A multi-core detachable heat exchanger

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of multi-core detachable heat exchanger, belong to heat exchanger technical field, the multi-core detachable heat exchanger includes: first water chamber and second water chamber are oppositely arranged along the flow direction of cooling liquid;At least two independent heat exchange core, transverse and side-by-side clamped between two water chambers, the upper and lower end surface of each heat exchange core respectively with the end surface of corresponding water chamber's connecting flange is pasted;Annular sealing washer, be compressed between heat exchange core end surface and connecting flange, form the end surface sealing of repeatable dismounting;Fastener, pass through connecting flange and heat exchange core periphery, and water chamber, sealing washer, core are pressed tightly, form sealed cavity;First water chamber and second water chamber each fixedly set a water chamber connecting plate extending transversely, with water chamber sealing connection, plate face is provided with the through-hole matched with the shape of heat exchange core port, the utility model solves the problem that existing data center large-specification radiator is difficult to process, transport and needs to be replaced as a whole due to overall welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of heat exchanger technology, and more specifically, relates to a multi-core detachable heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] Modern internal combustion engine cooling systems generally employ a closed-loop liquid cooling system. Driven by a water pump, the coolant flows through the cylinder head and block, carrying away heat before entering the radiator to exchange heat with the outside air, thus maintaining the engine within its optimal temperature range. With the increasing power density of construction machinery, heavy trucks, ships, and emergency generator sets, the required heat transfer area for a single radiator continues to grow. Traditional integral welded core designs have had to expand the mold area and increase the number of plates, leading to uneven heat input distribution during welding, difficulty in controlling thermal deformation, and a decrease in the yield rate of finished products. Furthermore, the integral core's outline exceeds road transport limits, requiring segmented manufacturing followed by on-site welding, increasing the number of welds, extending the assembly cycle, and creating a potential for coolant leakage.

[0003] During operation, additive precipitation in the coolant, blockage by external dust, or vibration fatigue often cause localized obstruction or even internal leakage in the radiator core. The integral welded structure lacks the capability for partial replacement; once a fault is detected, the engine must be shut down, the coolant drained, and the entire radiator lifted from the engine compartment and transported to a repair area for cutting, welding, testing, and reassembly. During this repair period, the equipment is inoperable. For locations such as data centers and hospitals where power outages are not permitted, only backup units can be started, resulting in additional fuel consumption and carbon emissions. Therefore, the industry urgently needs a radiator solution that allows for complete factory shipment, transportation, and installation, and enables rapid removal of the entire module and offline replacement of damaged units after engine shutdown. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a multi-core detachable heat exchanger, which solves the problems of difficult processing, difficult transportation, and the need for complete replacement of large-scale heat sinks in existing data centers due to integral welding.

[0005] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] This utility model provides a multi-core detachable heat exchanger, comprising:

[0007] The first and second water chambers are arranged opposite each other along the coolant flow direction, and each of them is provided with an outwardly extending connecting flange at its end;

[0008] At least two independent heat exchange cores are horizontally sandwiched between two water chambers, with the upper and lower end faces of each heat exchange core respectively fitting with the connecting flange end face of the corresponding water chamber.

[0009] An annular sealing gasket is compressed between the end face of the heat exchange core and the connecting flange to form a removable end face seal.

[0010] Fasteners penetrate the connecting flange and the outer periphery of the heat exchange core, and press the water chamber, sealing gasket and core together to form a sealed cavity, so that the inner cavity of each heat exchange core and the water chamber together form a closed channel for the passage of coolant.

[0011] A horizontally extending water chamber connecting plate is fixed in each of the first and second water chambers. The water chamber connecting plate is sealed to the water chamber. A through hole matching the shape of the heat exchange core port is opened on the plate surface. Bolts are installed in the through hole to press the water chamber connecting plate, sealing gasket and core together to form a sealed cavity.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, the multi-core detachable heat exchanger of this utility model can be further improved as follows:

[0013] The water chamber connecting plate has a flat sealing surface facing the heat exchange core, and the sealing gasket is directly attached between the connecting flange and the end face of the heat exchange core, achieving radial self-centering by relying on the bolt preload.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: the flat sealing surface of the water chamber connecting plate is used to directly attach the sealing gasket, and the radial self-centering is completed by relying on the bolt pre-tightening force, which saves the cost and error accumulation of processing the countersunk platform. During on-site assembly, the gasket is automatically aligned, and a single person can complete the positioning and tightening, thereby improving the economy and process consistency of the detachable radiator.

[0015] "Self-centering" refers to the ability of the sealing gasket to automatically adjust its own center position during the process of being gradually tightened by the hexagonal bolts, so that its inner hole is coaxial with the heat exchange core port and the through hole of the water chamber connecting plate, thereby ensuring that the sealing surface is subjected to uniform force and avoiding leakage caused by eccentric compression.

[0016] Specifically: the sealing gasket is an annular flat gasket with a small gap between its inner and outer diameters and the core port and the through hole of the connecting plate; when the bolts are pre-tightened, the gasket undergoes a slight radial slip between the flange and the end face of the core, and with the help of the synchronous pressure evenly distributed around the bolts, the center of the gasket naturally tends towards the geometric center; the water chamber connecting plate is a flat sealing surface, which reduces positioning obstacles and allows the above slip to proceed smoothly; once the bolt torque reaches the design value, the gasket is fully compressed, the "self-centering" process ends, and the sealing surface forms a uniform and stable linear pressure, achieving a static seal on the end face that can be repeatedly disassembled and reassembled.

[0017] Furthermore, the sealing gasket is an annular flat gasket with multiple through holes on its flat surface. The end face of the heat exchange core is also flat, and the two are pressed together at the through holes by bolts to form a uniform surface seal.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: the use of annular flat gaskets with evenly distributed through holes allows the bolt clamping force to be evenly distributed across the entire sealing surface, avoiding local overpressure that could cause the gasket to age and deform. At the same time, the planar structure facilitates mass stamping and forming, reduces spare parts costs, and allows users to reuse the gasket multiple times within the engine maintenance cycle without failure.

[0019] Furthermore, each of the heat exchange cores is an independent modular frame with openings at both ends. Several heat exchange tubes or plates are stacked and fixed inside to form a cooling unit that can be extracted separately. The outer periphery of the frame is provided with through holes that mate with bolts.

[0020] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: each heat exchange core is designed as an independent modular frame with pre-fixed internal plates and openings at both ends to form coolant channels. The maintenance steps are simplified to loosening bolts and finally pulling it out horizontally. There is no need to disassemble the plates, which realizes true offline unit replacement and ensures rapid recovery of engine cooling capacity.

[0021] Furthermore, the fasteners are hexagonal bolts, nuts, and washers. The hexagonal bolts are evenly distributed around the circumference of the heat exchange core and pass through the corresponding connecting flanges, gaskets, and the outer edge plates of the heat exchange core frame. The nuts are tightened to form a detachable rigid connection between the components.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: using hexagonal bolts, nuts and washers and distributing them evenly along the circumference of the core, the wrench operating space is exposed on the side of the water chamber, and only conventional socket tools are needed on site to complete the disassembly and assembly, avoiding the limitation of the traditional long guide rod structure on the depth of the machine room. At the same time, standard parts are easy to purchase, reducing the types of spare parts inventory for users.

[0023] Furthermore, the width of the first water chamber and the second water chamber in the lateral direction is not less than the total width of all heat exchange cores arranged side by side, and there are gaps between the lateral sidewalls of each heat exchange core to allow for expansion space for the metal to expand when heated.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: the water chamber's lateral width covers the entire core and reserves an expansion gap. When the core size changes due to the engine's hot and cold cycles, the gap can freely absorb thermal expansion stress, preventing plate warping or sealing surface crushing, and ensuring that the radiator maintains reliable sealing and stable heat transfer under high load conditions.

[0025] Furthermore, the heat exchange cores are configured as single-layer or double-layer, and the number of heat exchange cores in each layer is two or more.

[0026] Furthermore, the multiple through holes of the sealing gasket are arranged at equal intervals, and the through holes of the frame are correspondingly set with the through holes of the sealing gasket.

[0027] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: by arranging the through holes at equal intervals, the gasket and the core are circumferentially positioned during the installation stage, preventing the gasket from slipping angularly during the bolt tightening process, ensuring that each through hole can be accurately aligned with the bolt, improving assembly efficiency and avoiding repeated hole alignment operations.

[0028] Furthermore, the end walls of the first and second water chambers facing away from the heat exchange core are closed structures, and the coolant inlet and outlet are directly opened on the side wall of the water chamber, and connected to the engine water pump and cylinder head outlet through hoses to form a closed cooling cycle.

[0029] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: the coolant inlet and outlet are moved to the side wall of the water chamber and directly connected to the hose to form a closed loop. There is no need to open the flange on the end wall, which reduces potential leakage points. At the same time, the side interface leaves space for the upper wiring in the engine compartment. During maintenance, the core can be removed as a whole by loosening the bolts without being interfered with by the top pipeline.

[0030] Furthermore, a gap of 3mm to 10mm is left between the transverse sidewalls of each pair of adjacent heat exchange cores.

[0031] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: Material thermal expansion calculation: Under the highest operating temperature of the engine coolant, the aluminum alloy core expands by approximately 0.2mm to 0.25mm per meter; a typical large core has a transverse width of 1000mm to 1500mm, with a single piece thermal expansion of 0.2mm to 0.4mm. A gap of 0.5mm to 1.5mm is left at each end to completely absorb the difference in thermal expansion, preventing the side walls from jamming together during operation, which could lead to warping of the sealing surface and radiator leakage.

[0032] Manufacturing tolerances and assembly errors: The total clearance of 3mm to 10mm simultaneously covers manufacturing deviations and differences in elastic compression after bolt pre-tightening;

[0033] Sealing safety margin: The gap is less than the compression rebound of the sealing gasket (0.2mm to 0.4mm for flat gaskets) to ensure that the core is still elastically constrained by the bolts after expansion.

[0034] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this multi-core detachable heat exchanger are as follows: This invention breaks down the traditional "integral welding and hoisting" radiator into several independent heat exchange cores. Each core can be assembled and brazed using general-purpose tooling, resulting in smaller size, easier control of thermal deformation, and a significantly improved yield. On-site, the cores only need to be clamped side-by-side between the two water chambers using hexagonal bolts, eliminating the need for secondary welding. The assembly cycle is shortened from several days to several hours, meeting the fast-paced requirements of engine manufacturing and data center emergency construction. The end face uses an annular flat gasket for sealing, relying on the evenly distributed bolt preload to achieve self-centering. The gasket is reusable, reducing spare parts inventory. Expansion gaps are reserved between the cores to freely absorb dimensional changes caused by thermal cycles, preventing plate warping or sealing surface crushing. The entire radiator is manufactured and installed in sections, meeting the comprehensive requirements of internal combustion engine cooling systems for high reliability, low maintenance, and green operation, providing an economical and sustainable heat dissipation solution. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is an example diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a side view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is an example diagram of the water chamber connection plate in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 4 This is an example diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a side view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0041] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0042] 10. First water chamber; 20. Second water chamber; 30. Heat exchange core; 31. Fastener; 40. Sealing gasket; 50. Water chamber connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] This utility model provides a multi-core detachable heat exchanger, which in this embodiment includes:

[0045] The first water chamber 10 and the second water chamber 20 are arranged opposite to each other along the flow direction of the coolant, and each of them is provided with an outwardly extending connecting flange at its end;

[0046] At least two independent heat exchange cores 30 are horizontally sandwiched between two water chambers, with the upper and lower end faces of each heat exchange core 30 respectively fitting with the connecting flange end face of the corresponding water chamber.

[0047] The annular sealing gasket 40 is compressed between the end face of the heat exchange core 30 and the connecting flange to form a removable end face seal.

[0048] Fastener 31 penetrates the connecting flange and the outer periphery of the heat exchange core 30, and presses the water chamber, sealing gasket and core together to form a sealed cavity, so that the inner cavity of each heat exchange core 30 and the water chamber together form a closed channel for the passage of coolant.

[0049] A horizontally extending water chamber connecting plate 50 is fixed in each of the first water chamber 10 and the second water chamber 20. The water chamber connecting plate is sealed to the water chamber. A through hole matching the shape of the heat exchange core 30 port is opened on the plate surface. Bolts are installed on the through hole to press the water chamber connecting plate, sealing gasket and core together to form a sealed cavity.

[0050] In the above technical solution, the surface of the water chamber connecting plate 50 facing the heat exchange core 30 is a flat sealing surface, and the sealing gasket 40 is directly attached between the connecting flange and the end face of the heat exchange core 30, and radial self-centering is achieved by relying on the bolt pre-tightening force.

[0051] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the sealing gasket 40 is an annular flat gasket, and the plane of the annular flat gasket is provided with multiple through holes. The end face of the heat exchange core 30 is also a plane. The two are pressed together at the through holes by bolts to form a uniform surface seal.

[0052] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, each heat exchange core 30 is an independent modular frame with openings at both ends. Several heat exchange tubes or plates are stacked and fixed inside to form a cooling unit that can be extracted separately. The outer periphery of the frame is provided with through holes that cooperate with bolts.

[0053] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the fastener 31 is a hexagonal bolt and nut and washer assembly. The hexagonal bolts are evenly distributed around the heat exchange core 30 and pass through the corresponding connecting flange, sealing gasket 40 and the outer side plate of the heat exchange core 30 frame. The nuts are tightened to form a detachable rigid connection between the components.

[0054] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the width of the first water chamber 10 and the second water chamber 20 in the horizontal direction is not less than the total width of all heat exchange cores 30 arranged side by side, and the horizontal sidewalls of each heat exchange core 30 are left with gaps to allow for expansion space for the metal to expand when heated.

[0055] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the multiple heat exchange cores 30 are configured as single-layer or double-layer, and the number of heat exchange cores 30 in each layer is two or more.

[0056] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the multiple through holes of the sealing gasket 40 are arranged at equal intervals, and the through holes of the frame are correspondingly set with the through holes of the sealing gasket.

[0057] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the end walls of the first water chamber 10 and the second water chamber 20 facing away from the heat exchange core 30 are closed structures, and the coolant inlet and outlet are directly opened on the side wall of the water chamber, and connected to the engine water pump and cylinder head outlet through hoses to form a closed cooling cycle.

[0058] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a gap of 3mm to 10mm is left between the transverse sidewalls of each pair of adjacent heat exchange cores.

[0059] Example 1: Radiator for a containerized generator set with dual cores in parallel:

[0060] like Figures 1-3 As shown, within the edge data center container, the standby diesel generator set has high power, but only one standard hatch provides side access for maintenance. This embodiment employs two independent heat exchange cores, arranged laterally side-by-side along the container's width, sandwiched between the first and second water chambers. The two cores have identical outlines, with bolt holes of the same pitch circle machined on their end faces. An annular flat gasket is pre-placed on the core's end face, and hexagonal bolts pass through the connecting flange, flat gasket, sealing gasket, and the through-hole on the core's outer circumference before being secured with nuts on the outside of the hatch. The water chamber connecting plate is sealed to the water chamber, with through-holes on its surface matching the core's port shape. Coolant is forcibly distributed to the two cores. After heat exchange is completed by the internal plates, the coolant flows into the opposite water chamber and then connects to the engine water pump and cylinder head outlet hose through a side wall interface, forming a closed-loop high-temperature cooling circuit.

[0061] During operation, if one of the cores is blocked by sand or dust or leaks due to impact, the unit will be shut down and depressurized. The maintenance personnel will loosen the hex bolts on the outside of the module, use the top lifting lugs to drag the entire radiator module horizontally outside the cabin, replace the faulty core offline, tighten the bolts again, perform a re-pressure test, and then reinstall it.

[0062] Example 2: Radiator for emergency generator set of drilling platform with four heat exchange cores arranged in a grid shape:

[0063] As Figures 4-5 shown, the drilling platform has low deck height and narrow passages, and the platform safety specification requires that spare parts must be fully prepared and intact, and on-site secondary welding is not allowed. In this example, four identical heat exchange cores are arranged in a "grid shape": two are horizontally arranged side by side on the upper side and two on the lower side, and a middle water chamber of the heat exchanger is shared in the middle, dividing the cooling process into two passes. The middle water chamber of the heat exchanger is similar to the structural water chamber in terms of sealing gasket; an annular flat gasket is arranged between each flange and the core body, hexagon bolts are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and pass through the through holes on the periphery of the flanges, the sealing gasket and the core body, and are locked with nuts on the passage side. The first water chamber is located at the outer end of the upstream core bodies, the second water chamber is located at the outer end of the downstream core bodies, the coolant first enters the first water chamber, converges into the middle water chamber of the heat exchanger after heat exchange through the two upstream core bodies, then flows through the two downstream core bodies, and finally converges into the second water chamber and returns to the engine, forming a low-temperature cooling circuit.

[0064] The whole module is hoisted into the base of the equipment room on the platform, and the lateral inlet and outlet are connected to the low-temperature circuit of the engine through hoses, then the radiator can be put into operation. When a core body has internal leakage caused by coolant impurities or vibration, the platform needs to be shut down for pressure relief according to regulations, operation and maintenance personnel loosen the external hexagon bolts, move the whole set of radiator horizontally to the maintenance area by means of the deck crane, replace the faulty core body off-line and re-test the sealing, and reinstall the whole radiator after passing the test.

[0065] Specifically, the principle of the present utility model is as follows: the radiator adopts the technical route of "end face clamping, lateral juxtaposition, detachable bolts", and adopts a separated design for sealing force and structural force: the first water chamber and the second water chamber press a plurality of independent heat exchange cores by means of peripheral flanges and hexagon bolts, the pressing force is uniformly dispersed to the annular sealing gasket through flat gaskets, forming an end face static seal; the elastic rebound of the sealing gasket can absorb the tiny deformation generated by the cold and heat cycle of the engine, maintaining long-term sealing performance. Grooves corresponding to the bolts are processed on the periphery of the core frame, and the bolt heads are embedded into the grooves, which not only limits the lateral position of the core bodies but also avoids dislocation during transportation; expansion gaps are reserved between the core bodies, so the core bodies can expand and contract freely during cold and heat cycles, preventing plate warping. Hose joints are directly opened on the side wall of the water chamber to form a closed cycle; through systematic design, the entire radiator transforms the traditional integrally welded rigid large assembly into a detachable module cluster, reducing manufacturing difficulty.

Claims

1. A multi-core detachable heat exchanger, characterized in that, include: The first and second water chambers are arranged opposite each other along the coolant flow direction, and each of them is provided with an outwardly extending connecting flange at its end; At least two independent heat exchange cores are horizontally sandwiched between two water chambers, with the upper and lower end faces of each heat exchange core respectively fitting with the connecting flange end face of the corresponding water chamber. An annular sealing gasket is compressed between the end face of the heat exchange core and the connecting flange to form a removable end face seal. Fasteners penetrate the connecting flange and the outer periphery of the heat exchange core, and press the water chamber, sealing gasket and core together, so that the inner cavity of each heat exchange core and the water chamber together form a closed channel for the passage of coolant. A horizontally extending water chamber connecting plate is fixed in each of the first and second water chambers. The water chamber connecting plate is sealed to the water chamber. The surface of the water chamber connecting plate has a through hole that matches the shape of the heat exchange core port. Bolts are installed in the through hole to press the water chamber connecting plate, sealing gasket, and core together to form a sealed cavity.

2. The multi-core detachable heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the water chamber connecting plate facing the heat exchange core is a flat sealing surface. The sealing gasket is directly attached between the connecting flange and the end face of the heat exchange core, and radial self-centering is achieved by relying on the bolt preload.

3. A multi-core detachable heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing gasket is an annular flat gasket with multiple through holes on its flat surface. The end face of the heat exchange core is also flat. The two are pressed together at the through holes by bolts to form a uniform surface seal.

4. A multi-core detachable heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each heat exchange core is an independent modular frame with openings at both ends. Several heat exchange tubes or plates are stacked and fixed inside to form a cooling unit that can be extracted separately. The outer periphery of the frame is provided with through holes that mate with bolts.

5. A multi-core detachable heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fasteners are hexagonal bolts, nuts, and washers. The hexagonal bolts are evenly distributed around the circumference of the heat exchange core and pass through the corresponding connecting flanges, gaskets, and the outer side plates of the heat exchange core frame. The nuts are tightened to form a detachable rigid connection between the components.

6. A multi-core detachable heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that, The width of the first water chamber and the second water chamber in the horizontal direction is not less than the total width of all heat exchange cores when they are arranged side by side. There are gaps between the horizontal sidewalls of each heat exchange core to allow for expansion space for the metal to expand when heated.

7. A multi-core detachable heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that, A gap of 3 to 10 mm is left between the transverse sidewalls of each pair of adjacent heat exchange cores.

8. A multi-core detachable heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that, The multiple through holes of the sealing gasket are arranged at equal intervals, and the through holes of the frame are correspondingly set with the through holes of the sealing gasket.

9. A multi-core detachable heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that, The end walls of the first and second water chambers facing away from the heat exchange core are closed structures. The coolant inlet and outlet are directly opened on the side wall of the water chamber and connected to the engine water pump and cylinder head outlet through hoses to form a closed cooling cycle.

10. A multi-core detachable heat exchanger according to claim 9, characterized in that, The heat exchange cores are configured as single-layer or double-layer, and the number of heat exchange cores in each layer is two or more.

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