Flue gas flow guiding and distributing device based on coupling of arc-shaped flow guide plate and multi-hole flow distributor
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522349714.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-05
AI Technical Summary
当前行业实践中，流场分布不均引发的技术挑战主要体现在以下方面：第一，在污染物脱除效率方面，局部烟速过高(＞15m/s)会导致脱硫塔内喷淋液雾与烟气的接触时间缩短、接触面积减少，喷淋覆盖率可能下降40％以上，直接造成脱硫效率出现±10％的波动(设计值要求≥98％)
[0011]本实用新型通过设置双锥形导流筒，烟气从烟道口进入，大部分气体进入双锥形导流筒内，并利用第一多孔均流板和第二多孔均流板进行均匀分散。另外，在双锥形导流筒上套设开口朝后的锥形均流环，少部分气体从锥形均流环上的导流孔通过。如此一来，便能保证烟道口进入的烟气均匀分散。综上所述，本实用新型具有结构简单、导流均匀可靠等优点，在工业烟气净化设备技术领域具有很高的实用价值和推广价值。
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Figure CN224815432U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of industrial flue gas purification equipment, and in particular to a flue gas guiding and uniform distribution device based on the coupling of an arc-shaped guide plate and a porous flow equalization plate. Background Technology
[0002] This technology primarily targets the inlet flow field control of large-scale industrial flue gas treatment systems, such as those in coal-fired power plants, steel sintering plants, and cement kilns. In industrial flue gas treatment systems, the uniformity of the inlet flow field of core equipment like desulfurization towers, dust collectors, and SCR reactors is a key factor determining system efficiency, impacting pollutant removal efficiency, equipment lifespan, and energy costs. Current industry practices highlight the following technical challenges caused by uneven flow field distribution: First, regarding pollutant removal efficiency, excessively high local flue gas velocities (>15 m / s) shorten the contact time and reduce the contact area between the spray mist and flue gas within the desulfurization tower, potentially decreasing the spray coverage by over 40%, directly causing fluctuations in desulfurization efficiency of ±10% (design value requires ≥98%). Second, for SCR reactors, uneven flow field distribution leads to an imbalance in flue gas distribution on the catalyst surface. In some areas, excessively high flow velocities accelerate catalyst deactivation, while in others, excessively low flow velocities increase ammonia escape rates, ultimately affecting the stability of denitrification efficiency. Third, regarding equipment wear, the windward surface of the deflector is subjected to long-term erosion by high-speed flue gas and entrained dust, with a wear rate often exceeding 2 mm / year, far exceeding the industry standard limit. Fourth, regarding system energy consumption, some flow equalization devices (such as gratings) experience additional pressure drops exceeding 300 Pa due to their structural characteristics, leading to an 8%–12% increase in induced draft fan power consumption.
[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a flue gas flow distribution device based on the coupling of an arc-shaped flow guide plate and a porous flow equalization plate, which has a simple structure and provides uniform and reliable flow guidance. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a flue gas guiding and distribution device based on the coupling of an arc-shaped guide plate and a porous flow equalization plate. The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:
[0005] A flue gas flow distribution device based on the coupling of an arc-shaped guide plate and a porous flow equalization plate includes a double-cone guide cylinder, a conical flow equalization ring sleeved on the double-cone guide cylinder, a first porous flow equalization plate embedded in the double-cone guide cylinder, a second porous flow equalization plate disposed at the front end of the double-cone guide cylinder, and a mounting bracket fixed on the double-cone guide cylinder and the conical flow equalization ring; the conical flow equalization ring, the first porous flow equalization plate, and the second porous flow equalization plate are each provided with several evenly distributed guide holes; the front diameter of the conical flow equalization ring is smaller than the rear diameter; the conical flow equalization ring is disposed at the neck position of the double-cone guide cylinder.
[0006] Furthermore, the first porous flow equalization plate is placed in the center of the double-cone flow guide tube.
[0007] Furthermore, the mounting frame includes two long supporting beams connected to the double-conical guide tube and the conical flow equalization ring, a short supporting beam respectively disposed between the ends of the two long supporting beams, a column connected at one end to the short supporting beam, and a parallel block disposed on the column; the long supporting beams and the short supporting beams together form a quadrilateral shape.
[0008] Furthermore, the radius of curvature of the double-conical guide tube is R = (0.5~0.8)D; where D represents the hydraulic diameter of the flue.
[0009] Furthermore, the opening ratio of the first porous flow equalization plate 7 and the second porous flow equalization plate 8 is 40% to 60%.
[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0011] This invention utilizes a double-cone flow guide tube. Flue gas enters from the flue inlet, with most of the gas entering the double-cone flow guide tube and being evenly dispersed using a first and second porous flow equalization plate. Furthermore, a rear-facing conical flow equalization ring is fitted onto the double-cone flow guide tube, allowing a small portion of the gas to pass through guide holes on the conical flow equalization ring. This ensures uniform dispersion of the flue gas entering from the flue inlet. In summary, this invention has advantages such as simple structure and reliable, uniform flow guidance, and possesses high practical and promotional value in the field of industrial flue gas purification equipment technology. Attached Figure Description
[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope of protection. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0013] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention from a first angle.
[0014] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention from a second angle.
[0015] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention from a third angle.
[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flow equalization of this utility model.
[0017] In the above figures, the component names corresponding to the reference numerals are as follows:
[0018] 1. Double-cone flow guide tube; 2. Supporting long crossbeam; 3. Supporting short crossbeam; 4. Column; 5. Parallel block; 6. Conical flow equalization ring; 7. First porous flow equalization plate; 8. Second porous flow equalization plate. Detailed Implementation
[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments of this utility model include, but are not limited to, the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0020] Example
[0021] In this embodiment, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.
[0022] The terms "first" and "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this embodiment are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order of objects. For example, "first target object" and "second target object," etc., are used to distinguish different target objects, not to describe a specific order of target objects.
[0023] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.
[0024] In the description of the embodiments in this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. For example, multiple processing units means two or more processing units; multiple systems means two or more systems.
[0025] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, this embodiment provides a flue gas guiding and distribution device based on the coupling of an arc-shaped guide plate and a porous flow equalizing plate. It includes a double-cone guide cylinder 1, a conical flow equalizing ring 6 fitted onto the double-cone guide cylinder 1, a first porous flow equalizing plate 7 embedded within the double-cone guide cylinder 1, a second porous flow equalizing plate 8 disposed at the front end of the double-cone guide cylinder 1, and a mounting bracket fixed to the double-cone guide cylinder 1 and the conical flow equalizing ring 6. Here, the opening of the conical flow equalizing ring 6 faces the rear end, i.e., the diameter of the rear end is larger than the diameter of the front end, and the front end of the conical flow equalizing ring 6 is fitted and fixed onto the double-cone guide cylinder 1. The conical flow equalizing ring 6 is located at the neck position of the double-cone guide cylinder 1, and several evenly distributed guide holes are formed on the conical flow equalizing ring 6, the first porous flow equalizing plate 7, and the second porous flow equalizing plate 8. Simultaneously, the first porous flow equalizing plate 7 is positioned at the center of the double-cone guide cylinder 1.
[0026] In this embodiment, the mounting frame includes two long supporting beams 2 connected to the double-conical guide tube 1 and the conical flow equalization ring 6, short supporting beams 3 respectively disposed between the ends of the two long supporting beams 2, a column 4 with one end connected to the short supporting beam 3, and a parallel block 5 disposed on the column 4. The long supporting beams 2 and the short supporting beams 3 together form a quadrilateral shape.
[0027] In this embodiment, most of the flue gas entering from the flue inlet is guided to the inner side of the double-cone guide tube 1, which effectively changes the gas flow direction and initiates the first stage of flow distribution. A small portion of the flue gas bypasses the double-cone guide tube 1 and enters the conical flow equalization ring 6, which utilizes "turbulent dissipation" to smooth the airflow and reduce irregular or uneven distribution. This effect is crucial for ensuring the gas transitions from a turbulent state to a more laminar and controllable state, thereby improving the dynamics of the downstream flow.
[0028] After entering the double-cone guide tube 1, the gas is subjected to centrifugal force. This mechanism helps the gas flow to turn smoothly, preventing direct contact between the gas and other equipment, and ensuring that the gas flows in the predetermined direction. The induced draft fan or blower in the system provides the power to extract the flue gas from the furnace and push it towards the chimney. The fan provides the flow of the flue gas but does not directly provide the "centrifugal force." The source of the centrifugal force is that when the flue gas with a certain velocity flows through the large-curvature arc-shaped guide plate, its flow path is forced (or guided) to change from one direction to another. According to Newton's first law (law of inertia), an object (in this case, a flue gas particle) has a tendency to maintain its original state of motion (i.e., linear motion). To change its direction of motion, the arc-shaped plate applies a centripetal force (a force pointing towards the center of the arc) to the flue gas. According to Newton's third law (action and reaction), the flue gas particle also exerts a reverse force on the guide plate, away from the center; this force is the inertial centrifugal force, usually simply called centrifugal force. After the above process, the gas enters the second porous flow equalization plate 8. At this stage, the gas is broken into multiple smaller streams, which are then mixed together. This small-scale mixing process helps eliminate any remaining inhomogeneities in the gas flow.
[0029] The following explains the operation of the double-cone guide tube 1 from a fluid mechanics perspective:
[0030] The core function of the double-cone guide tube 1 is to achieve macroscopic deflection of the flue gas and preliminary homogenization of its velocity distribution based on the centrifugal force effect. When the flue gas flows into the arc-shaped channel of the double-cone guide tube 1 with a radius of curvature of R = (0.5~0.8)D, the fluid micro-particles are subjected to strong centrifugal force, the size of which is directly proportional to the square of the flow velocity and inversely proportional to the radius of curvature (F_c∝V). 2 / R). This centrifugal force causes the fluid to produce the following response:
[0031] (1) Velocity redistribution: High-speed fluid particles are biased towards the outer side (convex surface) of the arc-shaped plate under the action of centrifugal force, while low-speed fluid particles tend to flow on the inner side (concave surface). At the same time, due to the existence of fluid viscosity, a strong momentum exchange occurs between the high-speed fluid on the outer side and the low-speed fluid on the inner side, so that when flowing out of the double-cone guide tube 1, the originally uneven velocity distribution is initially homogenized and attenuated on the cross-section.
[0032] (2) Flow field envelope control: The curvature radius design ensures that the "envelope angle" of the flue gas flow is precisely controlled, so that the mainstream direction is smoothly and gradually adjusted, effectively avoiding the vortex zone and high-speed erosion zone caused by sudden changes in flow direction, laying the foundation for further optimization of the downstream flow field with low turbulence and low energy consumption.
[0033] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first porous flow equalization plate 7 and the second porous flow equalization plate 8 are used to finely reconstruct the microscopic flow field based on turbulent dissipation and momentum decomposition: the first porous flow equalization plate 7 and the second porous flow equalization plate 8 are installed in parallel, so that the velocity vector (V) of the incoming flue gas is decomposed into a normal component (V_n) perpendicular to the plate surface and a tangential component (V_t) parallel to the plate surface. Only the normal component will produce a slight throttling effect through the holes, while most of the tangential momentum is retained, which fundamentally and significantly reduces the flow resistance.
[0034] When the flue gas passes through the first porous flow equalization plate 7 with an opening ratio of 40% to 60%, a series of high-speed jets are formed. After entering the downstream space, these jets immediately mix with the surrounding low-speed flue gas, generating a large number of scale-controllable vortices in the shear layer. These vortices dissipate kinetic energy into heat energy through viscosity (i.e., turbulent dissipation). This process can efficiently smooth out the remaining velocity gradient on the cross-section, thereby achieving the ultimate homogenization of the flow field.
[0035] Finally, the first porous flow equalization plate 7 and the second porous flow equalization plate 8 make it difficult for dust particles to deposit on the plate surface under the combined action of their own gravity and the tangential component of the airflow (V_t). Even if a small amount of dust is deposited, it will slide off in a specific direction under the "sweeping" effect of the tangential airflow, thereby achieving the self-cleaning function.
[0036] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any changes made based on the design principles of this utility model, or any non-creative changes made on this basis, shall fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A flue gas guiding and distribution device based on the coupling of an arc-shaped guide plate and a porous flow equalization plate, characterized in that, The device includes a double-cone guide tube (1), a conical flow equalization ring (6) fitted on the double-cone guide tube (1), a first porous flow equalization plate (7) embedded in the double-cone guide tube (1), a second porous flow equalization plate (8) set at the front end of the double-cone guide tube (1), and a mounting bracket fixed on the double-cone guide tube (1) and the conical flow equalization ring (6); the conical flow equalization ring (6), the first porous flow equalization plate (7), and the second porous flow equalization plate (8) are all provided with several evenly distributed flow equalization holes; the front end diameter of the conical flow equalization ring (6) is smaller than the rear end diameter; the conical flow equalization ring (6) is set at the neck position of the double-cone guide tube (1).
2. The flue gas guiding and distribution device based on the coupling of an arc-shaped guide plate and a porous flow equalizing plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first porous flow equalization plate (7) is placed in the center of the double conical flow guide tube (1).
3. The flue gas guiding and distribution device based on the coupling of an arc-shaped guide plate and a porous flow equalization plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting frame includes two long supporting beams (2) connected to the double conical guide tube (1) and the conical flow equalization ring (6), a short supporting beam (3) respectively set between the ends of the two long supporting beams (2), a column (4) with one end connected to the short supporting beam (3), and a parallel block (5) set on the column (4); the long supporting beams (2) and the short supporting beams (3) together form a quadrilateral shape.
4. The flue gas guiding and distributing device based on the coupling of an arc-shaped guide plate and a porous flow equalizing plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The radius of curvature of the double-conical guide tube (1) is R = (0.5~0.8)D; where D represents the hydraulic diameter of the flue.
5. The flue gas guiding and distributing device based on the coupling of an arc-shaped guide plate and a porous flow equalizing plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The opening ratio of the first porous flow equalization plate (7) and the second porous flow equalization plate (8) is 40% to 60%.