A photovoltaic-photothermal assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic light heat component, including the cover plate, first encapsulation, photovoltaic cell, second encapsulation and heat collector who set gradually in order along the light ray penetration direction. Heat collector is directly connected with photovoltaic cell through second encapsulation, and this heat collector contains integrally connected first flat plate and branch pipe. This structure removes conventional backboard and heat conducting glue, and directly takes heat collector as core heat transfer structure, simplifies the laminated structure, reduces the thermal resistance, not only has promoted the heat transfer efficiency, also has realized the simplification of component structure, the simplification of assembly and the reduction of production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic and solar thermal module technology. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic-Thermal (PVT) technology is a comprehensive solar energy utilization technology that combines photovoltaic power generation with solar thermal utilization. This technology simultaneously achieves photoelectric conversion and solar thermal collection in the same device, overcoming the impact of the solar thermal effect on photoelectric conversion efficiency while also generating heat energy, thereby improving the overall utilization efficiency of solar energy.

[0003] Please see Figure 1 A traditional PVT structure includes a cover plate stacked sequentially along the direction of light transmission, a photovoltaic cell with an encapsulation on its outer surface, a backplate, and a heat-conducting plate connected to the backplate by thermally conductive adhesive. A branch pipe is then connected to the side of the heat-conducting plate away from the backplate.

[0004] The cover plate is usually made of glass, allowing light to penetrate and reach the photovoltaic cell to generate electricity; the back plate is made of glass or polymer materials such as PET; the encapsulation body is melted by heat in the lamination process to bond the cover plate, photovoltaic cell and back plate together, and the cover plate and back plate insulate the top and bottom sides of the photovoltaic cell; as for the heat conduction plate, it is mostly made of metal materials such as aluminum plate and copper plate in order to obtain good heat transfer effect and reduce the negative impact of photothermal effect on photoelectric effect.

[0005] Current photovoltaic thermal modules have many structural layers. In particular, for the collector, the backsheet acts as a thermal barrier, which hinders the efficiency of heat transfer in the collector. On the other hand, thermally conductive adhesive is needed to fill the gaps between the heat-conducting plate and the backsheet, as well as between the branch pipe and the heat-conducting plate, resulting in a redundant structure and complicated assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and improve the technical problem of structural redundancy in existing photovoltaic and solar thermal modules.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows.

[0008] A photovoltaic thermal module includes a cover plate, a first encapsulation body, a photovoltaic cell, and a second encapsulation body, which are stacked sequentially along the light transmission direction, and also includes a heat collector; The solar collector is attached to the photovoltaic cell via the second encapsulation body; The solar collector includes a first plate adapted to the second encapsulation body, and a branch pipe is provided on the other side of the first plate.

[0009] Preferably, the first encapsulation body can be a transparent material such as glass or transparent ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer).

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the branch pipes are linearly distributed on the same side of the first plate, and the thickness of the collector is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the branch pipes, so that the sidewall portion of the branch pipes is embedded in the first plate.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the wall thickness of the branch pipe is equal to the thickness of the first plate, and the outer wall of the branch pipe is tangential to the side of the first plate near the photovoltaic cell.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the first flat plate and the branch pipe are made of aluminum profiles.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the side of the branch pipe away from the first flat plate is also provided with a heat insulation layer.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, a second plate is symmetrically arranged on the side of the branch pipe away from the first plate.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, a support plate is provided between the first plate and the second plate, and the branch pipe is provided between adjacent support plates.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the cover plate includes one of glass, fluoropolymer plate, and polycarbonate plate.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the thickness of the first plate and / or the second plate, as well as the wall thickness of the branch pipe, are both between 0.8mm and 1.2mm.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the outer side of the first encapsulation body and / or the second encapsulation body includes at least one of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyolefin elastomer (POE), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyvinyl butyral (PVB).

[0019] As a preferred technical solution, the insulating layer of the second package is made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and the hot melt layer is made of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVE).

[0020] The advantages and beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Structural optimization improves the integration and thermal efficiency of the photovoltaic thermal module. Specifically, the module uses a method where the collector is directly connected to the photovoltaic cell through a second encapsulation, eliminating or reducing the use of traditional backsheets and thermally conductive adhesives, reducing thermal resistance caused by multi-layer structures, improving heat transfer efficiency, simplifying the assembly process, and reducing manufacturing costs. The first plate and branch pipe in the collector are integrally formed, further reducing weight and material usage, and enhancing the overall structural compactness and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 It is a photovoltaic thermal module as shown in the prior art; Figure 2 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the photovoltaic thermal module structure shown in this utility model; Figure 3 This is the second schematic diagram of the photovoltaic thermal module structure shown in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged view of the photovoltaic thermal module collector shown in this utility model; Figure label: 1-Cover plate, 2-First encapsulation body, 3-Photovoltaic cell, 4-Second encapsulation body, 41-Hot melt layer, 42-Insulation layer, 5-Collector, 51-First plate, 52-Branch pipe, 53-Second plate, 54-Support plate, 6-Insulation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, not the entire structure. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, used in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0024] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly or implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0025] Please compare. Figure 1 See Figures 2-3 This embodiment provides a photovoltaic-thermal module, including a cover plate 1, a first encapsulation body 2, a photovoltaic cell 3, a second encapsulation body 4, and a collector 5, which are stacked sequentially along the light transmission direction. The collector 5 is directly connected to the photovoltaic cell 3 through the second encapsulation body 4. The collector 5 includes a first plate 51 adapted to the second encapsulation body 4 and a branch pipe 52 located on the side of the first plate 51 away from the photovoltaic cell 3. The branch pipe 52 is integrally connected to the first plate 51. This structure eliminates the traditional backplate and thermally conductive adhesive, using the collector 5 directly as the core heat transfer structure, simplifying the stacked structure, reducing thermal resistance, improving heat transfer efficiency, and achieving a streamlined module structure, simplified assembly, and reduced production costs.

[0026] In order to optimize the distribution and heat transfer effect of the branch pipes 52, the technical solution provided in this embodiment is that the branch pipes 52 are linearly distributed on the same side of the first plate 51, and the side wall portion of the branch pipes 52 is embedded in the first plate 51.

[0027] Specifically, the branch pipe 52 can be produced by a push-forming process to obtain an aluminum profile with a completely consistent cross-section, thereby improving production efficiency and structural consistency; the branch pipe 52 can be embedded in the first plate 51 to enhance the thermal contact area between the first plate 51 and the branch pipe 52, while improving the uniformity of heat conduction and avoiding local overheating.

[0028] To ensure efficient heat transfer between the branch pipe 52 and the first plate 51, this embodiment provides a technical solution where the wall thickness of the branch pipe 52 is equal to the thickness of the first plate 51, and the outer wall of the branch pipe 52 is tangentially positioned to the side of the first plate 51 closest to the photovoltaic cell 3. After heat flow from the photovoltaic cell 3 is transferred to the first plate 51 through the second encapsulation 4, it can be evenly distributed to the branch pipe 52, reducing thermal resistance and improving overall thermal efficiency. Simultaneously, the tangential positioning avoids abrupt structural changes and reduces flow resistance.

[0029] To select lightweight materials with good thermal conductivity, the technical solution provided in this embodiment is to use aluminum profiles for the first plate 51 and the branch pipe 52. Aluminum profiles have good thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and machinability, making them suitable for mass production. An alternative solution is to use copper pipes for the first plate 51 and the branch pipe 52.

[0030] Specifically, aluminum profiles can be manufactured through extrusion molding to achieve an integrated structure of the first flat plate 51 and the branch pipe 52, avoiding thermal resistance at the connection interface and reducing the weight of the component.

[0031] In some embodiments, to reduce heat loss, the technical solution provided in this embodiment includes an insulation layer 6 on the side of the branch pipe 52 away from the first plate 51, with the branch pipe 52 embedded in the insulation layer 6. The insulation layer 6 is made of a low thermal conductivity material such as polyurethane or rock wool, which effectively prevents heat loss to the environment, ensures that heat is effectively carried by the fluid, and improves the efficiency of photothermal utilization. At the same time, the embedded design avoids gaps between the insulation layer 6 and the branch pipe 52, further optimizing the insulation effect.

[0032] In some embodiments, to enhance the rigidity and stability of the structure, the technical solution provided in this embodiment is that a second plate 53 is symmetrically arranged on the side of the branch pipe 52 away from the first plate 51. The second plate 53 and the first plate 51 together clamp the branch pipe 52, providing better support and protection; specifically, a support plate 54 is arranged between the first plate 51 and the second plate 53, and the branch pipe 52 is arranged between adjacent support plates 54. The support plate 54 can increase the pressure resistance of the branch pipe 52, prevent deformation, and guide the fluid flow path.

[0033] To ensure reliable electrical insulation and bonding, the technical solution provided in this embodiment is that the second package 4 includes an insulating layer 42 and hot-melt layers 41 disposed on both sides of the insulating layer 42. The insulating layer 42 prevents electrical short circuits between the photovoltaic cell 3 and the collector 5, and the hot-melt layer 41 melts during the lamination process to achieve a firm bond. Specifically, the insulating layer 42 of the second package 4 is made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and the hot-melt layer 41 is made of expanded polyethylene (EPE). PET has good insulation, mechanical strength, and aging resistance, while EPE provides good adhesion, cushioning, and low thermal resistance, ensuring tight interlayer bonding and efficient heat conduction.

[0034] It is necessary to explain that the second encapsulation body 4 can be a three-layer integrated sheet obtained through supplier channels, or it can be a three-layer sheet purchased independently by the manufacturer and then hot-pressed by itself; similarly, the hot-melt layer 41 can be hot-melted with the photovoltaic cell 3 and the collector 5 respectively, and then the insulating layer 42 can be laid between the two, and finally hot-melted into one piece; it is not limited to whether the materials contained in the second encapsulation body 4 are an integrated structure, nor is it limited to the materials of the hot-melt layer 41 and the insulating layer 42 shown in this article. The hot-melt layers 41 located on the upper and lower sides of the insulating layer can of course be made of different materials without violating the technical principle of this utility model.

[0035] Furthermore, the second encapsulation body 4 can also be a single layer of insulating film, such as epoxy resin.

[0036] To balance structural strength and material cost, the technical solution provided in this embodiment is that the thickness of the first plate 51 and / or the second plate 53, as well as the wall thickness of the branch pipe 52, are both between 0.2mm and 5mm, preferably 1mm. This ensures sufficient mechanical strength and pressure resistance without excessively increasing weight and cost.

[0037] Specifically, the cross-section of branch pipe 52 can be a flat pipe or a non-flat pipe, but considering that the internal pressure of the photovoltaic thermal module should be able to withstand a maximum pressure of 1.2 MPa or more, and 0.6 MPa or more during long-term service, a circular cross-section is preferred to save material costs and reduce production difficulty. A circular cross-section has a uniform stress distribution when subjected to internal pressure, is more suitable for high-pressure applications, and is easier to process and seal.

[0038] To adapt to the optical and mechanical requirements of different environments, the technical solution provided in this embodiment is that the cover plate 1 includes one of glass, fluoropolymer plate, and polycarbonate plate. These materials have high light transmittance, weather resistance, and impact resistance, which can effectively protect the internal components; specifically, different materials are selected according to the application scenario, such as glass being suitable for high-intensity environments, and polymer plates being suitable for lightweight requirements.

[0039] To ensure the reliability and process adaptability of the encapsulation, the technical solution provided in this embodiment is that the first encapsulation 2 and / or the second encapsulation 4 include at least one of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyolefin elastomer (POE), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). These materials can form a uniform adhesive layer during lamination, providing good adhesion and aging resistance; EVA and POE are widely used in photovoltaic encapsulation and have excellent light transmittance and adhesive strength.

[0040] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When light penetrates the cover plate 1 and the first encapsulation body 2 and irradiates the photovoltaic cell 3, the photovoltaic cell 3 generates electrical energy. Simultaneously, due to the photothermal effect, the photovoltaic cell 3 generates heat. The heat is directly transferred through the second encapsulation body 4 to the first plate 51 of the collector 5. The first plate 51 is integrally connected to the branch pipe 52, and the heat is rapidly conducted to the fluid (such as a mixture of water and antifreeze) within the branch pipe 52. The fluid flows through the branch pipe 52, carrying away the heat and achieving photothermal collection. The insulation layer 6 reduces heat loss and ensures efficient heat utilization; the insulation layer 42 of the second encapsulation body 4 prevents electrical short circuits, and the heat-fusion layer 41 ensures strong interlayer adhesion. The entire component has a compact structure and low thermal resistance, achieving a highly efficient combination of photovoltaic power generation and photothermal utilization, while simplifying the assembly process and reducing maintenance costs.

[0041] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-thermal module, comprising a cover plate (1), a first encapsulation body (2), a photovoltaic cell (3), and a second encapsulation body (4) stacked sequentially along the light transmission direction, and further comprising a collector (5), characterized in that: The solar collector (5) is attached to the photovoltaic cell (3) through the second encapsulation body (4); The collector (5) includes a first plate (51) adapted to the second encapsulation body (4), and a branch pipe (52) is provided on the other side of the first plate (51).

2. A photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The branch pipes (52) are linearly distributed on the same side of the first plate (51), and the thickness of the collector (5) is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the branch pipes (52).

3. A photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wall thickness of the branch pipe (52) is equal to the thickness of the first plate (51), and the outer wall of the branch pipe (52) is tangential to the side of the first plate (51) near the photovoltaic cell (3).

4. A photovoltaic thermal module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first flat plate (51) and the branch pipe (52) are made of aluminum profiles.

5. A photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the branch pipe (52) away from the first plate (51) is also provided with a heat insulation layer (6), and the branch pipe (52) is embedded in the heat insulation layer (6).

6. A photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A second plate (53) is symmetrically arranged on the side of the branch pipe (52) away from the first plate (51).

7. A photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 6, characterized in that, A support plate (54) is provided between the first plate (51) and the second plate (53), and the branch pipe (52) is provided between adjacent support plates (54).

8. A photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second package (4) includes an insulating layer (42) and a hot melt layer (41) disposed on the front and rear sides of the insulating layer (42).

9. A photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The insulating layer (42) of the second encapsulation body (4) is made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and the hot melt layer (41) is made of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVE film).

10. A photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the first plate (51) and / or the second plate (53), as well as the wall thickness of the branch pipe (52), are both between 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm.

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