Diesel engine fuel injection nozzle

Abstract

The utility model is suitable for fuel injection nozzle technical field, specifically provides diesel engine fuel injection nozzle, including nozzle main part, the injection end of nozzle main part has nozzle head, the inside of injection end of nozzle main part has pressure chamber, and the needle valve end portion in injection main part is matched with pressure chamber, the inside of nozzle head still is provided with a plurality of premixing capillary, and nozzle has still provided with a plurality of premixing chamber, one end of premixing capillary is connected with corresponding premixing chamber, and the other end extends to nozzle some end side surface, one -way valve is provided with in each premixing capillary, and one -way valve is used to make the high pressure gas in cylinder under the action of pressure difference makes one -way valve open, makes premixing capillary one -way conduction. The utility model is through the cooperation of premixing chamber and premixing capillary, and the fuel flowing from pressure chamber mixes in advance and forms homogeneous oil gas mixture, then sprays out again through vice injection port, main injection port directly sprays high pressure fuel, forms the layered injection structure of premixed gas and pure fuel, makes combustion more fully.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of fuel injectors, and particularly relates to fuel injectors for diesel engines. Background Technology

[0002] Diesel engines, with their strong power and excellent fuel economy, are widely used in commercial vehicles, construction machinery, and ships. As a core component of the diesel engine's fuel supply system, the fuel injector's performance (atomization effect, injection accuracy, reliability, etc.) directly determines the quality of the combustion process, making it a key focus of technological research and development. However, existing injectors still suffer from technical problems such as large diesel atomized particle diameter and insufficient uniformity of fuel-air mixing, leading to lower combustion efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model embodiment is to provide a diesel engine fuel injector, which aims to solve the technical problem that existing injectors still have problems such as large diesel atomization particle diameter, insufficient uniformity of fuel and air mixing, resulting in low combustion efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution.

[0005] Diesel engine fuel injectors, including: The nozzle body has a nozzle head at its spray end and a pressure chamber inside the spray end of the nozzle body, which cooperates with the end of the needle valve inside the spray body. The nozzle head also contains multiple premixing tubes and multiple premixing chambers. One end of the premixing capillary is connected to the corresponding premixing chamber, and the other end extends to the end side of the nozzle head; Each premixed capillary is connected in series with a one-way valve. The one-way valve is used to open the one-way valve under the action of the pressure difference of the high-pressure gas in the cylinder, so that the premixed capillary can be opened in one direction.

[0006] Furthermore, multiple premixed capillary tubes correspond one-to-one with multiple premixed chambers; the multiple premixed chambers are arranged in a circumferential array around the opening of the pressure chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the nozzle head has a spray section, which includes a main spray port and multiple auxiliary spray ports.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple secondary injection ports are arranged in a circumferential array around the main injection port.

[0009] Furthermore, the axis of the main injection port is collinear with the central axis of the nozzle head, and the axis of the secondary injection port is set at an angle of 15° to 30° with the axis of the main injection port. Through the coordinated operation of the main injection port and multiple secondary injection ports, a composite injection pattern of central concentrated jet and peripheral diffused jet can be formed, thereby improving the coverage of fuel in the cylinder.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the diesel engine fuel injector of this utility model embodiment are: By combining the premixing chamber and the premixing capillary, the high-pressure air in the cylinder precisely enters the premixing chamber during the compression stroke, and mixes with the fuel flowing in from the pressure chamber in advance to form a homogeneous fuel-air mixture, which is then sprayed out through the secondary injection port; the main injection port directly injects high-pressure fuel, forming a stratified injection structure of premixed air and pure fuel. This structure not only improves the local mixing uniformity through premixing, but also ensures the fuel concentration gradient through the main injection, making combustion more complete and significantly improving thermal efficiency compared to traditional injectors. In summary, the injector of this invention effectively improves the fuel-air mixture quality while ensuring injection stability, thus balancing engine power, economy, and environmental friendliness. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0012] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a diesel engine fuel injector provided for an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a diesel engine fuel injector provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of point a.

[0013] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Nozzle body; 2. Nozzle head; 3. Pressure chamber; 4. Needle valve; 5. Secondary injection port; 6. Main injection port; 7. Premixed capillary tube; 8. Premixed chamber; 9. Check valve. Detailed Implementation

[0014] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0015] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0016] In this utility model, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "top," and "bottom" are generally used in relation to the direction shown in the accompanying drawings, or in relation to the vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational direction of the component itself; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself, but the above directional terms are not used to limit this utility model.

[0017] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural diagram of a diesel engine fuel injector provided in one embodiment of the present invention. like Figure 1 As shown, the diesel engine fuel injector provided by this utility model includes: The nozzle body 1 has a nozzle head 2 at its spray end, and the nozzle head 2 has a spray section. Furthermore, the nozzle body 1 has a pressure chamber 3 inside the injection end, which cooperates with the end of the needle valve 4 inside the injection body 1. The injection part is used to spray the oil-gas mixture in the pressure chamber 3. The needle valve 4 can also be used to block the injection part. Specifically, according to its stroke, when the end of the needle valve 4 moves to abut against the pressure chamber 3, it can achieve the effect of blocking the injection part.

[0018] In this embodiment, the needle valve 4 achieves synchronous control of the main injection port 6 and multiple auxiliary injection ports 5 by pressing against the outlet end of the pressure chamber 3. Combined with the one-way conduction characteristic of the one-way valve 9, it avoids fuel leakage or premature injection, effectively controls the injection quantity error, and significantly improves combustion stability.

[0019] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the injection section includes a main injection port 6 and multiple auxiliary injection ports 5, which are arranged in a circumferential array around the main injection port 6. In a preferred embodiment, the axis of the main injection port 6 is collinear with the central axis of the nozzle head 2, and the axis of the secondary injection port 5 is set at an angle of 15° to 30° with the axis of the main injection port 6. Through the coordinated operation of the main injection port 6 and multiple secondary injection ports 5, a composite injection pattern of a central concentrated jet and an outer peripheral diffused jet can be formed, thereby improving the fuel coverage within the cylinder. Therefore, In this embodiment, the injection section, through the cooperation of a main injection port 6 and multiple auxiliary injection ports 5, can form a dispersed multi-jet stream, increasing the contact area between diesel fuel and air in the cylinder and improving the combustion effect.

[0020] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3In this embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of premixed tubes 7 are also provided inside the nozzle head 2, and a plurality of premixed chambers 8 are also provided inside the nozzle head 2. The plurality of premixed tubes 7 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of premixed chambers 8. The plurality of premixed chambers 8 are arranged in a circumferential array around the opening of the pressure chamber 3. One end of the premixed capillary tube 7 is connected to the corresponding premixed chamber 8, and the other end extends to the end side of the nozzle head 2. When the nozzle of this embodiment is assembled on the corresponding engine cylinder block, the other end of the premixed capillary tube 7 communicates with the inner cavity of the cylinder block. Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, each premixed capillary tube 7 is connected in series with a one-way valve 9. The one-way valve 9 is used to open the one-way valve 9 under the action of the pressure difference of the high-pressure gas in the cylinder, so that the premixed capillary tube 7 is unidirectionally open; otherwise, the oil-gas mixture in the premixed chamber 8 will not enter the cylinder from the premixed capillary tube 7.

[0021] In one implementation, the check valve 9 adopts the spring-reset valve core type check valve in the prior art, and the specific structure is no longer limited.

[0022] In practice, when the pressure inside the cylinder is higher than the pressure inside the premixing chamber 8 (such as during the middle of the compression stroke of the engine cylinder), the pressure difference overcomes the spring force of the return spring of the one-way valve 9 and pushes the valve core to open, and the high-pressure air inside the cylinder enters the premixing chamber 8 through the premixing cap 7; when the pressure inside the cylinder is lower than or equal to the pressure inside the premixing chamber 8 (such as during the intake stroke, power stroke, and exhaust stroke of the cylinder), the return spring of the one-way valve 9 pushes the valve core to reset, and the one-way valve 9 closes, blocking the backflow of the oil-air mixture in the premixing chamber 8 into the cylinder; As can be seen, in this embodiment, through the cooperation of the premixing chamber 8 and the premixing capillary tube 7, the high-pressure air in the cylinder precisely enters the premixing chamber 8 during the compression stroke, and mixes with the fuel flowing in from the pressure chamber 3 in advance to form a homogeneous fuel-air mixture, which is then sprayed out through the secondary injection port 5; the main injection port 6 directly injects high-pressure fuel, forming a layered injection structure of premixed air and pure fuel. This structure not only improves the local mixing uniformity through premixing, but also ensures the fuel concentration gradient through the main injection, making combustion more complete and significantly improving thermal efficiency compared to traditional injectors.

[0023] In summary, the injector of this invention effectively improves the fuel-air mixture quality while ensuring injection stability, thus balancing engine power, economy, and environmental friendliness.

[0024] The above solutions are merely illustrative examples of preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. When implementing this invention, appropriate substitutions and / or modifications can be made according to the user's needs.

[0025] The number of devices and processing scale described herein are for the purpose of simplifying the description of this utility model. Applications, modifications, and variations of this utility model will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0026] Although embodiments of this utility model have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be applied to various fields suitable for this utility model. Other modifications can be readily implemented by those skilled in the art. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, this utility model is not limited to the specific details and examples shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A diesel engine fuel injector, characterized in that, include: The nozzle body (1) has a nozzle head (2) at the spray end and a pressure chamber (3) inside the spray end of the nozzle body (1). The pressure chamber (3) is matched with the end of the needle valve (4) inside the spray body (1). The nozzle head (2) is also provided with multiple premixing tubes (7) and multiple premixing chambers (8). One end of the premixing capillary (7) is connected to the corresponding premixing chamber (8), and the other end extends to the end side of the nozzle head (2); Each premixed capillary tube (7) is connected in series with a one-way valve (9). The one-way valve (9) is used to open the one-way valve (9) under the action of the pressure difference of the high-pressure gas in the cylinder, so that the premixed capillary tube (7) is unidirectionally open.

2. The diesel engine fuel injector according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple premixed capillary tubes (7) correspond one-to-one with multiple premixed chambers (8); Multiple premixing chambers (8) are arranged in a circular array around the opening of the pressure chamber (3).

3. The diesel engine fuel injector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The nozzle head (2) has a spray section, which includes a main spray port (6) and multiple auxiliary spray ports (5).

4. The diesel engine fuel injector according to claim 3, characterized in that, Multiple secondary injection ports (5) are arranged in a circular array around the main injection port (6).

5. The diesel engine fuel injector according to claim 4, characterized in that, The axis of the main injection port (6) is collinear with the central axis of the nozzle head (2); The axis of the secondary injection port (5) is set at an angle of 15° to 30° with the axis of the main injection port (6).

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