Liquid cooling plate, energy storage device and power utilization system

Abstract

The application provides a liquid cooling plate, an energy storage device and an electric system. The liquid cooling plate comprises a flat plate, a first flow channel plate and a second flow channel plate. The flat plate is provided with a liquid inlet. The first flow channel plate is provided with a first liquid flow channel. The first liquid flow channel comprises a first flow channel region and a second flow channel region. The first flow channel region and the second flow channel region are communicated. The liquid inlet is communicated with the first flow channel region. The second flow channel region is located on the side of the first flow channel region away from the liquid inlet. The second flow channel plate is arranged between the first flow channel plate and the flat plate. The second flow channel plate is provided with a second liquid flow channel. The second liquid flow channel comprises a third flow channel region. Part of the third flow channel region is opposite to the second flow channel region. The thermal resistance of the front end of the liquid cooling plate is higher, and the thermal resistance of the rear end is lower. The two are complementary. The cooling liquid can more evenly absorb the heat of the front end and the rear end of the battery module in the entire liquid cooling plate flow channel system, the temperature difference between the front end and the rear end of the battery module is reduced, and the use performance and the service life of the battery module are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, specifically to a liquid cooling plate, an energy storage device, and an electrical system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development and progress of the new energy industry, new energy electric vehicles have become the choice of more and more people. As the core part of new energy, the safety performance of the power battery pack is the most critical. The battery pack generally includes a box, battery modules set in the box, and a liquid cooling plate. The liquid cooling plate is set at the bottom of the box and is used to cool the battery modules.

[0003] In the liquid cooling plates of related technologies, the temperature of the cooling liquid near the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling plate is lower and the heat exchange capacity is higher. Due to heat exchange along the flow path, the temperature of the cooling liquid in the flow channel far from the liquid inlet is higher and the heat exchange capacity is lower. This results in inconsistent heat exchange capacity between the front and rear areas of the liquid cooling plate, which can easily lead to a large temperature difference between the front and rear of the battery module, thereby affecting the performance and service life of the battery module. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a liquid cooling plate, an energy storage device, and an electrical system to solve the technical problem in the related technology that the heat exchange capacity of the front and rear areas of the liquid cooling plate is inconsistent, which easily leads to a large temperature difference between the front and rear of the battery module, thereby affecting the performance and service life of the battery module.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a liquid cooling plate for dissipating heat from a battery module, the liquid cooling plate comprising: A flat plate, which is fitted to the battery module, and has a liquid inlet on the flat plate; A first flow channel plate is provided with a first liquid flow channel. The first liquid flow channel includes a first flow channel region and a second flow channel region arranged along a first direction. The first flow channel region and the second flow channel region are connected. The liquid inlet is connected to the first flow channel region. The second flow channel region is located on the side of the first flow channel region away from the liquid inlet. A second flow channel plate is disposed between the first flow channel plate and the flat plate. The second flow channel plate is provided with a second liquid flow channel, and the second liquid flow channel includes a third flow channel region, at least a portion of which is directly opposite the second flow channel region.

[0006] In the liquid cooling plate provided in this application, a flat plate is attached to a battery module. The flat plate is provided with a liquid inlet. A first liquid flow channel is provided on a first flow channel plate. The first liquid flow channel includes a first flow channel region and a second flow channel region arranged along a first direction. The first flow channel region and the second flow channel region are connected. The liquid inlet is connected to the first flow channel region. The second flow channel region is located on the side of the first flow channel region away from the liquid inlet. A second flow channel plate is disposed between the first flow channel plate and the flat plate. The second flow channel plate is provided with a second liquid flow channel. The second liquid flow channel includes a third flow channel region. At least a portion of the third flow channel region is directly opposite the second flow channel region. The heat transfer path at the front end of the battery module is as follows: battery module, flat plate, second flow channel plate (not the third flow channel area, without effective coolant), first flow channel area of ​​the first flow channel plate (with coolant). The liquid cooling plate naturally forms a reasonable thermal resistance in the front end area, avoiding excessive heat dissipation. The heat transfer path at the rear end of the battery module is as follows: battery module, flat plate, third flow channel area of ​​the second flow channel plate (with coolant), second flow channel area of ​​the first flow channel plate (with coolant). The liquid cooling plate significantly reduces thermal resistance in the rear end area through a dual cooling path. The front end of the liquid cooling plate has higher thermal resistance and the rear end has lower thermal resistance, which complements each other. This allows the coolant to absorb heat from the front and rear ends of the battery module more evenly throughout the flow channel system of the liquid cooling plate, ultimately reducing the temperature difference between the front and rear ends of the battery module, improving heat dissipation uniformity, and thus improving the performance and lifespan of the battery module.

[0007] The second flow channel plate further includes a thermal resistance region, which and the third flow channel region are arranged along the first direction. The thermal resistance region and the third flow channel region are spaced apart, and at least a portion of the thermal resistance region is directly opposite the first flow channel region.

[0008] The thermal resistance region includes an airflow channel containing air.

[0009] The second flow channel plate is provided with a through hole, which is located in the second liquid flow channel. The through hole is connected to the first liquid flow channel and the second liquid flow channel respectively, and the through hole is provided corresponding to the liquid inlet.

[0010] Wherein, the height of the second liquid flow channel is H1, the height of the first liquid flow channel is H2, and the ratio of H1 to H2 is α: wherein α satisfies: 0.25≤α≤0.75.

[0011] The first liquid flow channel includes a fourth flow channel region and a fifth flow channel region. The fourth flow channel region and the fifth flow channel region are located on both sides of the first flow channel plate along a second direction. The liquid inlet is located at the junction of the fourth flow channel region and the fifth flow channel region in the orthographic projection of the first flow channel plate.

[0012] The fourth flow channel region includes a first main flow channel, a first sub-flow channel region, and a second sub-flow channel region. The first main flow channel extends along the first direction, and the first sub-flow channel region and the second sub-flow channel region are arranged along the first direction. The first sub-flow channel region and the second sub-flow channel region are respectively connected to the first main flow channel. The fifth flow channel region includes a second main flow channel, a third sub-flow channel region, and a fourth sub-flow channel region. The second main flow channel extends along the first direction, and the third and fourth sub-flow channel regions are arranged along the first direction. The third and fourth sub-flow channel regions are respectively connected to the second main flow channel.

[0013] The first liquid flow channel further includes a reflux zone, which is located between the fourth flow channel region and the fifth flow channel region. The reflux zone includes a reflux channel, which connects the first sub-flow channel region, the second sub-flow channel region, the third sub-flow channel region, and the fourth sub-flow channel region respectively.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides an energy storage device, which includes a battery module and the liquid cooling plate, wherein the liquid cooling plate is disposed in conjunction with the battery module.

[0015] Thirdly, this application provides an electrical system, which includes electrical equipment and the energy storage device, wherein the energy storage device is used to supply power to the electrical equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid cooling plate provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a liquid cooling plate provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first flow channel plate provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second flow channel plate provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a liquid cooling plate corresponding to the liquid inlet portion, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second flow channel plate provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first flow channel plate provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first flow channel plate provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a circuit block diagram of an electrical system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Label Explanation: Liquid cooling plate 100, flat plate 10, liquid inlet 11, first flow channel plate 20, first liquid flow channel 21, first flow channel region 211, second flow channel region 212, fourth flow channel region 23, first main flow channel 231, first sub-flow channel region 232, second sub-flow channel region 233, fifth flow channel region 24, second main flow channel 241, third sub-flow channel region 242, fourth sub-flow channel region 243, return flow channel 25, liquid outlet 26, second flow channel plate 30, second liquid flow channel 31, third flow channel region 311, first direction D1, second direction D2, thermal resistance region 32, air flow channel 321, through hole 33, battery module 200, energy storage device 1000, power system 10000, electrical equipment 2000. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0020] In this specification, for convenience, terms such as "middle," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" are used to indicate orientation or positional relationships in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This is solely for the purpose of facilitating the description and simplification, and does not imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this disclosure. The positional relationships of the constituent elements may be appropriately varied depending on the orientation of the constituent elements being described. Therefore, the use of terms not limited to those described in the specification may be appropriately replaced as needed.

[0021] In this specification, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection via an intermediate component, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the meaning of these terms in this disclosure as appropriate.

[0022] With the development and progress of the new energy industry, new energy electric vehicles have become the choice of more and more people. As the core part of new energy, the safety performance of the power battery pack is the most critical. The battery pack generally includes a box, battery modules set in the box, and a liquid cooling plate. The liquid cooling plate is set at the bottom of the box and is used to cool the battery modules.

[0023] In the liquid cooling plates of related technologies, the temperature of the cooling liquid near the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling plate is lower and the heat exchange capacity is higher. Due to heat exchange along the flow path, the temperature of the cooling liquid in the flow channel far from the liquid inlet is higher and the heat exchange capacity is lower. This results in inconsistent heat exchange capacity between the front and rear areas of the liquid cooling plate, which can easily lead to a large temperature difference between the front and rear of the battery module, thereby affecting the performance and service life of the battery module.

[0024] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid cooling plate provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a liquid cooling plate provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first flow channel plate provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second flow channel plate provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 .

[0025] The purpose of this application is to provide a liquid cooling plate 100 for heat dissipation of a battery module 200, in order to solve the technical problem of inconsistent heat exchange capacity between the front and rear areas of the liquid cooling plate in related technologies, which easily leads to a large temperature difference between the front and rear of the battery module, thereby affecting the performance and service life of the battery module.

[0026] The liquid cooling plate 100 includes a flat plate 10, a first flow channel plate 20, and a second flow channel plate 30. The flat plate 10 is fitted to the battery module 200 and has a liquid inlet 11. The first flow channel plate 20 has a first liquid flow channel 21, which includes a first flow channel region 211 and a second flow channel region 212 disposed along a first direction D1. The first flow channel region 211 and the second flow channel region 212 are connected. The liquid inlet 11 is connected to the first flow channel region 211, and the second flow channel region 212 is located on the side of the first flow channel region 211 away from the liquid inlet 11. The second flow channel plate 30 is disposed between the first flow channel plate 20 and the flat plate 10. The second flow channel plate 30 has a second liquid flow channel 31, which includes a third flow channel region 311, at least a portion of which is directly opposite the second flow channel region 212.

[0027] The liquid cooling plate 100 adopts a three-layer stacked bonding structure, and the order from the heat receiving end (one side of the battery module 200) to the cooling end is as follows: the flat plate 10, the second flow channel plate 30, and the first flow channel plate 20. The flat plate 10, the second flow channel plate 30, and the first flow channel plate 20 are fixed by laser welding or adhesive sealing to form the liquid cooling plate 100 as a whole.

[0028] The liquid cooling plate 100 includes the flat plate 10. Specifically, the flat plate 10 is directly attached to the surface of the battery module 200 (including but not limited to the bottom, top, or other parts of the battery module 200). The flat plate 10 is the first contact surface for heat transfer from the battery module 200 to the outside. The heat generated by the battery module 200 during operation is quickly conducted to the underlying flow channel layer through the flat plate 10.

[0029] Furthermore, the liquid inlet 11 on the plate 10 is close to the front end of the battery module 200 and precisely docks with the first flow channel area 211 of the first flow channel plate 20, ensuring that the coolant can flow directly into the front flow channel and provide sufficient cooling source for front heat dissipation.

[0030] The liquid cooling plate 100 further includes a first flow channel plate 20, which is located at the bottom of the three-layer structure. The first flow channel plate 20 is provided with a first liquid flow channel 21, which extends along a first direction D1 of coolant flow (from the inlet 11 to the rear end of the battery module 200). The first liquid flow channel 21 includes a first flow channel region 211 and a second flow channel region 212, which are arranged along the first direction D1. That is, the first flow channel region 211 is the front flow channel region, corresponding to the front end of the battery module 200, and the second flow channel region 212 is the rear flow channel region, corresponding to the rear end of the battery module 200.

[0031] It should be noted that in the first liquid flow channel 21 on the first flow channel plate 20, the first flow channel region 211 is directly connected to the liquid inlet 11. The temperature is lowest and the heat exchange capacity is strongest when the coolant just flows in. The second flow channel region 212 is the end of the coolant flow, and its heat exchange capacity is weaker than that of the first flow channel region 211. If the liquid cooling plate 100 is only provided with the first flow channel plate 20 (existing technology), the heat exchange capacity of the rear end of the liquid cooling plate 100 will be weaker than that of the front end. The area of ​​the liquid cooling plate 100 near the liquid inlet 11 is the front end, and the area away from the liquid inlet 11 is the rear end. This should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0032] The liquid cooling plate 100 further includes a second flow channel plate 30, which is sandwiched between the flat plate 10 and the first flow channel plate 20. The second flow channel plate 30 is provided with a third flow channel region 311, which is at least partially opposite to the second flow channel region 212 (rear end) of the first flow channel plate 20. After the heat from the rear end of the battery module 200 is transferred to the flat plate 10, it will be simultaneously conducted to the third flow channel region 311 of the second flow channel plate 30 and the second flow channel region 212 of the first flow channel plate 20, forming a dual cooling path to improve the heat exchange capacity of the rear end of the liquid cooling plate 100.

[0033] The liquid cooling plate 100 naturally forms a reasonable thermal resistance in the front-end region to avoid excessive heat dissipation. Specifically, the heat transfer path at the front end of the battery module 200 is: battery module 200, plate 10, second flow channel plate 30 (excluding the third flow channel region 311, which has no effective coolant), and the first flow channel region 211 of the first flow channel plate 20 (containing coolant). In this path, the second flow channel plate 30, excluding the third flow channel region 311, has no flowing coolant, low thermal conductivity, and high thermal resistance, which moderately inhibits the heat dissipation efficiency of the front end of the liquid cooling plate 100, preventing the battery module 200 from overheating due to excessively low coolant temperature. It should be noted that thermal resistance is the degree of obstruction to heat transfer; the lower the thermal resistance, the higher the heat transfer efficiency.

[0034] The liquid cooling plate 100 significantly reduces thermal resistance in the rear-end region through a dual cooling path. Specifically, the heat transfer path at the rear end of the battery module 200 is: the battery module 200, the plate 10, the third flow channel region 311 of the second flow channel plate 30 (containing coolant), and the second flow channel region 212 of the first flow channel plate 20 (containing coolant). Both paths in the heat transfer path at the rear end of the battery module 200 use coolant as the heat transfer medium, and the parallel dual paths reduce the obstruction of heat transfer (the overall thermal resistance at the rear end of the liquid cooling plate 100 is significantly lower than that at the front end). Even if the coolant at the rear end of the liquid cooling plate 100 experiences a slight decrease in flow rate due to the increased temperature along the heat exchange path, the low thermal resistance and dual heat exchange can compensate for the decrease in heat dissipation capacity, ensuring that the heat dissipation efficiency at the rear end of the battery module 200 is consistent with that at the front end.

[0035] In summary, the liquid cooling plate 100 of this application has a high front-end thermal resistance and a low rear-end thermal resistance, which complement each other: the front end will not dissipate heat too quickly due to the low initial temperature of the coolant, and the rear end will not dissipate heat too slowly due to the decrease in the cooling capacity of the coolant. Throughout the flow channel system of the liquid cooling plate 100, the coolant can more evenly absorb heat from the front and rear ends of the battery module 200, ultimately reducing the temperature difference between the front and rear ends of the battery module 200 and improving the uniformity of heat dissipation.

[0036] In the liquid cooling plate 100 provided in this application, the flat plate 10 is attached to the battery module 200. The flat plate 10 is provided with a liquid inlet 11. The first flow channel plate 20 is provided with a first liquid flow channel 21. The first liquid flow channel 21 includes a first flow channel region 211 and a second flow channel region 212 arranged along a first direction D1. The first flow channel region 211 and the second flow channel region 212 are connected. The liquid inlet 11 is connected to the first flow channel region 211. The second flow channel region 212 is located on the side of the first flow channel region 211 away from the liquid inlet 11. The second flow channel plate 30 is disposed between the first flow channel plate 20 and the flat plate 10. The second flow channel plate 30 is provided with a second liquid flow channel 31. The second liquid flow channel 31 includes a third flow channel region 311. At least a portion of the third flow channel region 311 is directly opposite the second flow channel region 212. The heat transfer path at the front end of the battery module 200 is: the battery module 200, the plate 10, the second flow channel plate 30 (not the third flow channel region 311, without effective coolant), and the first flow channel region 211 of the first flow channel plate 20 (with coolant). The liquid cooling plate 100 naturally forms a reasonable thermal resistance in the front end region to avoid excessive heat dissipation. The heat transfer path at the rear end of the battery module 200 is: the battery module 200, the plate 10, the third flow channel region 311 of the second flow channel plate 30 (with coolant), and the first flow channel region 211 of the first flow channel plate 20 (with coolant). The second flow channel region 212 of the first flow channel plate 20 (containing coolant) has a dual cooling path in the rear end region of the liquid cooling plate 100, which significantly reduces thermal resistance. The front end of the liquid cooling plate 100 has higher thermal resistance and the rear end has lower thermal resistance, which complement each other. This allows the coolant to absorb heat from the front and rear ends of the battery module 200 more evenly throughout the flow channel system of the liquid cooling plate 100, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the front and rear ends of the battery module 200, improving the uniformity of heat dissipation, and thus improving the performance and service life of the battery module 200.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a liquid cooling plate corresponding to the liquid inlet portion, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] In one embodiment, the second liquid flow channel 31 is disposed above the first liquid flow channel 21, the height of the second liquid flow channel 31 is H1, the height of the first liquid flow channel 21 is H2, and the ratio of H1 to H2 is α, wherein α satisfies: 0.25≤α≤0.75.

[0039] It should be noted that, regarding flow resistance: with the same channel width, the smaller the channel height, the greater the resistance to coolant flow (for the same flow rate, a shorter channel has higher flow resistance); conversely, the greater the height, the lower the flow resistance. Regarding heat exchange: with the same channel width, the greater the channel height, the larger the contact area between the coolant and the channel wall, resulting in higher heat exchange efficiency; however, excessive height can reduce coolant flow velocity, thus weakening the heat exchange effect.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the second liquid flow channel 31 is disposed above the first liquid flow channel 21, and the second liquid flow channel 31 is at least partially disposed within the first liquid flow channel 21. In other words, the lower region of the second liquid flow channel 31 is embedded in the internal space of the first liquid flow channel 21, and they do not completely overlap. Instead, through a nested design of the flow channel cross-section, the two layers of flow channels share part of the space in the vertical direction (height direction), which can maximize the space utilization and thereby reduce the overall thickness of the liquid cooling plate 100. In other words, the second liquid cooling plate 100 and the first liquid cooling plate 100 can be a nested design to reduce the overall thickness of the liquid cooling plate 100.

[0041] Furthermore, the height of the second liquid flow channel 31 is H1, the height of the first liquid flow channel 21 is H2, and the ratio of H1 to H2 is α: the α satisfies: 0.25≤α≤0.75.

[0042] It should be noted that if the second liquid flow channel 31 is too short (α < 0.25), the flow resistance in the second liquid flow channel 31 will increase sharply, resulting in insufficient flow of coolant to the rear end, which will not form effective dual cooling, and the thermal resistance at the rear end will not be reduced, thus losing its auxiliary heat dissipation significance.

[0043] If the second liquid flow channel 31 is too high, it will cause two problems: First, the front-end flow is too small, the coolant flow in the first flow channel area 211 (front-end main channel) is reduced, and the front-end heat dissipation is insufficient; second, the coolant flow rate in the second liquid flow channel 31 slows down, the heat exchange efficiency decreases, and the thermal resistance at the rear end is increased, which disrupts the balance between the front and rear.

[0044] Therefore, the ratio of H1 to H2 is α, which satisfies: 0.25≤α≤0.75. This ensures that the second liquid flow channel 31 has sufficient volume without excessively occupying the space of the first liquid flow channel 21, thereby maximizing space utilization.

[0045] Optionally, the ratio α of H1 and H2 can be 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, or other numbers in the range of 0.25-0.75, and this application does not impose any restrictions on it.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 In one embodiment, the second flow channel plate 30 further includes a thermal resistance region 32, the thermal resistance region 32 and the third flow channel region 311 are disposed along the first direction D1, the thermal resistance region 32 and the third flow channel region 311 are spaced apart, and at least a portion of the thermal resistance region 32 is directly opposite the first flow channel region 211.

[0047] The thermal resistance region 32 has no connected coolant channels and is internally a closed cavity (filled with stagnant air) or a solid plate structure, with no flowing coolant participating in heat exchange. The thermal resistance of the thermal resistance region 32 is much higher than that of the flow channel region with coolant flow. Utilizing the high thermal resistance characteristics of the thermal resistance region 32, the advantages of the low coolant temperature and strong heat exchange at the front end of the liquid cooling plate 100 are offset, preventing the front end of the battery module 200 from dissipating heat too quickly and reducing the gap in heat dissipation capacity between the front and rear ends from the source.

[0048] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second flow channel plate provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 .

[0049] In one embodiment, the thermal resistance region 32 includes an airflow channel 321 containing air.

[0050] The airflow channel 321 is a closed cavity within the thermal resistance region 32 of the second flow channel plate 30. During processing, a groove can be formed by stamping, and then sealed and fitted with the flat plate 10 to form a closed space, where air is naturally retained (or pre-filled with dry air).

[0051] The heat dissipation path at the front end of the liquid cooling plate 100 is as follows: the flat plate 10, the air channel 321 of the second flow channel plate 30, and the first flow channel region 211 (coolant) of the first flow channel plate 20. The high thermal resistance of the air channel 321 significantly hinders heat transfer. When heat is conducted from the flat plate 10 to the air channel 321, due to the poor thermal conductivity of air, most of the heat cannot penetrate quickly and only a small amount is transferred to the coolant channel below. This negates the advantage of the low initial temperature and strong heat exchange capacity of the front-end coolant, preventing excessive heat dissipation at the front end of the battery module 200.

[0052] The heat dissipation path at the rear end of the liquid cooling plate 100 includes: the flat plate 10, the third flow channel region 311 of the second flow channel plate 30, and the second flow channel region 212 of the first flow channel plate 20. The front end consists of an air flow channel 321 (high thermal resistance) and a coolant flow channel (low thermal resistance), resulting in a relatively high overall thermal resistance; the rear end has dual coolant flow channels (dual low thermal resistance), leading to a relatively low overall thermal resistance. This differentiated thermal resistance design between the front and rear ends of the liquid cooling plate 100 balances its heat dissipation efficiency, fundamentally reducing the temperature difference in the battery module 200.

[0053] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 In one embodiment, the second flow channel plate 30 is provided with a through hole 33, which is located in the second liquid flow channel 31. The through hole 33 is connected to the first liquid flow channel 21 and the second liquid flow channel 31 respectively, and the through hole 33 is provided corresponding to the liquid inlet 11.

[0054] The through hole 33 is formed in the second liquid flow channel 31 of the second flow channel plate 30 and is correspondingly arranged with the liquid inlet 11 of the plate 10. In other words, the through hole 33 and the liquid inlet 11 are arranged facing each other in space to ensure that the coolant can directly enter the through hole 33 after flowing out of the liquid inlet 11.

[0055] The through hole 33 can break the independence of the first liquid flow channel 21 and the second liquid flow channel 31, allowing part of the low-temperature coolant flowing in from the liquid inlet 11 to enter the second liquid flow channel 31, and the other part to flow directly into the first liquid flow channel 21 through the through hole 33.

[0056] Furthermore, for the front end region of the liquid cooling plate 100, the second flow channel plate 30 is only provided with the air flow channel 321, and the front end region of the liquid cooling plate 100 is only provided with the first flow channel region 211 of the first flow channel plate 20, which can reduce the cooling liquid flow rate in the front end region of the liquid cooling plate 100. For the rear end region of the liquid cooling plate 100, the second liquid flow channel 31 is added to directly guide the cooling liquid flowing in from the liquid inlet 11 to the rear end region of the liquid cooling plate 100, which increases the cooling liquid flow rate in the rear end region of the liquid cooling plate 100. Under the dual effects of low thermal resistance and increased flow rate, the heat exchange capacity of the rear end region of the liquid cooling plate 100 can be effectively improved.

[0057] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first flow channel plate provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 .

[0058] In one embodiment, the first liquid flow channel 21 includes a fourth flow channel region 23 and a fifth flow channel region 24, the fourth flow channel region 23 and the fifth flow channel region 24 are disposed on both sides of the first flow channel plate 20 along the second direction D2, and the liquid inlet 11 is located at the junction of the fourth flow channel region 23 and the fifth flow channel region 24 in the orthographic projection of the first flow channel plate 20.

[0059] Wherein, the second direction D2 is perpendicular to the first direction D1 (the flow direction of coolant from the front end to the rear end), that is, the second direction D2 is along the width direction (left and right direction) of the battery module 200.

[0060] The fourth flow channel region 23 and the fifth flow channel region 24 are located on both sides of the first flow channel plate 20 along the second direction D2 (the fourth flow channel region 23 is on the left and the fifth flow channel region 24 is on the right, or vice versa). The orthographic projection of the liquid inlet 11 on the plate 10 onto the first flow channel plate 20 falls at the junction of the fourth flow channel region 23 and the fifth flow channel region 24. The liquid inlet 11 is located at the symmetrical center of the two parallel flow channels. After the coolant flows in from the liquid inlet 11, it can be evenly divided into two paths, entering the fourth flow channel region 23 and the fifth flow channel region 24 respectively. This avoids the problem of excessive flow on one side and insufficient flow on the other side, ensuring that the coolant flow rate and velocity on the left and right sides of the battery module 200 are consistent. This avoids the temperature inconsistency on the left and right sides caused by the difference in flow resistance in a traditional single flow channel, and achieves uniform heat dissipation of the battery module 200 in both the front and rear and left and right directions.

[0061] Furthermore, as the size of the battery module 200 increases, the problem of heat dissipation uniformity in the left and right directions becomes more prominent. The dual-side parallel flow channels of this application can accurately cover the width direction of the large-size battery module 200, ensuring that the temperature of the battery module 200 is consistent throughout the entire area.

[0062] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first flow channel plate provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 .

[0063] In one embodiment, the fourth flow channel region 23 includes a first main flow channel 231, a first sub-flow channel region 232, and a second sub-flow channel region 233. The first main flow channel 231 extends along the first direction D1, and the first sub-flow channel region 232 and the second sub-flow channel region 233 are arranged along the first direction D1. The first sub-flow channel region 232 and the second sub-flow channel region 233 are respectively connected to the first main flow channel 231.

[0064] Specifically, the first main channel 231 extends along the first direction D1 (front-back direction) and is the main conveying channel of the left channel (the fourth channel area 23). One end is connected to the left channel after the liquid inlet 11 is diverted, and receives the diverted coolant.

[0065] The first sub-flow channel area 232 and the second sub-flow channel area 233 are arranged sequentially along the first direction D1 (the first sub-flow channel area 232 is close to the liquid inlet 11, and the second sub-flow channel area 233 is far away from the liquid inlet 11). Both are independently connected to the first main channel 231, which is equivalent to branching out two parallel sub-flow channels from the first main channel 231, covering the front and rear areas of the left flow channel.

[0066] The first main flow channel 231, through the secondary diversion of the first sub-flow channel area 232 and the second sub-flow channel area 233 (front and rear sub-flow channel areas), allows the second sub-flow channel area 233 at the far end to directly obtain coolant from the first main flow channel 231 without the loss along the way through the first sub-flow channel area 232 at the front end. The flow distribution is more uniform and the heat dissipation capacity at the rear end is not reduced.

[0067] Similarly, the fifth flow channel region 24 includes a second main flow channel 241, a third sub-flow channel region 242, and a fourth sub-flow channel region 243. The second main flow channel 241 extends along the first direction D1, and the third sub-flow channel region 242 and the fourth sub-flow channel region 243 are arranged along the first direction D1. The third sub-flow channel region 242 and the fourth sub-flow channel region 243 are respectively connected to the second main flow channel 241.

[0068] Specifically, the second main channel 241 extends along the first direction D1 (front-back direction) and is the main conveying channel of the right channel (the fifth channel region 24). One end is connected to the right channel after the liquid inlet 11 is diverted, and receives the diverted coolant.

[0069] The third sub-flow channel area 242 and the fourth sub-flow channel area 243 are arranged sequentially along the first direction D1 (the third sub-flow channel area 242 is close to the liquid inlet 11, and the fourth sub-flow channel area 243 is far from the liquid inlet 11). Both are independently connected to the second main channel 241, which is equivalent to branching out two parallel sub-flow channels from the second main channel 241, covering the front and rear areas of the right-side channel.

[0070] The second main flow channel 241, through the secondary diversion of the third sub-flow channel area 242 and the fourth sub-flow channel area 243 (front and rear sub-flow channel areas), allows the fourth sub-flow channel area 243 at the far end to directly obtain coolant from the second main flow channel 241 without passing through the friction loss of the third sub-flow channel area 242 at the front end. This results in a more uniform flow distribution and no reduction in the heat dissipation capacity at the rear end.

[0071] In summary, each main channel on each side, through secondary diversion of the front and rear sub-channel areas, allows the far-end sub-channel areas (second sub-channel area 233 and fourth sub-channel area 243) to directly obtain coolant from the main channel without the need for flow loss along the front sub-channel area, resulting in more uniform flow distribution and no reduction in the heat dissipation capacity of the rear end.

[0072] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the flow channel designs of the first sub-flow channel region 232, the second sub-flow channel region 233, the third sub-flow channel region 242, and the fourth sub-flow channel region 243 can be the same or different to adapt to the heat dissipation requirements of different areas of the battery module 200. For example, the flow channel area of ​​at least one of the first sub-flow channel region 232, the second sub-flow channel region 233, the third sub-flow channel region 242, and the fourth sub-flow channel region 243 can be greater than the flow channel area of ​​another flow channel region.

[0073] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 In one embodiment, the first liquid flow channel 21 further includes a reflux zone, which is located between the fourth flow channel region 23 and the fifth flow channel region 24. The reflux zone includes a reflux flow channel 25, which is connected to the first sub-flow channel region 232, the second sub-flow channel region 233, the third sub-flow channel region 242 and the fourth sub-flow channel region 243 respectively.

[0074] The recirculation zone is located between the fourth flow channel region 23 and the fifth flow channel region 24, extending along the first direction D1 (front-back direction), parallel to the two side graded flow channels, forming a left-middle-right layout (left flow channel - middle recirculation zone - right flow channel).

[0075] The return flow zone includes a return flow channel 25, which serves as the sole confluence channel for all sub-flow channels, collecting the cooled liquid after heat dissipation. The end of the return flow channel 25 is directly connected to the liquid outlet 26 of the liquid cooling plate 100. After the coolant flows in, it is discharged from the liquid outlet 26, eliminating the need for multiple additional outlets.

[0076] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0077] This application also provides an energy storage device 1000, which includes a battery module 200 and a liquid cooling plate 100, wherein the liquid cooling plate 100 is disposed in conjunction with the battery module 200.

[0078] The flat plate 10 of the liquid cooling plate 100 is directly and tightly attached to the surface of the battery module 200 (including but not limited to the bottom, top, or other sides). The contact surface can be fixed by thermally conductive adhesive or welding to ensure no gaps. The heat generated by the battery module 200 during operation is directly transferred to the flat plate 10 of the liquid cooling plate 100 through heat conduction, and then transferred from the flat plate 10 to the coolant in the internal flow channel, avoiding a decrease in heat dissipation efficiency due to air gaps.

[0079] In the energy storage device 1000 provided in this application, the liquid cooling plate 100 is attached to the battery module 200, the plate 10 is provided with a liquid inlet 11, the first flow channel plate 20 is provided with a first liquid flow channel 21, the first liquid flow channel 21 includes a first flow channel region 211 and a second flow channel region 212 arranged along a first direction D1, the first flow channel region 211 and the second flow channel region 212 are connected, the liquid inlet 11 is connected to the first flow channel region 211, the second flow channel region 212 is located on the side of the first flow channel region 211 away from the liquid inlet 11, the second flow channel plate 30 is disposed between the first flow channel plate 20 and the plate 10, the second flow channel plate 30 is provided with a second liquid flow channel 31, the second liquid flow channel 31 includes a third flow channel region 311, at least a portion of the third flow channel region 311 is directly opposite the second flow channel region 212. The heat transfer path at the front end of the battery module 200 is: the battery module 200, the plate 10, the second flow channel plate 30 (not the third flow channel region 311, without effective coolant), and the first flow channel region 211 of the first flow channel plate 20 (with coolant). The liquid cooling plate 100 naturally forms a reasonable thermal resistance in the front end region to avoid excessive heat dissipation. The heat transfer path at the rear end of the battery module 200 is: the battery module 200, the plate 10, the third flow channel region 311 of the second flow channel plate 30 (with coolant), and the first flow channel region 211. The second flow channel region 212 of plate 20 (containing coolant) has a dual cooling path in the rear end region of the liquid cooling plate 100, which significantly reduces thermal resistance. The front end of the liquid cooling plate 100 has higher thermal resistance and the rear end has lower thermal resistance, which complement each other. This allows the coolant to absorb heat from the front and rear ends of the battery module 200 more evenly throughout the flow channel system of the liquid cooling plate 100, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the front and rear ends of the battery module 200, improving the uniformity of heat dissipation, and thus improving the performance and service life of the battery module 200 and the energy storage device 1000.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a circuit block diagram of an electrical system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0081] This application also provides an electrical system 10000, which includes an electrical device 2000 and an energy storage device 1000, wherein the energy storage device 1000 is used to supply power to the electrical device 2000.

[0082] In this embodiment, the energy storage device 1000 has both high safety performance and long service life, so that when the energy storage device 1000 is applied to the power system 10000, it can provide a stable power supply to the power equipment 2000, enabling the power system 10000 to work stably.

[0083] The power system 10000 in this application embodiment can be, but is not limited to, portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, desktop computers, smart bracelets, smartwatches, e-readers, and game consoles. It can also be a vehicle such as a car, truck, sedan, van, freight train, high-speed train, or electric vehicle. Furthermore, it can be various household appliances, etc., and this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0084] In this application, the terms "embodiment" and "implementation" mean that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of these phrases in various locations throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor are they independent or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand, explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments. Furthermore, it should be understood that the features, structures, or characteristics described in the various embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined to form another embodiment that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this application, provided there is no contradiction between them.

[0085] The above description represents some embodiments of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A liquid-cooled plate, characterized in that, The liquid cooling plate is used to dissipate heat from the battery module, and the liquid cooling plate includes: A flat plate, which is fitted to the battery module, and has a liquid inlet on the flat plate; A first flow channel plate is provided with a first liquid flow channel. The first liquid flow channel includes a first flow channel region and a second flow channel region arranged along a first direction. The first flow channel region and the second flow channel region are connected. The liquid inlet is connected to the first flow channel region. The second flow channel region is located on the side of the first flow channel region away from the liquid inlet. A second flow channel plate is disposed between the first flow channel plate and the flat plate. The second flow channel plate is provided with a second liquid flow channel, and the second liquid flow channel includes a third flow channel region, at least a portion of which is directly opposite the second flow channel region.

2. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second flow channel plate further includes a thermal resistance region, the thermal resistance region and the third flow channel region are arranged along the first direction, the thermal resistance region and the third flow channel region are spaced apart, and at least a portion of the thermal resistance region is directly opposite the first flow channel region.

3. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thermal resistance region includes an airflow channel containing air.

4. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second flow channel plate is provided with a through hole, which is located in the second liquid flow channel. The through hole is connected to the first liquid flow channel and the second liquid flow channel respectively, and the through hole is provided corresponding to the liquid inlet.

5. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the second liquid flow channel is H1, the height of the first liquid flow channel is H2, and the ratio of H1 to H2 is α, wherein α satisfies: 0.25≤α≤0.

75.

6. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first liquid flow channel includes a fourth flow channel region and a fifth flow channel region. The fourth flow channel region and the fifth flow channel region are disposed on both sides of the first flow channel plate along a second direction. The liquid inlet is located at the junction of the fourth flow channel region and the fifth flow channel region in the orthographic projection of the first flow channel plate.

7. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fourth flow channel region includes a first main flow channel, a first sub-flow channel region, and a second sub-flow channel region. The first main flow channel extends along the first direction, and the first sub-flow channel region and the second sub-flow channel region are arranged along the first direction. The first sub-flow channel region and the second sub-flow channel region are respectively connected to the first main flow channel. The fifth flow channel region includes a second main flow channel, a third sub-flow channel region, and a fourth sub-flow channel region. The second main flow channel extends along the first direction, and the third and fourth sub-flow channel regions are arranged along the first direction. The third and fourth sub-flow channel regions are respectively connected to the second main flow channel.

8. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first liquid flow channel further includes a reflux zone, which is located between the fourth flow channel region and the fifth flow channel region. The reflux zone includes a reflux channel, which connects the first sub-flow channel region, the second sub-flow channel region, the third sub-flow channel region, and the fourth sub-flow channel region respectively.

9. An energy storage device, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes a battery module and a liquid cooling plate as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the liquid cooling plate is attached to the battery module.

10. An electrical system, characterized in that, The power system includes electrical equipment and the energy storage device as described in claim 9, wherein the energy storage device is used to supply power to the electrical equipment.

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