Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system, it is related to photovoltaic technical field.Photovoltaic module includes: multiple cell pieces and the interconnection of connecting adjacent two cell pieces, interconnection extends along first direction;Cell piece includes: cell body;It is arranged on the surface of the cell body and extends along second direction, and thin grid electrode is arranged along first direction;Thin grid electrode is connected with interconnection part, and interconnection is fixed and electrically connected with thin grid electrode by interconnection part;And connecting grid line, connecting grid line connects adjacent two interconnection of same polarity arranged along first direction;Along first direction, the length of connecting grid line between adjacent two interconnection is L, wherein the length covered by interconnection is D, and the D / L of at least one connecting grid line on cell piece is less than or equal to 50%.In the present application, the reliability of electrical connection is higher, and the current collection effect is better.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to a patent filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on March 7, 2025, with application number 202520405914.X, entitled "Photovoltaic Modules and Photovoltaic Systems", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system. Background Technology

[0003] In photovoltaic modules, charge carriers in the cells are conducted to the solder ribbon through the fine grid, main grid, and solder pads to achieve series connection between cells.

[0004] In existing photovoltaic modules, the main busbars electrically connected to the pads are almost completely covered by the solder ribbons electrically connected to the pads. However, in existing photovoltaic modules, the heat-affected zone during the soldering process between the pads and the solder ribbons can easily cause the main busbars to break, affecting the current collection efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system, aiming to solve the problem that the main grid lines in existing photovoltaic modules are easily broken by soldering, resulting in poor current collection performance.

[0006] A first aspect of this utility model provides a photovoltaic module, comprising:

[0007] Multiple battery cells and interconnects connecting adjacent battery cells, the interconnects extending along a first direction;

[0008] The battery cell includes: a battery body;

[0009] Fine grid electrodes are disposed on the surface of the battery body and extend along a second direction and are arranged along a first direction, wherein the second direction intersects the first direction; the fine grid electrodes are connected to interconnecting portions, and interconnecting members are fixed and electrically connected to the fine grid electrodes through the interconnecting portions;

[0010] And connecting grid lines, the connecting grid lines connecting two adjacent interconnects of the same polarity arranged along a first direction;

[0011] Along the first direction, the length of the connecting grid line between two adjacent interconnects is L, wherein the length covered by the interconnect is D, and the D / L ratio of at least one connecting grid line on the cell is less than or equal to 50%.

[0012] In this application, the connecting grid line electrically connects two adjacent interconnects and is electrically connected to the fine grid electrode between the two interconnects. The current collected by the fine grid electrode can be transmitted to the interconnects and interconnect components through the connecting grid line. Along the first direction, the length of the connecting grid line between two adjacent interconnects is L, of which the length covered by the interconnect component is D. The portion of the connecting grid line covered by the interconnect component is prone to melting or soldering failure, resulting in some of the current from the fine grid electrode failing to be transmitted to the interconnects and interconnect components, thus affecting module efficiency. By controlling D / L to below 50%, the risk of the connecting grid line between the two interconnects being soldered failure is greatly reduced, and the impact range of the risk of connecting grid line soldering failure is effectively controlled, thereby improving the reliability of current collection by the fine grid electrode on the solar cell.

[0013] A second aspect of this utility model provides a photovoltaic system comprising: a plurality of any of the aforementioned photovoltaic modules.

[0014] The photovoltaic modules and photovoltaic systems mentioned above have the same or similar beneficial effects, and will not be repeated here to avoid repetition. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 , Figures 4 to 6 , Figure 10 A partial structural schematic diagram of several battery cells in embodiments of this utility model is shown;

[0017] Figures 2 to 3 , Figures 7 to 9 and Figure 11 A partial structural schematic diagram of several photovoltaic modules in embodiments of this utility model is shown;

[0018] Figure 12 and Figure 13 The diagram shows a partially enlarged structural schematic of two photovoltaic modules in embodiments of this utility model.

[0019] Explanation of the attached drawing numbers:

[0020] 1-Battery body, 2-Fine grid electrode, 21-Thickened section, 3-Connecting grid line, 4-Interconnection part, 41-Edge interconnection part, 42-Middle interconnection part, 43-First side, 44-Second side, 45-Intersection of the first and second sides, 5-Interconnection component, 6-Harpoon structure, 61-Feet, 7-Frame line, 8-Connecting section, 9-Setting plane. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 13 This utility model provides a photovoltaic module, which includes multiple solar cells and interconnecting components connecting adjacent solar cells.

[0023] The type of solar cell is not limited; it can be a cell with electrodes on both the light-facing and backlighting sides, such as a Topcon passivated contact cell, or a cell with electrodes only on the backlighting side. The number of solar cells in the photovoltaic module is not limited. The interconnecting element can be a solder ribbon or a conductive backsheet, etc., and there are no specific limitations on the interconnecting element. The photovoltaic module may also include encapsulating films located on opposite sides of the solar cells, and there are no specific limitations on other structures in the photovoltaic module.

[0024] Figures 1 to 13 middle, Figure 7 yes Figure 4 The diagram shows a partial structure of the battery cell after interconnects have been installed. Figure 9 yes Figure 6 The diagram shows a partial structure of the battery cell after interconnects have been installed. Figure 8 yes Figure 5 The diagram shows a partial structural schematic of the battery cell after interconnecting components have been installed. Figures 1 to 11 In this application, L1 represents the first direction, and the interconnect extends along the first direction L1. Extending along the first direction L1 means that the overall orientation of the linear or strip-shaped interconnect is along the first direction L1, while parts of the linear or strip-shaped interconnect are allowed to bend or fold in other directions.

[0025] Reference Figures 1 to 13The solar cell includes a cell body 1, fine grid electrodes 2, and connecting grid lines 3. The cell body 1 contains a PN junction for separating charge carriers. The fine grid electrodes 2 are mainly used to collect charge carriers or current in the cell body. The fine grid electrodes 2 are disposed on the surface of the cell body 1 and extend along a second direction L2 and are arranged along a first direction L1. During normal operation of the solar cell, the side of the cell body 1 that mainly receives light is the light-facing side, while the back-light side is opposite to the light-facing side. In this application, the fine grid electrodes 2 may be disposed only on the back side of the cell body 1, or the fine grid electrodes 2 may be disposed on both the back side and the light-facing side of the cell body 1; neither is specifically limited. The extension of the fine grid electrodes 2 along the second direction L2 can be understood as the overall orientation of the linear or strip-shaped fine grid electrodes 2 being along the second direction L2, while local areas of the linear or strip-shaped fine grid electrodes 2 are allowed to bend or fold in other directions. The arrangement of the fine grid electrodes 2 along the first direction L1 can be understood as follows: along the first direction, one fine grid electrode 2 is arranged one after another, and then another. Here, the fine grid electrode 2 can refer to at least one of N-type fine grid electrodes and P-type fine grid electrodes. The second direction L2 intersects the first direction L1, specifically meaning that the first direction L1 is different from the second direction L2. The angle between the first direction L1 and the second direction L2 is not specifically limited; for example, they can be perpendicular to each other. The fine grid electrodes 2 are electrically connected to interconnecting portions 4. Interconnecting members 5 are fixed to the battery body through interconnecting portions 4 and are electrically connected to the fine grid electrodes 2 through interconnecting portions 4. The interconnecting portion 4 can be a thickened section of the fine grid electrode 2, or a block or sheet-like conductive material on the fine grid electrode 2. When the interconnecting portion 4 is a thickened section of the fine grid electrode 2, the linewidth at the location of the interconnecting portion 4 is greater than the linewidth at other locations of the fine grid electrode 2. Here, the interconnecting portion 4 can be an electrode pad, for example, a solder pad. The interconnect is electrically connected to multiple interconnect portions 4 of the same polarity along its extension direction, i.e., the first direction L1. This electrical connection can be a direct electrical connection between the interconnect and the aforementioned interconnect portions, or an indirect electrical connection through a conductive layer; neither is limited. The polarity here can refer to a negative line or a positive line. The negative polarity interconnect portion 4 is electrically connected to the N-type fine gate electrode 2, and the positive polarity interconnect portion 4 is electrically connected to the P-type fine gate electrode 2. The number of interconnect portions 4 of the same polarity electrically connected to a single interconnect 5 is not limited.

[0026] The connecting gate line 3 connects two adjacent interconnects 4 of the same polarity arranged along the first direction L1. For example, Figure 1 In this configuration, a connecting gate line 3 electrically connects two interconnects 4 of the same polarity. It should be understood that the interconnects typically have multiple fine gate electrodes. The connecting gate line connects adjacent interconnects of the same polarity and is electrically connected to the fine gate electrodes between the interconnects, so as to transfer the current on the fine gate electrodes to the interconnects through the connecting fine gate.

[0027] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figures 7 to 9 and Figure 11 Along the first direction L1: the length of the connecting grid line 3 between two adjacent interconnecting parts 4 is L, wherein the length covered by the interconnecting member 5 is D, and the D / L of at least one connecting grid line on the battery cell is less than or equal to 50%.

[0028] Specifically, the connecting grid line 3 electrically connects two adjacent interconnects 4 and is electrically connected to the fine grid electrode 2 between the two interconnects 4. The current collected by the fine grid electrode 2 can be transmitted to the interconnects 4 and the interconnect component 5 through the connecting grid line 3. Along the first direction L1, the length of the connecting grid line 3 between two adjacent interconnects 4 is L, of which the length covered by the interconnect component 5 is D. During the welding process between the interconnects 4 and the interconnect component 5, under the condition that the entire cell is heated, the part of the connecting grid line 3 covered by the interconnect component 5 is prone to melting or welding failure, which leads to the problem that some of the current from the fine grid electrode 2 cannot be transmitted to the interconnects 4 and the interconnect component 5, affecting the module efficiency. By controlling D / L to below 50%, the risk of the connecting grid line 3 between the two interconnects 4 being welded failure is greatly reduced, and the impact range of the risk of the connecting grid line 3 being welded failure is effectively controlled, thereby improving the reliability of current collection by the fine grid electrode 2 on the cell. Furthermore, the D / L ratio of at least one connecting grid line on the solar cell is less than or equal to 15%, which further reduces the risk of the connecting grid line 3 between the two interconnecting parts 4 being broken by welding, and effectively controls the impact range of the risk of the connecting grid line 3 being broken by welding, thereby further improving the current collection reliability of the fine grid electrode 2 on the solar cell.

[0029] For example, D / L can be 0, 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 6%, 7.5%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 35%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 45%, 48%, or 50%.

[0030] It should be noted that, typically, in photovoltaic modules, the number of interconnecting elements 5 is greater than one, and the number of connecting grid lines 3 between two adjacent interconnecting parts 4 can be one or more. Here, D / L can be a calculated result of the length L of any connecting grid line 3 between two adjacent interconnecting parts 4 in the first direction L1 of the photovoltaic module, and the length D covered by an adjacent interconnecting element 5 in the first direction L1, or the average of multiple calculated results. (Refer to...) Figure 12 and Figure 13 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 The diagram shows the cross-sections of the connecting gate line 3 and the interconnecting member 5. The cross-section of the interconnecting member 5 refers to the section perpendicular to its extending direction, and the cross-section of the connecting gate line 3 also refers to the section perpendicular to its extending direction. (See reference...) Figure 12 and Figure 13 The fact that the connecting grid line 3 is covered by the interconnecting member 5 can be understood as the cross-section of the interconnecting member 5, when projected onto the setting plane 9, completely covers the cross-section of the connecting grid line 3, which is projected onto the setting plane 9, and the setting plane 9 is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the battery body. Figure 12 In the above scenario, although the center of the projection of the cross-section of the connecting grid line 3 onto the setting plane 9 is not aligned with the center of the orthographic projection of the cross-section of the interconnecting member 5 onto the setting plane 9, the orthographic projection of the cross-section of the interconnecting member 5 onto the setting plane 9 completely covers the orthographic projection of the cross-section of the connecting grid line 3 onto the setting plane 9. Therefore, it can be considered that the interconnecting member 5 is covered by the interconnecting member. If the orthographic projection of the cross-section of the interconnecting member 5 onto the setting plane 9 does not completely cover the orthographic projection of the cross-section of the connecting grid line 3 onto the setting plane 9, it can be considered that the interconnecting member 5 is covered by the interconnecting member. (Refer to...) Figure 5 Here, L can be the dimension of the connecting gate line between two adjacent interconnects along the first direction L1, as shown in the reference. Figure 9 Here, D can be the dimension of the portion of the connecting grid line between two adjacent interconnecting parts covered by the interconnecting member along the first direction L1, that is, both D and L are dimensions in the first direction L1; or, here, L can be the extension length of the connecting grid line between two adjacent interconnecting parts, and D can be the extension length of the portion of the connecting grid line between two adjacent interconnecting parts covered by the interconnecting member, that is, both D and L are extension lengths.

[0031] In some embodiments, the connecting grid line 3 is in direct contact with the fine grid electrode 2, and the connecting grid line 3 is disposed on the side of the fine grid electrode 2 away from the battery body. During the printing process, the fine grid electrode 2 can be printed first, and then the connecting grid line 3 can be printed, which is more compatible with existing printing processes.

[0032] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 1 to 3 , Figures 10 to 11 In the first direction L1, between two adjacent interconnecting portions 4, the length of the connecting grid line 3 covered by the interconnecting member 5 is 0, or there is a gap between the connecting grid line 3 and the interconnecting member 4. This can be understood as follows: along the first direction L1, the connecting grid line 3 between two adjacent interconnecting portions 4 is not covered by the interconnecting member 5 at any position. Alternatively, the connecting grid line 3 between two adjacent interconnecting portions 4 not only does not cover the interconnecting member 5 but also has a certain distance between them. With this design, during the electrical connection between the interconnecting portion 4 and the interconnecting member 5, although the connecting grid line 3 and the interconnecting member will be heated, because they do not overlap, the probability of them contacting each other and reacting, thus breaking the connecting grid line, is greatly reduced.

[0033] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 11Between two adjacent interconnects 4 in the first direction L1, connecting gate lines 3 are distributed on one side of the interconnect 5. For example, the connecting gate lines are located on one side of the center line of the interconnects. In this case, the length of the connecting gate lines is small, which can improve the current transmission reliability of the fine gate electrodes between the interconnects at a lower cost. It should be understood that the connecting gate lines between the first and second interconnects can be located on the left side, and the connecting gate lines between the second and third interconnects can be located on either the left or right side.

[0034] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 10 Between two adjacent interconnecting portions 4 in the first direction L1, the connecting grid lines 3 are distributed on both sides of the interconnecting member 5. Figure 10 In the first direction L1, between two adjacent interconnecting parts 4, the number of connecting gate lines 3 electrically connected to the same interconnecting part 4 is 2, and the interconnecting element ( Figure 10 (Not shown) Located between two connecting gate lines 3. When the interconnects are misaligned, one connecting gate line is easily broken by soldering, while the connecting gate line on the other side can still ensure the reliability of current transmission to the fine gate electrode, thereby improving the fault tolerance of the soldering process. For example, relative to the center line of the interconnect, the connecting gate lines located between the interconnects are distributed on both sides of the center line. In this case, the connecting gate lines distributed on both sides have a shorter current transmission distance, higher current collection efficiency, and can reduce the probability of missing the fine gate electrode.

[0035] In some embodiments, between two adjacent interconnect portions 4 in the first direction, connecting gate lines 3 are distributed on at least one side of the interconnect member 5. The connecting gate lines 3 may be distributed on both sides of the interconnect member 5, or they may be distributed only on one side of the interconnect member 5. This allows for better electrical connection between the two interconnect portions. In this case, D can be 0. For example, refer to... Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 11 Between two adjacent interconnects 4 in the first direction L1, the connecting grid lines 3 are distributed on one side of the interconnect 5. Here, D is 0, so D / L is 0. The risk of the connecting grid lines between the two interconnects being broken is greatly reduced, and the impact range of the risk of the connecting grid lines being broken is effectively controlled, thereby improving the reliability of current collection of the fine grid electrodes on the solar cell; for example, in some embodiments, referring to Figure 10 Between two adjacent interconnecting parts 4 in the first direction L1, the connecting grid lines 3 are distributed on both sides of the interconnecting member 5, where D is 0.

[0036] In some embodiments, on a battery cell, connecting grid lines are alternately arranged on both sides of the interconnect, such as... Figure 1-2As shown, on the battery body, multiple connecting grid lines are alternately distributed left and right relative to the center line of multiple interconnects in the first direction. This design results in a more uniform spacing between the electrically connected grid lines for the fine grid electrodes extending along the second direction, leading to higher current collection and transmission efficiency.

[0037] In some embodiments, on a battery cell, connecting grid lines 3 are alternately arranged on both sides of the interconnect member 5, as shown in the reference. Figure 2 The spacing between the interconnecting element 5 and the connecting grid line 3 on one side of the interconnecting element 5 is a, and the spacing between the interconnecting element 5 and the connecting grid line 3 on the other side of the interconnecting element 5 is b. Since a > b, it can be guaranteed with a high probability that the connecting grid line 3 on the side where a is located and the interconnecting element 5 do not overlap. During the process of electrical connection between the connecting grid line 3 on this side and the interconnecting element 5, although the connecting grid line 3 on this side and the interconnecting element 5 will be heated, since they do not overlap, the probability of them contacting each other and reacting, thus breaking the connecting grid line, can be greatly reduced.

[0038] In some embodiments, b can be 0, in which case there is no gap between the interconnect 5 and the connecting gate line 3 on the other side of the interconnect 5, and the two are in direct contact. The fine gate electrode 2 that is in contact with the connecting gate line 3 on that side can also directly collect current through the interconnect, which increases the current collection path and can ensure the reliability of the electrical connection.

[0039] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 2 Here, 'a' can be the distance between the boundary line of the interconnect 5 and the boundary line of the connecting gate 3 on one side of the interconnect 5 that is adjacent to the boundary line of the interconnect 5; the method of determining 'b' is similar and will not be repeated here.

[0040] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3 Between two adjacent interconnecting portions 4 in the first direction L1, there is a gap d1 between the connecting grid line 3 and the interconnecting member 5, which is 0.03mm to 0.8mm. If the gap d1 is less than 0.03mm, the arrangement accuracy requirements of the connecting grid line 3 and the interconnecting member 5 are too high, making mass production difficult; if the gap d1 is greater than 0.8mm, the size of the interconnecting portion will increase, thereby increasing light shading and material waste. When the gap d1 is between 0.03mm and 0.8mm, the arrangement accuracy of the connecting grid line 3 and the interconnecting member 5 is not too high, making mass production easy, the interconnecting member 5 is easy to align, and the cost is low. It should be noted that the gap d1 is applicable in both cases where the connecting grid line 3 is distributed on one side or both sides of the interconnecting member 5 between two adjacent interconnecting portions 4 in the first direction L1. d1 is the distance between the two adjacent edges of the connecting grid line and the interconnecting member. This d1 can be the maximum distance between the connecting grid line and the interconnecting member.

[0041] For example, between two adjacent interconnecting portions 4 in the first direction, there is a gap between the connecting grid line 3 and the interconnecting member 5. This gap d1 can be 0.03mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.1mm, 0.13mm, 0.15mm, 0.18mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.27mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm, 0.55mm, 0.6mm, 0.65mm, 0.7mm, 0.75mm, or 0.8mm.

[0042] When the connecting gate lines are distributed on both sides of the center line of the interconnect, the spacing between the connecting gate lines on both sides can be 0.05-1mm. In this way, the current collected from the fine gate electrode can be distributed.

[0043] In some embodiments, the battery body includes a light-facing side and a back-light side that are distributed opposite to each other along its thickness direction. During normal operation of the battery cell, the side of the battery body that mainly receives light is the light-facing side. The light-facing side and the back-light side are opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the battery body. Both the back-light side and the light-facing side are provided with the aforementioned connecting grid lines and the interconnection portion.

[0044] The connecting grid lines on the light-facing side (front of the solar cell) are offset or opposite to the corresponding connecting grid lines on the back-facing side (back of the solar cell). For example, adjacent interconnections on the light-facing side immediately adjacent to the first corner of the solar cell have a first set of connecting grid lines. Adjacent interconnections on the back-facing side immediately adjacent to the first corner of the solar cell have a second set of connecting grid lines. The first and second sets of connecting grid lines can be understood as corresponding positions. The first and second sets of connecting grid lines are offset or oppositely distributed. The offset connecting grid lines on the front and back of the solar cell are beneficial for stress balance on the front and back of the solar cell, reducing microcracks and breakage rate.

[0045] In some embodiments, the interconnects on the light-facing side are misaligned with the corresponding interconnects on the backlight side. This misalignment can include partial or complete misalignment. This design can reduce the overlap of solder joints on the solar cell, thereby reducing microcracks and fragmentation of the solar cell caused by solder overlap.

[0046] In some embodiments, along a first direction, the cell body has two opposing first edges, and the end interconnects have a first spacing between them and the adjacent first edges; the first spacing of at least one of the end interconnects on the light-facing side and the end interconnects on the backlight side is smaller than the first spacing of the other end interconnect. It is understood that among the multiple end interconnects on the light-facing and backlight sides, there are at least two different first spacings. Of course, there can also be multiple first spacings with different values. This design allows the ends of the interconnects to be staggered at both ends of the cell in the first direction, enhancing the fixing effect of the interconnects.

[0047] In some embodiments, on a solar cell, the number of connecting grid lines 3 corresponding to one interconnect member 5 is N, and the number of connecting grid lines 3 completely covered by the interconnect member 5 is less than or equal to N / 2. Here, the number of connecting grid lines 3 corresponding to one interconnect member 5 is N, which refers to the number of connecting grid lines electrically connected to the interconnect portion 4 within the extension range of the interconnect member 5 along the first direction L1. Connecting grid lines completely covered by the interconnect member 5 refer to the number of connecting grid lines 3 whose projection is entirely within the projection of the interconnect member 5 when viewed from above, or the number of connecting grid lines 3 whose projection does not exceed the projection of the interconnect member 5. For example, Figure 2 In the first direction L1, the number of connecting grid lines electrically connected to three interconnecting parts 4 within the extension range of an interconnecting member 5 is 2. Therefore, the number N of connecting grid lines 3 corresponding to this interconnecting member 5 on a single battery cell is 2. The number of connecting grid lines 3 covered by the interconnecting member 5 is less than or equal to N / 2, indicating that the number of connecting grid lines not covered by the interconnecting member 5 is greater than or equal to N / 2. Since the number of uncovered connecting grid lines is relatively large, during the electrical connection process between the interconnecting parts 4 and the interconnecting member 5, although the connecting grid lines 3 and the interconnecting member will be heated, the large number of uncovered connecting grid lines significantly reduces the probability of them contacting each other, reacting, and thus breaking the connecting grid lines. Here, N is a natural number.

[0048] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 4 to 9 The D / L ratio is greater than or equal to 0.8% and less than or equal to 10%. In this case, the connecting gate lines and interconnects overlap, but the overlap length is controlled within a small range. For a single fine gate electrode, when a solder joint breaks in the overlapping portion, the length of the broken portion can be controlled to less than two fine gate electrodes. Compared to a large overlap between the connecting gate lines and interconnects, this design can effectively reduce the problem of fine gate electrode disconnection.

[0049] For example, D / L can be 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.4%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, or 10%.

[0050] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 4 to 9 The connecting grid line 3 intersects with the interconnecting element 5. When a weld breakage occurs in the connecting grid line, the broken portion is controlled within the area where the two intersect. Compared to the parallel overlapping or complete overlap of the two, the probability and scope of the weld breakage problem when the connecting grid line intersects with the interconnecting element are greatly reduced.

[0051] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 8A connecting gate line 3 has a spacing c and a spacing e between it and an interconnect 5, where c > e. For a single connecting gate line 3, the distance from the interconnect is different at different positions, which ensures that the connecting gate line and the interconnect do not overlap at at least some positions, reducing the probability of the connecting gate line being broken by soldering.

[0052] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 Along the first direction L1, the interconnect 4 includes a continuous first part and a second part (the left and right parts in the above figures). The connecting grid line 3 connects the first part of the previous interconnect 4 and the second part of the subsequent interconnect 4. When the connecting grid line is broken, the area of ​​overlap between the interconnect and the connecting grid line is relatively small. For example, for an interconnect 4, the first part and the second part can be distinguished by the geometric center of the interconnect 4.

[0053] In some embodiments, an adhesive film is provided between the connecting grid line 3 and the interconnecting member 5. This adhesive film has a certain isolating effect, which can prevent direct contact between the connecting grid line 3 and the interconnecting member 5. The composition of this adhesive film may be the same as or different from the composition of the encapsulating film in the photovoltaic module, and there is no specific limitation thereto.

[0054] In some embodiments, D is smaller than the spacing between adjacent fine gate electrodes. In this case, even if a connecting gate line is broken, the length of the broken portion is less than the spacing between the fine gate electrodes. That is, the fine gate electrodes on both sides of the broken portion converge onto the interconnect via their respective connecting gate lines, thereby avoiding the impact of the broken portion on the fine gate electrodes. This minimizes the adverse effects of overlapping connecting gate lines and interconnects. The spacing between the fine gate electrodes can be 0.5-1.5 mm, such as 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, and 1.5 mm.

[0055] In some embodiments, the shape of the connecting gate line 3 includes at least one of the following: a polygonal line, a straight line, and a curve. Using a straight connecting gate line can effectively reduce material waste and cost. Using a polygonal or curved connecting gate line can control the deviation of the connecting gate line away from the interconnect, increasing the safety distance. Using a polygonal line can effectively control the overlap length between the connecting gate line and the interconnect to be reduced to...

[0056] Lowest. For example, refer to Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 6 , Figures 9 to 11 The shape of the connecting grid line 3 is a straight line. For example, refer to... Figure 4 and Figure 7The shape of the connecting grid line 3 is a broken line. For example, refer to... Figure 5 and Figure 8 The shape of the connecting grid line 3 is curved.

[0057] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 2 to 9 as well as Figure 11 The interconnecting part 4 has a first side 43 along the first direction L1 and a second side 44 along the second direction L2. (Refer to...) Figure 1 , Figures 4 to 9 The connection is made between the end of the connecting grid line 3 and the midpoint and end point of the second side 44 of the interconnection section 4. (Refer to...) Figure 3 In the lowermost interconnect section, the end of the connecting gate line 3 is connected to the intersection 45 of the first side 43 and the second side 44 of the interconnect section 4. At this time, the current transmission distance on the connecting gate line is shorter, which can reduce current loss.

[0058] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 ,as well as Figure 3 In the first two interconnect sections from top to bottom, the end of the connecting gate line 3 is connected to the first side 43 of the interconnect section 4. This design, where the connecting gate line overlaps with the first side, enhances the connection between the connecting gate line and the interconnect section, avoiding the risk of poor printing or disconnection of the connecting gate line.

[0059] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 11 The end of the connecting grid line 3 is connected to the first side 43 of the interconnecting part 4 via the connecting segment 8. At this time, the gap between the connecting grid line and the interconnecting member is relatively large, providing sufficient safety distance. It should be noted that the connection in this application refers to both electrical and fixed connections; the connecting segment 8 here has a conductive function.

[0060] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 10 The connecting grid lines 3 on the two cells connected by the interconnect 5 are collinear. It should be understood that collinearity here allows for certain process errors; for example, a process error of less than 0.2mm due to equipment is permissible. During the welding process of the interconnect, the interconnect is in a straightened state. When the connecting grid lines on adjacent cells are collinear, it avoids the problem of gaps between the front part of the interconnect and the connecting grid lines, and overlap between the rear part and the connecting grid lines, caused by cell misalignment.

[0061] In some embodiments, a preceding cell connected to an interconnect has a lower connecting grid line near the next cell, and the next cell connected to the interconnect has an upper connecting grid line near the preceding cell. The lower connecting grid line and the upper connecting grid line are symmetrically distributed or rotationally symmetrical. During the process of connecting the cells to the interconnect, the stress on the upper and lower parts of the interconnect, as well as on the left and right sides, is relatively balanced, which can reduce the risk of cell cracking caused by stress superposition.

[0062] In some embodiments, the patterns of the connecting grid lines 3 are symmetrical or mirror images of two adjacent cells in the second direction L2. The connecting grid lines 3 play a relatively balanced role in the photovoltaic module between two adjacent cells in the second direction L2. When adjacent cells in the second direction, i.e., adjacent cells in an adjacent string, are symmetrical or mirror images, it is easy to control the connecting grid lines on the two cells to be as far apart as possible, thereby achieving a larger electrical isolation distance and reducing the risk of short circuits. It should be understood that symmetry here includes left-right symmetry, rotational symmetry, and mirror symmetry, etc.

[0063] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 A thickened section 21 is provided at the position where the fine gate electrode 2 intersects with the connecting gate line 3 or the interconnect 5. This increases the cross-sectional area at the current convergence point, thereby improving current transmission efficiency and reducing losses. The thickened section 21 is asymmetrical relative to the connecting gate line 3. The thickened section 21 is mainly designed and set with the center line of the first direction of the interconnect as the center. The thickened section can be applied when the connecting gate lines near the interconnect are set on one side, two sides, or intersecting. This is beneficial for designing different connecting gate lines when the design of the fine gate electrode, the interconnect, and the thickened section are unified. For example, the connecting gate lines can be arranged alternately on the left and right sides.

[0064] In some embodiments, a thickened section 21 is provided on the fine gate electrode 2 at the position where it intersects with the connecting gate line 3 or the interconnect member 5. In the second direction L2, the distance between the geometric center of the thickened section and the geometric center of the connecting gate line 3 is 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm, which can maximize the cross-sectional area of ​​the current convergence point near the connecting gate line and improve the current transmission efficiency. For example, in the second direction L2, the distance between the geometric center of the thickened section and the geometric center of the connecting gate line 3 can be 0.02 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.18 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.22 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.38 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.48 mm, or 0.5 mm.

[0065] In some embodiments, a thickened section 21 is provided on the fine gate electrode 2 at the position where it intersects with the connecting gate line 3 or the fine gate electrode 2 with the interconnect member 5. The thickened section 21 is in direct contact with the interconnect. At the position of the thickened section 21, current or charge carriers can be directly transmitted and collected through the interconnect. Furthermore, due to the thickened design, there is no need to worry about gate breakage.

[0066] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the interconnecting element 5 is circular or elliptical, and as previously described, the cross-section of the interconnecting element 5 is perpendicular to its extending direction. Multiple interconnecting portions 4 electrically connected to the same interconnecting element 5 have the same dimensions, thus simplifying the manufacturing process of the interconnecting portions 4; see reference... Figure 3 The width of the interconnecting part 4 is M, and the width of the interconnecting element 5 is m, where M is greater than or equal to 2m. Preferably, M can be less than or equal to 5m.

[0067] When M is greater than or equal to 2m, the fixed dimension of the interconnecting component in the longitudinal direction (i.e., the first direction L1) is greater than the fixed dimension in the transverse direction, and the longitudinal fixed dimension is more than twice the transverse fixed dimension. Given that the pull-out force of the interconnecting component is typically a force applied longitudinally to lift it up, in this design, the longitudinal force fixing the interconnecting component (resisting pull-out) is larger, thus providing better stability and reducing the risk of pull-out. The width direction of the interconnecting component can be referenced... Figure 3 The width of the horizontal interconnect section can be referenced in the middle. Figure 3 The vertical direction in the middle.

[0068] For example, the width of interconnect 4 is M, and the width of interconnect 5 is m. M can be 2m, 2.1m, 2.4m, 2.5m, 2.7m, 2.85m, 2.9m, 3m, 3.1m, 3.2m, 3.5m, 3.7m, 3.8m, 4m, or 4.5m. As another example, the width m of interconnect 5 is approximately 0.26mm, and the width M of interconnect 4 can be 0.15mm, 0.18mm, 0.2mm, 0.23mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.7mm, 0.75mm, 0.8mm, 0.85mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 0.5mm, 0.55mm, 0.6mm, 0.65mm, or 1.2mm. The length × width of the interconnection part 4 can be 1mm × 0.6mm, 1mm × 0.5mm, 1.2mm × 0.8mm, 1.2mm × 0.6mm, 1.2mm × 0.9mm, 0.9mm × 0.6mm, 0.8mm × 0.6mm, or 0.8mm × 0.5mm. The direction in which the length of the interconnection part 4 lies is parallel to the second direction L2.

[0069] In some embodiments, the length of the interconnecting part 4 is Q, and the width of the interconnecting member 5 is m. Q can be greater than or equal to 2.5m, for example, Q can be 2.5m, 2.7m, 2.85m, 2.9m, 3m, 3.1m, 3.2m, 3.5m, 3.7m, 3.8m, 4m, etc. Preferably, Q can be less than or equal to 8m. The length of the interconnecting part 4 can be 0.6mm-1.6mm, for example, the length of the interconnecting part can be 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.25mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm.

[0070] In some embodiments, the interconnection portion 4 includes two edge interconnections 41 that are relatively distributed along the first direction L1. Figure 1 Only one edge interconnect 41 is shown, along with an intermediate interconnect 42 located between two edge interconnect 41s. The distance between the edge interconnect 41 and the intermediate interconnect 42 is smaller than the distance between adjacent intermediate interconnect 42s. Specifically, the failure or pull-out of interconnects is usually caused by a force applied along the length direction of the interconnect, i.e., longitudinally, that lifts the interconnect. Therefore, reducing the spacing between the first and second interconnects in a row of interconnects, and reducing the force between the last two first and second interconnects, can effectively enhance the fixing effect on the length direction of the interconnect.

[0071] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 10 The battery cell also includes a harpoon structure 6, disposed along the first direction L1 adjacent to the edge of the battery body 1. The harpoon structure 6 includes at least one support leg 61. By disposing the harpoon structure 6 on the battery cell along the first direction L1 adjacent to the edge of the battery body 1, the risk of microcracks at the edge of the battery cell and the risk of the fine grid electrodes at the edge being broken by soldering can be reduced. For example, Figure 1 and Figure 10 In the middle, the harpoon structure 6 includes two legs 61.

[0072] The harpoon structure 6 satisfies at least one of the following characteristics: a. The harpoon structure 6 electrically connects the interconnection part 4 to 3 to 13 fine grid electrodes 2 near the edge of the battery body 1. Specifically, the harpoon structure 6 electrically connects the interconnection part 4 to 3 to 13 fine grid electrodes 2 near the edge of the battery body 1, which can effectively reduce the risk of microcracks at the edge of the battery cell while also considering cost. b. The shape of the support 61 includes a wavy shape. The support and the fine grid electrodes are usually screen-printed. When the two intersect, the alternating widths of the printed shapes can easily cause the narrowest width of the fine grid electrode to intersect with the narrowest width of the support. When the support is designed to be wavy, the cross-sectional area at the intersection of the support and the fine grid electrode can be increased, improving contact reliability and current converging efficiency. c. The support 61 intersects with the fine grid electrode 2, and the angle between the support 61 and the fine grid electrode 2 is less than 90°. This can increase the contact area between the fine grid electrode and the support, improving contact reliability.

[0073] For example, the harpoon structure 6 electrically connects the interconnection section 4 to the 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 fine grid electrodes 2 near the edge of the battery body 1. For example, the angle between the support leg 61 and the fine grid electrode 2 can be 87°, 89°, 85°, 82°, 80°, 78°, 75°, 72°, 70°, or 65°.

[0074] In some embodiments, along the first direction L1, 2 to 4 fine grid electrodes 2 intersecting with the support legs are disconnected at the position between the two support legs, while the remaining fine grid electrodes 2 intersect with the support legs 61. The specific number of fine grid electrodes that are disconnected is not limited. For example, from the outside in, the first, second, and fifth fine grid electrodes are disconnected, or the first, second, and third fine grid electrodes are disconnected. Specifically, the harpoon structure 6 can be located at the starting or ending electrical connection point between the battery cell and the interconnect 5. Typically, during the welding process between the interconnect 5 and the interconnect 4, the starting or ending electrical connection point exerts significant pressure on the battery cell. Therefore, the partial fine grid electrodes 2 at the harpoon structure can reduce the height difference between the battery cell and the interconnect, reducing the risk of microcracks or breakage of the battery cell. Optionally, a thickened section is provided at the position where the fine grid electrode intersects with the support leg 61 to prevent the fine grid electrode 2 from being broken during welding.

[0075] In some embodiments, the connecting gate line 3 has a wavy shape. A wavy shape in the connecting gate line helps reduce the risk of solder failure. Additionally, it simultaneously ensures sufficient contact area between the printed connecting gate line and the fine gate electrode, improving contact reliability.

[0076] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a frame line 7 located at the edge of the battery body 1; the frame line 7 intersects with multiple fine grid electrodes 2, and even if the connection between the fine grid electrodes 2 and the connecting grid lines 3 or interconnection portions 4 fails, current collection can still be achieved through the intersection of the frame line 7 and the multiple fine grid electrodes 2, thereby improving the current collection efficiency. The shape of the frame line 7 includes a wavy shape, which can further improve the contact reliability between the frame line and the fine grid electrodes.

[0077] It should be noted that, in this application, the mention of a structure having a wavy shape means that, while the direction of extension of the structure remains unchanged, a local location may have a wavy shape.

[0078] In some embodiments, the width of the connecting gate line 3 is 0.1-0.5 times the width of the interconnect 5, and the width of the connecting gate line 3 is 0.7-1.5 times the width of the fine gate electrode 2. For example, the width of the connecting gate line can be 0.03-0.1 mm. Compared with the conventional main gate, the width is reduced, increasing the risk of it being broken by the interconnect. In this case, setting the connecting gate line to not overlap or only slightly overlap with the interconnect, such as less than 15% overlap of the connecting gate line length, can effectively solve the risk of breakage of the thinner connecting gate line. For example, the width of the connecting gate line can be 0.03 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.06 mm, 0.07 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.065 mm, 0.75 mm, etc. The width of the fine gate electrode can be 0.02-0.12 mm. For example, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.10mm, 0.11mm, 0.12mm, etc.

[0079] Specifically, the connecting grid line 3 converges the current on the multiple fine grid electrodes 2 electrically connected to it. After convergence by the connecting grid line 3, the current is transmitted to the interconnecting part 4 electrically connected to it. If the width of the connecting grid line 3 is less than 0.1 times the width of the interconnecting part 5, or less than 0.7 times the width of the fine grid electrode 2, the connecting grid line 3 is too thin, which is mismatched with the large converged current transmitted on it, affecting current collection, and the excessively thin connecting grid line 3 may increase the risk of breakage. If the width of the connecting grid line 3 is greater than 0.5 times the width of the interconnecting part 5, or greater than 1.5 times the width of the fine grid electrode 2, the connecting grid line 3 is too thick, leading to material waste. In summary, a width of 0.1-0.5 times the width of the interconnecting part 5, and a width of 0.7-1.5 times the width of the fine grid electrode 2, results in better current collection and transmission effects, and less material loss.

[0080] For example, the width of the connecting gate line 3 can be 0.1, 0.2, 0.15, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, or 0.5 times the width of the interconnect 5, and the width of the connecting gate line 3 can be 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, or 1.5 times the width of the fine gate electrode 2. As another example, the width of the connecting gate line 3 can be 0.03mm, 0.034mm, 0.035mm, 0.038mm, 0.04mm, 0.042mm, 0.045mm, 0.047mm, 0.05mm, 0.055mm, or 0.06mm. The width of the interconnecting component 5 can be 1.5mm-3mm, such as 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2.0mm, 2.1mm, 2.2mm, 2.3mm, 2.4mm, 2.5mm, 2.6mm, 2.7mm, 2.8mm, 2.9mm, 3.0mm, etc.

[0081] It should be noted that the width of the connecting gate line 3 and the width of the interconnect 5 are parallel to the second direction L2, while the width of the fine gate electrode 2 and the interconnect are parallel to the first direction L1.

[0082] In some embodiments, the edge shape of the battery body includes a wavy shape. The wavy structure can effectively disperse and absorb impact forces, improve the structural stability of the battery body, and avoid the risk of microcracks or breakage.

[0083] In some embodiments, within a region corresponding to a solar cell: the number of interconnects 5 is E, and the number of columns of collinear connecting grid lines 3 is less than or equal to 2E. This combination of quantities achieves higher electrical connection reliability. For example, if an interconnect has 7 collinear connecting grid lines on its left side, it can be considered as a column of collinear connecting grid lines.

[0084] In some embodiments, within a region corresponding to a battery cell, the number E of interconnects 5 can be 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, or 30.

[0085] In some embodiments, 6-12 interconnects are connected on a single solar cell. For example, a row of interconnects on a solar cell may have 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, etc.

[0086] This application also provides a solar cell. For example, the solar cell includes a solar cell body, fine grid electrodes, connecting grid lines, and interconnection portions. The design of the solar cell body, fine grid electrodes, connecting grid lines, and interconnection portions can be referred to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0087] This application also provides a photovoltaic system comprising: a plurality of any of the aforementioned photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic modules can be arrayed in the photovoltaic system, and the photovoltaic system can be installed on a building or in an outdoor environment, without limitation.

[0088] It should be noted that the related aspects between photovoltaic modules and photovoltaic systems in this application can be referenced, but to avoid repetition, they will not be repeated here.

[0089] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0090] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: Multiple battery cells and interconnects connecting adjacent battery cells, the interconnects extending along a first direction; The battery cell includes: a battery body; Fine grid electrodes are disposed on the surface of the battery body and extend along a second direction and are arranged along a first direction, wherein the second direction intersects the first direction; the fine grid electrodes are connected to interconnecting portions, and interconnecting members are fixed and electrically connected to the fine grid electrodes through the interconnecting portions; And connecting grid lines, the connecting grid lines connecting two adjacent interconnects of the same polarity arranged along a first direction; Along the first direction, the length of the connecting grid line between two adjacent interconnects is L, wherein the length covered by the interconnect is D, and the D / L ratio of at least one connecting grid line on the cell is less than or equal to 50%.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The D / L ratio of at least one connecting grid line on the solar cell is less than or equal to 15%.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Between two adjacent interconnects in the first direction, the length D of the connecting gate line covered by the interconnect is 0, or there is a gap between the connecting gate line and the interconnect.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gap is 0.03 mm to 0.8 mm.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, On a single battery cell: the number of connecting grid lines corresponding to one interconnect is N, and the number of connecting grid lines completely covered by the interconnect is less than or equal to N / 2.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Between two adjacent interconnects in the first direction, the connecting grid lines are distributed on at least one side of the interconnect.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, On a battery cell, the connecting grid lines are alternately arranged on both sides of the interconnect.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The spacing between the interconnecting element and the connecting gate line on one of the two sides is a, and the spacing between the interconnecting element and the connecting gate line on the other side of the two sides is b, where a > b.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that, b is 0.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting grid line and the interconnecting element have a spacing c and a spacing e, where c > e.

11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting grid line intersects with the interconnect.

12. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, An adhesive film is provided between the connecting grid line and the interconnecting element.

13. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interconnection portion has a first side along a first direction and a second side along a second direction; The end of the connecting grid line is connected to the position between the midpoint and the endpoint of the second side of the interconnection part, or the end of the connecting grid line is connected to the intersection of the first and second sides of the interconnection part, or the end of the connecting grid line is connected to the first side of the interconnection part, or the end of the connecting grid line is connected to the first side of the interconnection part through a connecting segment.

14. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the interconnection portion includes a continuous first portion and a second portion, and the connecting gate line connects the first portion of the preceding interconnection portion and the second portion of the following interconnection portion.

15. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, A thickened section is provided at the position where the fine gate electrode intersects with the connecting gate line or at the position where the fine gate electrode intersects with the interconnect; The thickened section is asymmetrical relative to the connecting gate line; and / or, the thickened section is in direct contact with the interconnect portion.

16. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the connecting gate line is 0.1-0.5 times the width of the interconnect, and the width of the connecting gate line is 0.7-1.5 times the width of the fine gate electrode.

17. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The shape of the connecting grid line includes at least one of the following: a broken line, a straight line, and a curve.

18. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The shape of the connecting grid lines includes a wavy shape; and / or, The battery cell further includes: a frame line located at the edge of the battery body; the frame line intersects with multiple fine grid electrodes; the shape of the frame line includes a wavy shape.

19. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The preceding battery cell connected by the interconnecting element has a lower connecting grid line near the next battery cell, and the next battery cell connected by the interconnecting element has an upper connecting grid line near the preceding battery cell. The lower connecting grid line and the upper connecting grid line are symmetrically distributed or rotationally symmetrical.

20. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, For two adjacent battery cells in the second direction, the pattern of the connecting grid lines is symmetrical or mirrored.

21. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The battery body includes a light-facing side and a back-light-facing side distributed opposite to each other along its thickness direction, and both the back-light-facing side and the light-facing side are provided with the connecting grid lines and the interconnection portion; the battery cell satisfies at least one of the following characteristics: a. The connecting grid line on the light-facing side is misaligned with the connecting grid line at the corresponding position on the back-light side; b. The interconnection portion on the light-facing side is misaligned with the interconnection portion at the corresponding position on the backlight side; c. Along the first direction, the cell body has two opposing first edges, and the end interconnection portion has a first spacing between it and the adjacent first edge; the first spacing of at least one of the end interconnection portion on the light-facing side and the end interconnection portion on the backlight-facing side is smaller than the first spacing of the other end interconnection portion.

22. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The dimensions of the multiple interconnecting parts electrically connected to the same interconnecting element are the same; the width of the interconnecting part is M, the width of the interconnecting element is m, and M is greater than or equal to 2m.

23. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The interconnection section includes: two edge interconnection sections that are relatively distributed in the first direction, and an intermediate interconnection section located between the two edge interconnection sections; The distance between the edge interconnect and the intermediate interconnect is less than the distance between adjacent intermediate interconnects.

24. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The battery cell also includes: A harpoon structure is disposed along the first direction at a position adjacent to the edge of the battery body; the harpoon structure includes at least one support leg; the harpoon structure satisfies at least one of the following characteristics: a. The harpoon structure electrically connects the interconnecting part to 3 to 13 fine grid electrodes near the edge of the battery body; b. The shape of the support leg includes a wavy shape; c. The support foot intersects with the fine gate electrode, and the angle between the support foot and the fine gate electrode is less than 90°.

25. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that, include: The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

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