A comprehensive test system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive

Abstract

The utility model relates to railway locomotive test system technical field discloses a kind of comprehensive test system of railway locomotive power supply environment simulation, including STC12C5A60S2 single-chip microcontroller, the STC12C5A60S2 single-chip microcontroller is electrically connected with power supply simulation unit, display module, isolation unit, the isolation unit is electrically connected with the power supply simulation unit, the power supply simulation unit includes BI224LS-1W module, LM2575-5V module and HT7533 module.In the utility model, by BI224LS-1W module, LM2575-5V module and HT7533 module, it is output into the voltage of +48V, +5V and 3.3V with +12V voltage, avoid the uncertainty factor such as voltage fluctuation, electromagnetic interference caused by external power supply, ensure that each module is always in standard power supply environment, so that test data truly reflects equipment performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of railway locomotive testing systems, and in particular to a comprehensive testing system for simulating the power supply environment of railway locomotives. Background Technology

[0002] The comprehensive testing system for simulating the power supply environment of railway locomotives is mainly used to simulate various complex power supply conditions during railway locomotive operation in a laboratory environment, including different voltage levels, frequency fluctuations, harmonic interference, etc. This allows for performance testing, fault diagnosis, and reliability verification of locomotive onboard equipment and power supply system components. By accurately reproducing the actual power supply environment, the system can effectively avoid the safety risks and high costs associated with testing on real operating lines, helping R&D and maintenance personnel to identify potential equipment problems in advance and improve the safety and stability of railway locomotive power supply systems.

[0003] However, existing comprehensive testing systems for railway locomotive power supply environments have many limitations. While some systems can directly generate locomotive signals, the lack of effective voltage isolation and signal conditioning mechanisms leads to significant waveform distortion and electromagnetic interference in the output signals, making it difficult to realistically simulate locomotive power supply characteristics. Some systems rely on external locomotive power supplies as input sources, which not only increases the complexity of the testing process and equipment deployment costs but may also affect the accuracy and repeatability of test results due to the instability of the external power supply itself. Furthermore, existing systems mostly use a single signal generation module, which cannot simultaneously simulate multiple voltage levels and dynamically changing power supply scenarios, making it difficult to meet the diverse and complex testing needs of railway locomotives. Therefore, a comprehensive testing system for simulating the railway locomotive power supply environment is proposed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a comprehensive testing system for simulating the power supply environment of railway locomotives. It aims to improve the existing comprehensive testing system for simulating the power supply environment of railway locomotives, which cannot simultaneously simulate multiple voltage levels and whose test results are affected by the instability of external power supply.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A comprehensive test system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive includes an STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller, which is electrically connected to a power supply simulation unit, a display module, and an isolation unit. The isolation unit is electrically connected to the power supply simulation unit. The power supply simulation unit includes a BI224LS-1W module. The input terminal of the BI224LS-1W module is connected to +12V, and the output terminal of the BI224LS-1W module outputs a +48V analog voltage after being divided by a series resistor.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: The power supply simulation unit also includes an LM2575-5V module and an HT7533 module. The input terminal of the LM2575-5V module is connected to +12V, and the output terminal of the LM2575-5V module outputs +5V after filtering by an inductor and capacitor. The LM2575-5V module is electrically connected to the HT7533 module. The +5V output of the LM2575-5V module is connected to the input terminal of the HT7533 module and converted to output 3.3V. The +5V supplies power to the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller and isolation unit, and the 3.3V supplies power to the display module. As a further description of the above technical solution: The clock terminal XTAL1 of the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller is connected to a 12M crystal oscillator, and the two ends of the 12M crystal oscillator are grounded through capacitors to form a clock oscillation circuit. As a further description of the above technical solution: The input terminal of the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller is connected to a 74AC14M inverter for shaping, the output terminal of the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller is connected to an M74HC14MIR inverter, and the output terminal of the M74HC14MIR inverter is connected to a button control module. As a further description of the above technical solution: The display module includes an LCM320X240 LCD screen. The signal terminal of the LCM320X240 LCD screen is connected to an M74HC07M1R chip. The input terminal of the M74HC07M1R chip is electrically connected to the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller. The power supply terminal of the M74HC07M1R chip is connected to a 3.3V power supply. As a further description of the above technical solution: The button control module interfaces KEY_IN1-KEY_IN4 are connected to external buttons; As a further description of the above technical solution: The isolation unit includes a TLP521 optocoupler, the input terminal of which is connected to a diode and a resistor, and the output terminal of which is grounded and electrically connected to the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller. As a further description of the above technical solution: The STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller is electrically connected to a transistor Q1, which is electrically connected to a relay K1. The contacts of the relay K1 are connected to an external controlled device.

[0007] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this utility model, the +12V voltage is output as +48V, +5V and 3.3V through the BI224LS-1W module, LM2575-5V module and HT7533 module, thereby realizing the voltage supply for different modules, while reducing the instability of external power supply and improving the accuracy of test results.

[0008] 2. In this utility model, the signal from the external high-voltage side is isolated and converted by the TLP521 optocoupler, diode, and resistor before being transmitted to the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller. At the same time, the control signal output by the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller is also isolated and transmitted to the controlled device on the high-voltage side. This avoids high-voltage interference affecting the normal operation of the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller and other low-voltage modules, thus achieving strong and weak current isolation and ensuring system safety and accurate signal transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of a comprehensive testing system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive, as proposed in this utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the +48V voltage conversion architecture of the power simulation unit of a comprehensive test system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive, as proposed in this utility model. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the +5V voltage conversion architecture of the power simulation unit of a comprehensive test system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive, as proposed in this utility model. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a 12MHz crystal oscillator for a comprehensive test system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive, as proposed in this utility model. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the display module architecture of a comprehensive test system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive, as proposed in this utility model. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the isolation unit of a comprehensive test system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive, as proposed in this utility model. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transistor Q1 in a comprehensive test system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive, as proposed in this utility model. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the key control module of a comprehensive test system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive, as proposed in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0010] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0011] Reference Figures 1-7 The present invention provides an embodiment of a comprehensive test system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive, comprising an STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller. The STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller is electrically connected to a power supply simulation unit, a display module, and an isolation unit. The isolation unit is electrically connected to the power supply simulation unit. The power supply simulation unit includes a BI224LS-1W module. The input terminal of the BI224LS-1W module is connected to +12V, and the output terminal of the BI224LS-1W module outputs a +48V simulated voltage after being divided by a series resistor. Specifically, using the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller as the core control unit, and in coordination with the power simulation unit, display module, isolation unit, and button control module, the system simulates the power supply environment of railway locomotives. The modules are connected and interact with each other through reasonable circuits to build a complete test system. The BI224LS-1W module is connected to a +12V power supply at its input terminal. Utilizing its own voltage conversion characteristics, the output terminal can accurately output a +48V simulated voltage after being divided by a series resistor. This voltage is used to simulate the high-voltage power supply environment under specific operating conditions of railway locomotives, providing voltage support for subsequent high-voltage testing.

[0012] Reference Figures 1-7 The power supply simulation unit also includes an LM2575-5V module and an HT7533 module. The input terminal of the LM2575-5V module is connected to +12V, and the output terminal of the LM2575-5V module is filtered by an inductor and a capacitor to output +5V. The LM2575-5V module is electrically connected to the HT7533 module. The +5V output of the LM2575-5V module is connected to the input terminal of the HT7533 module and converted to output 3.3V. The +5V powers the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller and the isolation unit, and the 3.3V powers the display module. Specifically, the LM2575-5V module's input is connected to a +12V power supply, and its output is filtered by a filter circuit composed of inductors and capacitors to stably output a +5V voltage. This +5V voltage powers the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller, ensuring the operation of its core control functions, and also powers the isolation unit, maintaining its signal isolation and conversion capabilities. The HT7533 module is electrically connected to the LM2575-5V module, and the +5V output from the LM2575-5V module is connected to the input of the HT7533 module. The HT7533 module converts and outputs a 3.3V voltage through linear regulation, which powers the display module and ensures its stable operation.

[0013] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 The STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller's clock input XTAL1 is connected to a 12MHz crystal oscillator. The two ends of the 12MHz crystal oscillator are grounded through capacitors to form a clock oscillation circuit. The 12MHz crystal oscillator provides the basic operating clock signal for the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller. The capacitors play a role in stabilizing the oscillation frequency and filtering and reducing noise, enabling the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller to execute instructions according to a fixed timing sequence, ensuring the orderly operation of all system functions.

[0014] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 8 The input terminal of the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller is connected to a 74AC14M inverter for shaping, and the output terminal of the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller is connected to an M74HC14MIR inverter. The output terminal of the M74HC14MIR inverter is connected to a button control module. Specifically, the externally input digital signal is first shaped by a 74AC14M inverter. The 74AC14M inverter can optimize the signal level and waveform, remove noise and interference from the signal, and convert irregular signals into standard digital signals that meet the input requirements of the microcontroller, ensuring that the microcontroller accurately receives and recognizes external input information. The control signal output by the microcontroller is then transmitted to the button control module after being level-converted and enhanced by an M74HC14MIR inverter, providing a stable and effective control signal for the button control module.

[0015] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5The display module uses an LCM320X240 LCD screen to intuitively display system operating status, test data, and other information. The signal terminal of the LCM320X240 LCD screen is connected to an M74HC07M1R chip. The input terminal of the M74HC07M1R chip is electrically connected to an STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller to receive display control signals sent by the microcontroller. The power supply terminal of the M74HC07M1R chip is connected to a 3.3V power supply provided by an HT7533 module to ensure the normal operation of the chip and thus drive the LCM320X240 LCD screen to accurately display relevant content.

[0016] Reference Figure 8 The button control module interfaces KEY_IN1-KEY_IN4 are connected to external buttons; Specifically, operators can input control commands into the system by pressing different buttons, such as starting a test, switching test modes, and setting parameters. After these commands are input via buttons, they are transmitted to the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller connected to the M74HC14MIR inverter. The STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller parses and executes the corresponding operations to realize the human-machine interaction function.

[0017] Reference Figure 6 The isolation unit includes a TLP521 optocoupler. The input terminal of the TLP521 optocoupler is connected to a diode and a resistor. The output terminal of the TLP521 optocoupler is grounded and electrically connected to the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller. Specifically, the isolation unit uses a TLP521 optocoupler to isolate strong and weak currents, ensuring system safety and accurate signal transmission. Diodes prevent reverse voltage from damaging the optocoupler, and resistors limit current, ensuring the optocoupler input operates within a suitable current range. Signals from the external high-voltage side are isolated and converted before being transmitted to the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller. Simultaneously, control signals output from the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller are isolated before being transmitted to the high-voltage controlled equipment, preventing high-voltage interference from affecting the normal operation of the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller and other low-voltage modules.

[0018] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 7 The STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller is electrically connected to transistor Q1, which is electrically connected to relay K1. The contacts of relay K1 are connected to an external controlled device. Specifically, transistor Q1 switches between on and off states based on the control signal output by the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller, thereby controlling the energization of the relay K1 coil. When the relay coil is energized, the contacts close, which can control the power supply of external controlled devices or the switching of their operating modes, thus simulating the working state of the equipment under the power supply environment of a railway locomotive.

[0019] Working principle: After the system is powered on, the power supply simulation unit starts working first. The BI224LS-1W module outputs +48V, the LM2575-5V module outputs +5V, and the HT7533 module outputs 3.3V, which power the corresponding modules respectively. The STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller initializes under the timing provided by the clock circuit, completing internal register settings and port configurations. External signals are shaped by a 74AC14M inverter before being input to the microcontroller, which processes and calculates the signals. If display is required, the M74HC07M1R chip drives the LCM320X240 LCD screen to display the corresponding content. If external devices need to be controlled, after the signal is processed by the M74HC14MIR inverter, manual commands can be received through the button control module, or control signals can be directly output. These signals are then used to control external controlled devices via transistor Q1 and relay K1. During signal transmission, the isolation unit continuously isolates and converts strong and weak electrical signals to ensure stable system operation. This enables the simulation testing of the railway locomotive power supply environment and the testing and verification of related equipment.

[0020] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A comprehensive testing system for simulating the power supply environment of railway locomotives, characterized in that: It includes an STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller, which is electrically connected to a power simulation unit, a display module, and an isolation unit. The isolation unit is electrically connected to the power simulation unit. The power supply simulation unit includes a BI224LS-1W module. The input terminal of the BI224LS-1W module is connected to +12V, and the output terminal of the BI224LS-1W module outputs a +48V analog voltage after being divided by a series resistor.

2. The comprehensive testing system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply simulation unit also includes an LM2575-5V module and an HT7533 module. The input terminal of the LM2575-5V module is connected to +12V, and the output terminal of the LM2575-5V module outputs +5V after filtering by an inductor and capacitor. The LM2575-5V module is electrically connected to the HT7533 module. The +5V output of the LM2575-5V module is connected to the input terminal of the HT7533 module and converted to output 3.3V. The +5V supplies power to the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller and isolation unit, and the 3.3V supplies power to the display module.

3. The comprehensive testing system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clock terminal XTAL1 of the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller is connected to a 12MHz crystal oscillator, and the two ends of the 12MHz crystal oscillator are grounded through capacitors to form a clock oscillation circuit.

4. The comprehensive testing system for simulating the power supply environment of railway locomotives according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input terminal of the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller is connected to a 74AC14M inverter for shaping, the output terminal of the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller is connected to an M74HC14MIR inverter, and the output terminal of the M74HC14MIR inverter is connected to a button control module.

5. The comprehensive testing system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display module includes an LCM320X240 LCD screen. The signal terminal of the LCM320X240 LCD screen is connected to an M74HC07M1R chip. The input terminal of the M74HC07M1R chip is electrically connected to the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller. The power supply terminal of the M74HC07M1R chip is connected to a 3.3V power supply.

6. The comprehensive testing system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive according to claim 4, characterized in that: The button control module interfaces KEY_IN1-KEY_IN4 are connected to external buttons.

7. The comprehensive testing system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation unit includes a TLP521 optocoupler. The input terminal of the TLP521 optocoupler is connected to a diode and a resistor. The output terminal of the TLP521 optocoupler is grounded and electrically connected to the STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller.

8. The comprehensive testing system for simulating the power supply environment of a railway locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller is electrically connected to a transistor Q1, which is electrically connected to a relay K1. The contacts of the relay K1 are connected to an external controlled device.

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