Dog tooth synchronizer structure and planetary sub-gearbox

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dog tooth synchronizer structure and planetary sub -box, dog tooth synchronizer structure includes output unit, planetary unit and input unit, and output unit includes output piece, synchronous ring and clamping piece, and the output piece is formed with the placement groove, and the synchronous ring forms a circle of outer dog tooth, and the synchronous ring still forms first clamping groove and second clamping groove on its inner side surface, and the clamping piece is set in the placement groove and is clamped with the first clamping groove or second clamping groove of synchronous ring, planetary unit includes planet carrier, and the one end of planet carrier towards synchronous ring forms annular connection part, and the connection part forms a circle of inner dog tooth with outer dog tooth matching, input unit includes first input piece and second input piece, and first input piece is transmission connection with output piece, and second input piece is transmission connection with planet carrier, and the dog tooth synchronizer structure of planetary sub -box includes. Compared with prior art, the dog tooth synchronizer structure of the utility model has simplified the overall structure of the synchronizer, improved the integration, and also reduced the manufacturing cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automotive transmission technology, specifically to a dog-tooth synchronizer structure and a planetary auxiliary gearbox. Background Technology

[0002] A gearbox is a gearbox that changes the transmission ratio and direction of motion. It is located between the clutch and the central drive. Its main functions are: to change the driving force and speed of the vehicle while keeping the engine speed and torque constant (shifting gears); to allow the vehicle to move backward (reversing direction); and to allow the engine to stop without shutting off (neutral).

[0003] Existing heavy-duty multi-speed gearboxes generally employ a main gearbox plus an NGW planetary auxiliary gearbox structure to achieve a multiplication of speed ratios. The planetary auxiliary gearbox has two gears: low and high, switched by a synchronizer. In high gear, the ring gear engages with the planet carrier, and the planetary auxiliary gearbox speed ratio is 1; in low gear, the ring gear is fixed, and power is output through the sun gear, planet gears, and planet carrier. Since the speed of the planet carrier is its revolution speed, a very large reduction ratio can be obtained.

[0004] Existing automotive transmission planetary auxiliary gearboxes, such as Chinese patent CN202111255082.0, disclose a synchronizer and a planetary auxiliary gearbox. It includes: a gear sleeve with a pre-synchronization groove arranged along its inner circumference; a synchronizing ring housed within the gear sleeve, the synchronizing ring having an annular groove arranged along its outer circumference, one end of the synchronizing ring for synchronization when engaging high gears and the other end for synchronization when engaging low gears; and an elastic retaining ring disposed within the annular groove, the elastic retaining ring being used to engage with the pre-synchronization groove when the synchronizing ring moves, thereby generating a pre-synchronization frictional torque. The applicant found that this type of synchronizer has a relatively complex structure, high cost, and low integration when using it. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a dog-tooth synchronizer structure and a planetary auxiliary box to solve the technical problems of complex synchronizer structures, high costs, and low integration in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, this utility model provides a dog-tooth synchronizer structure, comprising: an output unit, a planetary unit, and an input unit. The output unit includes an output component, a synchronization ring, and a snap-fit ​​component. The output component has a placement groove, the synchronization ring has an outer ring of dog teeth, and the synchronization ring also has a first snap-fit ​​groove and a second snap-fit ​​groove on its inner side. The snap-fit ​​component is disposed in the placement groove and snaps into the first snap-fit ​​groove or the second snap-fit ​​groove of the synchronization ring. The planetary unit includes a planet carrier, and one end of the planet carrier facing the synchronization ring forms an annular connecting portion, the connecting portion forming a ring of inner canine teeth that match the outer canine teeth; The input unit includes a first input component and a second input component, wherein the first input component is drivenly connected to the output component, and the second input component is drivenly connected to the planetary carrier. When the snap-fit ​​component engages with the first snap-fit ​​slot, the planetary carrier separates from the synchronizing ring; when the snap-fit ​​component engages with the second snap-fit ​​slot, the planetary carrier and the synchronizing ring are connected by the meshing of inner and outer canine teeth.

[0007] In some embodiments, one end of the output component forms a tapered socket, and the first input component is inserted into the socket and fixedly connected to the output component via a spline.

[0008] In some embodiments, the planetary unit includes a bearing, and the planet carrier is connected to the spline via the bearing so that the planet carrier is rotatable relative to the first input.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first input component is a shaft-like structure, and the second input component is sleeved on the first input component and can rotate relative to the first input component; both the first input component and the second input component are arranged coaxially with the planetary carrier and the output component.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second input member has a sun gear; the planetary unit also includes a plurality of planetary gears and a ring gear, the planetary gears being rotatably mounted on the planetary carrier in the circumferential direction, the second input member being simultaneously meshed with each of the planetary gears via the sun gear, and each of the planetary gears being meshed with the ring gear.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first and second snap-fit ​​slots are arranged along the axis of the synchronizing ring, with the first snap-fit ​​slot being closer to the planetary carrier than the second snap-fit ​​slot.

[0012] In some embodiments, a plurality of placement slots are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the output component, and each placement slot is provided with a snap-fit ​​component; the synchronization ring also has a first snap-fit ​​slot and a second snap-fit ​​slot formed on its inner side.

[0013] In some embodiments, meshing gear teeth are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the output member and the inner surface of the synchronization ring.

[0014] In some embodiments, the snap-fit ​​element includes a spring and a support post, the spring connecting the bottom of the placement slot and the support post, and the end of the support post away from the spring extending out of the placement slot and snapping into the first snap-fit ​​slot or the second snap-fit ​​slot.

[0015] Secondly, this utility model also provides a planetary auxiliary box, including the aforementioned dog tooth synchronizer structure.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the planetary auxiliary gearbox provided by this utility model adopts a dog-tooth synchronizer structure. Matching dog teeth are set on the planet carrier and synchronizer ring, utilizing the planet carrier and synchronizer ring to achieve a transmission output that reduces speed and increases torque. Combined with direct-drive output, and through the snap-fit ​​engagement of different slots, the connection state between the planet carrier and synchronizer ring can be flexibly controlled, thereby achieving different transmission modes. This design not only simplifies the overall structure of the synchronizer and improves integration, but also reduces manufacturing costs. Furthermore, due to the high reliability and stability of the dog-tooth synchronizer structure, it can effectively improve the overall performance and service life of the planetary auxiliary gearbox. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the dog tooth synchronizer structure snapping into the first snap-fit ​​groove provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the first snap-fit ​​groove of the dog tooth synchronizer structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the output component; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the intermediate synchronization loop; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Exploded view of the connector between the Chinese and Western countries; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the planetary carrier structure.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Output unit, 11-Output component, 111-Placement slot, 12-Synchronization ring, 121-External dog tooth, 122-First locking slot, 123-Second locking slot, 13-Locking component, 131-Spring, 132-Support column; 2-Planetary unit, 21-Planet carrier, 211-Internal dog tooth, 22-Bearing, 23-Planetary gear, 24-Gear ring; 3-Input unit, 31-First input component, 32-Second input component, 33-Spline. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0020] Those skilled in the art will understand that, in this specification, the term "comprising" is an open-ended expression, meaning that the stated feature is present but other features are excluded. Directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" refer to exemplary directions based on the accompanying drawings. Features specified as "first" or "second" implicitly include one or more of that feature. Singular expressions can also be used in plural forms. "Multiple" means two or more. The terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, and it can be a connection within two components. Furthermore, "linked" can include wireless connections.

[0021] To address the technical problems of existing synchronizers being complex in structure, high in cost, and low in integration, this invention provides a dog-tooth synchronizer structure and a planetary auxiliary box, which can improve the integration of the structure and reduce costs.

[0022] Please see Figures 1 to 6 , Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the dog tooth synchronizer structure snapping into the first snap-fit ​​groove provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the first snap-fit ​​groove of the dog tooth synchronizer structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the output component; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the intermediate synchronization loop; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Exploded view of the connector between the Chinese and Western countries; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the planetary carrier structure. This dog-tooth synchronizer structure includes output unit 1, planetary unit 2, and input unit 3.

[0023] The output unit 1 includes an output component 11, a synchronization ring 12, and a snap-fit ​​component 13. The output component 11 has a placement groove 111, and the synchronization ring 12 has an outer ring of dog teeth 121. The synchronization ring 121 also has a first snap-fit ​​groove 122 and a second snap-fit ​​groove 123 formed on its inner side. The snap-fit ​​component 13 is disposed in the placement groove 111 and snaps into the first snap-fit ​​groove 122 or the second snap-fit ​​groove 123 of the synchronization ring 12.

[0024] The planetary unit 2 includes a planet carrier 21, with an annular connecting portion formed at one end of the planet carrier 21 facing the synchronization ring 12, and the connecting portion having a ring of inner canine teeth 211 that match the outer canine teeth 121.

[0025] The input unit 3 includes a first input component 31 and a second input component 32. The first input component 31 is connected to the output component 11 in a driving manner, and the second input component 32 is connected to the planetary carrier 21 in a driving manner.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, when the snap-fit ​​component 13 snaps into the first snap-fit ​​slot 122, the planetary carrier 21 separates from the synchronizing ring 12. The first input component 31 is directly connected to the output component 11 for transmission. Figure 2 As shown, when the snap-fit ​​component 13 snaps into the second snap-fit ​​slot 123, the planetary carrier 21 and the synchronizing ring 12 are connected by the meshing of the inner dog tooth 211 and the outer dog tooth 121. The second input component 32 is connected to the output component for transmission through the planetary carrier 21 and the synchronizing ring 12.

[0027] By engaging the snap-fit ​​component 13 with different snap-fit ​​slots, the connection state between the planetary carrier 21 and the synchronizing ring 12 can be flexibly controlled, thereby achieving different transmission modes. This design not only simplifies the overall structure of the synchronizer and improves its integration, but also reduces manufacturing costs. Furthermore, due to the high reliability and stability of the dog-tooth synchronizer structure, it effectively enhances the overall performance and service life of the planetary auxiliary gearbox.

[0028] In some embodiments, one end of the output member 11 forms a tapered socket, and the first input member 31 is inserted into the socket and fixedly connected to the output member 11 via a spline 33 to achieve direct drive.

[0029] In some embodiments, a plurality of placement slots 111 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the output member 11, and a snap-fit ​​member 13 is provided in each placement slot 111. In this embodiment, four placement slots 111 and snap-fit ​​members 13 are provided. The synchronization ring 12 also has a first snap-fit ​​groove 122 and a second snap-fit ​​groove 123 formed on its inner side.

[0030] Based on the above embodiment, meshing gear teeth are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the output component 11 and the inner surface of the synchronization ring 12 for transmission. This avoids overloading the locking component 13 due to relying solely on it for transmission.

[0031] Based on the above embodiment, the first locking slot 122 and the second locking slot 123 are arranged along the axis of the synchronizing ring 12, and the first locking slot 122 is closer to the planetary carrier 21 than the second locking slot 123.

[0032] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 yes Figure 1 An exploded view of the locking element 13. In some embodiments, the locking element 13 includes a spring 131 and a support post 132. The spring 131 connects the bottom of the placement groove 111 and the support post 132. One end of the support post 132, away from the spring 131, can extend out of the placement groove 111 and engage with a first locking groove 122 or a second locking groove 123. The shape of the protruding end of the support post 132 should match the locking groove, preferably a spherical shape, so as to facilitate removal from the locking groove when the synchronizing ring 12 is moved.

[0033] In some embodiments, the planetary unit 2 includes a bearing 22, and the planet carrier 21 is connected to the spline 33 via the bearing 22 so that the planet carrier 21 can rotate relative to the first input member 31.

[0034] In some embodiments, the first input component 31 is a shaft-like structure, and the second input component 32 is sleeved on the first input component 31 and can rotate relative to the first input component 31. Both the first input component 31 and the second input component 32 are arranged coaxially with the planetary carrier 21 and the output component 11.

[0035] Based on the above embodiment, the second input component 32 has a sun gear. The planetary unit 2 also includes several planetary gears 23 and a ring gear 24. The planetary gears 23 are rotatably mounted on the planetary carrier 21 along its circumference. The second input component 32 is simultaneously meshed with each planetary gear 23 via the sun gear, and each planetary gear 23 is also meshed with the outer ring gear 24. The ring gear 24 is fixed to the outer shell of the planetary auxiliary housing. When the second input component 32 rotates, the planetary carrier 21 can be driven to rotate through the transmission of the planetary gears 23 and the ring gear 24.

[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment, the shaft of the planetary gear 23 is press-fitted onto the planet carrier 21 with an interference fit, and a needle roller bearing is installed between the planetary gear 23 and the shaft to ensure that the planetary gear 23 can rotate around the planetary gear shaft.

[0037] When the locking member 13 of this dog-tooth synchronizer engages with the first locking slot 122, the first input member 31 is directly connected to the output member 11 for transmission, achieving a direct output with a 1:1 speed ratio. When the locking member 13 engages with the second locking slot 123, the second input member 32 is connected to the output member for transmission via the planetary carrier 21 and the synchronizing ring 12. If the number of teeth on the sun gear of the second input member 32 is Z1 and the number of teeth on the ring gear 24 is Z2, then a speed reduction and torque increase output with a 1:Z2 / Z1 speed ratio is achieved.

[0038] In practical implementation, when low-speed, high-torque output is required, the operator can engage the locking piece 13 with the second locking slot 123. At this time, the planetary carrier 21 and the synchronizer ring 12 are connected by the meshing of the inner dog tooth 211 and the outer dog tooth 121. The power from the second input piece 32 is transmitted to the planetary gear 23 through the sun gear. The planetary gear 23 then drives the planetary carrier 21 to rotate. The planetary carrier 21 transmits power to the synchronizer ring 12 through the meshing of the inner dog tooth 211 and the outer dog tooth 121. The synchronizer ring 12 then outputs power through the output piece 11. Due to the speed reduction and torque amplification effect of the planetary gears, the final output torque of the output piece 11 is relatively large, while the speed is relatively low, making it suitable for conditions such as vehicle climbing and heavy-load starting.

[0039] When high-speed, low-torque output is required, the operator can engage the snap-fit ​​13 with the first snap-fit ​​slot 122. At this time, the planetary carrier 21 is separated from the synchronizing ring 12, and the first input component 31 directly transmits power to the output component 11. The power is not reduced or increased by the planetary gears, but is directly output at a higher speed. The output torque is relatively small and is suitable for conditions such as high-speed driving of vehicles on flat roads.

[0040] Moreover, this dog-tooth synchronizer design reduces the number of components compared to traditional synchronizer structures, resulting in a more compact overall structure and improved integration. Simultaneously, the reduced number of components lowers manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the dog-tooth synchronizer structure utilizes a dog-tooth meshing method, offering high connection reliability and stability, reducing the likelihood of failure during long-term use. This effectively improves the overall performance and lifespan of the planetary auxiliary gearbox, reduces the frequency of maintenance and replacement, and further lowers operating costs.

[0041] This invention also provides a planetary auxiliary gearbox including the aforementioned dog-tooth synchronizer structure. The high reliability and stability of the dog-tooth synchronizer structure effectively improves the overall performance and service life of the planetary auxiliary gearbox.

[0042] In practical applications, this planetary auxiliary gearbox can be widely used in various mechanical equipment requiring variable speed transmission, such as automobiles and construction machinery. Its dog-tooth synchronizer structure allows for flexible switching of transmission modes according to different working requirements, meeting the operational requirements of the equipment under various working conditions. Furthermore, due to its compact structure and high integration, this planetary auxiliary gearbox can achieve efficient variable speed transmission within a limited space, providing strong support for the miniaturization and lightweight design of equipment. At the same time, its lower manufacturing and operating costs also give this planetary auxiliary gearbox a higher cost-performance ratio and market competitiveness.

[0043] The specific embodiments of this utility model described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A dog-tooth synchronizer structure, characterized in that, include: An output unit includes an output component, a synchronization ring, and a snap-fit ​​component. The output component has a placement groove, the synchronization ring has an outer ring of dog teeth, and the synchronization ring also has a first snap-fit ​​groove and a second snap-fit ​​groove on its inner side. The snap-fit ​​component is disposed in the placement groove and snaps into the first snap-fit ​​groove or the second snap-fit ​​groove of the synchronization ring. A planetary unit includes a planet carrier, one end of which faces the synchronization ring and forms an annular connecting portion, the connecting portion having a ring of inner canines that match the outer canines; The input unit includes a first input component and a second input component, wherein the first input component is drivenly connected to the output component, and the second input component is drivenly connected to the planetary carrier; When the snap-fit ​​component engages with the first snap-fit ​​slot, the planetary carrier separates from the synchronizing ring; when the snap-fit ​​component engages with the second snap-fit ​​slot, the planetary carrier and the synchronizing ring are connected by the meshing of inner and outer canine teeth.

2. The dog-tooth synchronizer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the output component forms a tapered socket, and the first input component is inserted into the socket and fixedly connected to the output component via a spline.

3. The dog-tooth synchronizer structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The planetary unit includes bearings, and the planet carrier is connected to the spline via the bearings so that the planet carrier can rotate relative to the first input member.

4. The dog-tooth synchronizer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first input component is a shaft-shaped structure, and the second input component is sleeved on the first input component and can rotate relative to the first input component; both the first input component and the second input component are arranged coaxially with the planetary carrier and the output component.

5. The dog-tooth synchronizer structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second input component has a sun gear; the planetary unit also has several planetary gears and a ring gear, the planetary gears being rotatably mounted on the planetary carrier, the second input component being simultaneously meshed with each of the planetary gears via the sun gear, and each of the planetary gears being meshed with the ring gear.

6. The dog-tooth synchronizer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second locking slots are arranged along the axis of the synchronization ring, with the first locking slot being closer to the planetary carrier than the second locking slot.

7. The dog-tooth synchronizer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple placement slots are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the output component, and a snap-fit ​​component is provided in each placement slot; the synchronization ring also has a first snap-fit ​​slot and a second snap-fit ​​slot formed on its inner side.

8. The dog-tooth synchronizer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer peripheral surface of the output component and the inner surface of the synchronization ring are both formed with meshing gear teeth.

9. The dog-tooth synchronizer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​component includes a spring and a support post. The spring connects the bottom of the placement slot and the support post. The end of the support post away from the spring can extend out of the placement slot and snap-fit ​​with the first snap-fit ​​slot or the second snap-fit ​​slot.

10. A planetary auxiliary box, characterized in that, It includes the dog-tooth synchronizer structure as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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