Lightweight seeding depth adjusting mechanism suitable for small plots

Abstract

The utility model is suitable for the field of agricultural machinery technology, provides a kind of lightweight seeding depth adjusting mechanism suitable for small plot, including mounting seat, storage bucket, seeding pipe and soil breaking shovel, further include horizontal adjusting mechanism and depth adjusting mechanism, by "two-dimension synchronous adjustment" design, greatly promote the adaptability and flexibility of small plot seeding. Horizontal adjusting mechanism is driven by scissors type telescopic frame and screw rod transmission, can drive all seeding pipe to be synchronized to approach or away from middle reference, realize the even adjustment of the distance between adjacent soil breaking shovel, adapt to the planting density demand of different crops, solve the defect of fixed distance between traditional mechanism;Depth adjusting mechanism is linked by driving shaft multiple worm and worm gear, drives all seeding pipe to be synchronized to lift, in combination with the orientation of limiting protrusion and sliding slot, accurately control soil breaking shovel into soil depth, meet the seeding depth requirement of different seeds, without operating one by one, significantly improve the adjustment efficiency, adapt to the diversification planting scene of small plot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically a lightweight seeding depth adjustment mechanism suitable for small plots of land. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural production, small-plot planting, due to its fragmented nature and complex terrain, places significant demands on the flexibility and lightweight design of sowing equipment. Traditional large-scale seeders are difficult to adapt, while lightweight seeders, with their advantages of small size and ease of operation, have become the mainstream choice for small-plot planting. These seeders typically feature multiple separately positioned soil-breaking shovels. These shovels cut into the soil to form seed furrows, which are then combined with the sowing components to complete the sowing. The adjustable sowing depth function directly affects the seed germination rate and needs to be flexibly adjusted according to the growth characteristics of different seeds such as corn, soybeans, and vegetables. However, the adjustment mechanisms of existing lightweight seeders have significant shortcomings: while they can achieve basic adjustments to the sowing depth, the spacing between the multiple breaking shovels is mostly fixed and cannot be adjusted according to actual needs. Different crops have vastly different planting density requirements (e.g., vegetables require dense planting, while corn requires sparse planting), and the fixed-spacing breaking shovels are difficult to adapt to diverse planting needs, thus requiring improvement in practicality.

[0003] Therefore, developing a sowing depth adjustment mechanism with flexible adjustment of the spacing of the soil-breaking shovels has become an urgent need to meet diverse planting needs and improve the planting efficiency of small plots. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a lightweight seeding depth adjustment mechanism suitable for small plots, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A lightweight seeding depth adjustment mechanism suitable for small plots includes a mounting base. Multiple wheels are rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting base, and multiple storage bins are fixedly mounted on the top surface. Seeding pipes are installed at the bottom of the storage bins via corrugated telescopic tubes, and a soil-breaking shovel is installed at the bottom of each seeding pipe. The mechanism also includes a horizontal adjustment mechanism and a depth adjustment mechanism. The horizontal adjustment mechanism, used to adjust the spacing between adjacent seeding pipes, includes a mounting plate, a support plate, and a drive unit. Multiple mounting plates and support plates are provided, and the mounting plates are installed within the mounting base. The central mounting plate is fixedly installed, while the remaining mounting plates are slidably mounted on the inner wall of the mounting base via slide rails. The support plate has an L-shaped structure, and multiple support plates are connected one-to-one with multiple mounting plates through connecting plates. The side wall of the mounting base is provided with side holes for the connecting plates to slide. The driving unit is used to provide power for multiple mounting plates to move synchronously towards or away from the middle mounting plate. The depth adjustment mechanism includes a housing fixedly mounted on the support plate, a worm gear rotatably disposed in the housing, a worm meshing with the worm gear, and a first threaded sleeve coaxially fixedly mounted in the worm gear. The seeding tube passes through the first threaded sleeve, and the outer side wall of the seeding tube is provided with an external thread adapted to the first threaded sleeve. The horizontal plate of the support plate is also provided with a round hole for the seeding tube to pass through.

[0006] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a limiting protrusion is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the circular hole, and a sliding groove that is adapted to slide with the limiting protrusion is also provided on the outer wall of the seeding tube.

[0007] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the drive unit includes a scissor-type telescopic frame, a screw, and a second threaded sleeve. The scissor-type telescopic frame is installed in the mounting base, and round rods are rotatably installed at multiple nodes of the scissor-type telescopic frame. The multiple round rods are fixedly installed on the mounting plate one by one. The second threaded sleeve is fixedly installed on the side of one of the mounting plates. The screw is rotatably installed on the side wall of the mounting base, and one end of the screw is threaded into the second threaded sleeve, while the other end is equipped with a knob.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a protective cover is also fixedly provided on the side of the mounting base, and multiple support plates are movably installed inside the protective cover. The upper and lower surfaces of the protective cover are symmetrically provided with straight groove holes for the sowing tube to slide.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the worm gear has a hollow structure, and a drive shaft is rotatably installed inside the protective cover. A handwheel is installed at one end of the drive shaft that extends outside the protective cover, and the drive shaft passes through multiple worm gears. Multiple key bars are also fixedly arranged in an array on the outer side wall of the drive shaft, and a keyway that slides and adapts to the key bars is opened on the inner wall of the worm gear.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention significantly improves the adaptability and flexibility of small-plot sowing through a "dual-dimensional synchronous adjustment" design. The horizontal adjustment mechanism, utilizing a scissor-type telescopic frame and screw drive, can drive all sowing tubes to synchronously approach or move away from the central reference, achieving uniform adjustment of the spacing between adjacent breaking shovels. This adapts to the planting density requirements of different crops and solves the problem of fixed spacing in traditional mechanisms. The depth adjustment mechanism, through a drive shaft linking multiple worm gears, drives all sowing tubes to rise and fall synchronously. Combined with the guidance of limiting protrusions and sliding grooves, it precisely controls the depth of the breaking shovels into the soil, meeting the sowing depth requirements of different seeds. This eliminates the need for individual operation, significantly improving adjustment efficiency and adapting to diverse planting scenarios in small plots. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a lightweight seeding depth adjustment mechanism suitable for small plots; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective shield; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal mechanism of the mounting base; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of section A; Figure 5 Enlarged view of the mounting plate, support plate, outer casing, and seeding tube; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Top view sectional view; In the diagram: 1. Mounting base; 2. Rotary wheel; 3. Storage hopper; 4. Corrugated telescopic tube; 5. Seeding tube; 6. Soil-breaking shovel; 7. Mounting plate; 8. Support plate; 9. Connecting plate; 10. Side hole; 11. Housing; 12. Worm gear; 13. Worm; 14. First threaded sleeve; 15. External thread; 16. Round hole; 17. Slide groove; 18. Scissor-type telescopic frame; 19. Round rod; 20. Screw; 21. Second threaded sleeve; 22. Knob; 23. Protective cover; 24. Straight slot hole; 25. Drive shaft; 26. Key bar; 27. Handwheel. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The technical solution of this patent will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Example 1

[0013] Please see Figure 1-6A lightweight seeding depth adjustment mechanism suitable for small plots includes a mounting base 1, which provides the foundation for the entire adjustment mechanism, supports the seeding components and adjustment parts, ensures structural stability during seeding in small plots, and can be detachably connected to a tractor. Multiple wheels 2 are rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting base 1, and multiple storage bins 3 are fixedly mounted on the top surface. The wheels 2 facilitate the movement of the mechanism in small plots with scattered and complex terrain, adapting to the flexible operation needs of small plots. The storage bins 3 store seeds and transport them to the seeding pipe 5, providing a seed channel for seeding. The seeding pipe 5 is installed at the bottom of the storage bins 3 via a corrugated telescopic tube 4, and a soil-breaking shovel 6 is installed at the bottom of the seeding pipe 5. The corrugated telescopic tube 4 can flexibly extend and retract with the raising and lowering of the seeding pipe 5, ensuring that the seed transport channel is always unobstructed. The seeding pipe 5 guides the seeds into the soil, and the soil-breaking shovel 6 cuts into the soil to form a seed furrow, providing the basic conditions for seed sowing. The mechanism also includes a horizontal adjustment mechanism and a depth adjustment mechanism. The horizontal adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the spacing between adjacent seeding tubes 5 to adapt to the planting density requirements of different crops and solve the defect of fixed spacing of the soil-breaking shovels in the background technology. The depth adjustment mechanism controls the soil penetration depth of the seeding tubes 5 and the soil-breaking shovels 6 to meet the sowing depth requirements of different seeds.

[0014] Specifically, the horizontal adjustment mechanism includes a mounting plate 7, a support plate 8, and a drive unit. Multiple mounting plates 7 and support plates 8 are provided, with the middle mounting plate 7 fixed within the mounting base 1. The remaining mounting plates 7 are slidably mounted on the inner wall of the mounting base 1 via slide rails. The support plates 8 have an L-shaped structure, and multiple support plates 8 are connected one-to-one with the multiple mounting plates 7 via connecting plates 9. The side wall of the mounting base 1 has side holes 10 for the connecting plates 9 to slide. The fixed middle mounting plate 7 provides a reference for spacing adjustment, while the sliding mounting plates 7 can move along the slide rails. The L-shaped support plates 8 connect the mounting plates 7 to the depth adjustment mechanism, enabling linkage between horizontal and depth adjustments. The connecting plates 9 cooperate with the side holes 10 to ensure that the support plates 8 move synchronously and smoothly with the mounting plates 7, preventing offset. The drive unit provides power for the multiple mounting plates 7 to move synchronously towards or away from the middle mounting plate 7, ensuring uniform and synchronous spacing adjustment.

[0015] The depth adjustment mechanism includes a housing 11 fixedly mounted on a support plate 8, a worm gear 12 rotatably mounted inside the housing 11, a worm 13 meshing with the worm gear 12, and a first threaded sleeve 14 coaxially fixedly mounted inside the worm gear 12. The seeding tube 5 passes through the first threaded sleeve 14, and the outer wall of the seeding tube 5 is provided with an external thread 15 adapted to the first threaded sleeve 14. A round hole 16 for the seeding tube 5 to pass through is also provided on the horizontal plate of the support plate 8. The housing 11 protects the worm gear 12 and the worm 13 from the influence of soil impurities. The worm 13 drives the worm gear 12 to rotate, which drives the first threaded sleeve 14 to rotate synchronously. Through the cooperation of the external thread 15 and the first threaded sleeve 14, the rotational motion is converted into the up-and-down linear motion of the seeding tube 5, thereby realizing the adjustment of the seeding depth. Example 2

[0016] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 A limiting protrusion is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the round hole 16, and a sliding groove 17 is provided on the outer wall of the seeding tube 5 to slide and adapt to the limiting protrusion. The limiting protrusion and the sliding groove 17 cooperate to restrict the rotation of the seeding tube 5, ensuring that the seeding tube 5 only moves in the up and down direction. Example 3

[0017] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The drive unit includes a scissor-type telescopic frame 18, a screw 20, and a second threaded sleeve 21. The scissor-type telescopic frame 18 is installed in the mounting base 1, and round rods 19 are rotatably installed at multiple nodes of the scissor-type telescopic frame 18. Multiple round rods 19 are fixedly installed on the mounting plates 7 one by one. The second threaded sleeve 21 is fixedly installed on the side of one of the mounting plates 7. The screw 20 is rotatably installed on the side wall of the mounting base 1, and one end of the screw 20 is threaded into the second threaded sleeve 21, while the other end is equipped with a knob 22. Rotating the knob 22 drives the screw 20 to rotate, which, through cooperation with the second threaded sleeve 21, drives the outermost mounting plate 7 to move along the slide rail. The mounting plate 7 drives the scissor-type telescopic frame 18 to extend and retract. The round rods 19 at its nodes drive all mounting plates 7 to move closer to or further away from the middle mounting plate 7 simultaneously, realizing the uniform adjustment of the distance between adjacent seeding tubes 5 and the soil-breaking shovel 6. This solves the problem of inflexible adjustment of the distance in the prior art and has the advantage of convenient adjustment. Example 4

[0018] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2A protective cover 23 is also fixedly installed on the side of the mounting base 1. Multiple support plates 8 are movably installed inside the protective cover 23. The upper and lower surfaces of the protective cover 23 are symmetrically provided with straight groove holes 24 for the sowing tube 5 to slide. The protective cover 23 prevents soil, weeds and other impurities from entering the adjustment mechanism and protects components such as the worm gear 12 and worm 13. The straight groove holes 24 provide a lifting channel for the sowing tube 5 and limit its horizontal displacement to ensure stable depth adjustment. Example 5

[0019] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 6 The worm gear 13 has a hollow structure, and a drive shaft 25 is rotatably installed inside the protective cover 23. A handwheel 27 is installed at one end of the drive shaft 25 that extends outside the protective cover 23, and the drive shaft 25 passes through multiple worm gears 13. Multiple key bars 26 are also fixedly arranged in an array on the outer wall of the drive shaft 25. The inner wall of the worm gear 13 has a keyway that slides and adapts to the key bars 26. Rotating the handwheel 27 drives the drive shaft 25 to rotate, and the key bars 26 cooperate with the keyways to drive all worm gears 13 to rotate synchronously, realizing synchronous adjustment of the depth of multiple seeding tubes 5 without the need for individual operation, thus improving adjustment efficiency. In addition, the worm gear 13 can slide along the drive shaft 25 to adapt to the change in the spacing of the support plate 8 during horizontal adjustment, ensuring that the depth adjustment function is not affected by horizontal adjustment.

[0020] Working principle: Before use, connect the mounting base 1 to the tractor and adjust the spacing of the soil-breaking shovels 6 according to the crop planting density requirements: Turn the knob 22, the screw 20 and the second threaded sleeve 21 cooperate to drive the side mounting plate 7 to move, which drives the scissor-type telescopic frame 18 to extend and retract. Through the round rod 19, all mounting plates 7 move closer to or further away from the middle mounting plate 7 at the same time. The support plate 8 slides along the side hole 10 with the connecting plate 9, and the spacing between the adjacent seeding tubes 5 and the soil-breaking shovels 6 is adjusted to a suitable width. Then adjust the depth according to the seed sowing depth requirements: Turn the handwheel 27, the drive shaft 25 drives all worm gears 13 to rotate synchronously through the key 26. The worm gears 13 mesh with the worm wheel 12 to rotate the first threaded sleeve 14. Under the restriction of the limiting protrusion and the sliding groove 17, the seeding tube 5 moves up and down along the round hole 16 and the straight groove hole 24, which drives the soil-breaking shovels 6 to adjust the soil penetration depth. The corrugated telescopic tube 4 extends and retracts synchronously to ensure smooth seed delivery. After adjustment, the tractor is started and the mounting base 1 is moved. The rotating wheel 2 moves the mechanism on the land. The seeds in the discharge cylinder 3 fall into the seed furrow opened by the soil-breaking shovel 6 through the corrugated telescopic tube 4 and the sowing tube 5, completing the sowing. This design solves the defects of the fixed spacing of traditional mechanisms through the structure of "synchronous horizontal adjustment + synchronous depth adjustment", adapts to the diverse planting needs of small plots, and improves sowing efficiency and flexibility.

[0021] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A lightweight seeding depth adjustment mechanism suitable for small plots, comprising a mounting base (1), a plurality of rotating wheels (2) rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting base (1), a plurality of storage bins (3) fixedly mounted on the top surface, a seeding pipe (5) being installed at the bottom end of the storage bins (3) via a corrugated telescopic tube (4), and a soil-breaking shovel (6) being installed at the bottom end of the seeding pipe (5), characterized in that, It also includes a horizontal adjustment mechanism and a depth adjustment mechanism; The horizontal adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the spacing between adjacent seeding tubes (5), including a mounting plate (7), a support plate (8) and a drive unit. Multiple mounting plates (7) and support plates (8) are provided. Multiple mounting plates (7) are installed in the mounting base (1). The middle mounting plate (7) is fixedly set, and the remaining mounting plates (7) are slidably set on the inner side wall of the mounting base (1) through slide rails. The support plate (8) has an L-shaped structure. Multiple support plates (8) are connected one-to-one with multiple mounting plates (7) through connecting plates (9). The side wall of the mounting base (1) is provided with side holes (10) for the connecting plates (9) to slide. The drive unit is used to provide power for multiple mounting plates (7) to move synchronously toward or away from the middle mounting plate (7). The depth adjustment mechanism includes a housing (11) fixedly mounted on a support plate (8), a worm gear (12) rotatably mounted inside the housing (11), a worm (13) meshing with the worm gear (12), and a first threaded sleeve (14) coaxially fixedly mounted inside the worm gear (12). The seeding tube (5) passes through the first threaded sleeve (14), and the outer wall of the seeding tube (5) is provided with an external thread (15) that is compatible with the first threaded sleeve (14). A round hole (16) for the seeding tube (5) to pass through is also provided on the cross plate of the support plate (8).

2. The lightweight seeding depth adjustment mechanism for small plots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the circular hole (16) is fixedly provided with a limiting protrusion, and the outer wall of the seeding tube (5) is also provided with a sliding groove (17) that is adapted to slide with the limiting protrusion.

3. The lightweight seeding depth adjustment mechanism for small plots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit includes a scissor-type telescopic frame (18), a screw (20), and a second threaded sleeve (21). The scissor-type telescopic frame (18) is installed in the mounting base (1), and a round rod (19) is rotatably installed at multiple nodes of the scissor-type telescopic frame (18). The multiple round rods (19) are fixedly installed on the mounting plate (7) one by one. The second threaded sleeve (21) is fixedly installed on the side of one of the mounting plates (7). The screw (20) is rotatably installed on the side wall of the mounting base (1), and one end of the screw (20) is threaded into the second threaded sleeve (21), and the other end is equipped with a knob (22).

4. The lightweight seeding depth adjustment mechanism for small plots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base (1) is also fixedly provided with a protective cover (23) on its side. Multiple support plates (8) are movably installed inside the protective cover (23). The upper and lower surfaces of the protective cover (23) are symmetrically provided with straight slot holes (24) for the seeding tube (5) to slide.

5. The lightweight seeding depth adjustment mechanism for small plots according to claim 4, characterized in that, The worm (13) is a hollow structure. A drive shaft (25) is rotatably installed inside the protective cover (23). A handwheel (27) is installed at one end of the drive shaft (25) that extends outside the protective cover (23). The drive shaft (25) passes through multiple worms (13). Multiple key bars (26) are also fixedly arranged in an array on the outer wall of the drive shaft (25). A keyway that slides and adapts to the key bars (26) is opened on the inner wall of the worm (13).

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