Anchors based on a combination of mechanical and chemical

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of building engineering, concretely is a kind of anchor bolt based on mechanical and chemical compound, including special composite anchor bolt, glue injection channel, glue injection joint, nut, gasket, wherein, the front section rod body of screw rod is provided with inverted taper thread, expansion sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the front end of screw rod, and screw rod is moved back by screwing nut, expansion sleeve is expanded by friction with hole wall, and initial mechanical anchoring is formed. Through the construction process of first mechanical anchoring, then welding, finally glue injection, welding operation of high temperature is placed before glue injection process, fundamentally eliminates the risk that welding heat conduction leads to carbonization, decomposition of uncured adhesive, eliminates the huge security risk of traditional chemical anchor bolt under the working condition of post-welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building engineering technology, specifically to an anchor bolt based on a combination of mechanical and chemical methods. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of post-anchoring in building engineering, chemical anchors and expansion bolts have traditionally been used, but both have obvious drawbacks.

[0003] Although chemical anchors have high anchoring strength, their chemical adhesives cannot withstand the high temperatures of welding. If welding is performed after installation, the heat will cause the adhesive to carbonize and fail, posing a serious safety hazard. At the same time, their long curing time seriously affects construction efficiency.

[0004] While mechanical anchors can provide immediate load-bearing capacity without thermal effects, they have poor seismic resistance, fatigue performance, and reliability under high loads. Furthermore, they exert significant expansion stress on the substrate during installation, making them unsuitable for brittle materials or edge areas.

[0005] Therefore, existing technologies cannot simultaneously meet the three requirements of "high strength, resistance to welding heat-affected zone, and immediate load-bearing capacity," and an innovative composite anchoring solution is urgently needed to resolve the aforementioned contradictions. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] An anchor bolt based on a combination of mechanical and chemical methods, comprising:

[0008] A special composite anchor bolt, comprising a screw and an expansion sleeve fitted onto the front end of the screw;

[0009] The glue injection channel is axially extended inside the screw;

[0010] The glue injection connector is located at the rear end of the screw and communicates with the glue injection channel for connecting to external glue injection equipment.

[0011] A nut, which is threaded onto the rear end of the screw;

[0012] A washer, which is fitted onto the screw and located in front of the nut;

[0013] The screw has an inverted conical thread at the front end, and the expansion sleeve is fitted on the outer side of the front end of the screw. By tightening the nut, the screw moves backward, causing the expansion sleeve to expand due to friction with the hole wall, thus forming an initial mechanical anchor.

[0014] Preferably, the front end of the screw is provided with an outwardly expanding head, the front end of the expanding head is cylindrical, and the rear side of the cylindrical expanding head is conical. When the expanding head moves backward, it guides the front end of the expansion sleeve to expand.

[0015] Preferably, the glue injection connector includes a connector and an injection head. The connector is threaded or crimped to the rear end of the screw, and the injection head is inserted into the rear end of the connector and communicates with the glue injection channel.

[0016] Preferably, the front section of the screw has multiple injection holes that communicate with the injection channel, and the injection holes are evenly distributed in the thread gap of the inverted tapered thread.

[0017] Preferably, the expansion sleeve has a multi-blade structure, consisting of multiple elastic blades distributed circumferentially, with gaps between the elastic blades for the flow of adhesive liquid. When the screw moves backward, the elastic blades expand outward to achieve mechanical anchoring.

[0018] Preferably, the expansion sleeve has an expansion hole located at the rear end of the gap.

[0019] Preferably, the surface of the elastic blade is provided with protrusions, and the front end of the protrusions is arc-shaped.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] 1. By using a construction process of mechanical anchoring first, then welding, and finally adhesive injection, the high-temperature welding operation is placed before the adhesive injection process. This fundamentally eliminates the risk of welding heat being conducted to the uncured adhesive, causing it to carbonize and decompose, and eliminates the huge safety hazards of traditional chemical anchors in the post-welding condition.

[0022] 2. The unique mechanical anchoring design provides an initial anchoring force of up to 30% or more of the design load capacity at the moment of installation, providing reliable safety support for subsequent welding. The injected chemical adhesive fully fills the gap, forming a high-strength chemical bond, providing long-term load capacity, seismic resistance and fatigue resistance far exceeding those of pure mechanical anchors, achieving dual safety protection and performance synergy.

[0023] 3. Welding and initial loading can be carried out immediately after mechanical anchoring, eliminating the long curing time of traditional chemical anchors. The overall construction period can be shortened by more than 50%. The integrated glue injection channel and joint design make the glue injection operation convenient and fast, with relatively relaxed requirements for the cleanliness of the base hole. Mechanical anchoring and welding can also be completed in slightly humid environments, reducing construction difficulty and rework rate. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Screw; 2. Expansion sleeve; 21. Elastic blade; 22. Gap; 3. Injection channel; 4. Injection connector; 41. Connector; 42. Injection head; 5. Nut; 6. Washer; 7. Inverted tapered thread; 8. Expansion head; 9. Injection hole. Detailed Implementation

[0027] See attached document Figure 1-2 An anchor bolt based on a combination of mechanical and chemical methods, comprising:

[0028] A special composite anchor bolt, comprising a screw 1 and an expansion sleeve 2 sleeved at the front end of the screw 1;

[0029] The glue injection channel 3 is axially extended and opened inside the screw 1;

[0030] The glue injection connector 4 is located at the rear end of the screw 1 and is connected to the glue injection channel 3 for connecting to external glue injection equipment.

[0031] Nut 5 is threaded to the rear end of screw 1;

[0032] Washer 6 is fitted onto screw 1 and is located in front of nut 5;

[0033] The screw 1 has an inverted conical thread 7 at the front end, and the expansion sleeve 2 is fitted on the outer side of the front end of the screw 1. By tightening the nut 5, the screw 1 is moved backward, causing the expansion sleeve 2 to rub against the hole wall and expand, thus forming an initial mechanical anchor.

[0034] The front end of the screw 1 is provided with an outwardly expanding head 8. The front end of the expanding head 8 is cylindrical, and the rear side of the cylindrical expanding head 8 is conical. When the expanding head 8 moves backward, it guides the front end of the expansion sleeve 2 to expand.

[0035] The inclined surface of the expansion head 8 and the expansion sleeve 2 provides an extremely high mechanical expansion ratio, which can generate a very large initial mechanical anchoring force, ensuring that the welding process is foolproof.

[0036] The glue injection connector 4 includes a connector 41 and an injection head 42. The connector 41 is threaded or crimped to the rear end of the screw 1. The injection head 42 is inserted into the rear end of the connector 41 and communicates with the glue injection channel 3.

[0037] The threaded or crimped connector 41 ensures a secure seal with the screw 1, preventing leakage during high-pressure glue injection. The plug-in injection head 42 facilitates quick connection and disassembly of the glue injection equipment, improving the efficiency of the glue injection process and keeping the interface clean to avoid glue blockage.

[0038] The front section of the screw 1 has multiple glue injection holes 9 that communicate with the glue injection channel 3. The glue injection holes 9 are evenly distributed in the thread gap of the inverted tapered thread 7.

[0039] The adhesive overflows from multiple injection holes 9 in the middle of the screw 1, realizing three-dimensional injection from the middle of the hole to both ends, avoiding air bubbles or cavities that may be caused by poor air venting when injecting adhesive only from the bottom of the hole, and ensuring the fullness of the adhesive filling.

[0040] The adhesive seeps out from the thread gap, which can better wrap the inverted tapered thread 7, forming a strong chemical engagement and greatly improving the pull-out resistance.

[0041] The expansion sleeve 2 has a multi-blade structure, consisting of multiple elastic blades 21 distributed circumferentially. A gap 22 for the flow of adhesive is formed between the elastic blades 21. When the screw 1 moves backward, the elastic blades 21 expand outward to achieve mechanical anchoring.

[0042] The gap 22 between the elastic blades 21 always exists before and after the expansion sleeve 2 expands, providing an absolutely reliable channel for the flow of adhesive from top to bottom, and completely solving the problem of adhesive blockage caused by the traditional expansion sleeve 2 being tightly attached to the hole wall.

[0043] The elastic blade 21 can smoothly and independently expand outward under the pressure of the expansion head 8, making fuller contact with the hole wall and more uniform stress distribution.

[0044] An expansion hole is provided on the expansion sleeve 2 at the rear end of the gap 22;

[0045] The expansion hole provides a pre-set space for the flow and deformation of the material, ensuring that the multi-blade structure can undergo smooth and controllable plastic deformation, thereby preventing the elastic blade 21 from tearing or being damaged during the expansion process.

[0046] The surface of the elastic blade 21 is provided with protrusions, the front end of which is arc-shaped, which greatly enhances the interlocking ability and reliability of mechanical anchoring, while optimizing stress distribution during installation and under load, and protecting the concrete substrate.

[0047] Working process and principle:

[0048] Drill holes of the specified size into the concrete substrate and clean them. At this point, the cleanliness requirements for the holes are relatively relaxed because the subsequent mechanical anchoring is not as sensitive to dust as pure chemical anchoring.

[0049] The assembled special composite anchor is inserted into the hole. The nut 5 is tightened with a torque wrench, and the washer 6 is placed against the edge of the hole. Since the front end of the screw 1 has an expansion head 8, when the nut 5 is tightened, the screw 1 will actually move backward. This action forces the expansion sleeve 2 fitted at the front end to expand outward under the pressure of the expansion head 8, generating strong friction and extrusion force with the concrete hole wall, thereby providing the initial mechanical anchoring force, which is sufficient to support subsequent construction.

[0050] After obtaining reliable initial mechanical anchoring, the components to be connected can be welded immediately. The high temperature generated by welding will be conducted through screw 1, but at this time the chemical adhesive has not yet been injected, thus fundamentally eliminating the risk of the adhesive carbonizing and failing due to high temperature. The mechanical anchoring system stably bears all the loads during the welding process.

[0051] After welding is completed, the external glue injection equipment is connected to the glue injection joint 4. The adhesive enters the glue injection channel 3 inside the screw 1 through the injection head 42 and the connector 41. Then, the glue is squeezed out from the bottom of the screw 1 and the glue injection hole 9 at the gap of the inverted tapered thread 7.

[0052] The adhesive reaches the bottom of the hole, and then, under pressure, flows back from bottom to top along the annular gap between the hole wall and the screw 1. During this process, the adhesive will flow smoothly through the gap 22 on the expansion sleeve 2, and the adhesive will enter the gap between the inverted conical thread 7 and the hole wall from the injection hole 9, ensuring that the entire gap is completely and densely filled, and firmly bonding the screw 1, the expansion sleeve 2 and the concrete matrix together.

[0053] After the adhesive cures, it forms a high-strength chemical bond. At this point, the anchoring system enters the final state where mechanical and chemical anchoring work together, and the final load can be applied and the system can be inspected.

[0054] The anchor bolt based on the combination of mechanical and chemical methods of this invention has the following advantages:

[0055] 1. By implementing a revolutionary process of "mechanical work first, then welding, and finally gluing," the high-temperature welding operation is placed before gluing, fundamentally solving the industry's problem.

[0056] 2. Strong mechanical anchoring force is provided instantly after installation, welding operations can be carried out without waiting, and the overall construction period can be shortened by more than 50%.

[0057] 3. Mechanical anchoring provides immediate, dynamic load-bearing capacity, while chemical anchoring provides high-strength, fatigue-resistant long-term load-bearing capacity. The two work together to provide a safety redundancy far exceeding that of a single anchoring method, making them particularly suitable for critical nodes requiring earthquake and fatigue resistance.

[0058] The present invention has been further described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific description herein should not be construed as limiting the substance and scope of the present invention. Various modifications made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art after reading this specification are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. The various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0059] If the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

Claims

1. An anchor bolt based on a combination of mechanical and chemical methods, characterized in that, include: A special composite anchor bolt, comprising a screw (1) and an expansion sleeve (2) sleeved on the front end of the screw (1). The glue injection channel (3) is axially extended inside the screw (1); The glue injection connector (4) is located at the rear end of the screw (1) and communicates with the glue injection channel (3) for connecting external glue injection equipment. Nut (5), which is threaded to the rear end of the screw (1); A washer (6) is fitted onto the screw (1) and located in front of the nut (5); The screw (1) has a tapered thread (7) on its front section. The expansion sleeve (2) is fitted on the outside of the front end of the screw (1). By tightening the nut (5), the screw (1) moves backward, causing the expansion sleeve (2) to rub against the hole wall and expand, forming an initial mechanical anchor.

2. The anchor bolt based on a mechanical and chemical composite according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screw (1) has an outwardly expanding head (8) at its front end. The front end of the expanding head (8) is cylindrical, and the rear side of the cylindrical expanding head (8) is conical. When the expanding head (8) moves backward, it guides the front end of the expansion sleeve (2) to expand.

3. The anchor bolt based on a mechanical and chemical composite method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The glue injection connector (4) includes a connector (41) and an injection head (42). The connector (41) is threaded or crimped to the rear end of the screw (1). The injection head (42) is inserted into the rear end of the connector (41) and communicates with the glue injection channel (3).

4. The anchor bolt based on a mechanical and chemical composite according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front section of the screw (1) has multiple glue injection holes (9) that communicate with the glue injection channel (3), and the glue injection holes (9) are evenly distributed in the thread gap of the inverted tapered thread (7).

5. An anchor bolt based on a mechanical and chemical composite method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion sleeve (2) has a multi-blade structure, consisting of multiple elastic blades (21) distributed along the circumference. A gap (22) for the flow of adhesive liquid is formed between the elastic blades (21). When the screw (1) moves backward, the elastic blades (21) expand outward to achieve mechanical anchoring.

6. An anchor bolt based on a mechanical and chemical composite method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The expansion sleeve (2) has an expansion hole located at the rear end of the gap (22).

7. An anchor bolt based on a mechanical and chemical composite method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The surface of the elastic blade (21) is provided with protrusions, and the front end of the protrusions is arc-shaped.

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