A high-low temperature combined static tension test device

Abstract

The utility model relates to tension test device technical field especially relates to a high and low temperature compound static tension test device, including box body frame, the both sides fixed mounting of top of box body frame has accurate slide rail, one side of accurate slide rail is provided with distribution box, one side of distribution box is provided with protection box body, the front of protection box body is provided with locking mechanism, and locking mechanism includes observation window, and the opening and closing box door of one side setting of observation window, the pivot swingingly connected between the bottom and top of opening and closing box door, the low temperature medium of refrigerating unit compression refrigerant or liquid nitrogen system injection, make cold air in the box forced circulation through heat exchanger and fan, ensure temperature homogeneity, temperature sensor is located in the chamber temperature real -time monitoring in the box to feedback signal to control panel, and the difference of control system according to set value and feedback value carries out PID adjustment, and the environmental temperature in the box is accurately maintained in set value plus tolerance range, and this process runs through the whole test's temperature rise / drop and the heat preservation stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of tensile testing devices, specifically a high and low temperature composite static tensile testing device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of materials science and engineering, static tensile testing is a fundamental method for evaluating the mechanical properties of materials (such as tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation at break). With the development of industries such as aerospace, new energy, and special materials, the mechanical behavior of materials in extreme temperature environments (such as -70°C or +200°C) has become a key research topic. Traditional static tensile testing machines typically only operate at room temperature, while high and low temperature testing requires separate environmental chambers and tensile testing machines, which has the following inherent drawbacks: 1. Material failure under extreme temperatures may cause a sudden increase in pressure inside the chamber (such as high-temperature vaporization or low-temperature medium phase change), while conventional pressure relief structures have a delayed response or insufficient sealing, posing an explosion risk; 2. Traditional tensile testing machine drive mechanisms (such as hydraulic cylinders) are susceptible to thermal expansion and contraction in temperature cycling environments, generating non-axial force components. Insufficient frictional resistance and guiding accuracy of the slide rail further reduce the accuracy of load and displacement measurements. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high and low temperature composite static tensile testing device, which solves the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a high and low temperature composite static tensile testing device, including a box frame, precision slide rails fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the box frame, a power distribution box provided on one side of the precision slide rails, a protective box provided on one side of the power distribution box, and a locking mechanism provided on the front of the protective box.

[0005] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes an observation window, an opening and closing door provided on one side of the observation window, a pivot movably connected between the bottom and top of the opening and closing door, a buckle provided on the outer side of the top of the pivot, a locking member movably engaged on one side of the buckle, and a fixed connection on one side of the locking member to the opening and closing door.

[0006] Preferably, a pressure relief slot is provided on one side of the protective enclosure, two movable hinges are installed on the bottom side of the pressure relief slot, an explosion-proof pressure relief door is fixedly installed on one side of the two movable hinges, an observation window is installed in the center of the front of the protective enclosure, and a test lead hole is provided on the other side of the protective enclosure.

[0007] Preferably, a working platform is provided on the top of one end of the housing frame, and tensile testing machines are fixedly connected to the top of the housing frame on both sides of the working platform. A control panel is provided on one side of the distribution box, and a leakage current switch is provided on the other side of the distribution box.

[0008] Preferably, the top and bottom of the tensile testing machine are respectively equipped with a high-precision force sensor and a displacement sensor, the inside of the protective housing is equipped with a refrigeration unit, the refrigeration unit includes a heat exchanger and a fan fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective housing, the inside of the protective housing is fixedly connected with a temperature sensor, and the bottom of the tensile testing machine is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention provides a high and low temperature composite static tensile testing device: 1. Once the temperature inside the chamber reaches the set value and stabilizes, or at a specific temperature point according to the preset program, the operator starts the tensile testing machine through the control panel. The core drive mechanism of the tensile testing machine is usually a servo motor or hydraulic cylinder. The drive mechanism is guided by a precision slide rail to ensure that the applied force is strictly perpendicular to the sample axis. Assuming it is the most common tensile direction, the precision slide rail ensures high straightness and low friction during the loading process, which is the key to obtaining accurate mechanical data. 2. The refrigeration unit compresses the refrigerant or injects the cryogenic medium through the liquid nitrogen system. The cold air is forced to circulate in the chamber through the heat exchanger and fan to ensure temperature uniformity. The temperature sensor is located in the chamber to monitor the chamber temperature in real time and feeds the signal back to the control panel. The control system makes PID adjustments based on the difference between the set value and the feedback value to accurately maintain the ambient temperature in the chamber within the set value ± tolerance range. This process is carried out throughout the entire heating / cooling and heat preservation stages of the test. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the leakage current switch structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tensile testing machine structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the high-precision force sensor structure of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief slotted structure of this utility model.

[0011] In the diagram: 1. Cabinet frame; 101. Precision slide rail; 102. Distribution box; 103. Protective enclosure; 2. Locking mechanism; 201. Observation window; 202. Opening and closing door; 203. Rotating shaft; 204. Fastener; 205. Locking component; 206. Locking door; 3. Pressure relief slot; 301. Movable hinge; 302. Explosion-proof pressure relief door; 303. Test lead hole; 4. Working platform; 5. Tensile testing machine; 501. High-precision force sensor; 502. Displacement sensor; 503. Heat exchanger; 504. Fan; 505. Temperature sensor; 506. Hydraulic cylinder; 6. Control panel; 7. Residual current circuit breaker. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0013] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0014] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0015] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or setting, a detachable connection or setting, or an integral connection or setting. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0016] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention proposes a high and low temperature composite static tensile testing device, including a box frame 1. Precision slide rails 101 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the box frame 1. A power distribution box 102 is provided on one side of the precision slide rails 101. A protective box 103 is provided on one side of the power distribution box 102. A locking mechanism 2 is provided on the front of the protective box 103.

[0017] In practical use, a static, constant, or slowly varying tensile load is applied to the sample under precisely controlled high- or low-temperature cycling conditions to test the static mechanical properties of materials or components under extreme temperature conditions, such as tensile strength, yield strength, elastic modulus, and elongation at break. This is achieved by integrating a temperature-controlled environmental chamber with a static tensile testing mechanism, supplemented by a safety protection system. The sample moves via a precision slide rail 101, facilitating measurement. The locking mechanism 2 includes an observation window 201, an opening and closing door 202 on one side of the observation window 201, a pivot 203 movably connected between the bottom and top of the opening and closing door 202, a buckle 204 on the top outer side of the pivot 203, a locking member 205 movably fastened to one side of the buckle 204, and a side of the locking member 205 fixedly connected to the opening and closing door 202.

[0018] In practical use, the locking mechanism 2 facilitates the opening and closing of the door 202, thereby facilitating the high and low temperature composite static tensile test and the loading and unloading of the test objects.

[0019] A pressure relief slot 3 is provided on one side of the protective enclosure 103. Two movable hinges 301 are installed on the bottom side of the pressure relief slot 3. An explosion-proof pressure relief door 302 is fixedly installed on one side of the two movable hinges 301. An observation window 201 is installed in the middle of the front of the protective enclosure 103. A test lead hole 303 is provided on the other side of the protective enclosure 103.

[0020] In practical use, the test lead wire is carefully led out of the housing through the test lead hole 303 and connected to the external data acquisition system. The design of the test lead hole 303 must ensure good sealing to prevent temperature leakage and pressure fluctuation.

[0021] A working platform 4 is provided on the top of one end of the housing frame 1. Tensile testing machines 5 are fixedly connected to the top of the housing frame 1 on both sides of the working platform 4. A control panel 6 is provided on one side of the distribution box 102, and a leakage current switch 7 is provided on the other side of the distribution box 102.

[0022] The top and bottom of the tensile testing machine 5 are respectively equipped with a high-precision force sensor 501 and a displacement sensor 502. The protective housing 103 is equipped with a refrigeration unit, which includes a heat exchanger 503 and a fan 504 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective housing 103. The protective housing 103 is also fixedly connected with a temperature sensor 505. The bottom of the tensile testing machine 5 is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder 506.

[0023] Step 1: Sample Installation and Environmental Preparation The operator opens the hinged door 202 and / or the locking door 206, rotates the door via the pivot 203, and operates the latch 204 and locking element 205 to fully open it. The two ends of the sample to be tested (such as metal rods, plastic parts, composite materials, connectors, etc.) are securely installed in the upper and lower clamps of the tensile testing machine 5 on the work platform 4. Ensure the sample is located in the central area of ​​the protective enclosure 103. Carefully lead the lead wire of the required sensor (such as displacement sensor 502) through the test lead hole 303 out of the enclosure and connect it to the external data acquisition system. The test lead hole 303 must be designed to ensure good sealing to prevent temperature leakage and pressure fluctuations. Close the hinged door 202 and the locking door 206, and secure them tightly using the locking element 205 and latch 204. The observation window 201 remains transparent, allowing visual observation of the interior. At this point, the sample is completely within the closed cavity defined by the protective enclosure 103. Step 2: Temperature Environment Setting and Control Operators set the target test temperature (high temperature such as +150°C, +200°C or low temperature such as -40°C, -70°C) and parameters such as heating / cooling rate and holding time on control panel 6. The control panel 6 sends instructions to the temperature control system (heating element, refrigeration unit, liquid nitrogen injection device, fan, etc.) located inside the enclosure frame 1 (usually integrated in the wall of the protective enclosure 103 or in a specific air duct). Distribution box 102 provides power supply and distribution for temperature control system, tensile testing machine 5, control panel 6, etc., and provides electrical safety protection through leakage circuit breaker 7; Step 3: The temperature control system starts working. Low temperature mode: The refrigeration unit compresses the refrigerant or injects the low temperature medium through the liquid nitrogen system. The cold air is forced to circulate in the chamber through the heat exchanger 503 and the fan 504 (if present) to ensure temperature uniformity. Temperature sensor 505 (located inside the chamber) monitors the chamber temperature in real time and feeds the signal back to control panel 6. The control system performs PID adjustment based on the difference between the set value and the feedback value to precisely maintain the ambient temperature inside the chamber within the set value ± tolerance range. This process is maintained throughout the entire heating / cooling and heat preservation phases of the test. Step 4: Static tensile loading and testing: Once the temperature inside the chamber reaches the set value and stabilizes (heat preservation), or at a specific temperature point according to the preset program, the operator starts the tensile testing machine 5 through the control panel 6. The core drive mechanism (hydraulic cylinder 506) of the tensile testing machine 5 begins to work. The drive mechanism is guided by the precision slide rail 101 to ensure that the applied force is strictly along the sample axis (vertical direction, assumed to be the most common tensile direction). The precision slide rail 101 ensures high straightness and low friction during the loading process, which is the key to obtaining accurate mechanical data.

[0024] Step 5: Apply a static tensile load to the specimen using tensile testing machine 5. The high-precision force sensor 501 built into the tensile testing machine measures the load (tensile force) applied to the specimen in real time. At the same time, the displacement sensor 502 (usually integrated into the tensile testing machine 5 or via an external lead wire) measures the displacement between the fixtures (deformation of the specimen). Sensors such as strain gauges led out through the lead wire holes provide more local strain information. Step Six: Process Monitoring and Safety Protection Real-time monitoring: Operators can monitor the key parameter curves such as force, displacement, strain, and temperature in real time through the display screen of the control panel 6. At the same time, they can visually observe the deformation and fracture behavior of the sample under extreme temperatures and whether there are any abnormalities (such as fire or smoke, although the probability is low) through the observation window 201. Pressure relief protection: During extreme temperature tests (especially rapid phase changes in high- or low-temperature media) or during material failure, the internal pressure of the sealed protective enclosure 103 may rise abnormally. The explosion-proof pressure relief door 302 is designed to automatically open when the pressure exceeds a safety threshold (through a preset mechanical structure such as a spring or weak point design). The movable hinge 301 allows the pressure relief door to open rapidly outward under pressure (pressure relief slot 3 area), releasing internal pressure, preventing the enclosure from exploding, and protecting equipment and personnel safety. After pressure relief, the pressure relief door usually needs to be manually reset. Step 7: Test End and Reset When the test is completed (e.g., the sample breaks, the preset displacement / load / time is reached), or when the test needs to be stopped, the loading of the tensile testing machine 5 is stopped through the control panel 6. The temperature control system stops working or starts to return to room temperature at a safe rate according to the set program (especially after low temperature test, to prevent condensation). After the temperature inside the chamber is safe (close to room temperature), the locking part 205 and the fastener 204 are released, and the opening and closing chamber door 202 and the closing chamber door 206 are opened. Step 8: Remove the broken or tested specimen, clean the work area, and prepare for the next test.

[0025] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0026] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A high and low temperature composite static tensile testing device, comprising a housing frame (1), characterized in that, Precision slide rails (101) are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the box frame (1). A power distribution box (102) is provided on one side of the precision slide rail (101). A protective box (103) is provided on one side of the power distribution box (102). A locking mechanism (2) is provided on the front of the protective box (103).

2. The high and low temperature composite static tensile testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (2) includes an observation window (201), an opening and closing door (202) is provided on one side of the observation window (201), a pivot (203) is movably connected between the bottom and top of the opening and closing door (202), a buckle (204) is provided on the outer side of the top of the pivot (203), a locking member (205) is movably fastened on one side of the buckle (204), and one side of the locking member (205) is fixedly connected to the opening and closing door (202).

3. The high and low temperature composite static tensile testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective enclosure (103) has a pressure relief slot (3) on one side, and two movable hinges (301) are installed on the bottom side of the pressure relief slot (3). An explosion-proof pressure relief door (302) is fixedly installed on one side of the two movable hinges (301). An observation window (201) is installed in the middle of the front of the protective enclosure (103). A test lead hole (303) is opened on the other side of the protective enclosure (103).

4. The high and low temperature composite static tensile testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A working platform (4) is provided on the top of one end of the housing frame (1), and tensile testing machines (5) are fixedly connected to the top of the housing frame (1) on both sides of the working platform (4). A control panel (6) is provided on one side of the distribution box (102), and a leakage current switch (7) is provided on the other side of the distribution box (102).

5. The high and low temperature composite static tensile testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the tensile testing machine (5) are respectively equipped with a high-precision force sensor (501) and a displacement sensor (502). The protective box (103) is equipped with a refrigeration unit. The refrigeration unit includes a heat exchanger (503) and a fan (504) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective box (103). The protective box (103) is also fixedly connected with a temperature sensor (505).

6. The high and low temperature composite static tensile testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom end of the tensile testing machine (5) is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder (506).

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