Battery, battery pack, and electric device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522514215.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-26
AI Technical Summary
[0002]相关技术中，防爆阀设置在电池的底部可以提高电池的安全性能，但是电池热失控时，防爆阀口喷出的高温气体或液体的温度较高，导致防爆阀口附近的结构强度下降，进而导致防爆阀口附近破损，喷出的高温气体或液体会波及到邻旁电池，导致热失控蔓延，影响电池包整体安全
[0007]通过上述技术方案，即本实用新型所提供的电池，通过位于容纳腔内且位于电芯与壳体的底部之间的加强件，加强件上的第二开口能够至少部分地围设于防爆阀的外周，并且加强件中的加强部可以进一步提高加强件自身的结构强度和耐热性能，而绝缘部也可以实现在该电池在日常使用过程中的绝缘，在电池热失控时，通过加强部对防爆阀的周圈进行补强，在加强件的补强作用下，防爆阀口可以更不容易产生破损，即使防爆阀口产生破损，也可以通过结构强度更高、耐热性能更好的加强件来减少或防止高温气体或液体从防爆阀口喷出的情况，进而进一步减少防爆阀口破损而导致电池热失控蔓延的情况。
Smart Images
Figure CN224817368U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery, a battery pack, and an electrical device. Background Technology
[0002] In related technologies, placing the explosion-proof valve at the bottom of the battery can improve the battery's safety performance. However, when the battery experiences thermal runaway, the high temperature of the gas or liquid ejected from the explosion-proof valve port is too high, which reduces the structural strength near the explosion-proof valve port and leads to damage near the explosion-proof valve port. The ejected high-temperature gas or liquid can then affect adjacent batteries, causing thermal runaway to spread and affecting the overall safety of the battery pack. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a battery, a battery pack, and an electrical device to reduce the spread of battery thermal runaway caused by damage to the explosion-proof valve port, thereby at least partially solving the above-mentioned technical problems.
[0004] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a battery, comprising: a casing having an internal cavity, the bottom of the casing having a first opening; a battery cell disposed within the cavity; an explosion-proof valve disposed on the casing and sealing the first opening, the explosion-proof valve having a weak portion, the weak portion being used to release pressure from the battery when the internal pressure reaches a certain level; and a reinforcing member disposed in the cavity and located between the battery cell and the bottom of the casing, the reinforcing member having a second opening, the second opening at least partially surrounding the outer periphery of the explosion-proof valve, the reinforcing member including an insulating portion and a reinforcing portion, the insulating portion at least partially covering the reinforcing portion.
[0005] Secondly, this utility model provides a battery pack, including the battery described in the above solution, wherein the number of the batteries is multiple and arranged along a large surface.
[0006] Thirdly, this utility model provides an electrical device including the battery pack described in the above solution.
[0007] Through the above technical solution, namely the battery provided by this utility model, the second opening on the reinforcing member located in the receiving cavity and between the bottom of the cell and the shell can at least partially surround the outer periphery of the explosion-proof valve. The reinforcing part in the reinforcing member can further improve the structural strength and heat resistance of the reinforcing member itself, and the insulating part can also achieve insulation of the battery during daily use. In the event of battery thermal runaway, the reinforcing part reinforces the periphery of the explosion-proof valve. Under the reinforcement of the reinforcing member, the explosion-proof valve port is less likely to be damaged. Even if the explosion-proof valve port is damaged, the situation of high-temperature gas or liquid spraying out from the explosion-proof valve port can be reduced or prevented by the reinforcing member with higher structural strength and better heat resistance, thereby further reducing the situation of battery thermal runaway propagation caused by explosion-proof valve port damage. Attached Figure Description
[0008] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery structure provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein the bottom of the battery faces upward; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reinforcing member provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reinforcing part provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the battery and its internal structure provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of position A in the middle; Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of the area at position B in the middle.
[0010] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Shell; 101. First opening; 110. Receiving cavity; 2. Battery cells; 3. Explosion-proof valve; 4. Reinforcing component; 401. Second opening; 410. Insulating part; 420. Reinforcing part. Detailed Implementation
[0011] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0012] In related technologies, placing the explosion-proof valve at the bottom of the battery can improve the battery's safety performance. After the battery explosion-proof valve is opened, the shell around the pressure relief area of the explosion-proof valve begins to soften at around 300°C, causing the explosion area of the battery shell to expand rapidly. High-temperature gas, liquid, metal foreign objects, etc. inside the battery are sprayed to the outside of the battery, causing the heat to spread rapidly and affect adjacent batteries, triggering thermal runaway of the entire battery pack.
[0013] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the first aspect of this utility model provides a battery, as shown in the reference. Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the battery includes a casing 1, a battery cell 2, an explosion-proof valve 3, and a reinforcing member 4. The casing 1 has an internal cavity 110, and a first opening 101 at the bottom. The battery cell 2 is disposed within the cavity 110. The explosion-proof valve 3 is disposed on the casing and seals the first opening 101. The explosion-proof valve 3 has a weak point, which is used to release the battery pressure when the internal pressure reaches a certain level. The reinforcing member 4 is disposed in the cavity 110 and located between the battery cell 2 and the bottom of the casing 1. The reinforcing member 4 has a second opening 401, which at least partially surrounds the outer periphery of the explosion-proof valve 3. The reinforcing member 4 includes an insulating part 410 and a reinforcing part 420, with the insulating part 410 at least partially covering the reinforcing part 420.
[0014] Through the above technical solution, namely the battery provided by this utility model, the second opening 401 on the reinforcing member 4 located in the receiving cavity 110 and between the bottom of the cell 2 and the shell 1 can at least partially surround the outer periphery of the explosion-proof valve 3. Furthermore, the reinforcing part 420 in the reinforcing member 4 can further improve the structural strength and heat resistance of the reinforcing member 4 itself. The insulating part 410 can also achieve insulation of the battery during daily use. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery, the reinforcing part 420 reinforces the periphery of the explosion-proof valve 3. Under the reinforcement of the reinforcing member 4, the outlet of the explosion-proof valve 3 is less likely to be damaged. Even if the outlet of the explosion-proof valve 3 is damaged, the situation of high-temperature gas or liquid being ejected from the outlet of the explosion-proof valve 3 can be reduced or prevented by the reinforcing member 4 with higher structural strength and better heat resistance, thereby further reducing the situation of battery thermal runaway propagation caused by the damage to the outlet of the explosion-proof valve 3.
[0015] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the specific structure of the reinforcing member 4 can be any suitable one, as long as the structural strength of the reinforcing member 4 itself is higher than that of the explosion-proof valve 3, for example, higher than the structural strength of the area around the outlet of the explosion-proof valve 3, and the melting point of the reinforcing member 4 itself needs to be higher than that of the explosion-proof valve 3, so as to play a better protective role in the event of battery thermal runaway. For example, the reinforcing member 4 can be an independent plate separately provided in the receiving cavity 110 and located between the bottom of the cell 2 and the shell 1, or it can be a plate structure directly formed on the surface of the shell 1 and integrally formed with the shell 1, or it can be a plate structure integrally formed with the cell 2. Specifically, the specific structure of the reinforcing member 4 will be described in detail below, and will not be elaborated on here.
[0016] In some implementations, reference Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the tensile strength of the reinforcing part 420 at a temperature of 400℃-700℃ is 150MPa-500MPa.
[0017] By limiting the structural performance of the reinforcing part 420 itself in the above manner, when the battery experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas or liquid inside the battery will usually melt the explosion-proof valve 3. When the explosion-proof valve 3 melts, although the high-temperature gas or liquid will spray out from the outlet of the explosion-proof valve 3 to relieve pressure, the high-temperature gas or liquid is also prone to splashing or irregular leakage due to the damage to the outlet of the explosion-proof valve 3, which can easily affect the adjacent normally operating batteries and easily lead to the spread of thermal runaway. However, by setting the tensile strength of the reinforcing part 420 itself at 400℃-700℃ to 150MPa-500MPa, even if the explosion-proof valve 3 melts at this temperature, the reinforcing part 420 can still maintain its good structural performance. Thus, the melted explosion-proof valve 3 can be effectively protected by the second opening 401 at least partially surrounding the outer periphery of the explosion-proof valve 3, that is, the spread of the high-temperature gas or liquid sprayed from the outlet of the explosion-proof valve 3 can be blocked to a certain extent.
[0018] Further, refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the reinforcing part 420 can be made of at least one of stainless steel, nickel-based alloy, and titanium alloy.
[0019] By means of the above method, the reinforcing part 420, made of any at least one of the above materials, has a tensile strength of 150MPa-500MPa at 400℃-700℃. When the battery experiences thermal runaway, the casing around the explosion-proof valve 3 begins to soften at around 300℃. The reinforcing part 420, made of the above materials, has a tensile strength of 150MPa-500MPa at 400℃-700℃. In this case, the high-temperature gas or liquid ejected from the broken explosion-proof valve 3 will be blocked by the reinforcing part 420, thereby preventing the spread of battery thermal runaway and the impact on neighboring normally operating batteries.
[0020] It should be noted that the material used for the reinforcing part 420 can be at least any one of the above-mentioned materials, or it can be a composite of any two, three or more other materials, as long as the composite reinforcing part 420 can achieve a tensile strength of 150MPa-500MPa at 400℃-700℃. This embodiment does not make specific limitations in this regard.
[0021] The tensile strength test method is as follows: the test area is cut to obtain a sample with a width of 10 mm and a length of 100 mm; the tensile strength of the sample is tested by a tensile testing machine; finally, the fracture location is obtained and the tensile strength value is fed back.
[0022] In some implementations, reference Figures 1 to 7 As shown, in the orthographic projection of the reinforcing member 4 on the bottom of the housing 1, the second opening 401 completely covers the explosion-proof valve 3.
[0023] In this way, the outer circumferential wall of the explosion-proof valve 3 can be completely surrounded by the second opening 401. When the explosion-proof valve 3 experiences thermal runaway, no matter where the damaged explosion-proof valve 3 sprays high-temperature gas or high-temperature liquid outwards, the second opening 401 will block the high-temperature gas or high-temperature liquid sprayed out by the explosion-proof valve 3, thereby reducing or preventing the sprayed high-temperature gas or high-temperature liquid from affecting the adjacent normally operating batteries.
[0024] Furthermore, a first distance is provided between the reinforcing part 420 and the second opening 401.
[0025] In accordance with the above methods, considering the lightweight nature of the reinforcing member 4, the reinforcing member 4 can be provided with a reinforcing portion 420 at least partially. That is, in the case where the reinforcing portion 420 is a metal sheet in the above embodiments, the reinforcing member 4 can include a reinforcing area with a metal sheet, that is, the part corresponding to the reinforcing portion 420, and also include a normal area without a metal sheet. The first distance can be the minimum distance between the reinforcing portion 420 and the second opening 401 on the body of the reinforcing member 4. That is, the reinforcing portion 420 is provided near the periphery of the second opening 401, which can improve the overall lightweight nature of the reinforcing member 4 and also improve the structural strength of the reinforcing member 4.
[0026] Further, refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the first distance can be within the range of 0.5mm-5mm.
[0027] In the above manner, the first distance can be the shortest straight-line distance between the second opening 401 and the reinforcing part 420. By further limiting the specific size range of the first distance, it is possible to reduce or prevent the situation where the first distance is too small, resulting in the reinforcing part 420 having an excessively large proportion and causing the overall weight of the reinforcing part 4 to be unbalanced. It is also possible to reduce or prevent the situation where the first distance is too large, resulting in the reinforcing part 420 being too far from the second opening 401 and thus failing to effectively form protection.
[0028] Furthermore, the first distance can be any suitable value within the above-mentioned range, such as 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, etc., or any size between any two adjacent values mentioned above. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.
[0029] In another embodiment, in the orthographic projection of the reinforcing member 4 on the bottom of the housing 1, the orthographic projection area of the second opening 401 is larger than the area of the explosion-proof valve 3, and the edge of the second opening 401 is spaced apart from the edge of the explosion-proof valve 3.
[0030] By using the above-mentioned method, namely the setting of a gap between the second opening 401 and the explosion-proof valve 3, when the explosion-proof valve 3 is spraying, the gap between the second opening 401 and the explosion-proof valve 3 allows the explosion-proof valve 3 to spray more quickly and safely, thereby reducing or preventing the situation where the second opening 401 and the explosion-proof valve 3 are too close and thus prevent the explosion-proof valve 3 from spraying, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery during thermal runaway.
[0031] Based on this, the distance between the second opening 401 and the explosion-proof valve 3 can be further limited to the range of 0.5mm-4mm. In this way, a safe distance can be maintained between the second opening 401 and the explosion-proof valve 3, while also ensuring that the distance between the second opening 401 and the explosion-proof valve 3 is not too far to provide adequate protection.
[0032] Furthermore, the distance between the second opening 401 and the explosion-proof valve 3 can be any suitable value within the range described above, such as 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, etc., or any value between any two adjacent values mentioned above. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.
[0033] In some implementations, reference Figures 1 to 7 As shown, along the direction from the reinforcing member 4 toward the bottom of the housing 1, the ratio of the positive projection area of the reinforcing part 420 on the reinforcing member 4 to the area of the reinforcing member 4 is 0.1-0.6.
[0034] In this manner, the reinforcing part 420 is not set on the entire reinforcing member 4, but on a portion of the reinforcing member 4. That is, it can be understood that the area of the reinforcing part 420 on the reinforcing member 4 is in the range of 10% to 60%. Under this arrangement, the reinforcing part 420 can be set on the local key parts of the reinforcing member 4 that need to be reinforced, so as to achieve a better reinforcement effect and also to achieve the overall weight reduction of the reinforcing member 4.
[0035] Furthermore, along the direction from the reinforcing member 4 toward the bottom of the housing 1, the projected area of the reinforcing part 420 on the reinforcing member 4 is 500 mm². 2 -5000mm 2 And / or, the area of reinforcement 4 is 1500 mm² 2 -15000mm 2 .
[0036] By means of the above method, when the projected area ratio of the reinforcing part 420 on the reinforcing member 4 is 0.1-0.6, the projected area of the reinforcing part 420 itself can be 500 mm². 2 -5000mm 2 Any suitable value can be selected from these ranges, such as 500mm², 600mm², 1000mm², 2000mm², 4000mm², 5000mm², etc., or any size between any two adjacent values mentioned above. The area of the reinforcing member 4 itself can also be 1500mm². 2 -15000mm 2 Any suitable value can be selected from these values, such as 1500mm2, 2000mm2, 4000mm2, 5000mm2, 7500mm2, 10000mm2, 15000mm2, etc., or any size between any two adjacent values mentioned above. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.
[0037] In some embodiments, the thickness of the reinforcing part 420 along the thickness direction of the reinforcing member 4 is 0.2mm-3mm. It can be understood that the thickness of the reinforcing part 420 can be selected from 0.2mm, 0.4mm, 0.6mm, 1.0mm, 1.3mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, etc., or any size between any two adjacent values mentioned above. This embodiment does not impose too many limitations on this.
[0038] In some implementations, reference Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the second opening 401 is a through hole that penetrates the reinforcing member 4 along the thickness direction of the reinforcing member 4, and the center of the second opening 401 coincides with the center of the reinforcing part 420.
[0039] By aligning the graphic center of the second opening 401 with the center of the reinforcing part 420 in the above manner, the position of the explosion-proof valve 3 of most batteries can be adapted. That is, the explosion-proof valve 3 of the battery is usually located at the center of the top or bottom of the housing 1. Under this positional relationship, the reinforcing part 4 can be well assembled with the explosion-proof valve 3.
[0040] Furthermore, you can refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the insulating part 410 mentioned in the above embodiment can be any suitable form. For example, the reinforcing part 420 can be partially protruding from the reinforcing member 4 and the protruding part is facing the cell 2. In this case, the insulating part 410 can be constructed as an insulating coating sprayed on the outer peripheral surface of the protruding part of the reinforcing part 420 to prevent electrical connection between the reinforcing part 420 and the cell 2. Alternatively, the insulating part 410 can be constructed as an insulating member covering at least part of the outer peripheral surface of the reinforcing part 420. Regardless of whether the insulating coating or the insulating member is arranged, it is only necessary to ensure that the reinforcing member 4 can be located between the bottom of the cell 2 and the housing 1, and the insulating part 410 can provide insulation between the reinforcing member 4, the cell 2 and the housing 1.
[0041] The insulating part 410 can also be made of any suitable material with good insulation properties, such as a high-temperature resistant ceramic insulating coating material. The specific material can be made of one or more of carbides, borides or nitrides to meet the insulation requirements of the battery in daily use.
[0042] In a second aspect, this utility model provides a battery pack that includes the batteries mentioned in the above embodiments and has all the beneficial effects of the above embodiments. In this battery pack, there are multiple batteries arranged along a large surface. In this arrangement, when a battery experiences thermal runaway, the impact on adjacent normally functioning batteries on the large surface can be reduced, thereby reducing or preventing the spread of thermal runaway.
[0043] A third aspect of this utility model provides an electrical device that includes the battery pack mentioned in the above embodiments and has all the beneficial effects of the above embodiments. The electrical device can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, or power bank among smart devices; it can also be a lighting device such as a flashlight or work light; it can also be a cooking device such as an electric cooker, electric baking pan, or rice cooker; or it can be a pure electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, or range-extended vehicle among new energy vehicles. This embodiment does not limit it in any way.
[0044] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications and variations fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
Claims
1. A battery, characterized in that, include: The housing (1) has an internal cavity (110) and a first opening (101) at the bottom. The battery cell (2) is disposed within the receiving cavity (110); An explosion-proof valve (3) is provided on the housing (1) and the first opening (101) is sealed. The explosion-proof valve (3) has a weak part, which is used to open the battery after the internal pressure reaches a certain level to release the battery pressure. A reinforcing member (4) is provided in the receiving cavity (110) and located between the bottom of the battery cell (2) and the housing (1). The reinforcing member (4) has a second opening (401), which at least partially surrounds the outer periphery of the explosion-proof valve (3). The reinforcing member (4) includes an insulating part (410) and a reinforcing part (420), with the insulating part (410) at least partially covering the reinforcing part (420).
2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tensile strength of the reinforcing part (420) at a temperature of 400℃-700℃ is 150MPa-500MPa.
3. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing part (420) is made of at least one of stainless steel, nickel-based alloy, and titanium alloy.
4. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the orthographic projection of the reinforcing member (4) on the bottom of the housing (1), the second opening (401) completely covers the explosion-proof valve (3).
5. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first distance is provided between the reinforcing part (420) and the second opening (401).
6. The battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first distance is between 0.5mm and 5mm.
7. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the orthographic projection of the reinforcing member (4) on the bottom of the housing (1), the orthographic projection area of the second opening (401) is larger than the area of the explosion-proof valve (3), and the edge of the second opening (401) is spaced apart from the edge of the explosion-proof valve (3).
8. The battery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The distance between the second opening (401) and the explosion-proof valve (3) is 0.5mm-4mm.
9. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the positive projection area of the reinforcing part (420) on the reinforcing member (4) to the area of the reinforcing member (4) is 0.1-0.
6.
10. The battery according to claim 9, characterized in that, The projected area of the reinforcing part (420) on the reinforcing member (4) is 500 mm. 2 -5000mm 2 ; and / or, the area of the reinforcing member (4) is 1500 mm². 2 -15000mm 2 .
11. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second opening (401) is a through hole that penetrates the reinforcing member (4) along the thickness direction of the reinforcing member (4), and the center of the second opening (401) coincides with the center of the reinforcing part (420).
12. The battery according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The insulating part (410) is constructed as an insulating coating sprayed on at least part of the outer peripheral surface of the reinforcing part (420).
13. The battery according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The reinforcing part (420) is embedded inside the insulating part (410).
14. The battery according to claim 12, characterized in that, The insulating part (410) is a high-temperature resistant ceramic insulating coating.
15. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the thickness direction of the reinforcing member (4), the thickness of the reinforcing part (420) is 0.2mm-3mm.
16. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the battery as described in any one of claims 1-15, wherein the number of batteries is plurality and arranged along a large surface.
17. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack as described in claim 16.