A composite fiber laser, laser processing device, and laser processing system
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522538925.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-28
AI Technical Summary
[0009]本申请提供了一种复合光纤激光器，通过创新的光纤组束结构，实现红外和蓝光激光的高效复合输出，可以解决现有技术中存在的稳定性差、成本高的问题，同时兼具较大熔深与高吸收率特性
[0025]综上，本申请提供的复合光纤激光器，采用多个蓝光光纤环绕红外光纤组束成全光纤结构，可以省去空间合束光学元件，简化系统结构，降低成本。该全光纤结构可以避免外光路损伤风险，剥模器设计可以防止杂散光和回返光损坏泵源，双波长协同作用降低能量浪费，提升加工良率。
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Figure CN224817629U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fiber laser technology, and in particular to a composite fiber laser, a laser processing device, and a laser processing system. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of laser technology, laser processing has become an important processing method in the industrial manufacturing field. Among them, composite fiber lasers have become one of the most widely used laser types due to their high stability and high efficiency.
[0003] Metals such as copper, gold, and aluminum, widely used in new energy and other fields, have low absorption rates for commonly used composite fiber laser wavelengths (1050-1100nm) (e.g., copper's absorption rate for near-infrared wavelengths is less than 5%), and are therefore considered high-reflectivity metals. However, these metals can achieve absorption rates of over 40% for the 400-500nm blue light band. Welding these materials with infrared lasers requires high energy input and is prone to slag spatter, affecting weld quality. While blue lasers can achieve better surface finishes, their larger fiber core diameter and lower energy density make it difficult to form deep weld pools.
[0004] In existing technologies, to solve the above problems, an external optical path is typically used to spatially combine infrared laser and blue light. However, this approach has the following drawbacks:
[0005] 1. The external optical path has a complex structure, is easily damaged, and has poor stability;
[0006] 2. It requires two lasers and a beam combining head, which is costly;
[0007] 3. The system is difficult to maintain and lacks reliability.
[0008] Therefore, developing a composite fiber laser with simple structure, high stability, and low cost has significant practical value. Utility Model Content
[0009] This application provides a composite fiber laser that achieves efficient composite output of infrared and blue lasers through an innovative fiber bundle structure. This solves the problems of poor stability and high cost in the prior art, while also having the characteristics of large melting depth and high absorption rate.
[0010] In a first aspect, this application proposes a composite fiber laser, which includes a blue light module, an infrared laser module, and an end cap output module.
[0011] The blue light module includes multiple blue light pump sources; the blue light pump sources are used to output blue light, and the blue light is transmitted to the end cap output module;
[0012] The infrared laser module includes an infrared light source, which is used to output infrared laser light; the infrared laser light is transmitted to the end cap output module.
[0013] The end cap output module is used to bundle the blue optical fiber at the output end of the blue light module with the red optical fiber at the output end of the infrared laser module, and output the bundled composite light.
[0014] The infrared optical fiber is located at the center, and multiple blue optical fibers surround the infrared optical fiber.
[0015] As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of the blue optical fibers are symmetrically arranged around the infrared optical fiber.
[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the core centers of the multiple blue optical fibers in the end cap output module are located on the same circumference and have a concentric symmetrical structure.
[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the number of blue light optical fibers output from the multiple blue light pump sources arranged in a ring around the infrared optical fiber is greater than one row.
[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the infrared laser output power of the infrared light source is 1-20000W, and the core diameter of the infrared optical fiber is 10-200μm.
[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the input end of the end cap output module is fixed to the infrared optical fiber and the blue optical fiber by fusion splicing.
[0020] As a preferred embodiment, it further includes at least one first stripper (12) and a second stripper (22), wherein the first stripper (12) is disposed between the blue light pump source (11) and the end cap output module (30), and the second stripper (22) is disposed between the infrared light source (21) and the end cap output module (30); the first stripper and the second stripper are cladding light strippers with a stripping threshold power ≥10W.
[0021] As a preferred embodiment, the output end face of the end cap output module is coated with a dual-wavelength anti-reflection film.
[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the housing of the end cap output module is provided with a cooling module for cooling the end cap output module.
[0023] Secondly, this application also proposes a laser processing apparatus, including the composite fiber laser described above.
[0024] Thirdly, this application also proposes a laser processing system, including the laser processing apparatus described above.
[0025] In summary, the composite fiber laser provided in this application employs multiple blue fibers bundled around an infrared fiber to form an all-fiber structure, which eliminates the need for spatial bundle-combining optical components, simplifies the system structure, and reduces costs. This all-fiber structure avoids the risk of damage to the external optical path, the mode stripper design prevents stray light and backlight from damaging the pump source, and the synergistic effect of the dual wavelengths reduces energy waste and improves processing yield.
[0026] This application achieves the beaming of infrared and blue lasers to output a combined composite light. The combined composite light is homogenized in the end cap, where the blue laser is fully homogenized. This results in a stable molten pool when welding highly reflective metals. The red light is output from the center, resulting in a deeper weld depth. Compared to spatial beaming red and blue light schemes, this method offers higher stability and lower cost, providing significant processing advantages. Attached Figure Description
[0027] Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite fiber laser. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the fiber end face arrangement of an end cap output module is provided.
[0028] Figure 3 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite fiber laser.
[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the fiber end face arrangement of an end cap output module is provided.
[0030] Figure 5 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite fiber laser.
[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the fiber end face arrangement for another type of end cap output module provided;
[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the dot ring structure of the output beam of an end cap output module provided in this application.
[0033] The attached diagram is as follows:
[0034] 10. Blue light module; 11. Blue light pump source; 12. First stripper; 30. End cap output module; 20. Infrared laser module; 21. Infrared light source; 22. Second stripper; F1. Blue light fiber; F2. Infrared fiber; F3. Cladding. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the present application are shown in the drawings, not the entire structure. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from its spirit or scope, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the present application is intended to cover modifications and variations falling within the scope of the corresponding claims (the claimed technical solutions) and their equivalents. It should be noted that the implementation methods provided in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without contradiction.
[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a composite fiber laser provided in this application. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the fiber optic end face arrangement for an end cap output module is provided. (Reference) Figure 1 The composite fiber laser provided in this application embodiment includes a blue light module 10, an infrared laser module 20, and an end cap output module 30.
[0037] The blue light module 10 includes multiple blue light pump sources 11, which are used to output blue light, and the blue light is transmitted to the end cap output module 30.
[0038] The number of blue light pump sources 11 is n (n is a positive integer ≥ 2). For example... Figure 1 As shown (taking n=6 as an example), the output of each blue light pump source 11 is connected to the corresponding first mode stripper 12 via a blue light fiber F1. The number of first mode strippers 12 corresponds one-to-one with the number of blue light pump sources 11. After stripping stray light and return light, the first mode stripper 12 transmits the effective optical signal to the end cap output module 30.
[0039] Among them, the blue light pump source 11 is a blue semiconductor laser in the 400nm-500nm band, suitable for high-reflectivity metal processing. Depending on the characteristics of the processed material, its output power can be adjusted within the range of 10W-1kW; the embodiment of this application can be selected according to actual needs.
[0040] The infrared laser module 20 includes an infrared light source 21, which is used to output infrared laser light. The infrared laser light is transmitted to the end cap output module 30.
[0041] Specifically, the infrared light source 21 has a wavelength of 1050nm-1100nm and an adjustable output power of 1W-20000W, and is transmitted through an infrared optical fiber F2 with a core diameter of 10μm-200μm. The output end of the infrared light source 21 is connected to the input end of the second mode stripper 22 via the red optical fiber F2. The second mode stripper 22 is used to strip stray light and reflected light and transmit the effective laser to the end cap output module 30, thereby preventing stray light and reflected light from damaging the infrared light source 21.
[0042] In this application, the beam combining of the end cap output module 30 includes, as follows: Figure 7 The diagram illustrates a dot-ring shaped bundled composite light beam. The infrared laser output from the central infrared fiber F2 is located at the center of the end cap, while the blue light output from the peripheral blue fiber F1 is homogenized within the end cap output module 30, forming a uniform outer ring of blue light that surrounds the central infrared laser, creating a dot-ring shaped bundled composite light beam. The output end of the end cap output module 30 can homogenize the bundled composite light; specifically, it can homogenize the outer ring of blue light, further reducing spatter.
[0043] A mode stripper is a device that removes cladding laser light from a composite fiber laser without losing core laser light. It is widely used in medium / high / low composite fiber lasers, playing an important role in improving laser beam quality and reducing backlight. As a preferred embodiment, this application also includes multiple first mode strippers 12 and second mode strippers 22. At least one first mode stripper 12 is located between the blue light pump source 11 and the end cap output module 30. Blue light is transmitted to the end cap output module 30 after being stripped of stray and backlight light by the first mode stripper 12. The second mode stripper 22 is located between the infrared light source 21 and the end cap output module 30. Infrared laser light is transmitted to the end cap output module 30 after being stripped of stray and backlight light by the second mode stripper 22. The first mode stripper 12 and the second mode stripper 22 are cladding light strippers, capable of stripping leaked light from the cladding, with a stripping threshold power ≥10W.
[0044] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The end cap output module 30 is used to bundle the blue optical fiber F1 at the output end of the blue optical module 10 with the red optical fiber at the output end of the infrared laser module 20, and output the bundled composite light. Among them, the infrared optical fiber F2 is located in the center, and multiple blue optical fibers F1 surround the infrared optical fiber F2.
[0045] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 Multiple blue optical fibers F1 are symmetrically arranged around an infrared optical fiber F2. This structural design allows the laser power of the output combined beam to be uniformly distributed in a centrally symmetrical manner.
[0046] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2The core centers of the multiple blue optical fibers F1 in the end cap output module 30 are located on the same circumference, forming a concentric circular symmetrical structure. Alternatively, the multiple blue optical fibers F1 output from the multiple blue pump sources 11 are arranged in a ring at equal angles with the infrared optical fiber F2 as the axis. This structural design allows the laser power of the output combined beam to be uniformly distributed with central symmetry.
[0047] It should be noted that the core diameter of the infrared fiber F2 and the blue fiber F1 can be adapted to meet the output power requirements, and this application does not impose specific limitations on this.
[0048] Example 1
[0049] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides a composite fiber laser. The blue light module 10 of the composite fiber laser includes six blue light pump sources 11 and six first mode strippers 12. The red light fiber of the infrared laser module 20 is in the center, and the six blue light fibers F1 output by the blue light module 10 are symmetrically arranged around the red light fiber F2.
[0050] Among them, the infrared fiber F2 and multiple blue fiber F1 can be bundled together and nested in the cladding F3 for protection and fixation of the bundle. The material of the cladding F3 includes, but is not limited to, hollow glass tube.
[0051] During the processing of highly reflective metals, the blue light emitted from the six blue light pump sources 11 is stripped of stray and reflected light by the first stripper 12 and then transmitted to the end cap output module 30 via blue optical fiber F1. The infrared laser emitted from the infrared light source 21 is stripped of stray and reflected light by the second stripper 22 and then transmitted to the end cap output module 30 via red optical fiber F2. The infrared optical fiber F2, located at the center, uses a smaller core diameter (10μm-200μm) to achieve a larger melt depth. The bundle of blue optical fibers F1 on the periphery can output blue light with a wavelength of 400nm-500nm, which improves the absorption rate of the highly reflective metal, reduces spatter, and enables the highly reflective metal to absorb and form a stable melt pool, resulting in a better surface processing effect.
[0052] Example 2
[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the fiber end faces of another end cap output module provided in this application. Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the fiber end face arrangement of an end cap output module is provided for reference. Figure 3 and Figure 4This application provides another composite fiber laser. The blue light module 10 of the composite fiber laser includes four blue light pump sources 11 and four first mode strippers 12. The red light fiber F2 output by the infrared laser module 20 is in the center, and the four blue light fibers F1 output by the blue light module 10 are symmetrically arranged around the infrared fiber F2 and nested in the cladding F3.
[0054] During the processing of highly reflective metals, the blue light emitted from the four blue light pump sources 11 is stripped of stray and reflected light by the first stripper 12 and then transmitted to the end cap output module 30 via blue optical fiber F1. The infrared laser emitted from the infrared light source 21 is stripped of stray and reflected light by the second stripper 22 and then transmitted to the end cap output module 30 via red optical fiber F2. The infrared optical fiber F2 located in the center has a smaller core diameter (10μm-200μm) to form a larger melt depth. The bundle of the four outer blue optical fibers F1 can output blue light with a wavelength of 400nm-500nm, which improves the absorption rate of the highly reflective metal, reduces spatter, and enables the highly reflective metal to absorb and form a stable melt pool, resulting in a better surface processing effect.
[0055] Based on the above embodiments, when there are a large number of blue light pump sources, the number of blue light optical fibers output by multiple blue light pump sources arranged in a ring around the infrared optical fiber is greater than one row.
[0056] Example 3
[0057] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the fiber end faces of another end cap output module provided in this application. Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the fiber end face arrangement of an end cap output module is provided for reference. Figure 5 and Figure 6 This application provides another composite fiber laser. The blue light module 10 of the composite fiber laser includes 18 blue light pump sources 11 and 18 first mode strippers 12. The red light fiber of the infrared laser module 20 is in the center. The six blue light fibers F1 output by the six blue light modules 10 are symmetrically arranged around the infrared fiber F2 in the first ring. The twelve blue light fibers F1 output by the twelve blue light modules 10 are symmetrically arranged around the infrared fiber F2 in the second ring. All of them are nested in the cladding F3.
[0058] During the processing of highly reflective metals, the blue light emitted from 18 blue light pump sources 11 is stripped of stray and reflected light by the first stripper 12 and then transmitted to the end cap output module 30 via blue optical fiber F1. The infrared laser emitted from the infrared light source 21 is stripped of stray and reflected light by the second stripper 22 and then transmitted to the end cap output module 30 via red optical fiber F2. The infrared optical fiber F2 located at the center has a smaller core diameter (10μm-200μm) to form a larger melting depth. The bundle of 18 blue optical fibers F1 on the periphery can output blue light with a wavelength of 400nm-500nm, forming a large blue light processing area. This can improve the absorption rate of highly reflective metals, further reduce spatter, and enable the highly reflective metals to absorb and form a stable molten pool, resulting in a better surface processing effect.
[0059] Optionally, the infrared fiber F2 and the blue fiber F1 at the input end of the end cap output module 30 are fixed by fusion splicing, and a dual-wavelength antireflection coating is deposited on the output end face of the end cap output module 30. This can increase the laser power of the combined beam at the output end of the end cap output module 30. The antireflection band of the dual-wavelength antireflection coating is the blue light band output by the blue light pump source 11 and the infrared light band of the infrared light source 21.
[0060] Optionally, the housing of the end cap output module 30 may be equipped with a cooling module. Figure 1 (Not shown in the image), used for cooling the end cap output module 30. The cooling module can be a water-cooling device, an air-cooling device, etc.
[0061] In summary, the composite fiber laser of this application, which uses optical fiber as the medium, employs multiple blue optical fibers bundled around an infrared fiber to form an all-fiber structure. This eliminates the need for spatial bundle-combining optical components, simplifies the system structure, and reduces costs. This all-fiber structure avoids the risk of damage to the external optical path, and the mode stripper design prevents stray and reflected light from damaging the pump source. The synergistic effect of the dual wavelengths reduces energy waste and improves processing yield.
[0062] This application achieves the beaming of infrared and blue lasers to output a combined composite light. The combined composite light is homogenized in the end cap, where the blue laser is fully homogenized. This results in a stable molten pool when welding highly reflective metals. The red light is output from the center, resulting in a deeper weld depth. Compared to spatial beaming red and blue laser schemes, this approach offers higher stability and lower cost, providing significant processing advantages.
[0063] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a laser processing apparatus. This apparatus includes the composite fiber laser provided in the above embodiments as a laser processing light source, capable of performing precision processing on materials such as cutting, welding, marking, drilling, and surface treatment. The laser processing apparatus also includes a control system, a motion platform, etc., which will not be shown individually here.
[0064] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a laser processing system, which includes the laser processing apparatus provided in the above embodiments.
[0065] Note that the above are merely preferred embodiments and technical principles of this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and the features of various embodiments of this application can be partially or wholly coupled or combined with each other, and can cooperate and be technically driven in various ways. Various obvious changes, readjustments, combinations, and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, although this application has been described in detail through the above embodiments, this application is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of this application, and the scope of this application is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1. A composite fiber laser, characterized in that, It includes a blue light module (10), an infrared laser module (20), and an end cap output module (30). The blue light module (10) includes multiple blue light pump sources (11), which are used to output blue light, and the blue light is transmitted to the end cap output module (30). The infrared laser module (20) includes an infrared light source (21) for outputting infrared laser; the infrared laser is transmitted to the end cap output module (30). The end cap output module (30) is used to bundle the blue optical fiber (F1) at the output end of the blue light module (10) with the infrared optical fiber at the output end of the infrared laser module (20) and output the bundled composite light. The infrared optical fiber (F2) is located at the center, and multiple blue optical fibers (F1) surround the infrared optical fiber (F2).
2. The composite fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple blue optical fibers (F1) are symmetrically arranged around the infrared optical fiber (F2).
3. The composite fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core centers of the multiple blue optical fibers (F1) of the end cap output module (30) are located on the same circle, and are a concentric circle symmetrical structure.
4. The composite fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of blue light optical fibers (F1) output by multiple blue light pump sources (11) arranged in a ring around the infrared optical fiber (F2) is greater than one row.
5. The composite fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The infrared laser output power of the infrared light source (21) is 1W-20000W, and the core diameter of the infrared optical fiber (F2) is 10μm-200μm.
6. The composite fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input end of the end cap output module (30) is fixed to the infrared optical fiber (F2) and the blue optical fiber (F1) by fusion splicing.
7. The composite fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes at least one first stripper (12) and a second stripper (22), the first stripper (12) being located between the blue light pump source (11) and the end cap output module (30), and the second stripper (22) being located between the infrared light source (21) and the end cap output module (30); the first stripper (12) and the second stripper (22) are cladding light strippers with a stripping threshold power ≥10W.
8. The composite fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output end face of the end cap output module (30) is coated with a dual-wavelength anti-reflection film.
9. The composite fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing of the end cap output module (30) is provided with a cooling module for cooling the end cap output module (30).
10. A laser processing apparatus, characterized in that, Includes the composite fiber laser as described in any one of claims 1-9.
11. A laser processing system, characterized in that, Includes the laser processing apparatus of claim 10.