Strip planting and seeding machine for hilly and mountainous areas

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of hilly and mountainous area zonal composite planting seeding machines, belong to hilly and mountainous area adaptability agricultural machinery field, to solve the volume of existing seeder, single function, cannot be adapted to the characteristics of hilly and mountainous area field block small, steep, and difficult to meet the zonal composite planting plant spacing demand Problem. The seeder includes power component, operation frame and seeder: power component uses lithium battery power supply, cooperate controller assembly, wheel hub motor and lever principle design power frame, realize portable control;Operation frame is equipped with adjustable row spacing independent chuck assembly, guarantee the matching of different seeder and row spacing adjustment requirement;Seeding machine integrates roller seed metering and spoon seed metering two ways, plant spacing and seeding depth adjustable, can realize "bean, grain, oil" one machine multi-purpose. The utility model is small in size, light in weight, flexible in operation, can reduce equipment investment, save labor, improve seeding efficiency, effectively solve the problem of hilly and mountainous area mechanized seeding difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of adaptive agricultural machinery technology for hilly and mountainous areas, specifically to a strip-type composite planting seeder for hilly and mountainous areas. Background Technology

[0002] my country has a complex topography with a large proportion of hilly and mountainous areas. Agricultural production in these areas faces significant challenges: small field sizes, steep slopes, and a severely aging farming workforce. The core demand for agricultural machinery is focused on "small size, light weight, easy mobility, and diverse functions." However, existing technologies struggle to meet these requirements, resulting in a significant shortcoming in mechanized sowing in hilly and mountainous areas. The contradiction between size and adaptability: Mainstream power seeders on the market are large and heavy, and are only suitable for large areas of plains. They are difficult to move and operate in small fields in hilly and mountainous areas, and may even be unable to enter the fields. Similar adaptability problems exist for small fields in plains. The demand for strip intercropping cannot be met: most existing small seeders are designed for single rows, which cannot accurately control the plant spacing and density required for strip intercropping, making it difficult to increase crop yield; Limited functionality: In hilly and mountainous areas, crops are diverse and the industry is not highly concentrated. Existing small seeders can only be used for 1-2 crops, which cannot meet the planting needs of multiple crops such as corn, soybeans, and rapeseed. Farmers need to purchase multiple machines, which increases costs.

[0003] To resolve the aforementioned contradictions, achieve "machinery replacing human labor," improve sowing efficiency in hilly and mountainous areas, and save labor, this utility model proposes a strip composite planting seeder with stronger adaptability and more comprehensive functions. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a strip-type composite planting seeder for hilly and mountainous areas.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A strip-planting intercropping seeder for hilly and mountainous areas is achieved through a three-in-one design of "power unit - working frame - seeder", as detailed below: Power components The powertrain components include lithium batteries, controller assemblies, in-wheel motors, and a powerframe. The lithium battery provides power to the entire machine, with a capacity suitable for the single-operation time in hilly and mountainous areas, and is easy to disassemble and charge. The controller assembly integrates speed adjustment, forward / reverse control, and cruise control functions, and is ergonomically operated via a handle, making it suitable for elderly farmers. Hub motors directly drive the wheels, reducing power transmission loss and improving driving efficiency; The power frame is designed using the lever principle, and the force fulcrum is optimized by combining the weight of the seeder itself, which reduces the overall operating force and ensures comfort and flexibility in operation on sloping plots, while reducing the overall size and weight of the machine.

[0006] work frame The working frame is an integrated structure of "power transmission + parallel double-row seeder head support": The core feature is an adjustable row spacing independent clamping head assembly. The clamping head can be flexibly adjusted according to the installation size of different seeders, which can not only ensure the compatibility of seeders for different crops such as corn, soybeans, and rapeseed, but also adjust the row spacing as needed to meet the requirements of strip intercropping for plant spacing and power versatility. The frame is made of lightweight, high-strength alloy, which reduces weight while ensuring structural strength and makes it easy to move.

[0007] Seeder The seeder features a "dual-row seeding system integration + multi-parameter adjustable" design, integrating two seeding structures within a single head, sharing a common outer shell and seeding nozzle, achieving "two machines in one": Roller seed metering mechanism: Suitable for precision seeding of corn and soybean strip intercropping, with automatic reseeding function, single seed missed rate ≤0.05%, seed metering start and stop are controlled by independent valve, and plant spacing is precisely adjusted: such as 14, 28, 42 cm; equipped with replaceable seed wheels, one, two or three seeds can be sown per hole, leaving room for expansion of "soybean hole reduction and plant increase" technology; Spoon-type seed metering mechanism: Suitable for small seeds such as rapeseed. By changing different sizes of seed spoons, the number of seeds and plant spacing can be controlled, significantly reducing the breakage rate of small seeds, with a breakage rate of ≤3%; Sowing depth adjustment: The sowing nozzle height adjustment component allows for three depth settings of 3, 5, and 7 cm to meet the sowing depth requirements of different crops such as corn, soybeans, and rapeseed.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The seeder shown in this utility model is small in size and light in weight, and is flexible in operation. It can move freely in small fields and sloping plots in hilly and mountainous areas. It can also sow multiple crops such as corn, soybeans, and rapeseed, making it a multi-purpose machine and reducing the cost of repeated machine purchases for farmers. Parallel double-row sowing, combined with constant speed cruise function, increases sowing efficiency by more than 1 times compared to traditional single-row seeders, saving labor costs. The plant spacing, row spacing, and depth are adjustable, making it suitable for strip intercropping patterns, helping to achieve "no reduction in corn yield and an additional harvest of soybeans", thus improving the overall yield of the plot.

[0009] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hilly and mountainous strip composite planting seeder in this embodiment of the present invention; The markings in the diagram are: 1-Lithium battery, 2-Controller assembly, 3-Handle, 4-Power frame, 5-Walking wheel, 6-Working frame, 7-Seeder, 8-Nose, 9-Seed box, 10-Roller seed metering mechanism, 11-Spoon seed metering mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0013] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0014] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0015] The following combination Figure 1 The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below: (a) Component assembly Power component assembly: The lithium battery 1 (such as a 24V / 20Ah lithium battery) is fixed to the rear end of the power frame 4, the controller assembly 2 is installed at the handle 3, and the hub motor is integrated into the axle end inside the walking wheel 5. The lithium battery 1, the controller assembly 2 and the hub motor are connected by wires to ensure stable power transmission. The force support point of the power frame is set at the connection between the walking wheel 5 and the working frame 6. The weight of the seeder is balanced by levers, so that the operating force is reduced to less than 10N.

[0016] Work frame assembly: The adjustable row spacing independent clamp assembly, with an adjustment range of 30-100cm, is fixed in the middle of the work frame 6. The front end of the work frame 6 is detachably connected to the seeder 7 by bolts; the rear end is connected to the power frame 4 by clamps to ensure smooth power transmission, while allowing the frame to rotate slightly on uneven slopes, improving adaptability to the ground.

[0017] Seeder Assembly: Inside the seeder 7 housing, a roller seed metering mechanism 10 with a seed wheel diameter of 8.5cm is installed on the left side, and a spoon-type seed metering mechanism 11 with a seed spoon capacity of 0.5-1mL is installed on the right side. The seed nozzle 8 is installed at the bottom of the housing. A plant spacing adjustment component, such as a bolted adjustment rod, connects the seed metering roller to the seed nozzle 8. Rotating the adjustment rod changes the on / off state of the plant spacing, allowing for switching between 14, 28, and 42 cm plant spacing. Different depth limiting plates are installed on the seeder 7 housing to allow for switching between 3, 5, and 7 cm depths.

[0018] (II) Work Flow Preliminary preparation: Select the seed metering mechanism according to the crop being planted. For corn / soybeans, select roller seed metering mechanism 10, and for rapeseed, select spoon seed metering mechanism 11. Replace the corresponding seed wheel / seed spoon and adjust the adjustable row spacing head to the target row spacing, such as 40cm for corn-soybean strip intercropping. Set the sowing depth through the depth adjustment component, such as 5cm for corn and 3cm for soybeans. Start-up and operation: After fully charging the lithium battery, install it, turn on the controller assembly switch, control the forward / backward direction with the handle, adjust the speed to 2-3km / h to adapt to the sowing efficiency, and turn on the cruise control function to reduce the intensity of handle operation. Sowing operation: When the machine moves forward, the hub motor drives the walking wheels 5 to move, and the power frame 4 transmits the thrust to the working frame 6 through the chuck. The working frame 6 drives the seeder 7 to move synchronously. The left roller seed metering mechanism 10 guides the seeds into the seeding nozzle 8 through the rotation of the seed wheel. The seed wheel controls the number of seeds per hole. The right spoon-type seed metering mechanism 11 scoops up the seeds and accurately meters them. The seeds fall into the soil through the seeding nozzle 8, completing the sowing. Job switching: The left side is the soybean and corn seed box 9, and the right side is the rapeseed seed box 9. If you need to change the crop to be planted, such as switching from corn to rapeseed, turn off the power of the whole machine, empty the corn seed through the seed discharge hole on the left side, put the rapeseed seeds into the seed box 9 on the right side, and the machine will automatically switch. Adjust the depth to the required 3 cm for rapeseed, and you can continue to work after reinstalling.

[0019] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0020] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A strip intercropping seeder for hilly and mountainous areas, characterized in that, The device includes a power unit, a working frame, a handle, wheels, a seed nozzle, a seed box, and a seeder. The power unit comprises a lithium battery, a controller assembly, a hub motor, and a power frame. The lithium battery is fixed to the rear end of the power frame, the controller assembly is mounted on the handle, and the hub motor is integrated into the axle of each wheel, which is connected to the lithium battery, the controller assembly, and the hub motor via wires. The fulcrum of the power frame is located at the connection between the wheels and the working frame. The front end of the working frame is detachably connected to the seeder via bolts, and the rear end is connected to the power frame via a clamp. The seed nozzles are evenly distributed on the seeder's outer shell.

2. The hilly and mountainous strip intercropping seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working frame is a structural device that can transmit power and support parallel double-row seeding heads; the working frame is equipped with an adjustable row spacing independent clamping head assembly.

3. The hilly and mountainous strip intercropping seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seeder integrates two seed metering mechanisms within a single head, sharing a common outer shell and seed nozzle; the plant spacing of the seeder is adjustable to 14 cm, 28 cm, and 42 cm, and the seeding depth is adjustable to 3 cm, 5 cm, and 7 cm; the first seed metering mechanism is a roller seed metering mechanism equipped with a replaceable seed wheel, and the second seed metering mechanism is a spoon-type seed metering mechanism.

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