Photovoltaic cell and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic cell piece and photovoltaic module, photovoltaic cell piece includes cell piece body, and the first direction of cell piece body has independent plurality of grid line area to at least one side surface, and plurality of grid line area is located first conductive type doped layer and second conductive type doped layer, and plurality of grid line area interval arrangement along third direction, and grid line area has the plurality of grid line along second direction interval arrangement and along third direction extension, and the two grid line area of adjacent are first grid line area and second grid line area, and the total number of grid line in first grid line area and second grid line area is 2N, and N is positive integer. According to the photovoltaic cell piece of the utility model, it is beneficial to in the process of photovoltaic cell piece welding, and the interconnection structural member is along the extension direction of grid line, and the continuous welding of interconnection structural member and the grid line in plurality of grid line area is completed, improves the production efficiency of photovoltaic cell piece, reduces the welding deviation at the same time, and improves photovoltaic cell piece yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic cell technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic cell and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] Back-contact (BC) cells have both the PN junction and the metal contact surface located on the back of the photovoltaic cell. The front side uses a double-layer anti-reflection passivation film of SiNx / SiOx, with no metal electrodes blocking the view. All positive and negative electrodes are on the back of the cell, and the interconnect structure achieves electrical connection between photovoltaic cells by connecting to the electrodes on the back side.

[0003] In related technologies, photovoltaic cells have multiple grid regions spaced apart on the back side, with each grid region containing multiple individual grid lines for collecting charge carriers. However, there are cases where, even after the photovoltaic cell is flipped, positive terminals remain opposite each other, or negative terminals remain opposite each other. This means that adjacent grid lines have the same polarity along the extension direction of the photovoltaic cell string, making it difficult to continuously weld the interconnecting structures. This reduces both the production efficiency and yield of photovoltaic cells. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic cell that facilitates the continuous welding of interconnecting structural components and grid lines within multiple grid areas, thereby improving the production efficiency of photovoltaic cells while reducing welding deviations and increasing the yield of photovoltaic cells.

[0005] A photovoltaic cell according to a first aspect of the present invention includes: a cell body, the cell body comprising a crystalline silicon substrate, a first conductivity type doped layer, and a second conductivity type doped layer; the crystalline silicon substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; the first surface having the first conductivity type doped layer and the second conductivity type doped layer, the first conductivity type doped layer and the second conductivity type doped layer being alternately arranged in a second direction, the doping types of the first conductivity type doped layer and the second conductivity type doped layer being opposite; at least one side surface of the cell body in the first direction has a plurality of independent grid line regions, the plurality of grid line regions being located on the first conductivity type doped layer and the second conductivity type doped layer, the plurality of grid line regions being spaced apart along a third direction, each grid line region having a plurality of grid lines spaced apart along the second direction and extending along the third direction, two adjacent grid line regions being a first grid line region and a second grid line region, the total number of grid lines in the first grid line region and the second grid line region being 2N, where N is a positive integer; the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are orthogonal to each other.

[0006] According to the photovoltaic cell of this utility model embodiment, by ensuring that the total number of grid lines in two adjacent grid line regions on the cell body is even, it is beneficial to control the polarity of the two adjacent grid lines in the third direction to be opposite. This facilitates the continuous welding of the interconnect structure to the grid lines in multiple grid line regions during the photovoltaic cell welding process, improving the production efficiency of the photovoltaic cell while reducing welding deviation and increasing the yield of the photovoltaic cell. Simultaneously, it allows the current of the grid lines in two adjacent grid line regions to flow into the interconnect structure nearby, reducing series resistance, reducing Joule heat loss, improving energy conversion efficiency, and dispersing the mechanical stress on the cell body, resisting deformation and vibration of the cell body.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the number of gate lines in the gate line region is 2n, where n is a positive integer.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the gate line regions is even, and the number of the gate lines in at least two of the gate line regions is odd.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the gate line regions is an odd number, and the number of gate lines in each gate line region is 2n, where n is a positive integer.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, among the plurality of grid lines in the grid line region, the grid line with the shortest distance to the edge of the battery cell body in the second direction is the edge grid line, the distance between the edge grid line and the edge of the battery cell body is L1, and the distance between two adjacent grid lines in the grid line region in the second direction is L2, wherein L1 and L2 satisfy: L1 < L2.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, L1 and L2 further satisfy: 3mm < L1 < 2 / 3L2.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, L1 satisfies: 2mm≤L1≤6mm; and / or, L2 satisfies: 5mm≤L2≤9mm.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, among the plurality of grid lines in the grid line region, the grid line with the shortest distance to the edge of the battery cell body in the second direction is the edge grid line, the distance between the edge grid line and the edge of the battery cell body is L1, the distance between two adjacent grid lines in the grid line region in the second direction is L2, and the minimum distance between two adjacent grid line regions in the third direction is L3, wherein L1, L2, and L3 satisfy: L3 < L1 < L2.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the first conductivity type doped layer and the second conductivity type doped layer arranged in the second direction in the gate line region is the same as the number of gate lines in the gate line region.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of gate lines in the gate line region include a plurality of first gate lines and a plurality of second gate lines, the plurality of first gate lines and the plurality of second gate lines are alternately arranged along the second direction, the polarities of the first gate lines and the second gate lines are opposite, the first gate lines are connected to the first conductivity type doped layer, and the second gate lines are connected to the second conductivity type doped layer.

[0016] A photovoltaic module according to a second aspect of the present invention includes a photovoltaic cell according to the first aspect of the present invention described above.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model, which includes two grid line regions; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model, which includes three grid line regions; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model, which includes four grid line regions; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure label: 100: Photovoltaic cells; 1: Cell body; 11: Grid line region; 111: Grid line; 112: First grid line; 113: Second grid line; 14: Crystalline silicon substrate; 15: First conductivity type doped layer; 16: Second conductivity type doped layer; 17: First grid line region; 18: Second grid line region; 200: Photovoltaic module; 201: Interconnection structure. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following is for reference. Figures 1-7 A photovoltaic cell 100 according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0021] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the photovoltaic cell 100 according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a cell body 1.

[0022] Specifically, the solar cell body 1 includes a crystalline silicon substrate 14, a first conductivity type doped layer 15, and a second conductivity type doped layer 16. The crystalline silicon substrate 14 has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other. The first surface is provided with the first conductivity type doped layer 15 and the second conductivity type doped layer 16. The first conductivity type doped layer 15 and the second conductivity type doped layer 16 are alternately arranged in a second direction, and the doping types of the first conductivity type doped layer 15 and the second conductivity type doped layer 16 are opposite. At least one side surface of the solar cell body 1 in the first direction has a plurality of independent grid line regions 11. The plurality of grid line regions 11 are located on the first conductivity type doped layer 15 and the second conductivity type doped layer 16, and the plurality of grid line regions 11 are spaced apart along a third direction. In the description of this utility model, "plural" means two or more.

[0023] The grid line region 11 has a plurality of grid lines 111 spaced apart along the second direction and extending along the third direction. Two adjacent grid line regions 11 are the first grid line region 17 and the second grid line region 18. The total number of grid lines 111 in the first grid line region 17 and the second grid line region 18 is 2N, where N is a positive integer. The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are orthogonal to each other.

[0024] Both the first conductivity type doped layer 15 and the second conductivity type doped layer 16 are disposed on the first surface of the crystalline silicon substrate 14. The crystalline silicon substrate 14 is the core functional layer of the battery, responsible for light absorption and carrier generation. The first conductivity type doped layer 15 and the second conductivity type doped layer 16, by introducing impurity atoms, modulate the conductivity characteristics of the crystalline silicon substrate 14 and other functional layers, thereby separating photogenerated carriers. The first conductivity type doped layer 15 and the second conductivity type doped layer 16 have opposite polarities, which facilitates the formation of a built-in electric field to separate photogenerated carriers, improve photoelectric conversion efficiency, and ensure the long-term power generation stability of the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0025] It should be noted that the multiple gate line regions 11 are disposed on the first conductivity type doped layer 15 and the second conductivity type doped layer 16, which does not only include direct contact, but only refers to the spatial upper part. Other film layers, such as passivation layers or antireflection layers, can be disposed on the first conductivity type doped layer 15 and between the gate line 111.

[0026] For example, in Figures 1-6 In the example, the battery cell body 1 may include two, three, or four grid line regions 11. No specific limitation is made here. Each grid line region 11 is provided with multiple grid lines 111, which are arranged in parallel along a third direction, and adjacent grid lines 111 are spaced apart in a second direction.

[0027] The first grid line region 17 and the second grid line region 18, which are adjacent to each other upwards along a third direction, have an even sum of the number of grid lines 111 in the first grid line region 17 and the number of grid lines 111 in the second grid line region 18. This makes it easier to control the polarity of two adjacent and opposite grid lines 111 in the first grid line region 17 and the second grid line region 18 upwards along a third direction. This facilitates the continuous welding of the interconnect structure 201 with the grid lines 111 in multiple grid line regions 11 during the welding process of the photovoltaic cell 100. This improves the production efficiency of the photovoltaic cell 100, reduces welding deviation, and improves the yield of the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0028] Meanwhile, the sum of the number of grid lines 111 in the first grid region 17 and the number of grid lines 111 in the second grid region 18 is even, which facilitates the connection of multiple interconnecting structures 201 (e.g., solder ribbons) extending along a third direction to the corresponding grid lines 111 in the first grid region 17 and the second grid region 18, forming a direct conduction path from the grid lines 111 to the interconnecting structure 201, avoiding current conduction across or around the grid lines 111. The interconnecting structure 201 continuously connects the first grid region 17 and the second grid region 18, allowing the current of the grid lines 111 in the first grid region 17 and the second grid region 18 to flow into the interconnecting structure 201 nearby, reducing series resistance, reducing Joule heat loss, and improving energy conversion efficiency. Furthermore, it can also disperse the mechanical stress on the cell body 1, resisting deformation and vibration of the cell body 1.

[0029] According to the photovoltaic cell 100 of this utility model embodiment, by ensuring that the total number of grid lines 111 in two adjacent grid regions 11 on the cell body is even, it is beneficial to control the polarity of the two adjacent grid lines 111 in the third direction to be opposite. This facilitates the continuous welding of the interconnect structure 201 with the grid lines 111 in multiple grid regions 11 during the welding process of the photovoltaic cell 100, along the extension direction of the grid lines 111. This improves the production efficiency of the photovoltaic cell 100, reduces welding deviation, and increases the yield of the photovoltaic cell 100. At the same time, it allows the current of the grid lines 111 in two adjacent grid regions 11 to flow into the interconnect structure 201 nearby, reducing series resistance, reducing Joule heat loss, improving energy conversion efficiency, and dispersing the mechanical stress on the cell body 1, resisting deformation and vibration of the cell body 1.

[0030] According to some embodiments of this utility model, refer to Figures 1-6 The number of grid lines 111 in at least one grid line region 11 is 2n, where n is a positive integer. Thus, the number of grid lines 111 in the aforementioned at least one grid line region 11 is even, and the multiple grid lines 111 are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the second direction of the cell body 1, so that the current can flow into the symmetrical grid lines 111 in both directions nearby, avoiding long-distance current conduction in a single direction.

[0031] According to some other embodiments of the present invention, the number of grid areas 11 is even, and the number of grid lines 111 in at least two grid areas 11 is odd. For example, when the cell body 1 includes two grid areas 11, the number of grid lines 111 in both grid areas 11 is odd; or, when the cell body 1 includes four grid areas 11, the number of grid lines 111 in two of the grid areas 11 is odd, and the number of grid lines 111 in the remaining two grid areas 11 is even; or, when the cell body 1 includes four grid areas 11, the number of grid lines 111 in all four grid areas 11 is odd. No specific limitations are made here. Therefore, when multiple photovoltaic cell bodies 100 are connected in series, each photovoltaic cell 100 does not need to be flipped, and positive and negative continuous welding can be directly achieved in the third direction.

[0032] When the number of grid lines 111 in the grid line region 11 is odd, the grid line 111 located in the center can carry the current in the middle of the solar cell body 1, avoiding current accumulation caused by excessive distance between the grid lines 111 on both sides. At the same time, the grid line 111 located in the center can act as a current balancing node. If there is a difference in contact resistance between the grid lines 111 on both sides, the grid line 111 located in the center can shunt and compensate, reducing the overall current distribution deviation. Alternatively, the design of the grid line region 11 is suitable for the asymmetrical layout of the solar cell body 1, thereby increasing the applicability of the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0033] According to some other embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The number of grid regions 11 is odd, and the number of grid lines 111 in each grid region 11 is 2n, where n is a positive integer. The number of grid regions 11 on the cell body 1 can be one, three, or five; no specific limitation is made here. The number of grid lines 111 in each grid region 11 on the cell body 1 is even. This ensures that the sum of the number of grid lines 111 in all grid regions 11 is even, and it helps to control the polarity of adjacent grid lines 111 in two adjacent grid regions 11 to be opposite in the third direction. This facilitates continuous welding of the interconnect structure 201 to the grid lines 111 in multiple grid regions 11 during the photovoltaic cell 100 welding process, improving the production efficiency and yield of the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0034] When the number of grid areas 11 is odd and the number of grid lines 111 in each independent grid area 11 is even, two adjacent photovoltaic cells 100 can be connected. One of them remains stationary, and the other photovoltaic cell 100 only needs to be flipped to form a series connection with the previous photovoltaic cell 100. However, if the number of grid lines 111 in an independent grid area 11 is odd, it is impossible to achieve series connection no matter how it is flipped.

[0035] According to some other embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 Among the multiple grid lines 111 in the grid line region 11, the grid line 111 with the shortest distance to the edge of the solar cell body 1 in the second direction is the edge grid line. The distance between the edge grid line and the edge of the solar cell body 1 is L1, and the distance between two adjacent grid lines 111 in the second direction is L2, where L1 and L2 satisfy: L1 < L2. The smaller distance between the edge grid line and the edge of the solar cell body 1 in the second direction is beneficial for making full use of the space on the edge of the solar cell body 1 in the second direction, thereby facilitating a significant increase in the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0036] The distance between two adjacent grid lines 111 in the second direction within the grid area 11 is relatively large, which makes the distance between two adjacent grid lines 111 more reasonable, which is conducive to meeting the needs of current collection and transmission, while reducing the number of grid lines 111 and reducing the cost of photovoltaic cell 100.

[0037] Furthermore, L1 and L2 further satisfy: 3mm < L1 < 2 / 3L2. Therefore, the relationship between the distance between the edge grid line and the edge of the solar cell body 1 in the second direction and the distance between two adjacent grid lines 111 within the grid line area 11 in the second direction is reasonable. Ensuring that the distance between the edge grid line and the solar cell body 1 is greater than 3mm is reasonable, avoiding damage to the edge grid line due to mechanical stress concentration or process deviations at the edge of the solar cell body 1, which would affect the photoelectric conversion at the edge grid line position. At the same time, it avoids wasting the effective light-receiving area of ​​the photovoltaic cell 100 by having an excessively large distance between the edge grid line and the solar cell body 1, thereby ensuring the energy harvesting efficiency of the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0038] Furthermore, L1 satisfies: 2mm ≤ L1 ≤ 6mm. When the distance between the edge grid line and the edge of the cell body 1 is less than 2mm, the distance between the edge grid line and the edge of the cell body 1 is small, and the edge grid line is easily damaged due to mechanical stress concentration or process deviation, affecting the photoelectric conversion at the edge grid line position. When the distance between the edge grid line and the edge of the cell body 1 is greater than 6mm, it easily results in at least a part of the area on the cell body 1 being wasted. Therefore, by setting the distance between the edge grid line and the edge of the cell body 1 to 2mm ≤ L1 ≤ 6mm, the effective area on the cell body 1 is fully utilized while ensuring the effective use of the edge grid line, thereby improving the operational stability of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0039] L2 satisfies: 5mm ≤ L2 ≤ 9mm. When the distance between two adjacent grid lines 111 in the second direction of the grid line region 11 is less than 5mm, the amount of silver paste used is large, increasing the cost of the photovoltaic cell 100 and the manufacturing difficulty, which may reduce the production yield. When the distance between two adjacent grid lines 111 in the second direction of the grid line region 11 is greater than 9mm, the number of grid lines 111 is reduced within the limited length range of the grid line region 11 in the second direction, resulting in an excessively long current conduction distance and a significant increase in series resistance. Therefore, the distance between two adjacent grid lines 111 in the second direction of the grid line region 11 is more reasonable, which is conducive to meeting the cell transmission needs of the photovoltaic cell 100 while reducing the cost of the photovoltaic cell 100, reducing the manufacturing difficulty, and improving the production yield of the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0040] According to some embodiments of this utility model, refer to Figures 1-6Among the multiple grid lines 111 in the grid region 11, the grid line 111 with the shortest distance to the edge of the cell body 1 in the second direction is the edge grid line. The distance between the edge grid line and the edge of the cell body 1 is L1. The distance between two adjacent grid lines 111 in the second direction is L2. The minimum distance between two adjacent grid regions 11 in the third direction is L3. Wherein, L1, L2, and L3 satisfy: L3 < L1 < L2. The multiple grid lines 111 in two adjacent grid regions 11 can be insulated from each other by spacing, which helps to avoid recombination between two adjacent grid regions 11, reduces the energy loss of the photovoltaic cell 100, and thus improves the carrier collection efficiency of the photovoltaic cell 100. The minimum distance between two adjacent gate line regions 11 in the third direction is beneficial to reducing the path of current flowing to the interconnect structure 201 (e.g., solder strip) of the adjacent gate line regions 11, reducing current loss, while taking into account that the first gate line region 112 and the second gate line region 113 form a gap region to prevent leakage and reduce the occurrence of recombination.

[0041] According to some embodiments of this utility model, refer to Figures 1-6 The number of first conductivity type doped layers 15 and second conductivity type doped layers 16 arranged in the second direction within the grid region 11 is the same as the number of grid lines 111 within the grid region 11. A first conductivity type doped layer 15 or a second conductivity type doped layer 16 can be disposed below each grid line 111 within the grid region 11. Grid lines 111 with the same polarity as the first conductivity type doped layer 15 conduct current from the first conductivity type doped layer 15, and grid lines 111 with the same polarity as the second conductivity type doped layer 16 conduct current from the second conductivity type doped layer 16. Thus, effective current transfer and extraction of the photovoltaic module 200 are achieved.

[0042] According to some embodiments of this utility model, refer to Figures 1-6 At least one gate region 11 has multiple gate lines 111 including multiple first gate lines 112 and multiple second gate lines 113, which are alternately arranged along a second direction. The polarities of the first gate lines 112 and the second gate lines 113 are opposite, and the number of first gate lines 112 and second gate lines 113 is equal. For example, in Figure 1 and Figure 2In the example, two grid regions 11 are provided on one side of the cell body 1 in the thickness direction. Each grid region 11 includes eleven first grid lines 112 and eleven second grid lines 113. The eleven first grid lines 112 and eleven second grid lines 113 extend along a third direction. The parallel arrangement of the first grid lines 112 and second grid lines 113 helps to avoid short circuits caused by their crossing. Furthermore, the alternating arrangement of the eleven first grid lines 112 and eleven second grid lines 113 along a second direction helps to optimize the spatial layout of the back electrode of the cell body 1, improve carrier collection efficiency, and reduce optical losses. Simultaneously, the staggered arrangement of the first grid lines 112 and second grid lines 113 with opposite polarities effectively disperses the current density, avoiding localized overheating or resistance loss.

[0043] In some optional embodiments, a plurality of grid lines 111 in at least one grid region 11 are evenly spaced along a second direction. The spacing of the plurality of grid lines 111 in at least one grid region 11 along the second direction is relatively uniform. Thus, the equal-spacing design allows for a uniform distribution of current inflow points within the grid region 11, which helps to avoid hot spot effects caused by local overheating. At the same time, the equal-spacing design is compatible with the standardized operation of automated production equipment, thereby helping to reduce the cost of the photovoltaic cell 100 and improve the manufacturing efficiency of the photovoltaic cell 100.

[0044] The photovoltaic module 200 according to the second aspect of the present invention includes the photovoltaic cell 100 according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[0045] The photovoltaic module 200 according to the present invention is beneficial to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module 200, and at the same time, it is beneficial to improve the manufacturing efficiency and yield of the photovoltaic module 200, thereby enhancing the market competitiveness of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0046] Other configurations and operations of the photovoltaic module 200 according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0047] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0048] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0049] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic cell, characterized in that, include: The solar cell body includes a crystalline silicon substrate, a first conductivity type doped layer, and a second conductivity type doped layer. The crystalline silicon substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other. The first surface is provided with the first conductivity type doped layer and the second conductivity type doped layer. The first conductivity type doped layer and the second conductivity type doped layer are alternately arranged in a second direction, and the doping types of the first conductivity type doped layer and the second conductivity type doped layer are opposite. At least one side surface of the solar cell body in a first direction has multiple independent grid line regions, which are located on the first conductivity type doped layer and the second conductivity type doped layer, and are spaced apart along a third direction. The grid line region has a plurality of grid lines spaced apart along the second direction and extending along the third direction. Two adjacent gate line regions are the first gate line region and the second gate line region, and the total number of gate lines in the first gate line region and the second gate line region is 2N, where N is a positive integer; The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are orthogonal to each other.

2. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of gate lines in the gate line region is 2n, where n is a positive integer.

3. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the gate line regions is even, and the number of the gate lines in at least two of the gate line regions is odd.

4. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the gate line regions is odd, and the number of gate lines in each gate line region is 2n, where n is a positive integer.

5. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Among the multiple grid lines in the grid line region, the grid line with the shortest distance to the edge of the battery cell body in the second direction is the edge grid line. The distance between the edge grid line and the edge of the battery cell body is L1. The distance between two adjacent grid lines in the grid line region in the second direction is L2. Wherein, L1 and L2 satisfy: L1 < L2.

6. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, The L1 and L2 further satisfy the following condition: 3mm < L1 < 2 / 3L2.

7. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, The L1 satisfies: 2mm ≤ L1 ≤ 6mm; and / or, The L2 satisfies: 5mm≤L2≤9mm.

8. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Among the multiple grid lines in the grid line region, the grid line with the shortest distance to the edge of the battery cell body in the second direction is the edge grid line. The distance between the edge grid line and the edge of the battery cell body is L1. The distance between two adjacent grid lines in the grid line region in the second direction is L2. The minimum distance between two adjacent grid line regions in the third direction is L3. Wherein, L1, L2, and L3 satisfy: L3 < L1 < L2.

9. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the first conductivity type doped layer and the second conductivity type doped layer arranged in the second direction within the gate line region is the same as the number of gate lines within the gate line region.

10. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of gate lines in the gate line region include a plurality of first gate lines and a plurality of second gate lines, which are arranged alternately along the second direction. The polarities of the first gate lines and the second gate lines are opposite. The first gate lines are connected to the first conductivity type doped layer, and the second gate lines are connected to the second conductivity type doped layer.

11. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, Including the photovoltaic cell according to any one of claims 1-10.

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