An experimental device for testing transpiration of single plant

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of plant water consumption experiment, provide an experimental device of single plant transpiration, including the hollow structure's experiment cylinder, the experiment cylinder top sets up the top plate, the experiment cylinder bottom sets up the bottom plate, be provided with the culture container in the experiment cylinder, be used for setting up the soil and planting single plant in the culture container, the culture container divides the upper and lower two chambers in the experiment cylinder, the culture container is connected the upper and lower chambers, be used for reducing the air pressure in the lower chamber, the utility model reduces the air pressure of lower chamber first, the air of upper chamber enters the lower chamber under the air pressure balance effect, and air passes through the soil, finally make the air content of soil reduce, to explore the transpiration water consumption capacity of single plant under the low air pressure environment of soil, can carry out single plant transpiration water consumption capacity test to simulate the low air pressure soil environment, be applicable to the reproduction high altitude low air pressure extreme environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of plant water consumption experiments, specifically relating to an experimental device for testing the transpiration of a single plant root. Background Technology

[0002] Plant water consumption capacity is a key indicator of vegetation ecological restoration, directly related to the survival ability of vegetation in specific environments and the stability of the ecosystem. In vegetation ecological restoration projects, accurately testing plant water consumption capacity is crucial for rationally planning water resource utilization, selecting suitable vegetation species, and optimizing irrigation strategies. Through experiments on plant water consumption capacity, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of the water requirements of different plants at different growth stages, thus providing important evidence for ensuring the healthy growth of plants throughout their entire life cycle.

[0003] Transpiration is the movement of water from the roots to the leaves of a plant. It does not consume the plant's energy but achieves cooling, alters cell osmotic pressure, and facilitates the large-scale transport of mineral nutrients. Water is essential for plant life, but in reality, only a small amount of water is used by plants for growth and metabolism. The remaining 97% to 99.5% of water is lost through transpiration and efflux. Therefore, in current technology, the amount of water lost through transpiration is often used to determine a plant's water consumption capacity.

[0004] Plants are affected by air pressure at different altitudes. To adapt to varying air pressure environments, the opening of leaf stomata changes, resulting in significant differences in transpiration. In extreme environments of high altitude and low air pressure, transpiration is often more strongly inhibited, directly affecting the plant's water use efficiency and overall growth. Simultaneously, in these extreme environments, the air content in the soil also decreases, further impacting root respiration and water absorption. Current technologies often use transpiration meters for experiments; however, these experiments are conducted in laboratory or outdoor environments. Outdoor experiments involve vast differences in air pressure across regions, making precise control of air pressure conditions difficult. This leads to experimental results being affected by air pressure fluctuations, thus reducing the accuracy and repeatability of the experiments. In laboratory environments, experimental setups are often placed in low-pressure environments. However, the soil is not treated for low pressure. Due to the adsorption force and surface tension of air in the soil micropores and capillaries, the air in the soil is released slowly and incompletely. This results in a discrepancy between the air pressure environment of the soil and the plant, making it impossible to accurately simulate a real low-pressure environment. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides an experimental device for testing the transpiration of a single plant root, thereby addressing the issues in the prior art. The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: An experimental apparatus for testing the transpiration of a single plant root includes a hollow experimental cylinder with an upper top plate at the top and a lower bottom plate at the bottom. The experimental cylinder is equipped with a culture container, which is used to store soil and plant a single plant. The culture container divides the experimental cylinder into upper and lower chambers, and the culture container connects the upper and lower chambers. The lower chamber is used to reduce air pressure.

[0006] Furthermore, the experimental cylinder comprises three stacked cylinders, namely an upper cylinder, a middle cylinder, and a lower cylinder, wherein the middle cylinder is detachably connected to the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder; the interior of the three cylinders is a through hollow structure; the top of the upper cylinder is detachably connected to the upper top plate, and the bottom of the lower cylinder is detachably connected to the lower bottom plate. The culture container is disposed inside the intermediate cylinder; the culture container and the intermediate cylinder are sealed together. A piston is installed inside the lower cylinder, which slides downward to reduce the air pressure in the hollow structure of the three cylinders.

[0007] Furthermore, a water receiving container is provided inside the lower cylinder and above the piston. The water receiving container is located directly below the culture container and is used to catch the dripping water from the culture container.

[0008] Furthermore, the top of the culture container is an open structure, and the bottom is a filter or grid structure.

[0009] Furthermore, a limiting sealing ring is fixedly connected to the side of the culture container, the limiting sealing ring is threadedly connected to the intermediate cylinder, the bottom of the limiting sealing ring abuts against a sealing ring sleeve, and the sealing ring sleeve is fixedly connected to the intermediate cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, multiple receiving tanks are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper cylinder, and the receiving tanks are provided with first moisture adsorption particles. The sides of the receiving tanks are filter holes or grid structures. The multiple receiving tanks are distributed circumferentially around the inner wall of the upper cylinder, and plant supplement lights are provided between two adjacent receiving tanks.

[0011] Furthermore, the top plate has a top cavity at its bottom, and the top cavity contains second moisture adsorption particles. The bottom surface of the top cavity is a filter hole or grid structure.

[0012] Furthermore, a first flange ring is provided at the bottom of the upper cylinder, a second flange ring is provided at the top of the middle cylinder, a third flange ring is provided at the bottom of the middle cylinder, and a fourth flange ring is provided at the top of the lower cylinder; the first flange ring is fitted with the second flange ring, and the third flange ring is fitted with the fourth flange ring; It also includes a connecting mechanism, which includes an elastic element and two connecting rods; one of the connecting rods passes through the first flange ring and the second flange ring, and the other connecting rod passes through the third flange ring and the fourth flange ring; the two connecting rods are respectively limited by nuts, and the opposite ends of the two connecting rods are respectively fixedly connected to the elastic element; multiple connecting mechanisms are arranged around the intermediate cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the top plate is fixedly connected to a water supply pipe, the bottom of which is located directly above the culture container, and the top of which is fixedly connected to a water supply tank.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom of the piston is connected to the top of the spring, the bottom of the spring is connected to the top of the drive rod, and the drive rod is threaded through the lower base plate.

[0015] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: This invention first reduces the air pressure in the lower chamber. Air from the upper chamber enters the lower chamber under the effect of air pressure balance, and the air passes through the soil, ultimately reducing the air content in the soil. This allows for the investigation of the water consumption capacity of a single plant through transpiration under low air pressure conditions. It can be used to test the water consumption capacity of a single plant through transpiration to simulate a low-pressure soil environment and is suitable for reproducing extreme environments with high altitude and low air pressure. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental process; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the upper cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following will be based on the embodiments of this utility model. Figures 1-3 The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0018] like Figures 1-3An experimental device for testing the transpiration of a single plant root includes a hollow experimental cylinder with an upper top plate 11 at the top and a lower bottom plate 10 at the bottom. The experimental cylinder is equipped with a culture container 4, which is used to place soil 5 and plant a single plant. The culture container 4 divides the experimental cylinder into upper and lower chambers; the culture container 4 connects the upper and lower chambers. The lower chamber is used to reduce air pressure. This invention can be used to test the water consumption capacity of a single plant through transpiration, simulating a low-pressure soil environment. Specifically, the air pressure in the lower chamber is first reduced, and air from the upper chamber enters the lower chamber under the effect of air pressure balance. The air also passes through the soil 5, ultimately reducing the air content in the soil 5, in order to explore the water consumption capacity of a single plant through transpiration under low-pressure conditions in the soil 5.

[0019] Before the experiment, soil 5 was placed in culture container 4, and the target plant was transplanted. The initial weight of culture container 4 was recorded. Culture container 4 was placed in the experimental cylinder, and the air pressure in the lower chamber was adjusted so that air from the upper chamber passed through soil 5 into the lower chamber to maintain the low-pressure environment required for the experiment. After standing for 24-48 hours, culture container 4 and water collection container 8 were removed, and the weight of culture container 4 after the experiment and the amount of water drained from water collection container 8 were recorded. The water consumption due to plant transpiration was calculated. In addition, culture container 4 without transplanted plants was set up as a control group, and the water consumption obtained in this experiment was taken as the soil evaporation.

[0020] This invention has the following material conservation principle: initial weight + water replenishment (weight) = weight after experiment + water discharge during experiment (weight) + soil evaporation + water consumption by plant transpiration; wherein, soil evaporation is measured by the control group, water discharge during the experiment is the water volume in the water receiving container 8, and water replenishment is the water replenishment in the water replenishment tank 13. The water consumption by plant transpiration can be calculated according to this conservation principle.

[0021] Furthermore, the experimental cylinder comprises three stacked cylinders, namely an upper cylinder 1, a middle cylinder 2, and a lower cylinder 3. The middle cylinder 2 is detachably connected to the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 3. The interior of the three cylinders is a through-hole hollow structure. The top of the upper cylinder 1 is detachably connected to the upper top plate 11, and the bottom of the lower cylinder 3 is detachably connected to the lower bottom plate 10. The culture container 4 is disposed inside the intermediate cylinder 2; the culture container 4 is sealed to the intermediate cylinder 2; a piston 18 is disposed inside the lower cylinder 3, and the piston 18 is used to slide downward to reduce the air pressure in the hollow structure of the three cylinders.

[0022] In this invention, three cylinders are stacked to form a closed cavity. When the piston 18 slides downward, the volume of the lower chamber increases and the air pressure decreases. The air pressure difference between the upper and lower chambers drives the air in the upper chamber to pass through the soil 5 at the bottom of the culture container 4, taking away some of the air inside the soil, thus simulating the low air content environment of the soil 5. The evaporation water consumption is accurately quantified by weighing.

[0023] Furthermore, a water receiving container 8 is provided inside the lower cylinder 3 and above the piston 18. The water receiving container 8 is located directly below the culture container 4 and is used to catch dripping water from the culture container 4. Furthermore, the top of the culture container 4 has an open structure, and its bottom has a filter hole or grid structure.

[0024] Multiple baffles 801 are fixedly connected to the side of the water receiving container 8, and a retaining ring 802 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the intermediate cylinder 2. The retaining ring 802 supports the baffles 801 to achieve stable placement of the water receiving container 8. Air in the upper chamber enters the lower chamber through the gaps between the baffles 801.

[0025] During the experiment, the water in the soil 5 dripped into the water receiving container 8 through the filter holes or grid structure at the bottom of the cultivation container 4 under the combined action of gravity and air flow. After the experiment, the water receiving container 8 was removed, and the amount (weight) of water in the water receiving container 8 was measured and recorded for subsequent water consumption calculation.

[0026] In nature, water in soil 5 usually tends to flow downwards under the influence of gravity. During the low-pressure generation process of soil 5 in this invention, the water in soil 5 flows downwards due to the influence of air flow. Therefore, this invention can also simulate the effect of water in soil 5 on transpiration when there is fluidity.

[0027] Furthermore, a limiting sealing ring 401 is fixedly connected to the side of the culture container 4. The limiting sealing ring 401 is threadedly connected to the intermediate cylinder 2, and the bottom of the limiting sealing ring 401 abuts against the sealing ring sleeve 201. The sealing ring sleeve 201 is fixedly connected to the intermediate cylinder 2. A sealing ring can be provided between the limiting sealing ring 401 and the sealing ring sleeve 201 to achieve a sealing function.

[0028] Furthermore, multiple receiving tanks 15 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper cylinder 1. The receiving tanks 15 are provided with first moisture adsorption particles 16. The sides of the receiving tanks 15 are filter holes or grid structures. The multiple receiving tanks 15 are distributed circumferentially around the inner wall of the upper cylinder 1. Plant supplement lights 19 are provided between two adjacent receiving tanks 15.

[0029] Furthermore, the top plate 11 has a top cavity at its bottom, and the top cavity contains second moisture adsorption particles 12. The bottom surface of the top cavity is a filter hole or grid structure.

[0030] The first moisture adsorption particle 16 and the second moisture adsorption particle 12 can be silica gel desiccant or molecular sieve. The filter holes or grid structure of the containing tank 15 and the top cavity allow the air to fully contact the moisture adsorption particles. During the experiment, the adsorption effect of the first moisture adsorption particle 16 and the second moisture adsorption particle 12 removes water vapor from the air in the upper chamber, preventing water vapor from condensing on the cylinder wall or the top of the culture container 4, and preventing condensate from flowing back into the soil 5. Plant grow lights 19 are evenly distributed between adjacent containing tanks 15 to provide uniform and stable light conditions for the plants in each culture container 4, eliminating the interference of uneven natural light. In addition, a corresponding heating device can be set up to regulate the temperature.

[0031] Furthermore, a first flange ring is provided at the bottom of the upper cylinder 1, a second flange ring is provided at the top of the middle cylinder 2, a third flange ring is provided at the bottom of the middle cylinder 2, and a fourth flange ring is provided at the top of the lower cylinder 3; the first flange ring is fitted with the second flange ring, and the third flange ring is fitted with the fourth flange ring. The system also includes a connecting mechanism comprising an elastic element 7 and two connecting rods 6. One connecting rod 6 passes through the first flange ring and the second flange ring, and the other connecting rod 6 passes through the third flange ring and the fourth flange ring. The two connecting rods 6 are respectively limited by nuts, and their opposite ends are fixedly connected to the elastic element 7. Multiple connecting mechanisms are arranged around the intermediate cylinder 2. The elastic element 7 can be an elastic rope, spring, or other similar component. Nuts are located on the top surface of the first flange ring and the bottom surface of the fourth flange ring, respectively, to lock the two connecting rods 6. Under the action of the elastic element 7, the two connecting rods 6 tend to move closer together to improve sealing performance. Sealing rings or other similar components can also be provided between the first and second flange rings, and between the third and fourth flange rings.

[0032] Furthermore, the top plate 11 is fixedly connected to the water supply pipe 14, the bottom of the water supply pipe 14 is located directly above the culture container 4, and the top of the water supply pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the water supply tank 13.

[0033] A scale line can be set on the water supply tank 13, and a valve is set on the water supply pipe 14. The water supply function is realized by opening and closing the valve, and the water supply volume is recorded.

[0034] Furthermore, the bottom of the piston 18 is connected to the top of the spring 17, and the bottom of the spring 17 is connected to the top of the drive rod 9. The drive rod 9 is threaded and passes through the lower base plate 10. Under the action of the spring 17, the piston 18 is pushed down to reduce the air pressure.

[0035] The bottom of the spring 17 is fixedly connected to the first turntable 901, and the top of the spring 17 is fixedly connected to the second turntable 902. The first turntable 901 is rotatably connected to the top of the drive rod 9, and the second turntable 902 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the piston 18. The first turntable 901 and the second turntable 902 can prevent the spring 17 from rotating with the drive rod 9.

[0036] This utility model also includes the following experimental procedures: Step 1: Divide the soil 5 into two equal parts and place them into culture containers 4 respectively. Transplant the plant into one of the culture containers 4. Do not transplant the plant into the other culture container 4. It serves as a control group for separate experiments. Step 2: Measure and record the initial weight of culture container 4; Step 2: Place the culture container 4 inside the intermediate cylinder 2, and then install the upper and lower bottom plates 10 and the upper top plate 11. Step 3: Use piston 18 to reduce the air pressure to simulate a low-pressure environment; collect the water displacement of culture container 4 during the experiment. Step 4: Let stand for 24-48 hours, then remove culture container 4; Step 5, measure and record the weight of culture container 4 after the experiment; the weight reduction of culture container 4 without transplanted plants is taken as soil evaporation; soil evaporation = initial weight - weight after the experiment + drainage during the experiment. Step 6: Calculate the water consumption of plant transpiration. Water consumption of plant transpiration = initial weight - weight after experiment - soil evaporation + drainage during the experiment. Step 7: Repeat the experiment multiple times and take the average value as the water consumption of a single plant through transpiration.

[0037] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Any modifications, alterations, alterations, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present utility model without departing from the spirit of the present utility model shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for testing the transpiration rate of a single plant root, characterized in that, The experimental cylinder has a hollow structure, with an upper top plate (11) at the top and a lower bottom plate (10) at the bottom. The experimental cylinder is equipped with a culture container (4), which is used to set soil (5) and plant a single plant. The culture container (4) divides the experimental cylinder into upper and lower chambers. The culture container (4) connects the upper and lower chambers. The lower chamber is used to reduce air pressure; The experimental cylinder comprises three stacked cylinders, namely an upper cylinder (1), a middle cylinder (2), and a lower cylinder (3). The middle cylinder (2) is detachably connected to the upper cylinder (1) and the lower cylinder (3). The interior of the three cylinders is a through-hole hollow structure. The top of the upper cylinder (1) is detachably connected to the upper top plate (11), and the bottom of the lower cylinder (3) is detachably connected to the lower bottom plate (10). The culture container (4) is disposed inside the intermediate cylinder (2); the culture container (4) is sealed to the intermediate cylinder (2); A piston (18) is provided inside the lower cylinder (3). The piston (18) is used to slide downward to reduce the air pressure in the hollow structure of the three cylinders.

2. The experimental apparatus for testing the transpiration of a single plant root according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water receiving container (8) is provided inside the lower cylinder (3) and above the piston (18). The water receiving container (8) is located directly below the culture container (4) and is used to catch the dripping water from the culture container (4).

3. The experimental apparatus for testing the transpiration of a single plant root according to claim 1, characterized in that, The culture container (4) has an open top and a filter or grid bottom.

4. The experimental apparatus for testing the transpiration of a single plant root according to claim 1, characterized in that, The culture container (4) is fixedly connected to a limiting sealing ring (401) on its side. The limiting sealing ring (401) is threadedly connected to the intermediate cylinder (2). The bottom of the limiting sealing ring (401) abuts against the sealing ring sleeve (201). The sealing ring sleeve (201) is fixedly connected to the intermediate cylinder (2).

5. The experimental apparatus for testing the transpiration of a single plant root according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple receiving tanks (15) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper cylinder (1). The receiving tanks (15) are provided with first water adsorption particles (16). The sides of the receiving tanks (15) are filter holes or grid structures. The multiple receiving tanks (15) are distributed circumferentially around the inner wall of the upper cylinder (1). Plant supplement lamps (19) are provided between two adjacent receiving tanks (15).

6. The experimental apparatus for testing the transpiration of a single plant root according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top plate (11) has a top cavity at its bottom, and a second moisture adsorption particle (12) is provided in the top cavity. The bottom surface of the top cavity is a filter hole or grid structure.

7. The experimental apparatus for testing the transpiration of a single plant root according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the upper cylinder (1) is provided with a first flange ring, the top of the middle cylinder (2) is provided with a second flange ring, the bottom of the middle cylinder (2) is provided with a third flange ring, and the top of the lower cylinder (3) is provided with a fourth flange ring; the first flange ring is fitted with the second flange ring, and the third flange ring is fitted with the fourth flange ring. It also includes a connecting mechanism, which includes an elastic element (7) and two connecting rods (6); one of the connecting rods (6) passes through the first flange ring and the second flange ring, and the other connecting rod (6) passes through the third flange ring and the fourth flange ring; the two connecting rods (6) are respectively limited by nuts, and the opposite ends of the two connecting rods (6) are respectively fixedly connected to the elastic element (7); the connecting mechanism is provided in multiple ways around the intermediate cylinder (2).

8. The experimental apparatus for testing the transpiration of a single plant root according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top plate (11) is fixedly connected to the water supply pipe (14), the bottom of the water supply pipe (14) is located directly above the culture container (4), and the top of the water supply pipe (14) is fixedly connected to the water supply tank (13).

9. The experimental apparatus for testing the transpiration of a single plant root according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the piston (18) is connected to the top of the spring (17), the bottom of the spring (17) is connected to the top of the drive rod (9), and the drive rod (9) is threaded and passes through the lower base plate (10).

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