Water hammer buffering and energy dissipating device with multi-stage energy absorbing cavities

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of water hammer buffering energy-absorbing device structure with multistage energy-absorbing cavity, belong to fluid control equipment technical field, including buffer shell, primary energy-absorbing cavity, secondary energy-absorbing cavity, tertiary energy-absorbing cavity, main piston, secondary piston, tertiary piston and water inlet pipeline, primary energy-absorbing cavity, secondary energy-absorbing cavity and tertiary energy-absorbing cavity are sequentially distributed along buffer shell axis direction, main piston is arranged in primary energy-absorbing cavity, secondary piston is arranged in secondary energy-absorbing cavity, tertiary piston is arranged in tertiary energy-absorbing cavity, the volume of primary energy-absorbing cavity, secondary energy-absorbing cavity and tertiary energy-absorbing cavity gradually decreases.The utility model is sequentially distributed and the volume gradually decreases primary energy-absorbing cavity, secondary energy-absorbing cavity and tertiary energy-absorbing cavity, cooperate respectively arranged in each cavity main piston, secondary piston, tertiary piston, form stepped energy-absorbing structure, can carry out classification unloading and accommodation to water hammer energy, compared with single-stage structure buffering is more thorough, applicable to higher intensity water hammer impact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fluid control equipment technology, and more specifically, to a water hammer buffer energy dissipation device structure with multi-stage energy absorption chambers. Background Technology

[0002] In fluid transport pipeline systems, water hammer is a common and extremely dangerous hydraulic transient phenomenon. When the fluid velocity in a pipeline changes drastically due to rapid valve opening and closing, sudden pump start-up and shutdown, or other reasons, a shock wave causing a sudden increase or decrease in pressure is generated—this is water hammer. The instantaneous high pressure generated by water hammer can reach several times or even tens of times the normal operating pressure, easily leading to serious problems such as pipeline rupture, valve damage, and pump vibration. This not only affects the normal operation of the system but can also cause safety accidents and economic losses.

[0003] Existing water hammer buffering and energy dissipation devices mainly include airbag type, piston type, and surge tank type. Airbag type buffers absorb water hammer energy through the elastic deformation of the airbag, but the airbag is prone to aging and rupture under long-term pressure, resulting in a short service life and limited buffering capacity. Piston type buffers utilize piston compression of gas or liquid for buffering, but the traditional single-stage piston structure is ineffective against high-intensity water hammer, resulting in incomplete energy absorption. Surge tanks are bulky and costly to construct, making them suitable only for large-scale water conservancy projects and difficult to popularize in small and medium-sized pipeline systems. Therefore, developing a water hammer buffering and energy dissipation device with a simple structure, good buffering effect, and long service life is of significant practical importance. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water hammer buffer energy dissipation device structure with multi-stage energy absorption chambers, which solves the defects of poor buffering effect and incomplete energy absorption of traditional single-stage piston structure through a simple structure.

[0005] The embodiments of this utility model are achieved through the following technical solution: a water hammer buffer energy dissipation device structure with multi-stage energy absorption chambers, including a buffer shell, a primary energy absorption chamber, a secondary energy absorption chamber, a tertiary energy absorption chamber, a main piston, a secondary piston, a tertiary piston, and a water inlet pipe. The water inlet pipe passes through the buffer shell and communicates with the primary energy absorption chamber. The buffer shell is a cylindrical hollow structure. The primary, secondary, and tertiary energy absorption chambers are distributed sequentially along the axial direction of the buffer shell and separated by partitions. The main piston is disposed in the primary energy absorption chamber, the secondary piston is disposed in the secondary energy absorption chamber, and the tertiary piston is disposed in the tertiary energy absorption chamber. The volumes of the primary, secondary, and tertiary energy absorption chambers gradually decrease.

[0006] Furthermore, the inner wall of the primary energy absorption cavity is provided with an annular buffer boss, and the surface of the annular buffer boss adopts a rounded transition design.

[0007] Furthermore, the volume of the secondary energy-absorbing cavity is half the volume of the primary energy-absorbing cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, the volume of the third-stage energy-absorbing cavity is 1 / 3 of the volume of the first-stage energy-absorbing cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the secondary energy-absorbing cavity is filled with an elastic energy-absorbing material layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the elastic energy-absorbing material layer is made of polyurethane foam.

[0011] Furthermore, an energy-absorbing spring is provided inside the three-stage energy-absorbing chamber. One end of the energy-absorbing spring is connected to the three-stage piston, and the other end of the energy-absorbing spring is fixed to the end cap of the buffer housing.

[0012] Furthermore, the partition plate is provided with a flow hole, and the partition plate includes a primary partition plate and a secondary partition plate. The primary partition plate is disposed between the primary energy absorption chamber and the secondary energy absorption chamber, and the secondary partition plate is disposed between the secondary energy absorption chamber and the tertiary energy absorption chamber. The diameter of the flow hole of the primary partition plate is larger than the diameter of the flow hole of the secondary partition plate.

[0013] The technical solution of this utility model embodiment has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. This utility model sets up a first-stage energy absorption chamber, a second-stage energy absorption chamber, and a third-stage energy absorption chamber that are distributed sequentially along the axial direction of the buffer shell and whose volume gradually decreases. These are combined with the main piston, secondary piston, and third-stage piston respectively located in each chamber to form a stepped energy absorption structure. This structure can unload and absorb water hammer energy in stages, which is more thorough than the single-stage structure and is suitable for higher intensity water hammer impacts.

[0015] 2. This utility model uses an annular buffer boss to initially disperse the water hammer impact force, reduce the instantaneous pressure on the main piston, reduce the wear of the main piston, and extend the service life of the device.

[0016] 3. This utility model, through the flow holes with gradually changing diameters on the primary and secondary baffles, combined with the volume gradient of each cavity, can control the speed and flow rate of the medium entering each stage of the cavity, ensuring a smooth and orderly energy absorption process and further improving buffer stability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle.

[0020] Icons: 1. Buffer housing; 11. Water inlet pipe; 12. Guide rod; 2. Primary energy absorption chamber; 21. Annular buffer boss; 22. Mounting hole; 23. Pressure sensor; 24. Main piston; 241. Guide groove; 25. Guide slide rail; 26. Guide hole; 27. Primary baffle; 3. Secondary energy absorption chamber; 31. Elastic energy absorption material layer; 32. Secondary piston; 33. Secondary baffle; 4. Tertiary energy absorption chamber; 41. Tertiary piston; 411. Connecting seat; 42. Energy absorption spring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example

[0024] The following description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, provides further details. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this utility model is a water hammer buffer energy dissipation device structure with multi-stage energy absorption chambers, including a buffer shell 1. The middle left side of the buffer shell 1 is welded to the water inlet pipe 11, and high-pressure water flows into the device through the water inlet pipe 11. A flange is provided at the end of the pipe, and a sealing groove is opened on the flange face. A sealing gasket is placed in the sealing groove and fastened to the flange of the external pipeline system by bolts to ensure stable water flow. The buffer shell 1 is a cylindrical hollow structure welded from steel plates. Inside the buffer shell 1, along the axial direction, are sequentially formed a primary energy-absorbing chamber 2, a secondary energy-absorbing chamber 3, and a tertiary energy-absorbing chamber 4. All three chambers are cylindrical and separated by circular primary partitions 27 and 33, respectively. The edges of both partitions are welded and fixed to the inner wall of the shell, ensuring independent sealing of each chamber. The three energy-absorbing chambers employ a volume gradient design: primary chamber 2 has the largest volume, followed by secondary chamber 3, and then tertiary chamber 4 has the smallest volume. Specifically, the volume of secondary chamber 3 is half that of primary chamber 2, and the volume of tertiary chamber 4 is one-third that of primary chamber 2. This variation in the size of the three energy-absorbing chambers is adapted to the water hammer energy attenuation process, achieving a graded buffering effect. A guide rod 12 is also fixedly installed at the center of the buffer housing 1. The guide rod 12 passes through the primary energy absorption chamber 2, the secondary energy absorption chamber 3 and the tertiary energy absorption chamber 4 in sequence.

[0025] The inner wall of the primary energy absorption chamber 2 is provided with an annular buffer boss 21, which is integrally formed with the outer shell and has a rounded transition surface. After the water flows into the primary energy absorption chamber 2, it first contacts the annular buffer boss 21 on the inner wall of the chamber, which initially disperses the impact force of the water flow. The bottom of the primary energy absorption chamber 2 is provided with a mounting hole 22, in which a pressure sensor 23 is installed. The detection end of the pressure sensor 23 extends into the primary energy absorption chamber 2 to monitor pressure changes in real time. A circular plate-shaped main piston 24 slides inside the primary energy absorption chamber 2. The diameter of the main piston 24 matches the inner diameter of the cylindrical chamber, and three annular sealing grooves are opened on its surface, in which nitrile rubber Y-type sealing components are installed. A guide groove 241 is opened on the outer edge of the main piston 24, which is embedded and cooperates with the guide rail 25 at the corresponding position on the inner wall of the outer shell. Meanwhile, a guide hole 26 is provided in the center of the main piston 24, and the guide rod 12 passes through the guide hole 26. The clearance between the guide rod 12 and the piston is 0.05-0.1mm, which ensures that the main piston 24 moves smoothly along the guide rod 12 towards the secondary energy absorption chamber 3 under the impact of water flow.

[0026] As the main piston 24 moves, the medium in the primary energy-absorbing chamber 2 enters the secondary energy-absorbing chamber 3 through the flow hole in the center of the primary partition 27. Since the volume of the secondary energy-absorbing chamber 3 is smaller than that of the primary energy-absorbing chamber 2, the smaller space volume creates a certain back pressure within the chamber. The secondary energy-absorbing chamber 3 is filled with an elastic energy-absorbing material layer 31 made of polyurethane foam. The elastic energy-absorbing material layer 31 is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the secondary energy-absorbing chamber 3. The pressure per unit area when the water flow compresses the energy-absorbing material increases, resulting in a higher degree of elastic deformation and thus more fully absorbing water hammer energy. The secondary piston 32 in the secondary energy-absorbing chamber 3 is a circular plate. The diameter of the secondary piston 32 matches the inner diameter of the secondary energy-absorbing chamber 3. Two annular sealing grooves are opened on the surface of the secondary piston 32 and a sealing component is installed. The central guide hole 26 of the secondary piston 32 also slides with the guide rod 12. The water flow pressure pushes the secondary piston 32 towards the tertiary energy-absorbing chamber 4. The movement of the secondary piston 32 further compresses the space of the secondary energy-absorbing chamber 3, enhancing the energy absorption efficiency of the energy-absorbing material.

[0027] The medium in the secondary energy-absorbing chamber 3 enters the tertiary energy-absorbing chamber 4 through the flow hole in the center of the secondary baffle 33, where the diameter of the flow hole in the secondary baffle 33 is smaller than the diameter of the flow hole in the primary baffle 27. The tertiary energy-absorbing chamber 4 has the smallest volume, and a tertiary piston 41 is slidably disposed within it. The guide hole 26 in the center of the tertiary piston 41 cooperates with the guide rod 12. Setting the tertiary energy-absorbing chamber 4 to its minimum volume concentrates the water pressure to the tertiary piston 41. A connecting seat 411 is provided on the end face of the tertiary piston 41, and an energy-absorbing spring 42 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 411. The other end of the energy-absorbing spring 42 is fixedly connected to the end of the tertiary energy-absorbing chamber 4. The tertiary piston 41 compresses the spring, improving the compression efficiency of the spring by the tertiary piston 41. In its natural state, the energy-absorbing spring 42 maintains a preset distance between the third-stage piston 41 and the second-stage partition 33. When the water flow pushes the piston to compress the energy-absorbing spring 42, the smaller chamber space in the third-stage energy-absorbing chamber 4 shortens the stroke of the third-stage piston 41, allowing the energy-absorbing spring 42 to quickly enter the effective energy storage range and absorb the remaining water hammer energy in time, avoiding secondary impacts caused by residual energy. When the water hammer pressure decreases, the spring returns to its original position, pushing each stage piston to move in the opposite direction.

[0028] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: When water hammer occurs, high-pressure water flows through the inlet pipe 11 into the primary energy-absorbing chamber 2, pushing the main piston 24 to move and compress the medium to initially dissipate energy. The medium in the primary energy-absorbing chamber 2 enters the secondary energy-absorbing chamber 3, compressing the elastic energy-absorbing material to deeply absorb energy and pushing the secondary piston 32. Finally, the compressed medium flows into the tertiary energy-absorbing chamber 4, pushing the tertiary piston 41 to compress the spring and dissipate residual energy. After the water hammer pressure decreases, the energy-absorbing spring 42 resets, pushing each stage piston to move in the opposite direction, and the device returns to its initial state to await the next buffering.

[0029] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A water hammer buffer and energy dissipation device structure with multi-stage energy absorption chambers, characterized in that: The device includes a buffer housing (1), a primary energy-absorbing chamber (2), a secondary energy-absorbing chamber (3), a tertiary energy-absorbing chamber (4), a main piston (24), a secondary piston (32), a tertiary piston (41), and a water inlet pipe (11). The buffer housing (1) is a cylindrical hollow structure. The water inlet pipe (11) passes through the buffer housing (1) and communicates with the primary energy-absorbing chamber (2). The primary energy-absorbing chamber (2), the secondary energy-absorbing chamber (3), and the tertiary energy-absorbing chamber (4) are distributed sequentially along the axial direction of the buffer housing (1) and separated by a partition. The main piston (24) is located in the primary energy-absorbing chamber (2), the secondary piston (32) is located in the secondary energy-absorbing chamber (3), and the tertiary piston (41) is located in the tertiary energy-absorbing chamber (4). The volumes of the primary energy-absorbing chamber (2), the secondary energy-absorbing chamber (3), and the tertiary energy-absorbing chamber (4) gradually decrease.

2. The structure of a water hammer buffer energy dissipation device with multi-stage energy absorption chambers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the primary energy absorption cavity (2) is provided with an annular buffer boss (21), and the surface of the annular buffer boss (21) adopts a rounded transition design.

3. The structure of a water hammer buffer and energy dissipation device with multi-stage energy absorption chambers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the secondary energy-absorbing cavity (3) is half the volume of the primary energy-absorbing cavity (2).

4. The structure of a water hammer buffer energy dissipation device with multi-stage energy absorption chambers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the third-stage energy-absorbing cavity (4) is 1 / 3 of the volume of the first-stage energy-absorbing cavity (2).

5. The structure of a water hammer buffer and energy dissipation device with multi-stage energy absorption chambers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary energy-absorbing cavity (3) is filled with an elastic energy-absorbing material layer (31).

6. The structure of a water hammer buffer energy dissipation device with multi-stage energy absorption chambers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic energy-absorbing material layer (31) is made of polyurethane foam.

7. The structure of a water hammer buffer energy dissipation device with multi-stage energy absorption chambers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-stage energy absorption chamber (4) is equipped with an energy absorption spring (42). One end of the energy absorption spring (42) is connected to the three-stage piston (41), and the other end of the energy absorption spring (42) is fixed to the end cap of the buffer housing (1).

8. The structure of a water hammer buffer energy dissipation device with multi-stage energy absorption chambers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition is provided with a flow hole. The partition includes a primary partition (27) and a secondary partition (33). The primary partition (27) is disposed between the primary energy absorption chamber (2) and the secondary energy absorption chamber (3). The secondary partition (33) is disposed between the secondary energy absorption chamber (3) and the tertiary energy absorption chamber (4). The diameter of the flow hole of the primary partition (27) is larger than the diameter of the flow hole of the secondary partition (33).

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