Automatic water guiding device for high-altitude coal mine water pump

Abstract

This utility model provides an automatic water priming device for water pumps applicable to high-altitude coal mines, relating to the technical field of water pump priming devices. It includes a drainage chamber and a suction chamber and a pressure-changing chamber located above the drainage chamber. The suction chamber is connected to a suction pipe and a manual water supply valve, and also to an electric air vent valve, an electric air vent valve, and a manual air vent valve. An electric water supply valve is connected to one side of the pressure-changing chamber, and the pressure-changing chamber contains a sealed cavity consisting of an upper chamber and a lower chamber, separated by a sealing diaphragm. This utility model employs a third negative pressure pipe, increasing the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the priming device, improving the suction lift, and making the priming device more suitable for high-altitude working environments. Simultaneously, it ensures that the water level inside the priming device is always higher than the pump body, effectively suppressing pump cavitation. The use of an electric air vent valve and a pump air vent pipe ensures that all gas inside the pump body is completely expelled before pump startup, filling the pump body with water and improving pump startup efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of water pump priming devices, and in particular to an automatic water priming device for water pumps suitable for high-altitude coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mine drainage primarily relies on central pump stations. The stability and reliability of coal mine drainage are crucial indicators of safe production. Safe and efficient pump priming systems are essential for rapid pump startup and reliable operation. High-altitude areas, with significantly lower atmospheric pressure, place higher demands on the suction lift capacity, cavitation suppression effect, and environmental adaptability of priming systems. However, existing pump priming systems are mostly designed for conventional low-altitude conditions. In the specific application scenarios of high-altitude coal mines, the limitations of their structural and functional design become increasingly apparent, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of continuous and uninterrupted drainage in coal mine production. The existing priming devices for coal mine water pumps have the following technical defects: Firstly, they lack a dedicated structure to actively increase the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the device. In high-altitude environments, during pump startup and operation, the reduced air pressure can lead to insufficient suction lift, excessive water resistance, and flow rate reduction. Simultaneously, cavitation can easily occur inside the pump due to water level fluctuations or localized low pressure, exacerbating wear on pump components and increasing vibration, noise, and heat generation during operation, severely shortening the pump's lifespan and reducing its efficiency. Secondly, before starting the pump, the existing priming devices cannot prime the pump body... The complete removal of residual gas causes the water pump to start with air, resulting in large vibrations, high noise levels, and significant cavitation damage, thus reducing the pump's starting efficiency. Third, existing water pump priming devices mostly use electrical components to detect water levels. In the harsh working conditions of underground coal mines—humid, dusty, and subject to electromagnetic interference—these electrical components are prone to failure, leading to disordered priming control logic, frequent pump shutdowns, increased equipment maintenance costs, and even potential impacts on coal mine safety. Therefore, this utility model proposes an automatic priming device for water pumps suitable for high-altitude coal mines to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model proposes an automatic water priming device for water pumps in high-altitude coal mines. This device employs a third negative pressure pipe, increasing the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the priming device and improving the suction lift, making it more suitable for high-altitude working environments. Simultaneously, the third negative pressure pipe ensures that the priming device is always filled with water during operation, with the water level higher than the pump body, effectively suppressing pump cavitation. Furthermore, the use of an electric exhaust valve and exhaust pipe ensures that all gas inside the pump is completely expelled before startup, filling the pump body with water and improving pump startup efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the purpose of this utility model, the following technical solution is provided: an automatic water pump priming device suitable for high-altitude coal mines, comprising a drainage chamber and a suction chamber and a pressure transformer chamber located above the drainage chamber. The suction chamber is connected to a suction pipe and a manual water supply valve, and is also connected to an electric air vent valve, an electric air vent valve, and a manual air vent valve. An electric water supply valve is connected to one side of the pressure transformer chamber, and the pressure transformer chamber contains a sealed cavity consisting of an upper cavity and a lower cavity, separated by a sealing diaphragm. An electromagnetic switch for detecting the position of the sealing diaphragm is located in the lower cavity. The drainage chamber communicates with the suction chamber, and the drainage chamber is provided with a drainage pipe and an inspection hole. It also includes a first negative pressure pipe, a second negative pressure pipe, and a third negative pressure pipe, which are used to create a pressure difference between the drainage chamber, the suction chamber, and the pressure transformer chamber and control the water level. The opening and closing of the electric water supply valve and the electric air vent valve of the water pump are automatically controlled by the PLC program to complete the automatic water intake.

[0005] A further improvement is that the electric water supply valve is connected to an external water supply system via a water supply pipe.

[0006] A further improvement is that: the variable diameter water supply pipe is provided inside the pressure-changing chamber, and the large diameter end of the variable diameter water supply pipe is connected to an electric water supply valve, while the small diameter end of the variable diameter water supply pipe leads to the drainage chamber.

[0007] A further improvement is that one end of the first negative pressure pipe is connected to the variable diameter water supply pipe, and the other end of the first negative pressure pipe is connected to the drainage chamber.

[0008] A further improvement is that one end of the second negative pressure tube is connected to the lower cavity, and the other end of the second negative pressure tube is connected to the first negative pressure tube.

[0009] A further improvement is that the third negative pressure pipe is located inside the drain chamber, and one end of the third negative pressure pipe is connected to the drain pipe, while the other end of the third negative pressure pipe extends into the water absorption chamber in a bent shape.

[0010] A further improvement is that: the inside of the drainage cavity is provided with a wave-damping pipe, the upper end of which is fixed to the top of the drainage cavity, the lower end of which is placed inside the drainage cavity, and the first negative pressure pipe is located inside the wave-damping pipe.

[0011] A further improvement is that one end of the drain pipe is connected to the water pump's suction port via a flange, and the other end of the drain pipe extends to the bottom of the drain cavity via a bend.

[0012] A further improvement is that the electric exhaust valve is connected to an exhaust pipe for discharging gas outside the device.

[0013] A further improvement is that the electric exhaust valve of the water pump is connected to a water pump exhaust pipe, and the other end of the water pump exhaust pipe is connected to the water pump for discharging gas from the water pump.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model adopts a third negative pressure pipe, which increases the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the water priming device, improves the suction head, and makes the water priming device more suitable for high-altitude working sites. At the same time, it ensures that the water level inside the water priming device is always higher than the water pump body, effectively suppressing water pump cavitation. The water pump electric exhaust valve and water pump exhaust pipe are used to ensure that the gas inside the pump body is completely discharged before the water pump is started, and the pump body is filled with water, thereby improving the water pump starting efficiency.

[0015] 2. This utility model adopts a variable pressure chamber, which uses mechanical and fluid mechanics principles to detect the water level in the drainage chamber. By adjusting the length of the first negative pressure pipe, the water level in the drainage chamber can be controlled. It is sensitive and reliable, avoids the common failures of electrical components, and improves the stability and reliability of the water diversion device control. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the left side of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram on the right side of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front end of this utility model; Figure 5 For the present utility model Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the sectional view along the central AA direction; Figure 6 For the present utility model Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at point I in the middle; Figure 7 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0017] The components are as follows: 1. Drainage chamber; 2. Suction chamber; 3. Variable pressure chamber; 4. Suction pipe; 5. Manual water supply valve; 6. Electric air vent valve for water pump; 7. Electric air vent valve; 8. Manual air vent valve; 9. Electric water supply valve; 10. Upper chamber; 11. Lower chamber; 12. Sealing diaphragm; 13. Electromagnetic switch; 14. Drainage pipe; 15. Inspection hole; 16. First negative pressure pipe; 17. Second negative pressure pipe; 18. Third negative pressure pipe; 19. Water supply pipe; 20. Variable diameter water supply pipe; 21. Waveproof pipe; 22. Water pump; 23. Air vent pipe; 24. Water pump air vent pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To deepen the understanding of this utility model, the following detailed description will be provided in conjunction with embodiments. These embodiments are only used to explain this utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0019] Example 1 according to Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, this embodiment proposes an automatic water intake device for water pumps applicable to high-altitude coal mines. It includes a drainage chamber 1 and a suction chamber 2 and a pressure-changing chamber 3 located above the drainage chamber 1. The suction chamber 2 is connected to a suction pipe 4 and a manual water supply valve 5, and is also connected to an electric air vent valve 6, an electric air vent valve 7, and a manual air vent valve 8. An electric water supply valve 9 is connected to one side of the pressure-changing chamber 3, and the pressure-changing chamber 3 has a sealed cavity composed of an upper cavity 10 and a lower cavity 11. The upper cavity 10 and the lower cavity 11 are separated by a sealing diaphragm 12. An electromagnetic switch 13 for detecting the position of the sealing diaphragm 12 is located in the lower cavity 11. The drainage chamber 1 communicates with the suction chamber 2, and the drainage chamber 1 is provided with a drainage pipe 14 and an inspection hole 15. It also includes a first negative pressure pipe 16, a second negative pressure pipe 17 and a third negative pressure pipe 18, which are used to form a pressure difference between the drainage chamber 1, the water suction chamber 2 and the pressure changing chamber 3 and control the water level. The opening and closing of the electric water supply valve 9 and the electric air vent valve 6 and electric air vent valve 7 of the water pump are automatically controlled by the PLC program to complete the automatic water intake.

[0020] The electric water supply valve 9 is connected to an external water supply system via a water supply pipe 19. A variable-diameter water supply pipe 20 is provided inside the pressure-changing chamber 3, with its large-diameter end connected to the electric water supply valve 9 and its small-diameter end leading to the drainage chamber 1. One end of the first negative pressure pipe 16 is connected to the variable-diameter water supply pipe 20, and the other end of the first negative pressure pipe 16 leads to the drainage chamber 1. One end of the second negative pressure pipe 17 is connected to the lower chamber 11, and the other end of the second negative pressure pipe 17 is connected to the first negative pressure pipe 16. The third negative pressure pipe 18 is located inside the drainage chamber 1, with one end connected to the drainage pipe 14 and the other end of the third negative pressure pipe 18 extending in a bent shape into the water absorption chamber 2. When the water level in the drainage chamber 1 does not overflow the port of the first negative pressure pipe 16, the flow velocity increases and the pressure decreases as water flows from the large-diameter water supply pipe 19 into the small-diameter variable-diameter water supply pipe 20. Some of the gas in the drainage chamber 1 flows into the drainage chamber 1 through the first negative pressure pipe 16 and the variable-diameter water supply pipe 20 and is discharged through the electric exhaust valve 7. At this time, the pressure in the upper chamber 10 and the lower chamber 11 is the same, and the sealing diaphragm 12 is in a balanced state. When the water supply overflows the port of the first negative pressure pipe 16, the gas in the drain chamber 1 no longer flows into the first negative pressure pipe 16. At this time, the gas in the lower chamber 11 flows into the drain chamber 1 through the second negative pressure pipe 17, the first negative pressure pipe 16, and the variable diameter water supply pipe 20, and is discharged through the electric exhaust valve 7. The lower chamber 11 forms a negative pressure. Under the pressure difference between the upper chamber 10 and the lower chamber 11, the sealing diaphragm 12 deforms downward and touches the electromagnetic switch 13. The electromagnetic switch 13 outputs a signal, and the PLC controller closes the electric water supply valve 9, the electric exhaust valve 7, and the electric exhaust valve 6 of the water pump. At this time, the water priming device is in a sealed state and the automatic water priming process of the water pump 22 is completed. The water pump 22 is in a standby state. When water pump 22 starts, it first draws away the liquid inside drainage chamber 1. The liquid level in drainage chamber 1 drops, creating negative pressure. A pressure difference is formed between the inside and outside atmospheric pressure of drainage chamber 1. Under the action of this pressure difference, water from the suction well flows into drainage chamber 1. When the water discharged from drainage pipe 14 and the water drawn in by suction pipe 4 reach equilibrium, the liquid inside drainage chamber 1 is in a relatively balanced position. Because the water flow velocity is high and the pressure is low inside drainage pipe 14, the gas above the liquid surface in drainage chamber 1 will be discharged through the third negative pressure pipe 18 and drainage pipe 14, reducing the pressure inside drainage chamber 1 and further increasing the pressure difference inside and outside drainage chamber 1. This causes the water flow rate in suction pipe 4 to be greater than the water flow rate in drainage pipe 14, and the liquid level in drainage chamber 1 rises until it submerges the port of the third negative pressure pipe 18, reaching a new equilibrium.

[0021] The drainage chamber 1 is equipped with a wave deflector 21, with its upper end fixed to the top of the drainage chamber 1 and its lower end placed inside the drainage chamber 1. The first negative pressure pipe 16 is located inside the wave deflector 21. The wave deflector serves to smooth out waves, preventing excessive water waves in the drainage chamber 1 during water replenishment. This prevents the wave crests from overflowing the port of the first negative pressure pipe 16, creating a false impression that the water is full and triggering a false alarm. It also prevents excessive water waves inside the drainage chamber 1 from impacting the sealing diaphragm 12, electromagnetic switch 13, and the core components of the negative pressure pipe during operation, ensuring the normal operation of these components.

[0022] One end of the drain pipe 14 is connected to the suction port of the water pump 22 via a flange, and the other end of the drain pipe 14 extends to the bottom of the drain chamber 1 via a bend. The electric exhaust valve 7 is connected to an exhaust pipe 23 for discharging gas outside the device. The electric exhaust valve 6 of the water pump is connected to a water pump exhaust pipe 24, and the other end of the water pump exhaust pipe 24 is connected to the water pump 22 for discharging gas inside the water pump 22.

[0023] Example 2 according to Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, this embodiment proposes an automatic water priming device for water pumps applicable to high-altitude coal mines, comprising the following process: During operation, the system is controlled by a PLC program, and the control process is completed automatically. First, the PLC controller opens the electric water supply valve 9, the electric air vent valve 7, and the electric air vent valve 6 of the water pump. Water enters the drainage chamber 1 through the water supply pipe 19, the electric water supply valve 9, and the reducing water supply pipe 20. Gas in the drainage chamber 1 is discharged through the suction chamber 2, the electric air vent valve 7, and the air vent pipe 23. Liquid in the drainage chamber 1 enters the pump body of the water pump 22 through the drainage pipe 14. Gas inside the pump body of the water pump 22 is discharged into the suction chamber 2 through the water pump air vent pipe 24 and the electric air vent valve 6, and then discharged through the electric air vent valve 7 and the air vent pipe 23. The drainage chamber 1 is higher than the pump body of the water pump 22. Before the drainage chamber 1 is filled with liquid, the pump body of the water pump 22 is already filled with liquid and all the gas inside the pump body has been discharged. When the water level in the drainage chamber 1 does not overflow the port of the first negative pressure pipe 16, the flow velocity increases and the pressure decreases as water flows from the large-diameter water supply pipe 19 into the small-diameter variable-diameter water supply pipe 20. Some of the gas in the drainage chamber 1 flows into the drainage chamber 1 through the first negative pressure pipe 16 and the variable-diameter water supply pipe 20 and is discharged through the electric exhaust valve 7. At this time, the pressure in the upper chamber 10 and the lower chamber 11 is the same, and the sealing diaphragm 12 is in a balanced state. When the water supply overflows the port of the first negative pressure pipe 16, the gas in the drain chamber 1 no longer flows into the first negative pressure pipe 16. At this time, the gas in the lower chamber 11 flows into the drain chamber 1 through the second negative pressure pipe 17, the first negative pressure pipe 16, and the variable diameter water supply pipe 20, and is discharged through the electric exhaust valve 7. The lower chamber 11 forms a negative pressure. Under the pressure difference between the upper chamber 10 and the lower chamber 11, the sealing diaphragm 12 deforms downward and touches the electromagnetic switch 13. The electromagnetic switch 13 outputs a signal, and the PLC controller closes the electric water supply valve 9, the electric exhaust valve 7, and the electric exhaust valve 6 of the water pump. At this time, the water priming device is in a sealed state and the automatic water priming process of the water pump 22 is completed. The water pump 22 is in a standby state. When water pump 22 starts, it first draws away the liquid inside drainage chamber 1. The liquid level in drainage chamber 1 drops, creating negative pressure. A pressure difference is formed between the inside and outside atmospheric pressure of drainage chamber 1. Under the action of this pressure difference, water from the suction well flows into drainage chamber 1. When the water discharged from drainage pipe 14 and the water drawn in by suction pipe 4 reach equilibrium, the liquid inside drainage chamber 1 is in a relatively balanced position. Because the water flow velocity is high and the pressure is low inside drainage pipe 14, the gas above the liquid surface in drainage chamber 1 will be discharged through the third negative pressure pipe 18 and drainage pipe 14, reducing the pressure inside drainage chamber 1 and further increasing the pressure difference inside and outside drainage chamber 1. This causes the water flow rate in suction pipe 4 to be greater than the water flow rate in drainage pipe 14, and the liquid level in drainage chamber 1 rises until it submerges the port of the third negative pressure pipe 18, reaching a new equilibrium. When water pump 22 stops running, the PLC controller opens the electric water supply valve 9, the electric air release valve 7 and the electric air release valve 6 of the water pump. The pressure inside and outside the suction pipe 4 is the same. The liquid in the suction pipe 4 flows back to the suction well under the action of gravity. The liquid in the drainage chamber 1 is retained in the drainage chamber 1 under the action of gravity. The control system repeats the above water supply and air release process.

[0024] This automatic water priming device for high-altitude coal mines employs a third negative pressure pipe 18, increasing the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the priming device and improving the suction lift. This makes the device more suitable for high-altitude working conditions. Simultaneously, it ensures the water level inside the priming device is always higher than that of the pump body 22, effectively suppressing cavitation in the pump 22. The device uses an electric exhaust valve 6 and an exhaust pipe 24 to ensure that all gas inside the pump body is completely expelled before starting, filling the pump body with water and improving the starting efficiency of the pump 22. Furthermore, a variable pressure chamber 3 is used to detect the water level in the drainage chamber 1 using mechanical and fluid dynamics principles. By adjusting the length of the first negative pressure pipe 16, the water level in the drainage chamber 1 can be controlled, ensuring sensitivity and reliability. This avoids frequent failures of electrical components and improves the stability and reliability of the priming device control.

[0025] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic water intake device for a water pump suitable for high-altitude coal mines, comprising a drainage chamber (1) and a suction chamber (2) and a pressure transformer chamber (3) disposed above the drainage chamber (1), characterized in that: The suction chamber (2) is connected to a suction pipe (4) and a manual water supply valve (5), and is also connected to a water pump electric exhaust valve (6), an electric exhaust valve (7), and a manual exhaust valve (8); the transformer chamber (3) is connected to an electric water supply valve (9) on one side outside, and the transformer chamber (3) is provided with a sealed cavity consisting of an upper cavity (10) and a lower cavity (11), the upper cavity (10) and the lower cavity (11) are separated by a sealing diaphragm (12), and the lower cavity (11) is provided with an electromagnetic switch (13) for detecting the position of the sealing diaphragm (12); the drain chamber (1) is connected to the suction chamber (2), and the drain chamber (1) is provided with a drain pipe (14) and an inspection hole (15); It also includes a first negative pressure pipe (16), a second negative pressure pipe (17) and a third negative pressure pipe (18), which are used to form a pressure difference between the drainage chamber (1), the water suction chamber (2) and the pressure transformer chamber (3) and control the water level. The opening and closing of the electric water supply valve (9) and the electric air vent valve (6) and the electric air vent valve (7) of the water pump are automatically controlled by the PLC program to complete the automatic water intake.

2. The automatic water priming device for high-altitude coal mine water pumps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric water supply valve (9) is connected to the external water supply system through the water supply pipe (19).

3. The automatic water priming device for water pumps applicable to high-altitude coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable pressure chamber (3) is equipped with a variable diameter water supply pipe (20), and the large diameter end of the variable diameter water supply pipe (20) is connected to an electric water supply valve (9), while the small diameter end of the variable diameter water supply pipe (20) leads to the drainage chamber (1).

4. The automatic water priming device for water pumps applicable to high-altitude coal mines according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the first negative pressure pipe (16) is connected to the variable diameter water supply pipe (20), and the other end of the first negative pressure pipe (16) is connected to the drainage chamber (1).

5. An automatic water-priming device for water pumps applicable to high-altitude coal mines according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the second negative pressure tube (17) is connected to the lower cavity (11), and the other end of the second negative pressure tube (17) is connected to the first negative pressure tube (16).

6. An automatic water-priming device for water pumps applicable to high-altitude coal mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The third negative pressure pipe (18) is located inside the drain chamber (1), and one end of the third negative pressure pipe (18) is connected to the drain pipe (14), while the other end of the third negative pressure pipe (18) extends into the water absorption chamber (2) in a bent shape.

7. The automatic water priming device for a water pump suitable for high-altitude coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage cavity (1) is provided with a wave deflector (21), and the upper end of the wave deflector (21) is fixed to the top of the drainage cavity (1). The lower end of the wave deflector (21) is placed inside the drainage cavity (1), and the first negative pressure pipe (16) is set inside the wave deflector (21).

8. The automatic water priming device for a water pump suitable for high-altitude coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the drain pipe (14) is connected to the suction port of the water pump (22) via a flange, and the other end of the drain pipe (14) extends to the bottom of the drain cavity (1) via a bend.

9. An automatic water priming device for a water pump suitable for high-altitude coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric exhaust valve (7) is connected to an exhaust pipe (23) for discharging gas outside the device.

10. An automatic water-priming device for water pumps applicable to high-altitude coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric exhaust valve (6) of the water pump is connected to the exhaust pipe (24) of the water pump, and the other end of the exhaust pipe (24) is connected to the water pump (22) to discharge the gas in the water pump (22).

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