Anode iron-carbon pressure drop on-line monitoring device and system for aluminum electrolytic cell
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522089642.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-28
AI Technical Summary
[0004]现有的铁-碳压降测量技术是离线人工检测
[0032]本申请避免了人工在高温强磁环境下的操作风险，解决了人工监测中测点不充分，不能实时在线监测压降的问题。通过在A、B两侧阳极组上交叉设置铁-碳压降测点组，如A侧单数阳极块（A1、A3...）与B侧偶数阳极块（B2、B4...）上铁-碳压降测点组的交叉布局，形成空间上的"棋盘式"分布。这种布置方式可实现覆盖铝电解槽长轴（A/B排）与短轴（单双号）两个维度的电流特征，避免传统人工测量只能局部采样时存在的监测盲区（如槽体端部效应），可以实现基于部分阳极组测点上测得的铁-碳压降，来掌握整个铝电解槽阳极铁-碳压降数据的分布情况。采用测量装置如改造后具有多个表头的电压表或者多个电压传感器、模数转换模块（ADC）、数据处理模块和显示模块可以同时测量并显示多个铁-碳压降。通过嵌入式运算单元，如硬件采样平均电路和算术逻辑单元 (ALU)，可以得到同一阳极组四个铁-碳压降数据的算术平均值，使得数据更为精确，数据传输量更小。
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Figure CN224816399U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of online monitoring technology in aluminum electrolysis production, specifically to an online monitoring device and system for the iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolysis cell. Background Technology
[0002] In the aluminum electrolysis production process, the anode is a crucial component of the aluminum electrolysis cell. Its structure typically consists of anode steel claws and anode carbon blocks bonded together by casting pig iron. The pig iron voltage drop in the cast anode portion accounts for approximately 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the total anode voltage drop. Excessive pig iron voltage drop (iron-carbon voltage drop) will increase the overall anode voltage drop. Accurate measurement of the iron-carbon voltage drop is a core method for reducing energy consumption, detecting abnormal anode current, and preventing equipment failures, directly impacting the economic efficiency and stability of aluminum electrolysis production.
[0003] Large aluminum electrolytic cells (e.g., 400-600kA) are typically configured with 24-48 sets of anodes, each set containing 3-4 anode steel claws, symmetrically distributed to balance the current density. Figure 1 The diagram shows an aluminum electrolysis cell with 48 sets of anodes.
[0004] Existing iron-carbon pressure drop measurement technology is an offline, manual method. When manually measuring iron-carbon pressure drop, operators must hold a test rod and connect a millivoltmeter to each measuring point, repeatedly moving it between different points. Furthermore, manual measurement can only measure the pressure drop between the anode steel claws and the anode carbon block on the outside of the aluminum electrolytic cell. In high-temperature environments, it is difficult to access the inner steel claws, thus preventing the measurement of the pressure drop between the anode steel claws and the anode carbon block on the inside of the aluminum electrolytic cell. This results in limited detection area, limited measuring point coverage, incomplete data, and high physical exertion and inefficiency under high-temperature and strong magnetic conditions. Data acquisition relies on manual reading and recording, making it impossible to simultaneously measure multiple iron-carbon pressure drop values, and the delay caused by manual operation prevents real-time reflection of iron-carbon pressure drop changes.
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new method for detecting the iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an online monitoring device and system for the iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell, which can automatically monitor the iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of the aluminum electrolytic cell in real time.
[0007] To achieve the above solution, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:
[0008] In a first aspect, this application provides an online monitoring device for iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell, used to detect the iron-carbon voltage drop of multiple anode groups in an aluminum electrolytic cell;
[0009] The aluminum electrolytic cell comprises 2N anode groups; where N ≥ 10; the 2N anode groups are symmetrically distributed on both sides A and B.
[0010] The monitoring device includes measuring elements, wires, and measuring devices;
[0011] Iron-carbon pressure drop measurement points are intersected on the anode groups on both sides A and B.
[0012] The measuring points are arranged alternately in rows A and B of the aluminum electrolysis cell. For example, the measuring points are arranged in the odd-numbered anode groups on side A and in the even-numbered anode groups on side B, that is, the measuring points are arranged in the anode groups with the following serial numbers: A1, B2, A3, B4, ..., A(2N-1), B2N.
[0013] For each iron-carbon pressure drop measurement point group, the measuring element includes n first conductive connectors respectively set on n anode steel claws of the anode group and a second conductive connector set on the carbon block of the anode group; the n first conductive connectors and the second conductive connectors are respectively connected to the measuring device through wires; wherein n is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to the number of anode steel claws included in an anode group.
[0014] In one possible implementation, the measuring device is a voltmeter; the voltmeter includes n meter heads and n pairs of terminals; each pair of terminals includes a negative terminal and a positive terminal;
[0015] The n first conductive connectors and the second conductive connectors are respectively connected to the measuring device via wires, including: the n first conductive connectors are respectively connected to the n positive terminals of the voltmeter via wires; the second conductive connectors are respectively connected to the n negative terminals of the voltmeter via wires.
[0016] In one possible implementation, the number of iron-carbon voltage drop measurement point groups is K, where K ≤ N; the measuring device includes M voltage sensors, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a data processing module, and a display module connected in sequence; M = K × n;
[0017] The n first conductive connectors and the second conductive connectors are respectively connected to the measuring device via wires, including: the n first conductive connectors are respectively connected to the positive input terminals of the n voltage sensors via wires; the second conductive connectors are respectively connected to the negative input terminals of the n voltage sensors via wires.
[0018] In one possible implementation, the data processing module includes K embedded computing units, such as hardware sampling averaging circuits and arithmetic logic units (ALUs).
[0019] In one possible implementation, n equals the number of anode claws included in an anode group (e.g., 4).
[0020] For each iron-carbon voltage drop measurement point group, n voltage sensors are connected to the input terminal of an embedded computing unit via an analog-to-digital converter module; the output terminal of the embedded computing unit is connected to an input terminal of a display module to display the average value of the four iron-carbon voltage drops in the iron-carbon voltage drop measurement point group.
[0021] In one possible implementation, the first conductive connector is a conductive ring, an openable conductive clamp, a spring-loaded conductive hoop, or a magnetically adsorbed conductive strip. The first conductive connector is in circumferential contact with the anode steel claw.
[0022] The conductive ring, the openable conductive clamp, the spring-loaded conductive hoop, or the magnetically adsorbed conductive strip can be wound 360 degrees, circumferentially clamped, wrapped around, or circumferentially adsorbed onto the anode steel claw, respectively.
[0023] In one possible implementation, the second conductive connector is a conductive pin or a threaded probe;
[0024] The conductive pin or threaded probe can be driven into or screwed into the carbon block via threads. The screwing depth can be adjusted using the threaded probe.
[0025] The conductive nail is driven into the carbon block 5-8cm from the root of the anode steel claw; the exposed part of the conductive nail is 10-12cm away from the surface of the carbon block.
[0026] Secondly, this application provides an online monitoring system for the iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell, including the aforementioned online monitoring device for the iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell, a wired / wireless transmission module, and a host computer;
[0027] The online monitoring device is connected to the host computer via a wired / wireless transmission module.
[0028] In one possible implementation, the host computer is a PLC.
[0029] In one possible implementation, the host computer includes a storage module for storing iron-carbon pressure drop data obtained by the online monitoring device.
[0030] In one possible implementation, the host computer is connected to an industrial display screen, which dynamically displays the current iron-carbon pressure drop data of the anode group and the historical trend of the iron-carbon pressure drop data.
[0031] Beneficial effects:
[0032] This application avoids the operational risks of manual operation in high-temperature and strong magnetic environments and solves the problem of insufficient measurement points and inability to monitor voltage drop in real time during manual monitoring. By cross-setting iron-carbon voltage drop measurement point groups on the anode groups on both sides A and B, such as the cross-layout of iron-carbon voltage drop measurement point groups on odd-numbered anode blocks (A1, A3...) on side A and even-numbered anode blocks (B2, B4...) on side B, a spatial "chessboard" distribution is formed. This arrangement can cover the current characteristics of both the long axis (A / B rows) and short axis (odd / even numbers) of the aluminum electrolysis cell, avoiding the monitoring blind spots (such as the end effect of the cell) that exist when traditional manual measurement can only sample locally. It can realize the distribution of iron-carbon voltage drop data of the entire aluminum electrolysis cell anode based on the iron-carbon voltage drop measured at some anode group measurement points. Using measuring devices such as a modified voltmeter with multiple meters or multiple voltage sensors, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) module, a data processing module, and a display module, multiple iron-carbon voltage drops can be measured and displayed simultaneously. By using embedded computing units, such as hardware sampling averaging circuits and arithmetic logic units (ALUs), the arithmetic average of four iron-carbon voltage drop data for the same anode group can be obtained, making the data more accurate and reducing the amount of data transmission. Attached Figure Description
[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the arrangement of 48 anode groups in an aluminum electrolytic cell;
[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the measurement principle of iron-carbon pressure drop data for the four anode claws of the same anode group. Detailed Implementation
[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solution of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.
[0036] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.
[0037] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," "linked," and "socketing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0038] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the character " / " indicates that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.
[0039] The following will refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A specific implementation method according to this application is described.
[0040] Example 1:
[0041] This application provides an online monitoring device for iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell, used to detect the iron-carbon voltage drop of multiple anode groups in an aluminum electrolytic cell;
[0042] The aluminum electrolytic cell comprises 2N anode groups; where N ≥ 10; the 2N anode groups are symmetrically distributed on both sides A and B.
[0043] The monitoring device includes measuring elements, wires, and measuring devices;
[0044] Iron-carbon pressure drop measurement points are intersected on the anode groups on both sides A and B.
[0045] The measuring points are arranged alternately in rows A and B of the aluminum electrolysis cell. For example, the measuring points are arranged in the odd-numbered anode groups on side A and in the even-numbered anode groups on side B, that is, the measuring points are arranged in the anode groups with the following serial numbers: A1, B2, A3, B4, ..., A(2N-1), B2N.
[0046] For each iron-carbon pressure drop measurement point group, the measuring element includes n first conductive connectors respectively set on n anode steel claws of the anode group and a second conductive connector set on the carbon block of the anode group; the n first conductive connectors and the second conductive connectors are respectively connected to the measuring device through wires; wherein n is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to the number of anode steel claws included in an anode group.
[0047] In some embodiments, the measuring device is a voltmeter; the voltmeter includes n meter heads and n pairs of terminals; each pair of terminals includes a negative terminal and a positive terminal;
[0048] The n first conductive connectors and the second conductive connectors are respectively connected to the measuring device via wires, including: the n first conductive connectors are respectively connected to the n positive terminals of the voltmeter via wires; the second conductive connectors are respectively connected to the n negative terminals of the voltmeter via wires.
[0049] In some embodiments, the specific implementation of this embodiment includes:
[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, firstly, anode measuring points are selected on the aluminum electrolytic cell. The aluminum electrolytic cell has 48 anode groups, each containing four anode claws. This technical solution uses a subset of measuring points from each anode group to represent the anode voltage drop of the entire aluminum electrolytic cell. Secondly, conductive rings are wrapped around the four anode claws. A conductive nail is driven into the carbon block 5-8 cm from the base of the anode claw, with the exposed portion of the conductive nail 10-12 cm from the surface of the carbon block. Then, the voltmeter is modified by assembling four meter heads into a single voltmeter with four positive and negative terminals, enabling simultaneous measurement of four voltage values. The four positive and negative terminals are connected to the four anode claws and the carbon block of one anode group, respectively. Conductive rings are wrapped around the surface of the anode claws to conduct the current, and conductive nails are driven into the carbon block to conduct the current. This allows for the simultaneous measurement and display of four iron-carbon voltage drop values.
[0051] In some embodiments, the number of iron-carbon voltage drop measurement point groups is K, where K≤N; the measuring device includes M voltage sensors, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a data processing module, and a display module connected in sequence; M=K×n;
[0052] The n first conductive connectors and the second conductive connectors are respectively connected to the measuring device via wires, including: the n first conductive connectors are respectively connected to the positive input terminals of the n voltage sensors via wires; the second conductive connectors are respectively connected to the negative input terminals of the n voltage sensors via wires.
[0053] In some embodiments, the data processing module includes K embedded computing units, such as hardware sampling averaging circuits and arithmetic logic units (ALUs);
[0054] In some embodiments, n is equal to the number of anode claws included in an anode group (e.g., 4).
[0055] For each iron-carbon voltage drop measurement point group, n voltage sensors are connected to the input terminal of an embedded computing unit via an analog-to-digital converter module; the output terminal of the embedded computing unit is connected to an input terminal of a display module to display the average value of the four iron-carbon voltage drops in the iron-carbon voltage drop measurement point group.
[0056] It should be understood that the hardware sampling averaging circuit described here is existing technology. Using a hardware sampling averaging circuit can obtain the average value of n iron-carbon voltage drops (such as the four iron-carbon voltage drops corresponding to the four anode claws of an anode group), thus providing higher precision iron-carbon voltage drop data and reducing the amount of data transmitted to the host computer. In some existing technologies, the hardware sampling averaging circuit can accumulate up to 64 sampling results and calculate the average value, using this average value as the data for a single sample and writing it into one cell of the sequence generator FIFO.
[0057] The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a prior art device, a circuit board embedded in a computer's central processing unit (CPU). It uses gateways made of transistors to perform mathematical and logical operations; these gateways can transmit signals of 0 and 1. The ALU can perform basic mathematical operations frequently used in computers, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
[0058] In some embodiments, the first conductive connector is a conductive ring, an openable conductive clamp, a spring-loaded conductive hoop, or a magnetically adsorbed conductive strip. The first conductive connector is in circumferential contact with the anode steel claw.
[0059] The conductive ring, the openable conductive clamp, the spring-loaded conductive hoop, or the magnetically adsorbed conductive strip can be wound 360 degrees, circumferentially clamped, wrapped around, or circumferentially adsorbed onto the anode steel claw, respectively.
[0060] In some embodiments, the second conductive connector is a conductive nail or a threaded probe;
[0061] The conductive pin or threaded probe can be driven into or screwed into the carbon block via threads. The screwing depth can be adjusted using the threaded probe.
[0062] The conductive nail is driven into the carbon block 5-8cm from the root of the anode steel claw; the exposed part of the conductive nail is 10-12cm away from the surface of the carbon block.
[0063] Example 2:
[0064] This application provides an online monitoring system for the iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell, including the aforementioned online monitoring device for the iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell, a wired / wireless transmission module, and a host computer;
[0065] The online monitoring device is connected to the host computer via a wired / wireless transmission module.
[0066] In some embodiments, the host computer is a PLC.
[0067] In some embodiments, the host computer includes a storage module for storing iron-carbon pressure drop data obtained by the online monitoring device.
[0068] In some embodiments, the host computer is connected to an industrial display screen, which is used to dynamically display the current iron-carbon pressure drop data of the anode group and the historical trend of the iron-carbon pressure drop data.
[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. An online monitoring device for iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell, wherein the aluminum electrolytic cell comprises 2N anode groups; wherein N ≥ 10; the 2N anode groups are symmetrically distributed on both sides A and B; characterized in that, The monitoring device includes measuring elements, wires, and measuring devices; Iron-carbon pressure drop measurement points are intersected on the anode groups on both sides A and B. For each iron-carbon pressure drop measurement point group, the measuring element includes n first conductive connectors respectively set on n anode steel claws of the anode group and a second conductive connector set on the carbon block of the anode group; the n first conductive connectors and the second conductive connectors are respectively connected to the measuring device through wires; wherein n is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to the number of anode steel claws included in an anode group.
2. The online monitoring device for iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring points are arranged on the odd-numbered anode group on side A and the even-numbered anode group on side B of the aluminum electrolysis cell.
3. The online monitoring device for iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring device is a voltmeter; the voltmeter includes n meter heads and n pairs of terminals; each pair of terminals includes one negative terminal and one positive terminal. The n first conductive connectors and the second conductive connectors are respectively connected to the measuring device via wires, including: the n first conductive connectors are respectively connected to the n positive terminals of the voltmeter via wires; The second conductive connector is connected to each of the n negative terminals of the voltmeter via wires.
4. The online monitoring device for iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of iron-carbon pressure drop measurement points set is K, where K≤N; The measuring device includes M voltage sensors, an analog-to-digital converter, a data processing module, and a display module connected in sequence; M = K × n; The n first conductive connectors and the second conductive connectors are respectively connected to the measuring device via wires, including: the n first conductive connectors are respectively connected to the positive input terminals of the n voltage sensors via wires; The second conductive connector is connected to the negative input terminals of n voltage sensors via wires.
5. The online monitoring device for iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 4, characterized in that, The data processing module includes K embedded computing units; The embedded computing unit consists of a hardware sampling and averaging circuit and an arithmetic logic unit. n equals the number of anode claws included in an anode group.
6. The online monitoring device for iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conductive connector is a conductive ring, an openable conductive clamp, a spring-loaded conductive hoop, or a magnetically adsorbed conductive strip; the first conductive connector is in circumferential contact with the anode steel claw.
7. The online monitoring device for iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second conductive connector is a conductive nail.
8. The online monitoring device for iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 7, characterized in that, The conductive nail is driven into the carbon block 5-8cm from the root of the anode steel claw; the exposed part of the conductive nail is 10-12cm away from the surface of the carbon block.
9. An online monitoring system for iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell, characterized in that, Includes the online monitoring device for iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of the aluminum electrolysis cell, as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, a wired / wireless transmission module, and a host computer; The online monitoring device is connected to the host computer via a wired / wireless transmission module.
10. The online monitoring device for iron-carbon voltage drop at the anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 9, characterized in that, The host computer is a PLC.