Power distribution management system for unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The utility model belongs to unmanned plane technical field discloses a kind of power distribution management system of unmanned plane.The system includes: PCB board, PCU chip being equipped on the PCB board, first voltage acquisition circuit, second voltage acquisition circuit, third voltage acquisition circuit, first current acquisition circuit and second current acquisition circuit being equipped on the PCB board and being located input side;Secondary power converter, solid-state switch and solid-state power controller being equipped on the PCB board and being located output side.The input side of the PCB board is detachably connected to the A coil of generator, B coil, ground power supply and battery;Output side is connected to different types of electrical equipment through secondary power converter, solid-state switch and solid-state power controller.The utility model has the advantages of small structure, simple wiring, multifunctional integration, centralized power distribution can be carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, specifically to a power distribution management system for UAVs. Background Technology

[0002] Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are classified into micro UAVs, light UAVs, small UAVs, medium UAVs, and large UAVs based on their empty weight and maximum takeoff weight. Among them, medium and large UAVs have significant application prospects in smart agriculture scenarios such as pesticide spraying and crop monitoring, as well as in scientific research scenarios such as remote sensing mapping and meteorological observation.

[0003] In various types of drones, proper power distribution management is fundamental to their basic operation. Existing drone power distribution management modules consist of independently configured hardware power distribution devices, such as independent secondary power converters, power distribution boxes, and payload controllers, which are then electrically connected according to power distribution requirements.

[0004] When this type of power distribution management module is applied to large and medium-sized drones, it has the following technical defects: large and medium-sized drones are not simply scaled-up micro-drones. The number and types of controlled devices involved are far greater than those of micro-drones. This results in large space occupation, messy wiring, and easy occurrence of power supply abnormalities during subsequent applications, which are difficult to troubleshoot. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a power distribution management system for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to solve the technical problem that existing general-purpose power distribution management modules for UAVs cannot be effectively applied to medium and large-sized UAVs.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes the following technical solution: This technical solution provides a power distribution management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), comprising: a PCB board, a PCU chip disposed on the PCB board, a first voltage acquisition circuit, a second voltage acquisition circuit, a third voltage acquisition circuit, a first current acquisition circuit, and a second current acquisition circuit disposed on the PCB board and located on the input side; and a secondary power converter, a solid-state switch, and a solid-state power controller disposed on the PCB board and located on the output side. The input terminal of the first voltage acquisition circuit is detachably electrically connected to the A-coil of the generator, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the first input pin of the PCU chip; the input terminal of the second voltage acquisition circuit is detachably electrically connected to the B-coil of the generator, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the second input pin of the PCU chip; the input terminal of the third voltage acquisition circuit is detachably electrically connected to the battery, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the third input pin of the PCU chip. The input terminal of the first current acquisition circuit is detachably connected to the generator's A-coil, the battery, and the ground power supply. Its output terminal is connected to a first type of electrical device via the secondary power converter and to a second type of electrical device via the solid-state switch. The input terminal of the second current acquisition circuit is detachably connected to the generator's B-coil, and its output terminal is connected to a third type of electrical device via the solid-state power controller. The first type of electrical device is a low-load device that is constantly powered on; the second type of electrical device is a low-load device that is powered off or on as needed; and the third type of electrical device is a high-load device that is powered off or on as needed. The first output pin of the PCU chip is connected to the flight control computer, the second output pin is connected to the solid-state switch, and the third output pin is connected to the solid-state power controller.

[0007] Furthermore, it includes several sets of secondary power converters, the output of each set of secondary power converters being electrically connected to the first type of electrical equipment of the same subclass; Each set of secondary power converters consists of at least two secondary power converters, and the rated operating voltage of the first type of electrical equipment in each subcategory is different.

[0008] Furthermore, it includes a first busbar and a second busbar; the input terminal of the first busbar is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first current acquisition circuit, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the secondary power converter and the solid-state switch; the input terminal of the second busbar is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second current acquisition circuit, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the solid-state power controller.

[0009] Furthermore, it includes: a first filter, a second filter, a third filter, and a fourth filter; The input terminal of the first filter is detachably electrically connected to the A-coil of the generator, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminals of the first voltage acquisition circuit and the first current acquisition circuit; the input terminal of the second filter is detachably electrically connected to the B-coil of the generator, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminals of the second voltage acquisition circuit and the second current acquisition circuit; the input terminal of the third filter is electrically connected to the battery, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminals of the third voltage acquisition circuit and the first current acquisition circuit; the input terminal of the fourth filter is detachably electrically connected to the ground power supply, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the first current acquisition circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, it includes: a first diode, a second diode, and a third diode; The first diode is connected to the output terminal of the first filter, the second diode is connected to the output terminal of the second filter, and the third diode is connected to the output terminal of the fourth filter.

[0011] Furthermore, it includes a first connector, a second connector, a third connector, and a fourth connector disposed on the PCB board and located on the input side; The first connector corresponds to the A-circuit coil of the generator to achieve its detachable electrical connection, the second connector corresponds to the B-circuit coil of the generator to achieve its detachable electrical connection, the third connector corresponds to the battery to achieve its detachable electrical connection, and the fourth connector corresponds to the ground power supply to achieve its detachable electrical connection.

[0012] Furthermore, the output terminals of the fourth connector include an A-channel output terminal and a B-channel output terminal. The A-channel output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the first current acquisition circuit, and the B-channel output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the second current acquisition circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, the model number of the PCU chip is: TMS320F28335PTPMEP.

[0014] Furthermore, it includes several DC converters; the input terminal of each DC converter is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first voltage acquisition circuit, the second voltage acquisition circuit, and the third voltage acquisition circuit, and the output terminal is electrically connected to each input pin of the PCU chip.

[0015] Beneficial effects: This technical solution provides a power distribution management system for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to address the technical shortcomings of existing general-purpose power distribution management modules for UAVs, which are not effectively applicable to medium and large-sized UAVs.

[0016] The system includes: a PCB board; a PCU chip mounted on the PCB board; a first voltage acquisition circuit, a second voltage acquisition circuit, a third voltage acquisition circuit, a first current acquisition circuit, and a second current acquisition circuit mounted on the PCB board and located on the input side; and a secondary power converter, a solid-state switch, and a solid-state power controller mounted on the PCB board and located on the output side. The input terminal of the first voltage acquisition circuit is detachably electrically connected to the A-coil of the generator, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the first input pin of the PCU chip; the input terminal of the second voltage acquisition circuit is detachably electrically connected to the B-coil of the generator, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the second input pin of the PCU chip; the input terminal of the third voltage acquisition circuit is detachably electrically connected to the battery, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the third input pin of the PCU chip. The input terminal of the first current acquisition circuit is detachably connected to the generator's A-coil, the battery, and the ground power supply. Its output terminal is connected to a first type of electrical device via the secondary power converter and to a second type of electrical device via the solid-state switch. The input terminal of the second current acquisition circuit is detachably connected to the generator's B-coil, and its output terminal is connected to a third type of electrical device via the solid-state power controller. The first type of electrical device is a low-load device that is constantly powered on; the second type is a low-load device that is powered on or off as needed; and the third type is a high-load device that is powered on or off as needed. The first output pin of the PCU chip is communicatively connected to the flight control computer, the second output pin is communicatively connected to the solid-state switch, and the third output pin is communicatively connected to the solid-state power controller.

[0017] Based on this, this technical solution can simultaneously achieve integrated power management for various power sources, including generators, batteries, and ground power supplies, in different scenarios, and classifies and controls power distribution according to the type of electrical equipment; thus realizing the integrated design of the overall power distribution. Furthermore, by separating the input and output circuits on different sides of the PCB board, wiring connections are facilitated, improving wiring simplicity and safety in subsequent practical applications. Moreover, since the electrical equipment is classified according to whether it needs to be continuously powered and the load level, intelligent control during subsequent power consumption is also facilitated, improving power safety.

[0018] It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and the additional concepts described in more detail below can be considered as part of the utility model subject matter of this disclosure, provided that such concepts do not contradict each other.

[0019] The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments, and features of the present invention will be more fully understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Other additional aspects of the present invention, such as features and / or beneficial effects of exemplary embodiments, will become apparent from the following description or may be learned through practice of specific embodiments according to the teachings of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in the various figures may be denoted by the same reference numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in each figure. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a structural topology diagram of the power distribution management system for the UAV described in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains.

[0022] The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in this utility model patent application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms of "an," "a," or "the," etc., do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" indicate that the element or object preceding "comprising" encompasses the features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, and / or components listed following "comprising" or "including," and do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or collections thereof. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0023] Existing UAV power distribution management modules consist of independently configured power distribution devices. When applied to medium and large-sized UAVs, this results in problems such as large space occupation, messy wiring, and susceptibility to power supply anomalies that are difficult to troubleshoot during subsequent use. Therefore, this embodiment aims to provide a power distribution management system for UAVs to address the aforementioned shortcomings of power distribution management modules in medium and large-sized UAVs.

[0024] The power distribution management system for unmanned aerial vehicles disclosed in this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the system is designed based on a PCB board and includes a PCU chip on the PCB board, voltage and current acquisition circuits on the PCB board located on the input side, and a secondary power converter, a solid-state switch, and a solid-state power controller on the PCB board located on the output side. Specifically, the voltage acquisition circuits include a first voltage acquisition circuit, a second voltage acquisition circuit, and a third voltage acquisition circuit; the current acquisition circuits include a first current acquisition circuit and a second current acquisition circuit.

[0026] In the specific circuit connection, the input terminal of the first voltage acquisition circuit is detachably electrically connected to the A-coil of the generator, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the first input pin of the PCU chip; the input terminal of the second voltage acquisition circuit is detachably electrically connected to the B-coil of the generator, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the second input pin of the PCU chip; the input terminal of the third voltage acquisition circuit is detachably electrically connected to the battery, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the third input pin of the PCU chip. Specifically, it also includes several DC converters. The input terminal of each DC converter is electrically connected to the output terminals of the first, second, and third voltage acquisition circuits, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input pins of the PCU chip, respectively. This converts various power signals into a 5V voltage signal compatible with the PCU chip. In this embodiment, the specific model of the DC converter is TPS767D301.

[0027] Meanwhile, in practical implementation, considering that the existing ground power supply will display the voltage signal in real time, this embodiment does not design a voltage acquisition circuit for the ground power supply to reduce the cost of the entire system.

[0028] The input terminal of the first current acquisition circuit is detachably connected to the generator's A-coil, the battery, and the ground power supply. Its output terminal is connected to the first type of electrical equipment via the secondary power converter and to the second type of electrical equipment via the solid-state switch. The input terminal of the second current acquisition circuit is detachably connected to the generator's B-coil, and its output terminal is connected to the third type of electrical equipment via the solid-state power controller. In this embodiment, the first type of electrical equipment is low-load equipment that is constantly powered on, specifically including: flight control computer, data link, inertial navigation system, air data computer, radio altimeter, etc. The second type of electrical equipment is low-load equipment that is powered off or on as needed, specifically including: heated pitot tube, navigation lights, flap controller, fuel tank solenoid valve, windshield servo, etc. The third type of electrical equipment is high-load equipment that is powered off or on as needed, specifically including: pods, satellite communication devices, etc. In this specific implementation, the secondary power converter is model LDFH500-24S28PSZ4, the solid-state switch is model IAUT300N10S5N015, and the solid-state power controller is model MDSPC28M-25xL. Furthermore, since the secondary voltage converter also integrates voltage regulation, power supply safety can be further ensured.

[0029] In practical implementation, considering that the ground power supply is the main power source for the UAV during ground maintenance or testing, it is configured to be divided into output terminals A and B on the PCB board after being connected to the system. Output terminal A is electrically connected to the input terminal of the first current acquisition circuit, thereby supplying power to the first and second types of electrical devices. Output terminal B is electrically connected to the input terminal of the second current acquisition circuit, thereby supplying power to the third type of electrical device.

[0030] Meanwhile, considering electrical safety, as a specific implementation method, a first busbar and a second busbar are provided. The input terminal of the first busbar is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first current acquisition circuit, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminals of the secondary power converter and the solid-state switch. The input terminal of the second busbar is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second current acquisition circuit, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the solid-state power controller. In this way, through the first and second busbars, different input power sources are integrated into a busbar for power distribution, ensuring unified management of multi-path power inputs and guaranteeing the electrical safety of various electrical devices.

[0031] Meanwhile, the secondary power converter is configured with several groups of secondary power converters, each group's output terminal electrically connected to the first-class electrical equipment of the same subclass. Specifically, each group of secondary power converters consists of at least two secondary power converters, and the rated operating voltages of the first-class electrical equipment in each subclass are different. This allows for more refined power distribution allocation for the first-class electrical equipment in each subclass based on different rated operating voltages, further improving the intelligence and rationality of power distribution. For example, one group of secondary power converters is used for first-class electrical equipment with a rated operating voltage of 12V; another group is used for first-class electrical equipment with a rated operating voltage of 28V. Furthermore, since each subclass of first-class electrical equipment corresponds to multiple secondary voltage converters, parallel redundancy design can also ensure electrical safety. In specific implementation, in this embodiment, one group of secondary voltage converters consists of two secondary voltage converters.

[0032] To improve the stability of various power signals on the input side and ensure the stable operation of subsequent electrical equipment, a first filter, a second filter, a third filter, and a fourth filter are also installed on the input side of the PCB board. Specifically, the input terminal of the first filter is detachably electrically connected to the A-coil of the generator, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminals of the first voltage acquisition circuit and the first current acquisition circuit. The input terminal of the second filter is detachably electrically connected to the B-coil of the generator, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminals of the second voltage acquisition circuit and the second current acquisition circuit. The input terminal of the third filter is electrically connected to the battery, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminals of the third voltage acquisition circuit and the first current acquisition circuit. The input terminal of the fourth filter is detachably electrically connected to the ground power supply, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the first current acquisition circuit.

[0033] Meanwhile, for electrical safety considerations, a first diode, a second diode, and a third diode are also installed to prevent backflow. Specifically, the first diode is connected to the output terminal of the first filter, the second diode is connected to the output terminal of the second filter, and the third diode is connected to the output terminal of the fourth filter. In actual implementation, considering the charging characteristics of the battery, a corresponding anti-reverse current diode was not designed.

[0034] In one specific implementation, to facilitate detachable electrical connection of the generator, ground power supply, and battery, a first connector, a second connector, a third connector, and a fourth connector are provided on the input side of the PCB board. Specifically, the first connector corresponds to the A-coil of the generator for detachable electrical connection, the second connector corresponds to the B-coil of the generator for detachable electrical connection, the third connector corresponds to the battery for detachable electrical connection, and the fourth connector corresponds to the ground power supply for detachable electrical connection. In this case, when switching power types, only the corresponding connector needs to be operated. Specifically, the ground power supply is divided into an A-output terminal and a B-output terminal via the fourth connector.

[0035] The first output pin of the PCU chip is connected to the flight control computer, the second output pin is connected to the solid-state switch, and the third output pin is connected to the solid-state power controller.

[0036] In summary, the functions of this embodiment include, but are not limited to: combining and distributing various power sources, converting secondary power supplies, controlling and protecting non-emergency loads, and bus communication. Specifically, the PCU chip is responsible for sending the collected voltage and current signals to the flight control computer via the bus protocol, enabling the flight control computer to monitor the power system status, including power source and status. The filter is responsible for rectifying and filtering power from different sources to obtain clean power. Each voltage and current acquisition circuit is responsible for collecting input power information and circuit power consumption, transmitting it to the PCU chip for direct power status monitoring by the crew. The busbar is responsible for integrating different input power sources into a bus before power distribution, ensuring multiple power sources, achieving power redundancy, and ensuring the safety of electrical appliances. The secondary power converter is used to perform secondary conversion of the bus voltage to the rated voltage required for the operation of different Class I electrical equipment, and it has the characteristics of input / output isolation, wide input voltage range, and stable output voltage; for each output voltage, two secondary power converters are connected in parallel for redundancy to ensure the safety of electrical equipment. Solid-state switches control the power supply to the second category of electrical equipment, such as fuel pumps and navigation lights. The flight control computer sends commands to the PCU chip to control the opening and closing of the solid-state switches. Solid-state power controllers control the power supply to the third category of electrical equipment. The flight control computer sends commands to the PCU chip via a bus protocol, and the PCU controls the opening and closing of the solid-state power controllers. In the event of an overload in a power circuit, the solid-state power controller can automatically disconnect, protecting the circuit and the electrical equipment. This achieves integrated, intelligent, and centralized power distribution management for medium to large-sized UAVs.

[0037] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, although this embodiment is designed for medium to large-sized UAVs, it is also well-suited for micro-sized UAVs. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A power distribution management system for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), characterized in that, include: The PCB board includes a PCU chip mounted on the PCB board, a first voltage acquisition circuit, a second voltage acquisition circuit, a third voltage acquisition circuit, a first current acquisition circuit, and a second current acquisition circuit mounted on the PCB board and located on the input side; and a secondary power converter, a solid-state switch, and a solid-state power controller mounted on the PCB board and located on the output side. The input terminal of the first voltage acquisition circuit is detachably electrically connected to the A-coil of the generator, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the first input pin of the PCU chip; the input terminal of the second voltage acquisition circuit is detachably electrically connected to the B-coil of the generator, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the second input pin of the PCU chip; the input terminal of the third voltage acquisition circuit is detachably electrically connected to the battery, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the third input pin of the PCU chip. The input terminal of the first current acquisition circuit is detachably connected to the generator's A-coil, the battery, and the ground power supply. Its output terminal is connected to a first type of electrical device via the secondary power converter and to a second type of electrical device via the solid-state switch. The input terminal of the second current acquisition circuit is detachably connected to the generator's B-coil, and its output terminal is connected to a third type of electrical device via the solid-state power controller. The first type of electrical device is a low-load device that is constantly powered on; the second type of electrical device is a low-load device that is powered off or on as needed; and the third type of electrical device is a high-load device that is powered off or on as needed. The first output pin of the PCU chip is connected to the flight control computer, the second output pin is connected to the solid-state switch, and the third output pin is connected to the solid-state power controller.

2. The power distribution management system for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes several sets of secondary power converters, and the output of each set of secondary power converters is electrically connected to the first type of electrical equipment of the same subclass; Each set of secondary power converters consists of at least two secondary power converters, and the rated operating voltage of the first type of electrical equipment in each subcategory is different.

3. The power distribution management system for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a first busbar and a second busbar; the input terminal of the first busbar is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first current acquisition circuit, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the secondary power converter and the solid-state switch; the input terminal of the second busbar is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second current acquisition circuit, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the solid-state power controller.

4. The power distribution management system for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: First filter, second filter, third filter, and fourth filter; The input terminal of the first filter is detachably electrically connected to the A-coil of the generator, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminals of the first voltage acquisition circuit and the first current acquisition circuit; the input terminal of the second filter is detachably electrically connected to the B-coil of the generator, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminals of the second voltage acquisition circuit and the second current acquisition circuit; the input terminal of the third filter is electrically connected to the battery, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminals of the third voltage acquisition circuit and the first current acquisition circuit; the input terminal of the fourth filter is detachably electrically connected to the ground power supply, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the first current acquisition circuit.

5. The power distribution management system for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that, include: First diode, second diode, and third diode; The first diode is connected to the output terminal of the first filter, the second diode is connected to the output terminal of the second filter, and the third diode is connected to the output terminal of the fourth filter.

6. The power distribution management system for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a first connector, a second connector, a third connector, and a fourth connector, which are disposed on the PCB board and located on the input side; The first connector corresponds to the A-circuit coil of the generator to achieve its detachable electrical connection, the second connector corresponds to the B-circuit coil of the generator to achieve its detachable electrical connection, the third connector corresponds to the battery to achieve its detachable electrical connection, and the fourth connector corresponds to the ground power supply to achieve its detachable electrical connection.

7. The power distribution management system for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that, The output terminals of the fourth connector include an A-channel output terminal and a B-channel output terminal. The A-channel output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the first current acquisition circuit, and the B-channel output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the second current acquisition circuit.

8. The power distribution management system for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The model number of the PCU chip is: TMS320F28335PTPMEP.

9. The power distribution management system for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes several DC converters; the input terminal of each DC converter is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first voltage acquisition circuit, the second voltage acquisition circuit, and the third voltage acquisition circuit, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input pin of the PCU chip.

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