Battery module and battery pack
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522048216.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-23
Smart Images
Figure CN224817349U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to a battery module and a battery pack. Background Technology
[0002] After the battery pack undergoes multiple cycles of use in the terminal device, the cells inside the battery pack will expand to varying degrees due to gas generation. Because the initial design has limited space between cells and between cells and other components in the battery pack, such as the fixing frame, end plates, side plates, and heat-conducting components, these expanded cells will squeeze each other within the limited space, generating huge and unexpected compressive forces on the surrounding components. Utility Model Content
[0003] This application provides a battery module and battery pack that can actively adjust the expansion force between battery cells, so that the expansion force between battery cells is always kept within a reasonable range, thereby improving the service life of the battery module and battery pack.
[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery module, including at least two battery cells, a frame, and an adjustment assembly. The frame is fitted to the two outermost battery cells and is used to fix the battery module along a first direction, ensuring that the length of the battery module along the first direction remains at a first length. The adjustment assembly is disposed between any two adjacent battery cells. The adjustment assembly includes an adjustment member, a first push block, and a second push block. The first and second push blocks respectively abut against two adjacent battery cells. The adjustment member is used to adjust the second length of the first and second push blocks along the first direction. The sum of the lengths of the plurality of battery cells along the first direction constitutes a third length, which is the sum of the second and third lengths. The adjustment assembly can actively adjust the expansion force between the plurality of battery cells, ensuring that the expansion force is always within a reasonable range, thereby improving the service life of the battery module. Fixing the first length improves the structural stability of the battery module.
[0005] In one possible implementation, the adjusting member includes a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other. A first push block has a third side on its side near the adjusting member, and a second push block has a fourth side on its side near the adjusting member. The first side and the third side are in sliding contact, and the second side and the fourth side are in sliding contact. The adjusting member is used to reciprocate along a second direction, so that the first side drives the third side to displace along the first direction, and / or the second side drives the fourth side to displace along the first direction, where the first direction is different from the second direction. Thus, the adjusting member converts the displacement in the height direction of the battery module into displacement of the third and fourth sides in the length direction of the battery module, thereby adjusting the spacing between the third and fourth battery cells. Through direct surface-to-surface contact, the contact area is increased, helping to prevent stress concentration that could damage the battery cells.
[0006] In one possible implementation, the first, second, third, and fourth sides are all inclined planes. The adjusting member can simultaneously drive the third and fourth battery cells to move along the first direction, making the displacement adjustment more stable.
[0007] In one possible implementation, the adjustment assembly includes a screw and a base, with the adjustment member and base positioned opposite each other. The base is located between a first push block and a second push block. The adjustment member has a threaded hole, and the base has a clear hole. The screw passes through the threaded hole and the clear hole. The screw is used to rotate relative to the base and drive the adjustment member to reciprocate in a second direction. Thus, through the engagement of the first and second threaded holes, rotating the screw can drive the adjustment member to reciprocate precisely relative to the base in the height direction of the battery module, making the adjustment assembly more stable in adjusting the spacing between the third and fourth battery cells.
[0008] In one possible implementation, the adjustment component includes a guide rod, a base with a first through hole, a first push block with a second through hole, and a second push block with a third through hole. The first, second, and third through holes are arranged opposite to each other along a first direction, and the guide rod passes through the first, second, and third through holes. Thus, on the one hand, by setting the guide rod, it is ensured that the first and second push blocks can only slide horizontally along the direction defined by the guide rod, such as the length direction of the battery module, preventing them from deflecting or twisting when pushing the battery cell; on the other hand, the cooperation between the guide rod and the screw can prevent the adjustment component from rotating or jamming due to uneven force.
[0009] In one possible implementation, multiple guide rods are arranged sequentially along a third direction, which differs from either the first or second direction. This significantly enhances the stiffness and stability of the entire adjustment assembly when dealing with uneven expansion and pushing.
[0010] In one possible implementation, the adjusting component, the first pusher, and the second pusher are all housed within the housing. Thus, on the one hand, the housing provides physical protection for the adjusting assembly, preventing dust and foreign objects from intruding into the complex components; on the other hand, it helps isolate potential micro-mechanical wear particles from entering the battery cell area; furthermore, the housing provides constraint and guidance for the movement of the internal pushers of the adjusting assembly, enhancing overall operational stability.
[0011] In one possible implementation, the battery module further includes multiple first shorting blocks and multiple second shorting blocks. Each first shorting block is electrically connected to two battery cells abutting against an adjustment component, and each second shorting block is electrically connected to any two mating battery cells. The length of the first shorting blocks is greater than the length of the second shorting blocks. Therefore, at locations with movable pusher block intervals, the first shorting blocks ensure that even if the first and second pushers move a certain distance to accommodate expansion, the electrically connected first shorting blocks maintain a reliable connection, preventing excessive stress at the connection points, poor solder joints, or even breakage due to pulling or tightening. This helps improve the electrical performance and safety of the battery module.
[0012] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a battery pack, including a lower housing, an upper housing, and any of the battery modules described above. The lower housing and the upper housing enclose a receiving space, within which the battery cells, frame, and adjustment components are all housed. The battery pack can be used in electronic products, such as terminal devices and electric vehicles, to provide electrical energy.
[0013] In one possible implementation, the upper housing has an opening positioned opposite the adjustment component along the height direction of the battery module. This allows for easy observation of the expansion pressure within the battery module through the opening, and adjustment via screws, even after the battery pack is assembled, providing observability and the possibility of later-stage lifecycle management for the battery pack. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery module provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment component provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0016] Figure 3 This is a side view of the adjustment component provided in the embodiment of this application when it is in the first state;
[0017] Figure 4 This is a side view of the adjustment component provided in the embodiment of this application when it is in the second state;
[0018] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the adjustment component provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rod provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0021] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the battery pack provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0022] Figure label:
[0023] 1000 - Battery pack; 1001 - Accommodation space; 1 - Battery module; 10 - Battery cell; 101 - First battery cell 101; Second battery cell 102; Third battery cell 103; Fourth battery cell 104; Fifth battery cell 105; Adjustment assembly 20; Adjustment component 210; First side surface 211; Second side surface 212; First threaded hole 213; First push block 220; Third side surface 221; Fifth side surface 222; Second through hole 223; Second push block 230; Fourth side surface -231; Sixth side -232; Third through hole -233; Screw -240; Base -250; Through hole -251; First through hole -252; Guide rod -260; Threaded section -261; First smooth section -262; Second smooth section -263; Plug -264; Housing -270; Frame -30; First shorting bar -40; Second shorting bar -50; 2-Lower housing; 3-Upper housing; 301-Opening; 302-Cover plate; First direction -X, Second direction -Z, Third direction -Y.
[0024] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate this application. Detailed Implementation
[0025] For ease of understanding, the relevant technical terms involved in the embodiments of this application will be explained and described below.
[0026] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed connection" means that the components are connected to each other and their relative positional relationship remains unchanged after connection. "Rotary connection" means that the components are connected to each other and can rotate relative to each other after connection. The term "integral molding" means that during the formation of one of a plurality of components, that component is connected to the other components without requiring further processing (such as bonding, welding, snap-fit connection, screw connection) to connect the two components together. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and "side," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application. The term “and / or” as used in this application refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items, as well as all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.
[0027] With the widespread application of electric vehicles and energy storage systems, high-energy-density, long-cycle-life battery packs have become a key technology. A battery pack typically consists of multiple cells connected in series or parallel to form a battery module, which is then integrated within the pack. To achieve high energy density and a compact spatial layout, the cells are usually arranged in a tight array within the pack. During actual use in end devices, the battery pack undergoes repeated charge-discharge cycles. As the number of cycles increases, side reactions such as electrolyte decomposition and solid electrolyte interface film reconstruction inevitably occur inside the cells, generating gas. This gas accumulates inside the cells, causing them to expand. These expanded cells will then compress against each other within a limited space, exerting significant and unintended compressive forces on surrounding mechanical structures and connectors.
[0028] This application provides a battery module and a battery pack. By setting an adjustment component between the battery cells to adjust the spacing between the cells, it helps to compensate for the expansion displacement between the cells, thereby reducing the expansion force between the cells inside the battery module and protecting the mechanical structure of the battery pack.
[0029] For ease of explanation, establish a coordinate system XYZ, consisting of a first direction X, a second direction Z, and a third direction Y. The first direction X, the second direction Z, and the third direction Y intersect each other pairwise, and can further be considered as pairwise perpendicular. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the battery module 1 includes at least two battery cells 10, an adjustment component 20, and a frame 30. At least two battery cells 10 are sequentially arranged along a first direction X of the battery module 1. Adjacent battery cells 10 can be spaced apart by the adjustment component 20 or directly attached. The frame 30 is attached to the outermost battery cell 10 of the battery module 1 along the first direction X. Schematic, the battery module 1 includes a first battery cell 101 and a second battery cell 102 arranged at opposite ends along the first direction X. The frame 30 is ring-shaped, surrounding all the battery cells 10, i.e., it is attached to both the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102. It can be understood that the frame 30 is used to fix the battery module 1 along the first direction X so that the length of the battery module 1 along the first direction X remains at a first length, i.e., the length of the frame 30 along the first direction X is a fixed value. The battery cells 10 and the adjustment component 20 can adjust their relative positions within this fixed value range. Optionally, the frame 30 is a steel strip, and the number of frames 30 can be one or more, such as one, two, or three, etc. The multiple frames 30 are arranged sequentially along the height direction of the battery module 1, that is, the second direction Z shown in the figure. The frames 30 limit the multiple cells 10, which helps to increase the structural strength of the battery module 1.
[0030] See Figure 1The adjusting component 20, by adjusting the spacing between the battery cells 10, can actively adjust the expansion force between multiple battery cells 10, ensuring that the expansion force between the battery cells 10 is always within a reasonable range, thereby improving the service life of the battery module 1. Specifically, the adjusting component 20 is disposed between any two adjacent battery cells 10. The number of adjusting components 20 can be one or more, such as one, two, or four. Schematic, the number of adjusting components 20 is one, disposed between the third battery cell 103 and the fourth battery cell 104, with the third battery cell 103, adjusting component 20, and fourth battery cell 104 arranged sequentially along the first direction X. Optionally, the third battery cell 103 and the fourth battery cell 104 are located in the middle of the battery module 1, that is, the adjusting component 20 divides the multiple battery cells 10 into two equal parts, and the adjusting component 20 has the same number of battery cells 10 stacked on both sides along the first direction X. When there are multiple adjustment components 20, the adjustment components 20 can be distributed at equal intervals in the battery module 1. That is, the same number of battery cells 10 are stacked between any two adjacent adjustment components 20 along the first direction X, so that the adjustment components 20 can more effectively adjust the expansion force between the battery cells 10. Optionally, the number of adjustment components 20 can be adjusted according to the actual situation and the number of battery cells 10.
[0031] Combination Figure 1 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment component provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 This is a side view of the adjustment component provided in this application embodiment when it is in the first state. The adjustment component 20 includes an adjustment member 210, a first push block 220, and a second push block 230. The first push block 220 and the second push block 230 respectively abut against two adjacent battery cells 10. The adjustment member 210 is used to adjust the second length of the first push block 220 and the second push block 230. Furthermore, the sum of the lengths of the multiple battery cells 10 along the first direction X is the third length, and the sum of the second length and the third length is the first length. It can be understood that the first length is fixed, and after multiple cycles of use, the second length of the battery cells 10 changes. The adjustment component 20 then adjusts the third length to accommodate the expansion displacement of the battery cells 10. Thus, the first length of the battery module 1 along the first direction X remains fixed, which is beneficial to improving the structural stability of the battery module 1.
[0032] Taking the number of adjusting components 20 as one, along the first direction X, the first push block 220 abuts against the third battery cell 103, and the second push block 230 abuts against the fourth battery cell 104. The adjusting member 210 adjusts the distance between the third battery cell 103 and the fourth battery cell 104 by adjusting the distance between the first push block 220 and the second push block 230. The adjustment method of the adjusting member 210 includes, but is not limited to, spring adjustment, screw adjustment, hydraulic adjustment, etc.
[0033] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a side view of the adjustment component provided in this application embodiment when it is in the second state. During assembly of the battery module 1, the distance between the first push block 220 and the second push block 230 can be set to a larger value using the adjustment component 210, such as... Figure 4 The second state shown; when the cell generates gas expansion after more than 10 cycles, the adjusting member 210 can be used to contract the space between the first pusher block 220 and the second pusher block 230 along the first direction X, as shown. Figure 3 The first state shown provides space to satisfy the expansion displacement of the battery cell 10, thereby adjusting the expansion force of multiple battery cells 10. This prevents excessive squeezing of the battery cells 10 within the battery module 1, which could damage the battery cells 10 or other components. Consequently, the expansion force of the battery cells 10 is always maintained within a reasonable range, effectively reducing the deformation of the battery module 1. Optionally, when the battery cell 10 contracts, the expansion force between the battery cells 10 decreases. The adjusting member 210 drives the first push block 220 and the second push block 230 to expand along the first direction X, adjusting the preload between the battery cells 10 to maintain a certain threshold. This prevents the battery cells 10 within the battery module 1 from displacing due to excessive looseness, thereby adjusting the expansion force of multiple battery cells 10 and ensuring that the expansion force of the battery cells 10 is always maintained within a reasonable range.
[0034] Schematic illustration: When the adjustment component 20 is in the first state, its length along the first direction X is 70mm-74mm; when the adjustment component 20 is in the second state, its length along the first direction X is 90mm-94mm. It is understood that this range is not limited and can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the battery module 1.
[0035] The following embodiments provide an extended explanation of the specific working principle of the adjustment component 20.
[0036] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 5This is an exploded view of the adjustment component provided in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the adjustment member 210 includes a first side surface 211 and a second side surface 212 disposed opposite to each other along a first direction X. A first push block 220 has a third side surface 221 on the side near the adjustment member 210, and a second push block 230 has a fourth side surface 231 on the side near the adjustment member 210. The first side surface 211 and the third side surface 221 are in sliding contact, and the second side surface 212 and the fourth side surface 231 are in sliding contact. The adjustment member 210 is used to reciprocate along a second direction, i.e., the second direction Z, so that the first side surface 211 drives the third side surface 221 to be displaced along the first direction X, and / or the second side surface 212 drives the fourth side surface 231 to be displaced along the first direction X. The first direction and the second direction are different; for example, the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Z.
[0037] It is understandable that the shapes and mating arrangements of the first side 211, second side 212, third side 221, and fourth side 231 can be chosen in various ways. Illustratively, the first side 211 and third side 221 are inclined planes, and the second side 212 and fourth side 231 are flat planes; alternatively, the first side 211 and third side 221 are flat planes, and the second side 212 and fourth side 231 are inclined planes. In this case, the adjusting member 210 can be used only to adjust the displacement of either the third cell 103 or the fourth cell 104 along the first direction X. (Combined with...) Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The first pusher block 220 includes a third side surface 221 and a fifth side surface 222 disposed opposite to each other along the first direction X, and the second pusher block 230 includes a fourth side surface 231 and a sixth side surface 232 disposed opposite to each other along the first direction X. Specifically, the first side surface 211 abuts against the third side surface 221, the second side surface 212 abuts against the fourth side surface 231, the fifth side surface 222 abuts against the third battery cell 103, and the sixth side surface 232 abuts against the fourth battery cell 104. The first side 211 of the adjusting member 210 forms an acute angle with the YZ plane, and the opening faces the positive direction of the second direction Z. The third side 221 is parallel or nearly parallel to the first side 211. The second side 212, the fourth side 231, the fifth side 222, and the sixth side 232 are all parallel to the YZ plane. At this time, when the adjusting member 210 moves in the opposite direction of the second direction Z, the first side 211 squeezes and presses the third side 221 respectively, and the fifth side 222 pushes the third cell 103 to move along the first direction X, thereby increasing the distance between the third cell 103 and the fourth cell 104.
[0038] Optionally, the first side and the third side 221, the second side 212 and the fourth side 231 can also be driven by a combination of plane and curved surface, or curved surface and curved surface.
[0039] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one possible embodiment, the first side 211, the second side 212, the third side 221, and the fourth side 231 are inclined planes. Schematic, the angle between the first side 211 and the second side 212 is acute, with the opening facing the positive Z direction. The first side 211 is parallel or nearly parallel to the third side 221, the second side 212 is parallel or nearly parallel to the fourth side 231, and the fifth side 222 and the sixth side 232 are both parallel to the YZ plane. Schematic, when the adjusting member 210 moves in the opposite Y direction, the first side 211 and the second side 212 press against the third side 221 and the fourth side 231 respectively, causing the third battery cell 103 to move in the opposite X direction, and the fourth battery cell 104 to move in the positive X direction. The displacement increases the distance between the third side 221 and the fourth side 231, thereby increasing the distance between the third cell 103 and the fourth cell 104. When the cell 10 expands, the adjusting member 210 can move in the positive Z direction to reduce the distance between the third side 221 and the fourth side 231, so that there is enough space between the third cell 103 and the fourth cell 104 to meet the expansion displacement. This allows for active adjustment of the expansion force of the cell 10, ensuring that the expansion force of the cell 10 is always maintained within a reasonable range, and preventing damage to the structure of the cell 10 and the battery module 1.
[0040] Therefore, by using the adjusting member 210, the displacement in the second direction Z is converted into the displacement of the third side 221 and the fourth side 231 in the first direction X, thereby adjusting the spacing between the third battery cell 103 and the fourth battery cell 104. Through the direct contact between the surfaces, the contact area is expanded, which helps to prevent stress concentration from causing damage to the battery cell 10.
[0041] In one possible implementation, the shape of the adjusting member 210 includes a triangle, a trapezoid, etc. See also... Figure 2 and Figure 5 The adjusting component 210 is an isosceles trapezoidal block, with the first side 211 forming an acute angle with the second direction Z, the opening of which faces the positive direction of the second direction Z. Correspondingly, the third side 221 is parallel to the first side 211, and the fourth side 231 is parallel to the second side 212. Thus, when the adjusting component 210 reciprocates along the third direction Y, the third side 221 and the fourth side 231 move synchronously along the first direction X, causing the third battery cell 103 and the fourth battery cell 104 to move synchronously, which helps to improve the operational stability of the adjusting assembly 20.
[0042] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 5The adjusting assembly 20 includes a screw 240 and a base 250. The adjusting member 210 and the base 250 are arranged opposite to each other. The base 250 is located between the first push block 220 and the second push block 230. The adjusting member 210 is provided with a threaded hole 213. The base 250 includes a smooth hole 251. The threaded hole 213 and the smooth hole 251 are arranged opposite to each other along the second direction Z. The screw 240 passes through the threaded hole 213 and the smooth hole 251. The screw 240 is used to rotate relative to the base 250 and drive the adjusting member 210 to reciprocate along the second direction Z.
[0043] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack provided in the embodiments of this application. Specifically, the base 250 is generally a cuboid block, and the first push block 220 and the second push block 230 are disposed on opposite sides of the base 250 along the first direction X. The first push block 220 and the second push block 230 can move relative to the base 250 along the first direction X, thereby adjusting the spacing between the battery cells 10. Optionally, the base 250 is fixed in the middle of the battery module 1, such as fixed on the lower housing 2 of the battery pack 1000. The adjusting member 210 and the base 250 are arranged opposite each other along the second direction Z. The threaded hole 213 passes through the adjusting member 210 along the second direction Z. Along the second direction Z, the screw 240 passes through the adjusting member 210 and is connected to the base 250. The screw 240, through its cooperation with the threaded hole 213 and the light hole 251, enables the rotating screw 240 to drive the adjusting member 210 to reciprocate precisely relative to the base 250 in the second direction Z, so that the adjusting assembly 20 can more stably adjust the gap between the third battery cell 103 and the fourth battery cell 104. Indicatively, the end of the screw 240 in the positive direction of the second direction Z may be provided with a hexagonal hole to facilitate engagement with a hexagonal wrench. When the wrench twists the screw 240 clockwise, the screw 240 drives the adjusting member 210 to move in the opposite direction of the second direction Z, thereby increasing the distance between the third cell 103 and the fourth cell 104 and reserving sufficient space for the expansion displacement of the cell 10. When the cell 10 expands, the screw 240 can be twisted counterclockwise to move the adjusting member 210 in the positive direction of the second direction Z, releasing more space to meet the expansion displacement of the cell 10. This achieves active adjustment of the expansion force of the cell 10, ensuring that the expansion force of the cell 10 is always maintained within a reasonable range, and preventing damage to the structure of the cell 10 and the battery module 1.
[0044] In one possible implementation, the lengths of the first pusher block 220 and the second pusher block 230 along the second direction Z are 200 mm, and the maximum length of the screw 240 along the second direction Z is 206 mm. This allows the operator to easily adjust the adjustment component 20 using the screw 240. It is understood that these values are not limited and can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the battery module 1.
[0045] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 The adjustment assembly 20 includes a guide rod 260, a first push block 220 and a second push block 230 located on both sides of the base 250 along the first direction X. The base 250 has a first through hole 252 that passes through the base 250 along the first direction X; the first push block 220 has a second through hole 223 that passes through the first push block 220 along the first direction X; the second push block 230 has a third through hole 233 that passes through the second push block 230 along the first direction X. The first through hole 252, the second through hole 223 and the third through hole 233 are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction X, and the guide rod 260 passes through the first through hole 252, the second through hole 223 and the third through hole 233.
[0046] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rod provided in an embodiment of this application. In one possible implementation, the guide rod 260 includes a threaded section 261, a first smooth section 262, and a second smooth section 263, which are disposed on opposite sides of the threaded section 261 along a first direction X. Correspondingly, the first through hole 252 is a threaded hole, and the threaded section 261 cooperates with the threaded hole to fix the guide rod 260 relative to the base 250. The first smooth section 262 passes through the second through hole 223, and the second smooth section 263 passes through the third through hole 233. The guide rod 260 enables the first push block 220 and the second push block 230 to slide and connect with the base 250. In one possible implementation, plugs 264 may be provided on opposite sides of the guide rod 260 along the first direction X. The diameter of the plugs 264 is larger than the diameter of the second through hole 223 and the third through hole 233, so that the first push block 220 and the second push block 230 are fixed relative to the guide rod 260. Optionally, the guide rod 260 may be configured as a telescopic rod. In one possible implementation, the diameters of the first through hole 252, the second through hole 223 and the third through hole 233 are 15mm-17mm. This range is not limited and can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the battery module 1.
[0047] Thus, on the one hand, by setting the guide rod 260, it is ensured that the first push block 220 and the second push block 230 can only slide horizontally along the direction defined by the guide rod 260, such as the first direction X, so as to avoid them from deflecting or twisting when pushing the battery cell 10; on the other hand, the cooperation between the guide rod 260 and the screw 240 can prevent the adjusting member 210 from rotating or jamming due to uneven force.
[0048] Optionally, there may be multiple guide rods 260, arranged sequentially along a third direction, i.e., the third direction Y in the diagram. This third direction differs from either the first or second direction; for example, the first direction X, the third direction Y, and the second direction Z are all perpendicular to each other. Correspondingly, the first push block 220, the base 250, and the second push block 230 are provided with corresponding through holes. In one possible implementation, there may be two guide rods 260, with a spacing of 91mm-96mm between them. This range is not limited and can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the battery module 1.
[0049] As a result, the multiple guide rods 260 significantly enhance the stiffness and stability of the entire adjustment assembly 20 when dealing with uneven expansion and pushing.
[0050] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 5 The adjustment assembly 20 includes a housing 270, within which the adjustment member 210, the first push block 220, and the second push block 230 are all housed. It is understood that the housing 270 abuts against the third battery cell 103 and the fourth battery cell 104 on opposite sides along the first direction X. Optionally, the housing 270 may be similar in shape and size to the battery cell 10, being a cuboid, which facilitates the assembly of the battery module 1. In one possible embodiment, the housing 270 may also house the screw 240, the base 250, and the guide rod 260.
[0051] Thus, on the one hand, the housing 270 can provide physical protection for the adjustment component 20, preventing dust and foreign objects from entering the complex components; on the other hand, it helps to isolate potential tiny mechanical wear particles from entering the cell 10 area; furthermore, the housing 270 provides constraint and guidance for the internal push block movement of the adjustment component 20, enhancing the overall stability of the operation.
[0052] Please see Figure 1 The battery module 1 also includes multiple first shorting bars 40 and multiple second shorting bars 50. Each first shorting bar 40 is electrically connected to two battery cells 10 that abut against an adjustment component 20, and each second shorting bar 50 is electrically connected to any two mating battery cells 10. The length of the first shorting bar 40 is greater than the length of the second shorting bar 50.
[0053] Specifically, the first shorting bar 40 is used to electrically connect two adjacent battery cells 10 separated by the adjusting assembly 20, such as the third battery cell 103 and the fourth battery cell 104. Schematic, one end of the first shorting bar 40 is connected to the positive terminal of the third battery cell 103, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of the fourth battery cell 104. The second shorting bar 50 is used to connect other physically close and well-fixed battery cells 10 in the battery module 1, such as the first battery cell 101 and the fifth battery cell 105. The length of the first shorting bar 40 is greater than the length of the second shorting bar 50, which helps to leave sufficient space for the first pusher block 220 and the second pusher block 230 to move along the first direction X. Optionally, the first shorting bar 40 and the second shorting bar 50 can be copper or aluminum bars.
[0054] Therefore, for positions with movable push block intervals, the first shorting bar 40 ensures that even if the first push block 220 and the second push block 230 move a certain distance to accommodate expansion, the electrical connection of the first shorting bar 40 still maintains a reliable connection, avoiding excessive stress at the connection point, poor soldering, or even breakage due to being pulled or tightened; this helps to improve the electrical performance and safety of the battery module 1.
[0055] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 6 This application also provides a battery pack 1000, which includes a lower housing 2, an upper housing 3, and a battery module 1 as described in any of the above embodiments. The lower housing 2 and the upper housing 3 enclose a receiving space 1001, in which the battery cell 10, the frame 30, and the adjustment component 20 are all accommodated.
[0056] It is understood that the battery pack 1000 can accommodate multiple battery modules 1, which are arranged along a third direction Y. These battery modules 1 can be connected in series or in parallel. The battery pack 1000 can be used to provide power to electronic products, such as terminal devices and electric vehicles.
[0057] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application. The upper housing 3 has an opening 301 along the second direction Z, and the opening 301 is positioned opposite to the adjustment component 20. The opening 301 exposes the adjustment component 20, allowing maintenance personnel to adjust the expansion force between the battery cells 10 using the adjustment component 20. Thus, even after the battery pack 1000 is assembled, the expansion pressure within the battery module 1 can be easily observed through the opening 301 and adjusted using the screw 240, providing observability and the possibility of later lifecycle management for the battery pack 1000.
[0058] In one possible implementation, the upper housing 3 also includes a cover plate 302. Along the second direction Z, the cover plate 302 is disposed opposite to the opening 301. The area of the cover plate 302 is greater than or equal to that of the opening 301. The cover plate 302 is used to cover the opening 301 to prevent external impurities from contaminating the battery pack 1000. When maintenance personnel need to adjust the adjustment component 20, they can open the cover plate 302 to expose the opening 301.
[0059] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.
Claims
1. A battery module, characterized in that, include: At least two battery cells; A frame is attached to the two outermost cells of at least two battery cells, and the frame is used to fix the battery module along a first direction so that the length of the battery module along the first direction is maintained at a first length. An adjustment assembly is disposed between any two adjacent battery cells; the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment member, a first push block, and a second push block, the first push block and the second push block respectively abutting against two adjacent battery cells, the adjustment member being used to adjust the second length of the first push block and the second push block along a first direction, the sum of the lengths of a plurality of battery cells along the first direction being a third length, and the first length being the sum of the second length and the third length.
2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting member includes a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other. The first push block has a third side on the side closer to the adjusting member, and the second push block has a fourth side on the side closer to the adjusting member. The first side and the third side are in sliding contact, and the second side and the fourth side are in sliding contact. The adjusting member is used to reciprocate along a second direction so that the first side causes the third side to displace along the first direction, and / or the second side causes the fourth side to displace along the first direction, wherein the first direction is different from the second direction.
3. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first side, the second side, the third side, and the fourth side are all inclined surfaces.
4. The battery module according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a screw and a base. The base is located between the first push block and the second push block. The adjustment member and the base are disposed opposite to each other. The adjustment member is provided with a threaded hole, and the base is provided with a light hole. The screw passes through the threaded hole and the light hole. The screw is used to rotate relative to the base and drive the adjustment member to reciprocate along the second direction.
5. The battery module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a guide rod, the base has a first through hole, the first push block has a second through hole, the second push block has a third through hole, the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction, and the guide rod passes through the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole.
6. The battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of guide rods is multiple, and the multiple guide rods are arranged sequentially along a third direction, which is different from the first direction or the second direction.
7. The battery module according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a housing, and the adjustment member, the first push block, and the second push block are all housed within the housing.
8. The battery module according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The battery module further includes multiple first shorting blocks and multiple second shorting blocks. Each first shorting block is electrically connected to two battery cells that abut against one of the adjustment components, and each second shorting block is electrically connected to any two battery cells that are in contact with each other. The length of the first shorting block is greater than the length of the second shorting block.
9. A battery pack, comprising a lower housing, an upper housing, and a battery module as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The lower housing and the upper housing together form an accommodating space, within which the battery cell, the frame, and the adjustment assembly are all housed.
10. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, The upper housing has an opening that is positioned opposite to the adjustment component along the height direction of the battery module.