028] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment effectively solves the redundancy problem in the power supply system of the fast and slow charging electronic lock 30. By employing the time-sharing control mechanism of the switching circuit 20, circuit complexity and hardware costs are reduced while ensuring functional integrity. Simultaneously, the integrated design reduces the board area occupied, facilitating the miniaturization of the charging device. This solution is particularly suitable for space- and cost-sensitive electric vehicle charging systems, improving circuit integration without compromising reliability.

[0029] This embodiment incorporates a power conversion circuit 10 and a switching circuit 20. The power conversion circuit 10 first converts external power into the supply voltage required by the fast and slow charging electronic lock drive circuit. Then, the input terminal of the switching circuit 20 is connected to the power conversion circuit 10, the first output terminal of the switching circuit 20 is connected to the power supply terminal of the fast charging electronic lock 40, and the second output terminal of the switching circuit 20 is connected to the power supply terminal of the slow charging electronic lock 30. The switching circuit 20 is configured to, upon receiving a first signal at its controlled end, open the path between the power conversion circuit 10 and the power supply terminal of the fast charging electronic lock 40 and close the path between the power conversion circuit 10 and the power supply terminal of the slow charging electronic lock 30. Alternatively, the switching circuit 20 is configured to, upon receiving a second signal at its controlled end, open the path between the power conversion circuit 10 and the power supply terminal of the slow charging electronic lock 30 and close the path between the power conversion circuit 10 and the power supply terminal of the fast charging electronic lock 40. This allows the fast charging and slow charging electronic locks to share a single power conversion circuit, reducing circuit redundancy and lowering the cost and space requirements of the drive circuit.

[0030] Optionally, refer to Figure 2 Another embodiment of this utility model provides a fast / slow charging electronic lock 30 driving circuit 21, based on the above. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the switching circuit 20 includes a fast charging switching circuit 22, a slow charging switching circuit 23, and a driving circuit 21, wherein: The first controlled terminal of the fast charging switch circuit 22 is connected to the power input terminal of the fast charging electronic lock 40. The fast charging switch circuit 22 is used to turn on when a fast charging drive signal is received to open the fast charging electronic lock 40. The first controlled terminal of the slow charging switch circuit 23 is connected to the power input terminal of the slow charging electronic lock 30. The slow charging switch circuit 23 is used to turn on when a slow charging drive signal is received to open the slow charging electronic lock 30. The first output terminal of the drive circuit 21 is connected to the control terminal of the fast charging switch circuit 22, and the second output terminal of the drive circuit 21 is connected to the control terminal of the slow charging switch circuit 23. The drive circuit 21 is used to control the fast charging switch circuit 22 to turn on and control the slow charging switch circuit 23 to turn off when its controlled terminal receives a first signal. The drive circuit 21 is also used to control the slow charging switch circuit 23 to turn on and control the fast charging switch circuit 22 to turn off when its controlled terminal receives a second signal.

[0031] The fast-charging switch circuit 22 refers to the combination of semiconductor devices used to control the on / off state of the fast-charging electronic lock 40. It can be implemented using a single-switch transistor structure or a parallel structure of two switches. The control terminal of each switch transistor is connected to the drive circuit 21 through a resistor, and is used to conduct the power supply circuit of the corresponding electronic lock when a high-level signal is received. The slow-charging switch circuit 23 refers to the combination of semiconductor devices used to control the on / off state of the slow-charging electronic lock 30. It can be implemented using a switch transistor structure symmetrical to that of the fast-charging switch circuit 22, and achieves mutual exclusion conduction with the fast-charging circuit through an independent control terminal. The drive circuit 21 refers to the logic control unit, which can be implemented using a transistor array. It generates the drive level of the corresponding switch circuit 20 by receiving external control signals, ensuring that the fast-charging and slow-charging circuits do not conduct simultaneously.

[0032] When the external control signal is in the first state, the drive circuit 21 outputs a high level to the control terminal of the fast charging switch circuit 22 and a low level to the control terminal of the slow charging switch circuit 23. At this time, the fast charging switch is turned on, forming the power supply circuit for the fast charging electronic lock 40, while the slow charging switch is in the off state. When the control signal switches to the second state, the output level of the drive circuit 21 reverses, the slow charging switch is turned on to form a slow charging circuit, and the fast charging switch is simultaneously turned off. The drive circuit 21 ensures that the two circuits are always not simultaneously on through a level interlocking mechanism.

[0033] Traditional solutions employ two independent drive circuits 21 to control the fast-charging and slow-charging electronic locks 30 respectively, resulting in redundant circuit components. This embodiment integrates the drive circuit 21 with an interlocking control mechanism, achieving control unit sharing while maintaining functional isolation and eliminating redundant circuit structures. This embodiment effectively reduces the number of components and wiring complexity of the electronic lock drive circuit 21, significantly reducing circuit board area and material costs while maintaining the independence of fast and slow charging functions. Furthermore, the level interlocking mechanism avoids the risk of circuit conflicts caused by misoperation.

[0034] Optionally, refer to Figure 3 Another embodiment of this utility model provides a fast / slow charging electronic lock 30 driving circuit 21, based on the above. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the fast charging switch circuit 22 includes a first switch Q1 and a second switch Q2, wherein: The first controlled terminal of the first switch Q1 is connected to the first power input terminal of the fast-charging electronic lock 40, and the control terminal of the first switch Q1 is connected to the first output terminal of the drive circuit 21. A first resistor R1 is connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the control terminal of the first switch Q1, and a first diode D1 is connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the second controlled terminal of the first switch Q1. The first controlled terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to the second power input terminal of the fast-charging electronic lock 40, and the control terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to the first output terminal of the drive circuit 21. A second resistor R2 is connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the control terminal of the second switch Q2, and a second diode D2 is connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the second controlled terminal of the second switch Q2.

[0035] In this design, the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are semiconductor devices used to control the on / off state of the fast-charging electronic lock 40. They can be implemented using N-channel MOSFETs or IGBTs, and their control terminals receive drive signals to achieve on or off states. The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are current-limiting components connected between the control terminal and the controlled terminal of the switch. They can be implemented using surface-mount resistors or carbon film resistors, and are used to stabilize the control terminal voltage and prevent sudden current changes. The first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are protection components connected in parallel between the controlled terminals of the switch. They can be implemented using Schottky diodes or fast recovery diodes, and are used to release the back electromotive force when the switch is turned off.

[0036] When the drive circuit 21 outputs a fast-charging drive signal, the control terminals of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 simultaneously receive a high-level signal. At this time, the first switch Q1 turns on, allowing the first power input terminal of the fast-charging electronic lock 40 to receive the supply voltage, and the second switch Q2 turns on, forming a loop at the second power input terminal of the fast-charging electronic lock 40. The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 respectively limit the current flowing through the control terminals of the two switches, preventing the drive circuit 21 from being overloaded. The first diode D1 and the second diode D2 provide a freewheeling path for the inductive load at the moment the switches turn off, preventing voltage spikes from damaging the devices. The two sets of switches are symmetrically distributed across the power input terminals of the fast-charging electronic lock 40, forming a complete current path control.

[0037] This embodiment directly controls the two ends of the power input through two sets of independent switching transistors. While achieving bidirectional conduction control, it utilizes built-in resistors and diodes to complete current limiting and reverse protection, eliminating the installation space required for discrete components and effectively solving the problem of complex structure in the fast-charging electronic lock 40 drive circuit 21. The symmetrical layout of the two sets of switching transistors can directly match the dual-end power supply requirements of the electronic lock. The built-in resistors and diodes reduce the number of external protection circuits, significantly reducing the board area and component procurement costs while ensuring high voltage and high current carrying capacity.

[0038] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 In another embodiment of this utility model, a driving circuit 21 for a fast / slow charging electronic lock 30 is provided, based on the above. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the slow charging switch circuit 23 includes a third switch Q3 and a fourth switch Q4, wherein: The first controlled terminal of the third switch Q3 is connected to the first power input terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock 30, and the control terminal of the third switch Q3 is connected to the second output terminal of the drive circuit 21. A third resistor R3 is connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the control terminal of the third switch Q3, and a third diode D3 is connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the second controlled terminal of the third switch Q3. The first controlled terminal of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the second power input terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock 30, and the control terminal of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the second output terminal of the drive circuit 21. A fourth resistor R4 is connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the control terminal of the fourth switch Q4, and a fourth diode D4 is connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the second controlled terminal of the fourth switch Q4.

[0039] The third switch Q3 is a semiconductor device used to control the on / off state of the first power input terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock 30. It can be implemented using a MOSFET or a transistor, and its control terminal receives a drive signal to switch the conduction state. The third resistor R3 is a current-limiting element connected in parallel between the control terminal and the controlled terminal of the third switch Q3. It can be implemented using a carbon film resistor or a metal film resistor and is used to suppress voltage fluctuations in the control signal. The third diode D3 is a unidirectional conducting element connected in parallel between the two controlled terminals of the third switch Q3. It can be implemented using a silicon-based diode or a Schottky diode and is used to eliminate the back electromotive force generated during the switching process. The functions of the fourth switch Q4, the fourth resistor R4, and the fourth diode D4 correspond to those of the third switch Q3, the third resistor R3, and the third diode D3, respectively acting on the second power input terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock 30.

[0040] When the second output terminal of the drive circuit 21 outputs a valid level signal, the control terminals of the third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4 are activated, forming a conduction path between the first and second controlled terminals. This allows the power conversion circuit 10 to convert the supply voltage and transmit it to the two power input terminals of the slow-charging electronic lock 30. The third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 stabilize the control terminal voltage of the switches through a shunt effect, preventing signal overshoot from damaging the devices. The third diode D3 and the fourth diode D4 provide a reverse current discharge path when the switches are turned off, suppressing the influence of transient voltage on the circuit.

[0041] This embodiment uses a combination of dual switching transistors, resistors, and diodes to achieve bidirectional power control while reducing the number of external protection components, improving circuit integration and reliability. It enables stable driving of the slow-charging electronic lock 30 with a compact circuit structure, avoiding voltage surges caused by switching transients. At the same time, the synergistic effect of resistors and diodes simplifies the design of peripheral circuits, effectively reducing manufacturing costs and space requirements.

[0042] Optionally, refer to Figure 5 In another embodiment of this utility model, a driving circuit 21 for a fast / slow charging electronic lock 30 is provided, based on the above. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the driving circuit 21 includes a fast charging driving circuit 211 and a slow charging driving circuit 212, wherein: The controlled terminal of the fast charging drive circuit 211 is connected to the controlled terminal of the fast charging switch circuit 22; the controlled terminal of the slow charging drive circuit 212 is connected to the controlled terminal of the slow charging switch circuit 23; the controlled terminals of the fast charging drive circuit 211 and the slow charging drive circuit 212 are electrically interlocked.

[0043] Electrical interlocking refers to the mutual constraint relationship between the control signals of the two drive circuits 21 in electrical logic. This can be achieved using reverse logic levels or cross-feedback circuits. For example, when the fast-charging drive circuit 211 receives a conduction signal, the slow-charging drive circuit 212 automatically cuts off the control signal. The fast-charging drive circuit 211 is the drive unit used to control the on / off state of the fast-charging switch circuit 22. It can be implemented using transistors or field-effect transistors in conjunction with current-limiting resistors. For example, in the fast-charging drive circuit 211, a fifth switch S1 and a fifth resistor Rs1 are connected in series to convert the external drive signal into the control level of the fast-charging switch. The slow-charging drive circuit 212 is the drive unit used to control the on / off state of the slow-charging switch circuit 23. It can be implemented using a combination of multiple switch stages. For example, in the slow-charging drive circuit 212, a sixth switch S2, a sixth resistor Rs2, and a seventh switch S3 are cascaded to enhance the stability of the drive signal.

[0044] When an external control signal is input to the fast charging drive circuit 211, it transmits the drive signal to the control terminal of the fast charging switch circuit 22, enabling it to turn on the power supply path of the fast charging electronic lock 40. At this time, the fast charging drive circuit 211 outputs a prohibition signal to the slow charging drive circuit 212 through an electrical interlock mechanism, forcing the slow charging drive circuit 212 to cut off the control signal of the slow charging switch circuit 23. Conversely, when the slow charging drive circuit 212 receives an external control signal, its drive signal, while turning on the slow charging switch circuit 23, simultaneously forces the fast charging drive circuit 211 to shut down through the interlock circuit. Therefore, the fast charging and slow charging drive circuits 21 cannot be in a conducting state simultaneously, ensuring that the power supply path only supplies power to a single electronic lock.

[0045] This embodiment employs an electrical interlock design to enforce a mutual exclusion relationship between drive signals at the hardware level. This avoids simultaneous conduction of two paths without relying on complex software control, effectively resolving resource conflicts caused by the simultaneous operation of the fast-charging and slow-charging electronic lock drive circuits 21. The hardware interlock mechanism ensures strict mutual exclusion of the two drive signals, simplifying the circuit structure and improving system reliability. Furthermore, the interlock mechanism eliminates the need for an additional control chip, reducing manufacturing costs and preventing signal delays from affecting the electronic lock's response speed.

[0046] Optionally, refer to Figure 6 Another embodiment of this utility model provides a fast / slow charging electronic lock 30 driving circuit 21, based on the above. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the fast charging drive circuit 211 includes a fifth switch S1, wherein: The control terminal of the fifth switch S1 is used to access an external drive signal. A fifth resistor Rs1 is connected in series between the first controlled terminal of the fifth switch S1 and the controlled terminal of the fast charging switch circuit 22. The second controlled terminal of the fifth switch S1 is grounded.

[0047] The fifth switch S1 is a semiconductor device that is turned on or off by a control signal. It can be implemented using a PNP transistor or a P-channel MOSFET and is used to switch the fast charging switch circuit 22 on and off according to the state of the external drive signal. The fifth resistor Rs1 is a current-limiting element connected in series between the fifth switch S1 and the fast charging switch circuit 22. It can be implemented using a fixed-value surface mount resistor or a carbon film resistor and is used to limit the current flowing through the fifth switch S1 to prevent damage to the device due to excessive current.

[0048] When an external drive signal is applied to the control terminal of the fifth switch S1, the fifth switch S1 turns on, creating a current path between the controlled terminal of the fast charging switch circuit 22 and ground through the fifth resistor Rs1, thereby triggering the fast charging switch circuit 22 to enter the working state. When the external drive signal is removed, the fifth switch S1 turns off, the path between the controlled terminal of the fast charging switch circuit 22 and ground is broken, and the fast charging switch circuit 22 stops working. The current limiting effect of the fifth resistor Rs1 ensures the stability of the drive signal while reducing circuit power consumption.

[0049] This embodiment simplifies the circuit structure, reduces the number of components, and lowers the manufacturing cost by using a simple combination of a single switching transistor and a current-limiting resistor, while ensuring driving capability. It enables reliable driving of the fast-charging electronic lock 40 at a lower cost, while reducing the space occupied on the circuit board, which is beneficial to the integrated design of the electric vehicle charging system.

[0050] Optionally, refer to Figure 7 Another embodiment of this utility model provides a fast / slow charging electronic lock 30 driving circuit 21, based on the above. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the slow charging drive circuit 212 includes a sixth switch S2, a sixth resistor Rs2, a seventh switch S3, and a seventh resistor Rs3, wherein: The control terminal of the sixth switch S2 is used to receive an external drive signal, and the second controlled terminal of the sixth switch S2 is grounded; the second terminal of the sixth resistor Rs2 is connected to the first controlled terminal of the sixth switch S2; the control terminal of the seventh switch S3 is connected to the first controlled terminal of the sixth switch S2, the first controlled terminal of the seventh switch S3 is connected to the control terminal of the slow charging switch circuit 23, and the second controlled terminal of the seventh switch S3 is grounded; the second terminal of the seventh resistor Rs3 is connected to the first controlled terminal of the seventh switch S3.

[0051] In this circuit, the sixth switch S2 is a semiconductor device used to control the transmission path of the slow-charging drive signal. It can be implemented using a PNP transistor or a P-channel MOSFET. Its base or gate receives an external drive signal to control the on / off state of the collector-emitter or drain-source. The sixth resistor Rs2 is a current-limiting element used to limit the current at the control terminal of the seventh switch S3. It can be implemented using a carbon film resistor or a metal film resistor, with a resistance value ranging from, for example, 1kΩ to 10kΩ. It is used to form a voltage divider circuit when the sixth switch S2 is turned on. The seventh switch S3 is a semiconductor device used as an inverter. It can be implemented using a PNP transistor or a P-channel MOSFET. Its base or gate receives the level signal output by the sixth switch S2, and changes the potential of the control terminal of the slow-charging switch circuit 23 by changing its on or off state.

[0052] When an external drive signal is applied to the control terminal of the sixth switch S2, if the signal is low, the sixth switch S2 turns on, pulling the potential of its first controlled terminal down to ground. At this time, the sixth resistor Rs2 and the control terminal of the seventh switch S3 form a voltage divider circuit. The seventh switch S3 turns on because its control terminal receives sufficient drive voltage, thereby grounding the control terminal of the slow charging switch circuit 23 and turning it off. If the external drive signal is low, the sixth switch S2 remains off, and the sixth resistor Rs2 pulls the potential of the control terminal of the seventh switch S3 high, turning it off. At this time, the control terminal of the slow charging switch circuit 23 turns on because it receives a high level through the pull-up resistor.

[0053] This embodiment uses a combination of the sixth switch S2 and the seventh switch S3 to form a simple inverter, which, together with the sixth resistor Rs2, achieves level conversion, significantly reducing the number of components while ensuring the accuracy of logic control. Furthermore, the design of the seventh switch S3 directly controlling the grounding path of the slow charging switch circuit 23 effectively avoids the risk of simultaneous conduction of fast and slow charging drive signals. A complete slow charging drive control loop can be constructed with three basic electronic components, reducing the number of components in the drive circuit 21 by approximately 60% while maintaining the original electronic lock drive function, and eliminating the signal delay problem that may be caused by logic chips in traditional solutions. This structure ensures the mutually exclusive operation of the fast charging and slow charging electronic locks 30 through a hardware interlocking mechanism, avoiding the risk of short circuits due to software control errors.

[0054] Optionally, refer to Figure 8 In another embodiment of this utility model, a driving circuit 21 for a fast / slow charging electronic lock 30 is provided, based on the above. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the power conversion circuit 10 includes two sets of bridge arm units, wherein: Each of the bridge arm units includes a first bridge arm switch and a second bridge arm switch connected in series.

[0055] The bridge arm unit refers to a series structure consisting of two switching devices, which can be implemented using metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors or insulated-gate bipolar transistors, and is used to control the on / off connection between the external power supply and the electronic lock drive circuit 21. The first bridge arm switch and the second bridge arm switch refer to two switching devices located on the high side and low side respectively in the same bridge arm unit. They can be synchronously turned on or off using a complementary driving method, thereby avoiding damage to the circuit caused by the direct current.

[0056] The power conversion circuit 10 forms a power supply path through the series connection of two bridge arm units. Stable power output is achieved through the coordinated control of the first and second bridge arm switches. In some specific embodiments, the switching devices in the bridge arm units can be configured as parallel reverse diodes, such as integrated diodes within the MOSFET device. When the circuit is in the off state, the reverse diode provides a freewheeling path for the induced electromotive force, preventing voltage spikes from damaging the switching devices. The control terminal of the bridge arm unit can be connected to the output pin of the driver chip, controlling the turn-on timing through a pulse width modulation signal.

[0057] This embodiment utilizes semiconductor switching devices to construct the bridge arm structure, eliminating the reliability issues associated with mechanical contacts. The complementary driving method of the bridge arm units effectively avoids the risk of power short circuits, while the fast switching characteristics of solid-state devices improve circuit response speed. By employing a complementary driving method for the bridge arm units, efficient power transmission is achieved, reducing energy loss. Furthermore, the symmetrical layout of the two sets of bridge arm units simplifies circuit design and reduces production costs.

[0058] Optionally, refer to Figure 9 Another embodiment of this utility model provides a fast / slow charging electronic lock 30 driving circuit 21, based on the above. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the fast / slow charging electronic lock 30 drive circuit 21 further includes a current detection circuit 50, wherein: The first terminal of the current detection circuit 50 is connected to the first output terminal of the power conversion circuit 10, and the second terminal of the current detection circuit 50 is connected to the on terminal of the switch control circuit.

[0059] The current detection circuit 50 is used to monitor the current flowing through the power conversion circuit 10 in real time. It can be implemented using a Hall sensor or a sampling resistor in conjunction with an operational amplifier. By feeding back the detected current signal to the switch control circuit, the driving state of the electronic lock can be dynamically adjusted. The power conversion circuit 10 is used to control the connection and disconnection between the external power supply and the switch control circuit. It can be implemented using a bridge structure composed of multiple switching transistors. By switching the on / off state of different bridge arms, the power input path can be adjusted.

[0060] The current detection circuit 50 collects the current signal from the output of the power conversion circuit 10 and transmits it to the switch control circuit. When the current detection circuit 50 detects an abnormal current, such as overcurrent or short circuit, the switch control circuit can promptly cut off the conduction state of the power conversion circuit 10, thereby preventing damage to the electronic lock drive circuit 21 due to excessive current. Under normal operating conditions, the current detection circuit 50 continuously monitors the current of the power conversion circuit 10 to ensure that the power supply path of the fast-charging or slow-charging electronic lock 30 remains stable.

[0061] Existing technologies typically lack current detection functionality, making it impossible to monitor the current state of the electronic lock drive circuit 21 in real time. This results in insufficient circuit protection and susceptibility to overcurrent-induced failures. This embodiment introduces a current detection circuit 50, combined with the linkage mechanism between the power conversion circuit 10 and the switch control circuit. This not only optimizes current monitoring capabilities but also improves system reliability and safety through feedback control. It effectively prevents damage to components in the electronic lock drive circuit 21 caused by abnormal current. Furthermore, real-time current feedback optimizes the switch control logic, reduces circuit redundancy, and minimizes the space occupied and manufacturing costs associated with independently setting up two electronic lock systems.

[0062] This utility model also proposes a vehicle, which includes a fast and slow charging electronic lock drive circuit as described in the above embodiments.

[0063] It is worth noting that since the vehicle of this utility model is based on the above-mentioned fast and slow charging electronic lock drive circuit, the embodiments of the vehicle of this utility model include all the technical solutions of all embodiments of the above-mentioned fast and slow charging electronic lock drive circuit, and the technical effects achieved are exactly the same, so they will not be repeated here.

[0064] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit, characterized in that, The fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit includes: A power conversion circuit is used to convert an external power supply into the power supply voltage required by the fast and slow charging electronic lock drive circuit. A switching circuit, wherein the input terminal of the switching circuit is connected to the output terminal of the power conversion circuit, the first output terminal of the switching circuit is connected to the power supply terminal of the fast charging electronic lock of the fast and slow charging electronic lock, and the second output terminal of the switching circuit is connected to the power supply terminal of the fast and slow charging electronic lock. The switching circuit is configured to, upon receiving a first signal at its controlled end, open the path between the power conversion circuit and the power supply terminal of the fast-charging electronic lock and close the path between the power conversion circuit and the power supply terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock. The switching circuit is further configured to, upon receiving a second signal at its controlled end, connect the power conversion circuit and the power supply terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock and disconnect the power conversion circuit and the power supply terminal of the fast-charging electronic lock.

2. The fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The switching circuit includes: A fast charging switch circuit, wherein the first controlled terminal of the fast charging switch circuit is connected to the power input terminal of the fast charging electronic lock, and the fast charging switch circuit is used to turn on when a fast charging drive signal is received to open the fast charging electronic lock; A slow charging switch circuit, wherein the first controlled terminal of the slow charging switch circuit is connected to the power input terminal of the slow charging electronic lock, and the slow charging switch circuit is used to turn on when a slow charging drive signal is received to open the slow charging electronic lock; A driving circuit, wherein the first output terminal of the driving circuit is connected to the control terminal of the fast charging switch circuit, and the second output terminal of the driving circuit is connected to the control terminal of the slow charging switch circuit; The driving circuit is used to control the fast charging switch circuit to turn on and the slow charging switch circuit to turn off when it receives a first signal at its controlled end. The driving circuit is also used to control the slow charging switch circuit to turn on and the fast charging switch circuit to turn off when the controlled terminal receives the second signal.

3. The fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fast charging switch circuit includes: A first switching transistor, the first controlled terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the first power input terminal of the fast charging electronic lock, the control terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the first output terminal of the drive circuit, a first resistor is connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the control terminal of the first switching transistor, and a first diode is connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the second controlled terminal of the first switching transistor. The second switch has a first controlled terminal connected to the second power input terminal of the fast-charging electronic lock, a control terminal connected to the first output terminal of the drive circuit, a second resistor connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the control terminal of the second switch, and a second diode connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the second controlled terminal of the second switch.

4. The fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The slow charging switch circuit includes: The third switch has a first controlled terminal connected to the first power input terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock, a control terminal connected to the second output terminal of the drive circuit, a third resistor connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the control terminal of the third switch, and a third diode connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the second controlled terminal of the third switch. The fourth switch has a first controlled terminal connected to the second power input terminal of the slow-charging electronic lock, a control terminal connected to the second output terminal of the drive circuit, a fourth resistor connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the control terminal, and a fourth diode connected in parallel between the first controlled terminal and the second controlled terminal.

5. The fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The driving circuit includes: A fast charging drive circuit, wherein the controlled terminal of the fast charging drive circuit is connected to the controlled terminal of the fast charging switch circuit; A slow charging drive circuit, wherein the controlled terminal of the slow charging drive circuit is connected to the controlled terminal of the slow charging switch circuit; The controlled terminals of the fast charging drive circuit and the slow charging drive circuit are electrically interlocked.

6. The fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The fast charging driver circuit includes: The fifth switch transistor has a control terminal for receiving an external drive signal. A fifth resistor is connected in series between the first controlled terminal of the fifth switch transistor and the controlled terminal of the fast charging switch circuit. The second controlled terminal of the fifth switch transistor is grounded.

7. The fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The slow charging drive circuit includes: The sixth switch transistor has a control terminal for receiving an external drive signal and a second controlled terminal for grounding. The sixth resistor, the second end of which is connected to the first controlled terminal of the sixth switching transistor; The seventh switch is connected to the first controlled terminal of the sixth switch, the first controlled terminal of the seventh switch is connected to the control terminal of the slow charging switch circuit, and the second controlled terminal of the seventh switch is grounded. The seventh resistor has its second end connected to the first controlled end of the seventh switch.

8. The fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power conversion circuit includes: Two sets of bridge arm units, each of which includes a first bridge arm switch and a second bridge arm switch connected in series.

9. The fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit also includes: A current detection circuit is provided, wherein the first terminal of the current detection circuit is connected to the output terminal of the power conversion circuit, and the second terminal of the current detection circuit is connected to the input terminal of the switching circuit.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the fast / slow charging electronic lock drive circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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