A floating type ice thickness, ice-water gap and water level under ice real-time measuring device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a floating real-time measurement device for ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level, relating to the field of hydrological measurement technology. It includes an equipment box, which is frustum-shaped with openings at the bottom and top. A float, which is disc-shaped with an opening in the center, is fixedly installed at the bottom of the equipment box. The line connecting the center of the bottom opening of the equipment box and the center opening of the float is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The equipment box contains a guided wave radar, a telemetry terminal, and a photovoltaic power supply module. This device is mainly used for hydrological measurements during both ice-covered and non-ice-covered periods in lakes, reservoirs, and slow-flowing rivers. It enables real-time, continuous, and stepless measurement of ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level, avoiding the risks of manual ice breaking and improving the efficiency of ice-related measurements. It has significant practical implications for water transport and hydrological measurement during ice-covered periods in cold regions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrological measurement technology, specifically to a floating real-time measurement device for ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level. Background Technology

[0002] Ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level measurements are crucial for hydrological monitoring and water transfer during the winter ice season. Currently, ice thickness measurement is mainly achieved through manual ice breaking and manual operation of handheld ice-measuring radar, which is not only labor-intensive but also poses safety hazards such as personnel falling into the water. Furthermore, existing sensors cannot effectively measure sub-ice water levels. Water conservancy projects in high-altitude and cold regions urgently require real-time measurement of ice thickness and sub-ice water levels. Developing an ice thickness and sub-ice water level measurement device would effectively support winter hydrological measurement and water situation reporting in high-altitude and cold regions, reducing the probability of safety accidents.

[0003] Existing real-time measurement devices for shore-based ice thickness, ice-water gap, and subglacial water level are only suitable for use in scenarios with vertical water-related structures. In the absence of such structures, their application is quite complex. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a floating real-time measuring device for ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model specifically provides the following technical solution: A floating real-time measurement device for ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level includes an equipment box. The equipment box is frustum-shaped with openings at the bottom and top. A float is fixedly installed at the bottom of the equipment box. The float is disc-shaped with an opening in the center. The line connecting the center of the bottom opening of the equipment box and the center opening of the float is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. A guided wave radar, a telemetry terminal, and a photovoltaic power supply module are installed inside the equipment box. The central axis of the guided wave radar is aligned with the center of the bottom opening of the equipment box and the center opening of the float. The electromagnetic field of the guided wave radar... The wave transmitter is located at the bottom of the guided wave radar and is electrically connected to a waveguide line. The waveguide line passes through an opening at the bottom of the equipment box and an opening in the middle of the float. A positioning receiver and a temperature sensor are located at the top of the equipment box. The positioning receiver is fixedly installed in the center of the top of the equipment box. The power supply and communication lines of the positioning receiver pass through the opening at the top of the equipment box and are electrically connected to the telemetry terminal. The probe of the temperature sensor is located outside the equipment box through the opening at the top of the equipment box. An anchor and a rat cage are located at the bottom of the float.

[0006] Furthermore, the photovoltaic power supply module includes a photovoltaic panel, a battery pack, and a charging controller. The battery pack is fixedly installed inside the equipment box. The power supply port of the charging controller is electromechanically connected to the positioning receiver and the telemetry terminal, respectively. There are four photovoltaic panels in total, which are installed on the top side wall of the equipment box.

[0007] Furthermore, the telemetry terminal is equipped with a wireless communication module and at least two external power supply interfaces. Each external power supply interface is a controllable external power supply interface, and each external power supply interface is individually controlled by the telemetry terminal.

[0008] Furthermore, the power ports of the guided wave radar and temperature sensor are both connected to one of the external power supply ports of the telemetry terminal.

[0009] Furthermore, the anchor includes an anchor rope and an anchor. One end of the anchor rope is connected to the bottom edge of the float, and the other end of the anchor rope is connected to the anchor, which is a cast iron ball. The squirrel cage is installed at the bottom of the float, and the central axis of the squirrel cage coincides with the center of the hole in the middle of the float.

[0010] Furthermore, the length of the mouse cage is greater than the length of the waveguide wire.

[0011] Furthermore, the waveguide is a cable type.

[0012] Furthermore, the waveguide is rod-shaped.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages: This device is mainly used for hydrological measurements during both the ice-covered and non-ice-covered periods in lakes, reservoirs, and slow-flowing rivers. It enables real-time, continuous, and stepless measurement of ice thickness, ice-water gaps, and subglacial water levels, avoiding the risks of manual ice breaking and improving the efficiency of ice-related measurements. It is of great significance for water transport and hydrological measurements during the ice-covered period in cold regions. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This utility model provides an overall structural schematic diagram of a floating real-time measurement device for ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level. Figure 2 A top view of a floating real-time measuring device for ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level provided by this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working state of the floating ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level real-time measuring device installed after freezing.

[0016] The labels in the diagram represent the following: 1. Guided wave radar; 2. Guided wave line; 3. Positioning receiver; 5. Float; 6. Telemetry terminal; 7. Temperature sensor; 8. Anchor; 9. Rat cage; 10. Photovoltaic power supply module; 11. Equipment box; 101. Photovoltaic panel; 102. Battery pack; 103. Charging controller. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] The concepts involved in this application will first be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following descriptions of various concepts are only for the purpose of making the content of this application easier to understand and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; furthermore, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other unless otherwise specified. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this utility model provides a floating real-time measurement device for ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level, including an equipment box 11. The equipment box 11 is frustum-shaped with openings at the bottom and top. A float 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the equipment box 11. The float 5 is disc-shaped with an opening in the middle. The line connecting the center of the bottom opening of the equipment box 11 and the center opening of the float 5 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. A guided wave radar 1, a telemetry terminal 6, and a photovoltaic power supply module 10 are installed inside the equipment box 11. The central axis of the guided wave radar 1 is aligned with the center of the bottom opening of the equipment box 11 and the center opening of the float 5. The electromagnetic wave transmitter is located at the bottom of the guided wave radar 1 and is electrically connected to the guided wave line 2. The guided wave line 2 passes through the bottom opening of the equipment box 11 and the middle opening of the float 5. The top of the equipment box 11 is equipped with a positioning receiver 3 and a temperature sensor 7. The positioning receiver 3 is fixedly installed in the center of the top of the equipment box 11. The power supply and communication line of the positioning receiver 3 passes through the top opening of the equipment box 11 and is electrically connected to the telemetry terminal 6. The probe of the temperature sensor 7 is located outside the equipment box 11 through the top opening of the equipment box 11. The bottom of the float 5 is equipped with an anchor 8 and a rat cage 9.

[0020] The guided wave radar 1 is used to distinguish ice-water, ice-air, air-ice, and air-water interfaces, and to record the distance between the interface and the high-frequency pulse electromagnetic wave transmitter of the guided wave radar. The temperature sensor 7 is used to measure the air temperature above the water surface. The positioning receiver 3 is a Beidou high-precision positioning receiver, whose positioning base station is built on a stable land foundation. The positioning receiver 3 communicates with the positioning base station using LoRa. The positioning receiver 3 performs RTK high-precision positioning calculations based on navigation messages and other data provided by the positioning base station to obtain absolute elevation data. The waveguide 2 can be either cable-type or pole-type. The electromagnetic waves emitted by the guided wave radar 1 will propagate along the waveguide 2. When the electromagnetic waves encounter the interface of the measured medium, they will be reflected back to the guided wave radar 1.

[0021] Specifically, the photovoltaic power supply module 10 includes a photovoltaic panel 101, a battery pack 102, and a charging controller 103. The photovoltaic power supply module 10 adopts a float charging method. The battery pack 102 is fixedly installed inside the equipment box 11. The power supply port of the charging controller 103 is electrically connected to the positioning receiver 3 and the telemetry terminal 6 respectively. There are four photovoltaic panels 101 in total, which are installed on the top side wall of the equipment box 11.

[0022] Specifically, the telemetry terminal 6 is equipped with a wireless communication module and at least two external power supply interfaces. Each external power supply interface is a controllable external power supply interface, and each external power supply interface is individually controlled by the telemetry terminal 6.

[0023] The telemetry terminal 6 also includes timers A, B, C, and D. Timer A is the data acquisition task interval timer, timer B is the data acquisition time timer, timer C is the data acquisition interval timer, and timer D is the device startup warm-up delay timer.

[0024] Specifically, the power ports of both the guided wave radar 1 and the temperature sensor 7 are connected to one of the external power supply ports of the telemetry terminal 6.

[0025] Specifically, the anchor 8 includes an anchor rope and an anchor. One end of the anchor rope is connected to the bottom edge of the float 5, and the other end is connected to the anchor, which is a cast iron ball. The squirrel cage 9 is installed at the bottom of the float 5, and the central axis of the squirrel cage 9 coincides with the center of the hole in the middle of the float 5. The length of the anchor rope must be more than 1.5 times the highest design water level of the water area where this device is installed.

[0026] Specifically, the length of the squirrel cage 9 is greater than the length of the waveguide 2.

[0027] Specifically, waveguide 2 is a cable type.

[0028] Specifically, waveguide 2 is a rod type.

[0029] When installing the equipment before it freezes, after assembling the equipment, float 5 can be placed directly on the water surface and anchored. When installing the equipment after it freezes, if... Figure 3 As shown, the geological conditions under float 5, from high to low, are ice layer, air layer and water layer. It is necessary to break the ice surface so that the rat cage 9 and anchor can pass through the ice hole. At this time, float 5 is located on the ice surface.

[0030] The distance between the positioning receiver 3 and the guided wave radar 1 is set to Sbd. The method of this utility model for measuring ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level is as follows: Step S1: Timer A is triggered, and the telemetry terminal 6 controls the external power supply interface to supply power to the guided wave radar 1 and temperature sensor 7, and resets timer D and timer A; Step S2: Guided wave radar 1 and temperature sensor 7 complete preheating, timer D is triggered, and timer B is reset; Step S3: Reset timer C, telemetry terminal 6 collects data from guided wave radar 1, temperature sensor 7 and positioning receiver 3 once, and records the data and the corresponding collection time. Step S4: Determine the state of timer B. If it is not triggered, proceed to step S5. If it is triggered, turn off timer C and proceed to step S6. Step S5: Determine the state of timer C. If it is triggered, proceed to step S3; if it is not triggered, proceed to step S4. Step S6: Complete a data collection task. Calculate the collected data using the telemetry terminal 6 to obtain accurate data such as ice thickness, ice-water gap, and subglacial water level. The telemetry terminal 6 then uploads the analysis and calculation results of this task via the wireless communication module, and executes step S1. Among them, the delay time of timer C must be greater than the time taken by telemetry terminal 6 to collect data from guided wave radar 1, temperature sensor 7 and positioning receiver 3 once; Specifically, the method for calculating ice thickness, ice-water gap, and subglacial water level in step S6 is as follows: Step S6-1: Autocorrelation filtering + Kalman filtering is used to filter the time series data such as the elevation data of positioning receiver 3, air-ice interface distance, ice-air interface distance and air-water interface distance collected in a mission to eliminate the influence of periodic and random noise and obtain the final elevation data of positioning receiver 3 Hbd, air-ice interface distance Sqb, ice-air interface distance Sbq and air-water interface distance Sqs obtained in this mission. Step S6-2, calculate the ice sheet height Hb = Hbd - Sbd - Sqb; Step S6-3: Calculate the ice sheet thickness Lb = Sbq - Sqb; Step S6-4: Calculate the subglacial water level Hbs = Hbd - Sbd - Sqs; Step S6-5: Calculate the ice-water air gap Hq = Sqs - Sbq; Specifically, in step S6-1, the air-ice interface distance is the distance from guided wave radar 1 to the air-ice interface, the ice-air interface distance is the distance from guided wave radar 1 to the ice-air interface, and the air-water interface distance is the distance from guided wave radar 1 to the air-water interface. Specifically, when not frozen, Sqb=0, Sbq=0; when frozen and without air gap, Sbq=0.

[0031] The above-mentioned method is mainly used for hydrological measurement work during the ice-covered and non-ice-covered periods in lakes, reservoirs, and slow-flowing rivers. It realizes the function of real-time, continuous, and stepless measurement of ice thickness, ice-water gap, and subglacial water level, avoids the risks of manual ice breaking, and improves the efficiency of ice-related measurement. It has great significance for water transport and hydrological measurement during the ice-covered period in cold regions.

[0032] The embodiments and / or implementation methods described above are merely preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods for implementing the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present utility model in any way. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the present utility model, but these should still be regarded as the same technology or embodiment as the present utility model.

[0033] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that due to the limitations of written expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of this application, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A floating real-time measurement device for ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level, comprising an equipment box (11), characterized in that, The equipment box (11) is frustum-shaped with openings at the bottom and top. A float (5) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the equipment box (11). The float (5) is disc-shaped with an opening in the middle. The line connecting the center of the bottom opening of the equipment box (11) and the center opening of the float (5) is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. A guided wave radar (1), a telemetry terminal (6), and a photovoltaic power supply module (10) are installed inside the equipment box (11). The central axis of the guided wave radar (1) is aligned with the center of the bottom opening of the equipment box (11) and the center opening of the float (5). The electromagnetic wave transmitting end of the guided wave radar (1) is located at the bottom of the guided wave radar (1) and is electrically connected to a guide wave... Waveguide (2), the waveguide (2) passes through the bottom opening of the equipment box (11) and the middle opening of the float (5). The top of the equipment box (11) is provided with a positioning receiver (3) and a temperature sensor (7). The positioning receiver (3) is fixedly installed in the center of the top of the equipment box (11). The power supply and communication line of the positioning receiver (3) passes through the top opening of the equipment box (11) and is electrically connected to the telemetry terminal (6). The probe of the temperature sensor (7) is set outside the equipment box (11) through the top opening of the equipment box (11). The bottom of the float (5) is provided with an anchor (8) and a rat cage (9).

2. The floating real-time measurement device for ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic power supply module (10) includes a photovoltaic panel (101), a battery pack (102), and a charging controller (103). The battery pack (102) is fixedly installed inside the equipment box (11). The power supply port of the charging controller (103) is electrically connected to the positioning receiver (3) and the telemetry terminal (6) respectively. There are four photovoltaic panels (101) in total, and they are all installed on the top side wall of the equipment box (11).

3. The floating real-time measurement device for ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telemetry terminal (6) is equipped with a wireless communication module and at least two external power supply interfaces. Each external power supply interface is a controllable external power supply interface, and each external power supply interface is individually controlled by the telemetry terminal (6) to turn on and off.

4. The floating real-time measuring device for ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power ports of the guided wave radar (1) and the temperature sensor (7) are both connected to one of the external power supply ports of the telemetry terminal (6).

5. The floating real-time measuring device for ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor (8) includes an anchor rope and an anchor. One end of the anchor rope is connected to the bottom edge of the float (5), and the other end of the anchor rope is connected to the anchor, which is a cast iron ball. The rat cage (9) is installed at the bottom of the float (5), and the central axis of the rat cage (9) coincides with the center of the hole in the middle of the float (5).

6. The floating real-time measuring device for ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the rat cage (9) is greater than the length of the waveguide (2).

7. The floating real-time measuring device for ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waveguide (2) is a cable type.

8. The floating real-time measuring device for ice thickness, ice-water gap, and sub-ice water level according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waveguide (2) is rod-shaped.

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