A controller circuit board mounting structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of controller circuit board mounting structure, including shell, upper circuit board and lower circuit board, upper circuit board is located above lower circuit board, and upper circuit board is integrated with upper component, and lower circuit board is integrated with lower component, and upper circuit board and lower circuit board are electrically connected by pin connection structure, shell includes upper cover and base, upper cover is connected on base and forms containing cavity between upper cover and base for placing upper circuit board and lower circuit board, lower circuit board is rotatably connected with support column, support column is used to be in contact with the lower surface of upper circuit board, threaded section is fixedly connected on the upper surface of support column, threaded section is threadedly connected with base, the upper surface of support column is connected with multiple elastic plates, the side wall of each elastic plate is connected with clamping plate, positioning hole is set on upper circuit board, clamping plate passes through positioning hole and is in contact with the side of upper circuit board opposite lower circuit board, to facilitate the maintenance of lower component on lower circuit board.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to motor controllers, and more particularly to a controller circuit board mounting structure. Background Technology

[0002] Chinese patent CN219960940U discloses a structurally optimized controller, whose structure mainly includes a housing and a circuit board structure installed inside the housing. The circuit board structure consists of an upper board and a lower board spaced apart vertically, and the upper and lower boards are electrically connected via a pin-connection structure. To facilitate the integration of components of different heights, the height values ​​of the components integrated on the upper board are within a first preset range, while the height values ​​of the components integrated on the lower board are within a second preset range.

[0003] In this controller design, the upper plate, lower plate, and bottom of the housing are detachably connected via several bolts. To connect these three components simultaneously, relatively long bolts are required.

[0004] However, this design introduces certain inconveniences. When repairs are needed on components on the lower-level board, technicians must perform the following cumbersome procedures: 1. Rotate the bolts to detach them from the bottom of the casing.

[0005] 2. Continue rotating the bolt until it is completely unscrewed from the lower plate.

[0006] 3. Finally, separate the upper and lower layers.

[0007] This process, which requires completely unscrewing long bolts, makes repairing components on the lower board cumbersome and time-consuming, reducing repair efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0008] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a controller circuit board mounting structure to improve maintenance efficiency.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is: a controller circuit board mounting structure, including a housing, an upper circuit board, and a lower circuit board. The upper circuit board is located above the lower circuit board. Upper components are integrated on the upper circuit board, and lower components are integrated on the lower circuit board. The upper and lower circuit boards are electrically connected through a pin connection structure. The housing includes an upper cover and a base. The upper cover is connected to the base and forms a receiving cavity between the upper cover and the base for placing the upper and lower circuit boards. A support column is rotatably connected to the lower circuit board. The support column is used to abut against the lower surface of the upper circuit board. A threaded section is fixedly connected to the support column and is threadedly connected to the base. Multiple elastic plates are connected to the upper surface of the support column. A retaining plate is connected to the side wall of each elastic plate. A positioning hole is opened on the upper circuit board. After the retaining plate passes through the positioning hole, it abuts against the side of the upper circuit board opposite to the lower circuit board.

[0010] To achieve the above technical solution, during assembly, the support column is first rotated to securely connect its threaded section to the base, thus fixing the lower circuit board to the base. Then, the upper circuit board is pressed down from above the support column. When the retaining plate contacts the positioning hole, the elastic plate undergoes elastic deformation, causing the retaining plate to retract and smoothly pass through the positioning hole. Afterward, the elastic plate returns to its original position, causing the retaining plate to abut against the opposite surface of the upper circuit board, completing a quick locking of the upper circuit board. For disassembly, simply press the elastic plate inward to disengage the retaining plate from the positioning hole, allowing the upper circuit board to be removed directly. This achieves tool-free, rapid installation and removal of the upper circuit board, greatly simplifying the maintenance and repair process of the lower circuit board and significantly improving operational convenience and overall maintenance efficiency.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a limiting block is connected between the card plate and the elastic plate. A limiting arc surface is formed on the limiting block. A connecting arc surface is formed on the side of the positioning hole facing away from the lower circuit board. The limiting arc surface is used to abut against the connecting arc surface.

[0012] To achieve the above technical solution, when the upper circuit board is placed above the lower circuit board, the positioning hole of the upper circuit board is aligned and moves downward. After the retaining plate passes through the positioning hole, the restoring force of the elastic plate drives the limiting block on the retaining plate to move outward, causing the limiting arc surface on the limiting block to abut against the connecting arc surface on the side of the positioning hole facing away from the lower circuit board. This guiding effect between the arc surfaces continuously pulls the upper circuit board closer to the lower circuit board, ensuring a tight fit between the upper circuit board and the support column. The automatic positioning and locking of the upper circuit board is achieved through the arc surface cooperation, and the guiding effect generated by the elastic force effectively improves the tightness of the connection between the upper and lower circuit boards and the reliability of the structure.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it also includes an auxiliary component, wherein each of the elastic plates has an auxiliary groove on the side facing away from the card plate, and the end of the auxiliary component is embedded in the auxiliary groove.

[0014] To achieve the above technical solution, after the upper circuit board is assembled, the end of the auxiliary component is embedded in the auxiliary groove on the side of the elastic plate facing away from the locking plate. In this state, the auxiliary component physically blocks the inward movement path of the elastic plate, thereby limiting the free deformation capability of the elastic plate and locking it in a locked state. When it is necessary to separate the upper and lower circuit boards, the auxiliary component must first be removed from the auxiliary groove to release the lock on the elastic plate before pressing the elastic plate to disassemble it. By introducing an active locking component, the reliability of the connection structure and its resistance to vibration and impact are greatly enhanced. This effectively avoids the risk of failure of the locking structure, loosening or detachment of the upper circuit board due to unexpected external forces under complex working conditions, thereby ensuring the stability of the overall controller structure and the continuous reliability of the electrical connection.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a clamping plane is provided on the side wall of the support column, and a plurality of the clamping planes are arranged along the axis of the support column.

[0016] To achieve the above technical solution, when screwing the threaded section of the support column into or out of the base, the operator can use a standard tool to clamp it onto one or more clamping surfaces on the side wall of the support column. The presence of these clamping surfaces provides a stable, slip-free working interface for applying rotational torque. This provides a reliable force application interface for the rotational operation of the support column, effectively preventing component damage or insufficient installation torque that may result from tool slippage on the circular surface.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the upper component includes a wire harness interface and an upper capacitor, and the upper cover has a connecting groove, through which the wire harness interface passes.

[0018] The above technical solution enables the external wiring harness to be directly and conveniently connected to the upper and lower circuit boards inside the controller without opening the entire casing.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the lower component includes a power transistor, a lower capacitor, and a wiring copper post. When the upper circuit board and the lower circuit board are connected, the lower capacitor is located outside the upper circuit board. The upper circuit board is connected to a Hall sensor. The upper cover has a wiring hole. One end of the wiring copper post is fixed to the lower circuit board, and the other end of the wiring copper post passes through the Hall sensor and is placed in the wiring hole.

[0020] To achieve the above technical solution, during assembly, the copper terminals fixed to the lower circuit board extend upwards, pass through the Hall sensor on the upper circuit board, and finally rest in the wiring hole of the upper cover. This layout utilizes three-dimensional space, allowing the copper terminals carrying high current to form a non-contact through-hole detection structure with the Hall sensor. This achieves precise monitoring of critical current signals, effectively isolates high-voltage and low-voltage components, and places taller components such as lower-layer capacitors outside the upper circuit board, optimizing space utilization and achieving a compact structure, reliable signal detection, and excellent electrical performance.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a heat dissipation groove is provided on the side of the base facing away from the top cover, and multiple heat dissipation strips are fixed in the heat dissipation groove, with the multiple heat dissipation strips arranged along the length direction of the heat dissipation groove.

[0022] To achieve the above technical solution, the heat generated inside the controller is transferred to the base through a heat conduction path, and then efficiently dissipated into the surrounding environment through convection and radiation via the extended surface formed by the heat dissipation grooves and heat dissipation strips. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of this utility model; Figure 2 To illustrate the structural diagram of the base; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection structure between the upper and lower circuit boards; Figure 5 To illustrate the structure of the circuit board; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A.

[0024] Reference numerals: 1. Outer shell; 2. Top cover; 3. Base; 4. Upper circuit board; 5. Lower circuit board; 6. Upper component; 7. Wiring harness interface; 8. Upper capacitor; 9. Connecting slot; 10. Lower component; 11. Power transistor; 12. Lower capacitor; 13. Wiring copper post; 14. Hall sensor; 15. Support column; 16. Threaded section; 17. Fixing ring; 18. Clamping plane; 19. Elastic plate; 20. Clamping plate; 21. Limiting block; 22. Limiting arc surface; 23. Positioning hole; 24. Connecting arc surface; 25. Auxiliary slot; 26. Auxiliary component; 27. Heat dissipation slot; 28. Heat dissipation strip. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the technical solution of this utility model can be more easily understood and mastered.

[0026] A controller circuit board mounting structure includes a housing 1, an upper circuit board 4, and a lower circuit board 5. The upper circuit board 4 is located above the lower circuit board 5. Upper components 6 are integrated on the upper circuit board 4, and lower components 10 are integrated on the lower circuit board 5. The middle portions of the upper circuit board 4 and the lower circuit board 5 are electrically connected via a pin connection structure.

[0027] The upper component 6 includes a wire harness interface 7 and an upper capacitor 8. The upper cover 2 has a connection slot 9, through which the wire harness interface 7 passes.

[0028] The lower component 10 includes a power transistor 11, a lower capacitor 12, and a copper terminal block 13. When the upper circuit board 4 and the lower circuit board 5 are connected, the lower capacitor 12 is located outside the upper circuit board 4. There are multiple lower capacitors 12 in two rows, and the two rows of lower capacitors 12 are located on both sides of the upper circuit board 4.

[0029] A Hall sensor 14 is fixedly connected to the upper circuit board 4, and a wiring hole is provided on the upper cover 2. The lower end of the wiring copper post 13 is fixed to the lower circuit board 5, and the upper end of the wiring copper post 13 passes through the Hall sensor 14 and is placed in the wiring hole.

[0030] The outer casing 1 includes an upper cover 2 and a base 3. The upper cover 2 is bolted to the base 3 and forms a receiving cavity between the upper cover 2 and the base 3 for placing the upper circuit board 4 and the lower circuit board 5.

[0031] A support column 15 is rotatably connected to the lower circuit board 5. The upper surface of the support column 15 is designed to abut against the lower surface of the upper circuit board 4. A threaded section 16 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support column 15. The threaded section 16 is coaxially arranged with the support column 15. The threaded section 16 is threadedly connected to the base 3.

[0032] First, a circular through hole is made on the lower circuit board 5. The outer diameter of the threaded section 16 is smaller than the outer diameter of the support column 15. The threaded section 16 is passed through the through hole so that the support column 15 is located on the upper surface of the lower circuit board 5. Then, a retaining ring 17 is fitted and fixed to the outer wall of the threaded section 16, so that the support column 15 can be rotatably connected to the lower circuit board 5.

[0033] A clamping plane 18 is provided on the side wall of the support column 15, and multiple clamping planes 18 are evenly arranged along the axis of the support column 15.

[0034] Place the lower circuit board 5 on the base 3, and then use a wrench to clamp the clamping plane 18 to rotate the support column 15, so that the threaded section 16 is threaded onto the base 3.

[0035] Two elastic plates 19 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support column 15, and a clamping plate 20 is fixedly connected to the side wall of each elastic plate 19. The support column 15, threaded section 16, elastic plates 19, and clamping plates 20 are all made of plastic. The two elastic plates 19 are evenly distributed along the axis of the support column 15. The clamping plate 20 has a guiding arc surface, and the cross-section of the clamping plate 20 is triangular.

[0036] A circular positioning hole 23 is provided on the upper circuit board 4. After the card plate 20 passes through the positioning hole 23, it abuts against the side of the upper circuit board 4 that is opposite to the lower circuit board 5.

[0037] A limiting block 21 is fixedly connected between the card plate 20 and the elastic plate 19. The limiting block 21 has a limiting arc surface 22, meaning that the cross-section of the limiting block 21 is triangular. A connecting arc surface 24 is provided at the upper end of the positioning hole 23, and the connecting arc surface 24 is located on the upper surface of the upper circuit board 4. The limiting arc surface 22 is used to abut against the connecting arc surface 24.

[0038] An auxiliary groove 25 is provided on the side of the elastic plate 19 opposite to the clamping plate 20, and the length direction of the auxiliary groove 25 is parallel to the length direction of the elastic plate 19. The end of the auxiliary member 26 is embedded in the auxiliary groove 25. The auxiliary member 26 is flat. The cross-section of the auxiliary groove 25 can be T-shaped.

[0039] A heat dissipation groove 27 is provided on the side of the base 3 facing away from the top cover 2. Multiple heat dissipation strips 28 are fixed in the heat dissipation groove 27 and are arranged along the length of the heat dissipation groove 27.

[0040] The assembly process of this utility model is as follows: First, on the lower circuit board 5, the support column 15 is rotatably connected to the lower circuit board 5 by passing the threaded section 16 through a circular through hole and fixing the retaining ring 17 to the outer wall of the threaded section 16. The threaded section 16 of the support column 15 is located below the lower circuit board 5, while the upper surface of the support column 15, the elastic plate 19, and the clamping plate 20 are located above the lower circuit board 5. At the same time, lower components 10 such as the power transistor 11, the lower capacitor 12, and the wiring copper post 13 are integrated onto the lower circuit board 5, and upper components 6 such as the wire harness interface 7 and the upper capacitor 8 are integrated onto the upper circuit board 4.

[0041] Next, assemble the internal structure of the controller. Place the lower circuit board 5 on the base 3. Using a wrench, clamp the clamping plane 18 on the side wall of the support column 15 and rotate the support column 15 so that the threaded section 16 below it is threadedly connected to the base 3. After completing this step, the lower circuit board 5 is securely mounted on the base 3.

[0042] Next, the upper circuit board 4 is installed. The upper circuit board 4 is aligned with the corresponding pin interface on the lower circuit board 5 via a pin connection structure. As the upper circuit board 4 is moved downward, the positioning hole 23 of the upper circuit board 4 is aligned with the locking plate 20 on the support column 15. When the end of the positioning hole 23 of the upper circuit board 4 abuts against the guide arc surface on the locking plate 20, a guiding force is generated. This force causes the elastic plate 19 to bend and deform inward, driving the locking plate 20 to move towards the axis of the support column 15. After the locking plate 20 has completely passed through the positioning hole 23, the elastic restoring force of the elastic plate 19 causes the locking plate 20 to spring back outward. The locking plate 20 then abuts against the side of the upper circuit board 4 opposite to the lower circuit board 5. The limiting arc surface 22 on the limiting block 21 abuts against the connecting arc surface 24 on the positioning hole 23, completing the automatic locking of the upper circuit board 4.

[0043] To prevent the upper circuit board 4 from detaching due to deformation of the elastic plate 19 under pressure in the event of severe vibration or other unexpected conditions, the end of the flat auxiliary component 26 is forcefully embedded into the auxiliary groove 25 of the elastic plate 19. The embedded auxiliary component 26 physically blocks the inward movement path of the elastic plate 19, preventing it from deforming, thereby achieving a secondary locking of the snap-fit ​​structure and greatly improving the reliability of the connection.

[0044] Finally, install the top cover 2. The wiring harness interface 7 on the upper circuit board 4 passes through the connection slot 9 in the top cover 2, and the wiring copper post 13 on the lower circuit board 5 passes through the Hall sensor 14 on the upper circuit board 4 and finally protrudes from the wiring hole in the top cover 2. Place the top cover 2 on the base 3 and connect the top cover 2 to the base 3 with bolts to complete the assembly of the entire controller.

[0045] When it is necessary to repair the components on circuit board 5, the disassembly process demonstrates the convenience of this design: Unscrew the bolts and remove the top cover 2.

[0046] Release the secondary lock: forcefully pull out the auxiliary part 26 embedded in the auxiliary groove 25 to release the physical obstruction to the elastic plate 19.

[0047] Lift the upper circuit board 4 vertically upwards. Through the guiding action between the limiting arc surface 22 and the connecting arc surface 24, the retaining plate 20 passes through the positioning hole 23, completely separating it from the pin connection structure and all support pillars 15. At this time, the lower circuit board 5 and all its lower components 10 are fully exposed, allowing those skilled in the art to perform maintenance operations directly without needing to manipulate any screws on the base 3.

[0048] Of course, the above are just typical examples of this utility model. In addition, this utility model may have many other specific implementation methods. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A controller circuit board mounting structure, comprising a housing (1), an upper circuit board (4), and a lower circuit board (5), wherein the upper circuit board (4) is located above the lower circuit board (5), upper components (6) are integrated on the upper circuit board (4), and lower components (10) are integrated on the lower circuit board (5), and the upper circuit board (4) and the lower circuit board (5) are electrically connected by a pin connection structure, wherein the housing (1) comprises an upper cover (2) and a base (3), the upper cover (2) is connected to the base (3) and forms a receiving cavity between the upper cover (2) and the base (3) for placing the upper circuit board (4) and the lower circuit board (5), characterized in that: A support column (15) is rotatably connected to the lower circuit board (5). The support column (15) is used to abut against the lower surface of the upper circuit board (4). A threaded section (16) is fixedly connected to the support column (15). The threaded section (16) is threadedly connected to the base (3). A plurality of elastic plates (19) are connected to the upper surface of the support column (15). A clamping plate (20) is connected to the side wall of each elastic plate (19). A positioning hole (23) is opened on the upper circuit board (4). The clamping plate (20) passes through the positioning hole (23) and abuts against the side of the upper circuit board (4) opposite to the lower circuit board (5).

2. The controller circuit board mounting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting block (21) is connected between the card plate (20) and the elastic plate (19). A limiting arc surface (22) is provided on the limiting block (21). A connecting arc surface (24) is provided on the side of the positioning hole (23) facing away from the lower circuit board (5). The limiting arc surface (22) is used to abut against the connecting arc surface (24).

3. The controller circuit board mounting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an auxiliary component (26), each of the elastic plates (19) having an auxiliary groove (25) on the side opposite to the card plate (20), and the end of the auxiliary component (26) is embedded in the auxiliary groove (25).

4. The controller circuit board mounting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support column (15) has a clamping plane (18) on its side wall, and a plurality of the clamping planes (18) are arranged along the axis of the support column (15).

5. The controller circuit board mounting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper component (6) includes a wire harness interface (7) and an upper capacitor (8). The upper cover (2) has a connection slot (9), and the wire harness interface (7) passes through the connection slot (9).

6. The controller circuit board mounting structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower component (10) includes a power transistor (11), a lower capacitor (12), and a wiring copper post (13). When the upper circuit board (4) and the lower circuit board (5) are connected, the lower capacitor (12) is located outside the upper circuit board (4). The upper circuit board (4) is connected to a Hall sensor (14). The upper cover (2) has a wiring hole. One end of the wiring copper post (13) is fixed on the lower circuit board (5), and the other end of the wiring copper post (13) passes through the Hall sensor (14) and is placed in the wiring hole.

7. The controller circuit board mounting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (3) has a heat dissipation groove (27) on the side opposite to the top cover (2). Multiple heat dissipation strips (28) are fixed in the heat dissipation groove (27), and the multiple heat dissipation strips (28) are arranged along the length of the heat dissipation groove (27).

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