Automatic seedling taking and delivering device

Abstract

An automatic seedling loading and unloading device comprises a fixed frame mounted on a support frame; multiple seedling loading frames are arranged sequentially and spaced apart from top to bottom in a vertical installation space, with each loading frame tilted to the left and higher than the right and fixedly connected to the fixed frame, and each loading frame has a flip-up door mechanism baffle at its left end; a seedling transition mechanism is located on the left side of the loading mechanism; two vertical beams of the vertical frame have a pair of vertical grooves on opposite sides; two connecting arms of the lifting frame are slidably connected to the two vertical beams via two horizontal pins inserted into the pair of vertical grooves; a transition seedling receiving frame is located inside the lifting frame and has a set swing angle, and its left end has a flip-up door mechanism baffle; two vertical drive mechanisms are mounted on the two vertical beams and connected to the two connecting arms respectively, for driving the vertical displacement of the lifting frame; a mechanical push rod is fixedly located at the bottom right side of the transition seedling receiving frame. This device can be used in conjunction with a rice transplanter to complete automated seedling loading operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of intelligent agricultural machinery technology, specifically an automatic seedling picking and delivering device. Background Technology

[0002] Rice is a crucial staple crop in my country, with a planting area exceeding 400 million mu (approximately 66.7 million hectares). Machine transplanting is the primary planting method. Currently, unmanned driving technology for rice transplanters is relatively mature, achieving straight-line driving and row alignment accuracy of ±2.5cm, which basically meets operational needs. However, the seedling loading process still requires manual labor. This process presents significant problems in terms of labor intensity, labor costs, and operational efficiency, specifically: From a labor intensity perspective, seedling loading workers must maintain a bent-over posture for extended periods, precisely performing seedling placement and positioning operations. The average daily high-intensity work time exceeds 8 hours, easily leading to occupational injuries such as lumbar muscle strain. Furthermore, there is a significant shortage of skilled workers during the busy farming season, and their instability makes it difficult to guarantee continuous operation. From a labor cost perspective, the demand for professional seedling loading workers surges during the busy farming season, causing market prices to rise sharply. The labor cost per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares) accounts for over 40% of the total labor cost, significantly increasing project operating costs and severely squeezing profit margins. From an operational efficiency perspective, manual rice seedling loading requires transporting large numbers of seedlings one by one onto the rice transplanter in a "rolled" manner. This results in an actual transplanting efficiency that is more than 30% lower than the theoretical efficiency, not only delaying the planting season but also further increasing the operating cost per unit area. To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, there is an urgent need for an automatic seedling loading and unloading device to effectively improve rice planting efficiency while simultaneously reducing the labor load on operators. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides an automatic seedling feeding device. This device can automatically complete the seedling feeding operation of multi-layer seedling racks and feed the seedlings into the seedling box of the rice transplanter. It can automatically complete the seedling feeding operation and can work with the rice transplanter to complete the automated seedling loading operation. It can also work with the rice transplanter to complete the efficient seedling replenishment operation, which is conducive to improving the planting efficiency of rice.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an automatic seedling loading and unloading device, including a seedling loading mechanism and a seedling transition mechanism; The seedling loading mechanism includes a support frame, a fixed frame, and a seedling loading frame. The fixed frame is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support frame, forming a vertical installation space inside. The seedling loading frame includes a frame support body, a door mechanism baffle, a door mechanism switch, and a hooking spring. The left and right ends of the frame support body are open, and two hooking points A1 are arranged opposite each other on the left side of its front and rear ends. The door mechanism baffle is rotatably connected to the left end of the frame support body through a rotating shaft, and two hooking points A2 are arranged opposite each other on the top of its two ends. Two door mechanism switches are fixedly connected opposite each other to the outer sides of the two ends of the door mechanism baffle. Two hooking springs are respectively connected to the two hooking points A1 and the two hooking points A2. Multiple seedling loading frames are distributed in the vertical installation space from top to bottom at intervals, and each seedling loading frame is fixedly connected to the fixed frame with the left side lower and the right side higher. The seedling transition mechanism is located on the left side of the seedling loading mechanism; the seedling transition mechanism includes a vertical frame, a support frame, a transition seedling receiving frame, an electric push rod, a vertical drive mechanism, a mechanical push rod, and a gate mechanism stop wheel; the vertical frame includes two vertical beams; the two vertical beams have a pair of vertical sliding grooves on opposite sides; the support frame includes two connecting arms and two horizontal pins, the two connecting arms are distributed front and rear opposite each other, and their lower ends are bent at 90 degrees towards each other to form a support bottom, and the two horizontal pins are fixedly connected to the two... The outer end of the connecting arm; the support frame is set between two upright beams, and the two connecting arms are slidably connected to the two upright beams by two horizontal pins respectively inserted into a pair of vertical grooves; the transition seedling frame includes a frame support body two, a door mechanism baffle two, a door mechanism switch two, and a hanging spring two; the left and right ends of the frame support body two are open structures, and the left side of its front and rear ends is provided with two hanging points B one; the door mechanism baffle two is rotatably connected to the left end of the frame support body two through a rotating shaft two, and the tops of its two ends are opposite to each other. Two hook points B2 are provided; two door mechanism switches 2 are fixedly connected to the outer sides of both ends of the door mechanism baffle 2; two hook springs 2 are respectively connected to two hook points B1 and two hook points B2; the transition seedling frame is set inside the support frame, and the middle of the front and rear ends of the frame support body 2 is rotatably connected to the two connecting arms through two rotating shafts. At the same time, the frame support body 2 has a set swing angle inside the support frame. Under normal conditions, the transition seedling frame is tilted with the left lower and the right higher; two electric push rods are set horizontally, and their fixed seats are respectively installed on the two connecting arms. Their telescopic rods are used to push the door mechanism switch 1; two vertical drive mechanisms are respectively installed on two vertical beams and are respectively connected to the two connecting arms to synchronously drive the two connecting arms to drive the transition seedling frame to reciprocate vertically; the mechanical push rod is set vertically at the lower part of the two vertical beams, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the two vertical beams through a connecting bracket. Its upper end is equipped with a guide wheel; two door mechanism stop wheels are fixedly connected to the lower part of the left edge of the two vertical beams through two mounting brackets.

[0005] Furthermore, in order to efficiently and accurately change the vertical displacement of the lifting frame, the vertical drive mechanism includes a drive motor, bearing housings, a lead screw, and a lead screw nut; the drive motor is fixedly installed at the lower end of the right edge of the upright beam; the two bearing housings are respectively fixedly installed at the top and bottom of the right edge of the upright beam; the two ends of the lead screw in the length direction are respectively connected to two bearings in the two bearing housings, and the lower end of the lead screw is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor; the lead screw nut is threaded onto the outside of the lead screw and is fixedly connected to the connecting arm.

[0006] Furthermore, to facilitate fully automated control, it also includes position sensing switches, contact switches, and controllers; Multiple position sensor switches are distributed and fixedly installed on the upright beam, each corresponding to a different rice seedling rack. The contact switch is fixedly installed on the right side of the bottom of the frame support body two, and above the guide wheel; The controller is connected to the position sensing switch, the contact switch, the electric push rod, and the drive motor, respectively.

[0007] By installing multiple position sensors on the upright beam corresponding to the various seedling loading frames, it is easy to detect whether the transition seedling receiving frame has moved to the set height level. When the frame is in position, it sends a position signal A to the controller. Upon receiving signal A, the controller simultaneously stops the two vertical drive mechanisms, keeping the transition seedling receiving frame at the set height level for seedling receiving. A contact switch installed on the right side of the bottom of the frame support allows for direct contact to detect whether the set waiting position has been reached. When the contact switch is triggered by the mechanical lever, it sends a position signal B to the controller, which then simultaneously stops the two vertical drive mechanisms. This keeps the lifting frame and transition seedling receiving frame at the height ready for seedling delivery, waiting for the seedling shortage detection switch on the transplanter to send a seedling shortage signal. Seedling delivery can then proceed only after the seedling box is found to be low on seedlings. The controller's settings allow for autonomous seedling receiving and delivery through pre-defined control logic, enabling unmanned rice transplanters to perform autonomous seedling loading operations.

[0008] Furthermore, in order to enable the support frame to have height adjustment capability so as to better adapt to different models of rice transplanters, the support frame includes a bottom support base and a nested telescopic bracket, the nested telescopic bracket being fixedly installed on the bottom support base.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the vertical frame further includes bottom longitudinal beams and top transverse beams; the two bottom longitudinal beams are respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two vertical beams; the top transverse beam is fixedly connected between the upper ends of the two vertical beams.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to effectively reduce the resistance during the seedling sliding process and to achieve rapid seedling receiving and discharging operations, the frame support body 1 includes a support frame 1, a seedling separating plate 1, and a rolling wheel 1; multiple seedling separating plates 1 are evenly installed on the support frame 1 along the length direction, and the upper space of the support frame 1 is isolated into multiple seedling carrying spaces 1; multiple sets of rolling wheels 1 are correspondingly distributed in multiple seedling carrying spaces 1, and are fixedly connected to the support frame 1 through multiple wheel brackets 1.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to effectively reduce the resistance during the seedling sliding process and to achieve rapid seedling receiving and discharging operations, the frame support body 2 includes a support frame 2, a seedling separating plate 2, and a rolling wheel 2; multiple seedling separating plates 2 are evenly installed on the support frame 2 along the length direction, and the upper space of the support frame 2 is isolated into multiple seedling carrying spaces 2; multiple sets of rolling wheels 2 are correspondingly distributed in multiple seedling carrying spaces 2, and are fixedly connected to the support frame 2 through multiple wheel brackets 2.

[0012] In this invention, a support frame is provided at the lower part of the fixed frame, which facilitates the fixing of the seedling loading mechanism onto the frame of the rice transplanter. The frame support body is open at both ends, allowing for easy loading of the blanket-shaped seedlings from the right opening and easy seedling removal from the left opening. A door mechanism baffle is rotatably connected to the left end of the frame support body, and two hook springs are connected between two hook points A1 on the frame support body and two hook points A2 on the door mechanism baffle. This allows the pulling force of the two hook springs to act on the door mechanism baffle, keeping it blocking the left opening of the frame support body and preventing seedlings from accidentally sliding out of the left opening when not in the seedling removal period. The seedling loading frame is installed at an angle, lower on the left and higher on the right, within a fixed frame. Simultaneously, the elastic tension of the door mechanism baffle, coupled with the spring-loaded mechanism, allows the loaded, blanket-like seedlings to be stably placed on the loading frame under normal conditions. By pushing the door mechanism switch, the elastic force of the spring is overcome, causing the door mechanism baffle to flip, opening the left end of the loading frame and allowing the blanket-like seedlings to slide out under their own weight. A pair of vertical grooves are provided on opposite sides of the two upright beams. The two connecting arms of the lifting frame are slidably inserted into these vertical grooves via two horizontal pins. Two vertical drive mechanisms are connected to the two connecting arms, allowing the lifting frame to reciprocate vertically using the synchronized action of the two vertical drive mechanisms. The frame support body two has open ends on both sides, facilitating the loading of the blanket-like seedlings from the right opening and the unloading from the left opening. The gate mechanism baffle 2 is rotatably connected to the left end of the frame support 2. Two hooking springs 2 are connected between the two hooking points B1 on the frame support 2 and the two hooking points B2 on the gate mechanism baffle 2. In this way, the tension of the two hooking springs 2 can act on the gate mechanism baffle 2, keeping the gate mechanism baffle 2 blocking the left opening end of the frame support, preventing seedlings from accidentally sliding out of the left opening end when not in the seedling emergence period. The transition seedling receiving frame is rotatably connected to the two connecting arms on the support frame through two rotating shafts, and the transition seedling receiving frame has a set swing angle relative to the support frame. At the same time, a mechanical push rod is set between the lower parts of the two upright beams. In this way, when the bottom right side of the transition seedling receiving frame contacts the guide wheel at the upper end of the mechanical push rod during the downward movement of the transition seedling receiving frame, the transition seedling receiving frame will swing to the left at a set angle under the support of the mechanical push rod, thereby increasing the tilt angle of the transition seedling receiving frame, which is conducive to the rapid seedling emergence process after the gate mechanism baffle 2 is opened.Two gate mechanism stop wheels are installed at the lower part of the two upright beams. They can interact with the gate mechanism switch two. When the lifting frame moves to the maximum downward position, the two gate mechanism stop wheels will push the two gate mechanism switches two to overcome the elastic force of the hook spring two, causing the gate mechanism baffle two to flip and open the left opening end of the frame support body two. This allows the blanket-shaped seedlings in the transition seedling frame to quickly slide into the seedling box of the rice transplanter to complete the seedling delivery operation.

[0013] This device is highly automated, capable of automatically taking seedlings from multi-layered seedling racks and feeding them into the seedling box of the rice transplanter at the appropriate time, thus completing the automated seedling feeding operation. It can work in conjunction with the rice transplanter to complete the automated seedling loading operation and can effectively cooperate with the rice transplanter to complete the efficient replanting operation, which is conducive to improving the planting efficiency of rice and has good economic and social benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the seedling loading frame in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transition rice-grafting frame in this utility model.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Seedling loading mechanism; 2. Seedling transition mechanism; 3. Support frame; 4. Fixed frame; 5. Seedling loading rack; 6. Support frame one; 7. Seedling separating upright plate one; 8. Rolling wheel one; 9. Door mechanism baffle one; 10. Door mechanism switch one; 11. Hanging point A one; 12. Hanging point A two; 13. Hanging tension spring one; 14. Vertical frame; 15. Lifting frame; 16. Transition seedling receiving frame; 17. Upright beam; 18. Vertical chute; 19. Connecting arm; 20. Support frame two; 21. Seedling separating upright plate two; 22. Rolling wheel two; 23. Door mechanism baffle two; 24. Door mechanism switch two. 25. Hanging spring two; 26. Hanging point B one; 27. Hanging point B two; 28. Electric jack; 29. ​​Mechanical jack; 30. Vertical drive mechanism; 31. Connecting bracket; 32. Door mechanism stop wheel; 33. Guide wheel; 34. Drive motor; 35. Bearing seat; 36. Lead screw; 37. Lead screw nut; 38. Bottom support seat; 39. Nested telescopic bracket; 40. Bottom longitudinal beam; 41. Top transverse beam; 42. Contact switch; 43. Frame support body one; 44. Frame support body two; 45. Mounting bracket; 46. Wheel bracket one; 47. Wheel bracket two. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this utility model provides an automatic seedling feeding device, including a seedling loading mechanism 1 and a seedling transition mechanism 2; The seedling loading mechanism 1 includes a support frame 3, a fixed frame 4, and seedling loading frames 5. The fixed frame 4 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support frame 3, and its interior forms a vertical installation space for supporting each seedling loading frame 5. Preferably, the fixed frame 4 can be provided with installation points at different intervals along the height direction to facilitate flexible installation of the seedling loading frames 5. The seedling loading frame 5 includes a frame support body 43, a door mechanism baffle 9, a door mechanism switch 10, and a hooking spring 13. The left and right ends (width direction) of the frame support body 43 are open structures, and the left side of its front and rear ends (length direction) has two hooking points A-11 opposite each other. The door mechanism baffle 9... 9 is rotatably connected to the left end of the frame support 43 via a rotating shaft, with two hook points A12 oppositely arranged at the top of both ends; two door mechanism switches 10 are fixedly connected to the outer sides of both ends of the door mechanism baffle 9, and their length direction extends to the lower left side of the door mechanism baffle 9; two hook springs 13 are respectively connected to two hook points A11 and two hook points A12; wherein, under normal conditions, the two hook springs 13 provide tension to the upper end of the door mechanism baffle 9 through the two hook points A12, so that it remains in a blocking state on the left end of the frame support 43, so as to ensure that the blanket-like seedlings inside will not accidentally slip out; Multiple seedling loading frames 5 are distributed in the vertical installation space from top to bottom at intervals, and each seedling loading frame 5 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 4 with the left side lower and the right side higher. The seedling transition mechanism 2 is located on the left side of the seedling loading mechanism 1. The seedling transition mechanism 2 includes a vertical frame 14, a lifting frame 15, a transition seedling receiving frame 16, an electric top rod 28, a vertical drive mechanism 30, a mechanical top rod 29, and a gate mechanism stop wheel 32. The vertical frame 14 provides support and includes two vertical beams 17. The two vertical beams 17 have a pair of vertical grooves 18 on opposite sides. The lifting frame 15 includes two connecting arms 19 and two horizontal pins. The two connecting arms 19 are distributed in a front-to-back orientation and their lower ends are bent at 90 degrees towards each other to form a support bottom. The two horizontal pins are fixedly connected to the outer ends of the two connecting arms 19. The lifting frame 15 is located between the two vertical beams 17, and the two connecting arms 19 are slidably connected to the two vertical beams 17 by two horizontal pins respectively inserted into the pair of vertical grooves 18. The transition seedling receiving frame 16 includes a frame support body 44. The frame support body 44 has an open structure at both ends, with two hook points B-26 on the left side of its front and rear ends. The door mechanism baffle 23 is rotatably connected to the left end of the frame support body 44 via a rotating shaft 2, and two hook points B-27 are provided on the top of its two ends. The two door mechanism switches 24 are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the two ends of the door mechanism baffle 23, and their length extends to the lower right side of the door mechanism baffle 23. The two hook springs 25 are respectively connected to the two hook points B-26 and the two hook points B-27. Under normal conditions, the two hook springs 25 provide tension to the upper end of the door mechanism baffle 23 through the two hook points B-27, so that it remains in a blocking state on the left end of the frame support body 44, so as to ensure that the blanket-like seedlings inside will not accidentally slip out. The transition rice-receiving frame 16 is located inside the support frame 15, and the middle of the front and rear ends of the frame support body 2 44 is rotatably connected to the two connecting arms 19 via two pivots. Simultaneously, the frame support body 2 44 has a set swing angle within the support frame 15. Under normal conditions, the transition rice-receiving frame 16 is tilted with the left side lower than the right. Specifically, a right limiting block can be installed on the right side of the bottom support of the two connecting arms 19 to limit the right-side flipping of the bottom right side of the frame support body 2 44. At the same time, a frame-supporting block is installed on the left side of the bottom support of the two connecting arms 19. The left limiting block at the bottom left of the frame support body 2 44 is left-side flipped and limited. The height of the left limiting block is lower than that of the right limiting block. At the same time, two tension springs are connected between the right ends of the front and rear ends of the frame support body 2 44 and the bottom of the two connecting arms 19. In this way, the frame support body 2 44 can swing relative to the lifting frame 15 only within a certain angle range. Under normal conditions, the bottom right side of the frame support body 2 44 is in contact with the right limiting block, thereby allowing the transition seedling frame 16 to maintain a tilt state with the left side lower than the right side under normal conditions.

[0018] Two electric push rods 28 are horizontally arranged, with their fixed seats installed on the two connecting arms 19 respectively. Their telescopic rods are used to push the door mechanism switch 10. Two vertical drive mechanisms 30 are installed on the two upright beams 17 respectively and connected to the two connecting arms 19 respectively. They are used to synchronously drive the two connecting arms 19 to drive the transition seedling frame 16 to move back and forth vertically. The mechanical push rod 29 is vertically arranged below the bottom right side of the transition seedling frame 16, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the two upright beams 17 through the connecting bracket 31. Its upper end is equipped with a guide wheel 33. During the contact between the guide wheel 33 of the mechanical push rod 29 and the transition seedling frame 16, there is a supporting effect on the bottom right side of the transition seedling frame 16, which is normally tilted from left to right and then flips to the left until the maximum flipping angle of the transition seedling frame 16 is reached and then stops. Two door mechanism stop wheels 32 are fixedly connected to the lower part of the left end of two vertical beams 17 by two mounting brackets 45, respectively cooperating with two door mechanism switches 24; The vertical drive mechanism 30 includes a drive motor 34, bearing seats 35, a lead screw 36, and a lead screw nut 37. The drive motor 34 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the right edge of the upright beam 17. The two bearing seats 35 are respectively fixedly installed at the top and bottom of the right edge of the upright beam 17. The two ends of the lead screw 36 in the length direction are respectively connected to two bearings in the two bearing seats 35, and the lower end of the lead screw 36 is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 34. The lead screw nut 37 is threaded onto the outside of the lead screw 36 and is fixedly connected to the connecting arm 19. Preferably, the drive motor 34 is a servo motor.

[0019] To facilitate fully automated control, it also includes a position sensing switch, a contact switch 42, and a controller; Multiple position sensing switches are distributed corresponding to multiple seedling racks 5 and are fixedly installed on the upright beam 17. The position sensing switches are used to cooperate with the transition seedling rack 16. When the transition seedling rack 16 is detected to have reached the designated position in the height direction, the position sensing switch sends a position signal A to the controller. After receiving the position signal A, the controller first synchronously controls the two drive motors 34 to stop, and then synchronously controls the telescopic rods of the two electric push rods 28 to extend to a set length. The two extended electric push rods 28 push the two door mechanism switches 10 to overcome the elastic force of the two hanging springs 13, causing the door mechanism baffle 9 to flip and open the left opening end of the frame support body 43. In this way, the blanket-shaped seedlings located in the frame support body 43 can slide down into the transition seedling rack 16 under the action of gravity.

[0020] The contact switch 42 is fixedly installed on the right side of the bottom of the frame support body 44, and above the guide wheel 33; The controller is connected to the position sensor switch, the contact switch 42, the electric push rod 28, and the drive motor 34, respectively. Preferably, the controller can be a PLC controller.

[0021] By installing multiple position sensors on the upright beam corresponding to the various seedling loading frames, it is easy to detect whether the transition seedling receiving frame has moved to the set height level. When the frame is in position, it sends a position signal A to the controller. Upon receiving signal A, the controller simultaneously stops the two vertical drive mechanisms, keeping the transition seedling receiving frame at the set height level for seedling receiving. A contact switch installed on the right side of the bottom of the frame support allows for direct contact to detect whether the set waiting position has been reached. When the contact switch is triggered by the mechanical lever, it sends a position signal B to the controller, which then simultaneously stops the two vertical drive mechanisms. This keeps the lifting frame and transition seedling receiving frame at the height ready for seedling delivery, waiting for the seedling shortage detection switch on the transplanter to send a seedling shortage signal. Seedling delivery can then proceed only after the seedling box is found to be low on seedlings. The controller's settings allow for autonomous seedling receiving and delivery through pre-defined control logic, enabling unmanned rice transplanters to perform autonomous seedling loading operations.

[0022] The support frame 3 includes a bottom support base 38 and a nested telescopic bracket 39, the nested telescopic bracket 39 being fixedly installed on the bottom support base 38. The nested telescopic bracket 39 can be flexibly adjusted in height to accommodate the differences in vertical dimensions of different models of rice transplanters.

[0023] The vertical frame 14 further includes bottom longitudinal beams 40 and top transverse beams 41; the two bottom longitudinal beams 40 are respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two vertical beams 17; the top transverse beam 41 is fixedly connected between the upper ends of the two vertical beams 17. Preferably, the distance between the front and rear ends of the vertical frame 14 is greater than the distance between the front and rear ends of the fixed frame 4; The frame support body 43 includes a support frame 6, seedling partition plates 7, and rolling wheels 8. Multiple seedling partition plates 7 are evenly installed on the support frame 6 along its length, and the upper space of the support frame 6 is isolated into multiple seedling carrying spaces. The seedling partition plates 7 are used to limit the lateral displacement of the blanket-shaped seedlings in different seedling carrying spaces. Preferably, the number of seedling carrying spaces is 6 or 8 to adapt to the rice transplanter. Multiple sets of rolling wheels 8 are distributed in the multiple seedling carrying spaces and are fixedly connected to the support frame 6 through multiple wheel brackets 46. Preferably, the number of rolling wheels 8 is 3 sets. The axis of the rolling wheels 8 is connected to the rotating shaft on the wheel bracket 46 through a bearing to effectively reduce the resistance during the transfer process. Among them, the seedling carrying space is used to carry the blanket-shaped seedlings, and the rolling wheel 8 can effectively reduce the friction during the sliding process of the blanket-shaped seedlings. In this way, after the door mechanism baffle 9 is opened, it can ensure that the blanket-shaped seedlings can slide down quickly under the action of gravity.

[0024] The frame support body 24 includes a support frame 20, a seedling separating plate 21, and rolling wheels 22. Multiple seedling separating plates 21 are evenly installed on the support frame 20 along its length, and the upper space of the support frame 20 is isolated into multiple seedling carrying spaces 2. The seedling separating plates 21 are used to limit the lateral displacement of the blanket-shaped seedlings in different seedling carrying spaces 2. Preferably, the number of seedling carrying spaces 2 is 6 or 8 to adapt to the rice transplanter. Multiple sets of rolling wheels 22 are correspondingly distributed in multiple seedling carrying spaces 2 and are fixedly connected to the support frame 20 through multiple wheel brackets 27. Preferably, the number of rolling wheels 22 is 3 sets. The axis of the rolling wheels 22 is connected to the rotating shaft on the wheel bracket 22 through a bearing to effectively reduce the resistance during the transfer process. Among them, the seedling carrying space 2 is used to carry the blanket-shaped seedlings, and the rolling wheel 22 can effectively reduce the friction during the sliding process of the blanket-shaped seedlings. In this way, after the door mechanism baffle 22 is opened, it can ensure that the blanket-shaped seedlings can slide down quickly under the action of gravity.

[0025] Working principle: This automatic seedling feeding device is used in conjunction with a high-speed rice transplanter. The seedling transition mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the rice transplanter frame via two bottom longitudinal beams 40. The seedling loading mechanism 1 is fixedly installed on the rice transplanter frame via a bottom support 38, and multiple seedling carrying spaces on each seedling loading frame 5 are respectively loaded with multiple blanket-shaped seedlings. At the same time, the controller is connected to the seedling shortage detection switch and the pull-wire displacement sensor installed on the seedling box of the rice transplanter, and is used to receive the seedling shortage signal sent by the seedling shortage detection switch and the alignment signal sent by the pull-wire displacement sensor. The two drive motors 34 are started synchronously and drive the two lead screws 36 to rotate in the forward direction. This drives the two lead screw nuts 37 to move the lifting frame 15 and the transition seedling frame 16 upward. When the position sensor switch of the corresponding highest layer seedling frame 5 detects the position of the transition seedling frame 16, it sends a position signal A to the controller. After receiving the position signal A, the controller first synchronously controls the two drive motors 34 to stop, and then synchronously controls the telescopic rods of the two electric push rods 28 to fully extend. The extension time A is then set. The two extended electric push rods 28 push the two door mechanism switches 10 on the seedling frame 5. Under the pushing action of the electric push rods 28, the door mechanism switches 10 overcome the elastic force of the hanging spring 13 and drive the door mechanism baffle 9 to flip, opening the left opening end of the frame support body 43. In this way, multiple blanket-shaped seedlings located in the frame support body 43 will slide down under the action of gravity and slide into the multiple seedling carrying space 2 in the transition seedling frame 16 through the right end of the frame support body 44. After time A is set, the controller synchronously controls the two electric push rods 28 to fully retract. Under the elastic force of the two connecting springs 13, the door mechanism baffle 9 returns to the blocked closed state. After the electric push rods 28 are fully retracted, the controller synchronously controls the two drive motors 34 to start working, driving the two lead screws 36 to rotate in the opposite direction, which in turn drives the two lead screw nuts 37 to move the lifting frame 15 and the transition seedling receiving frame 16 downward. When the mechanical push rod 29 touches the contact switch 42, the contact switch 42 sends a positioning signal B to the controller. The controller synchronously controls the two drive motors 34 to stop, waiting for the transplanter's seedling shortage detection switch to issue a "short seedling" signal. When there are less than 1 / 3 seedlings on the seedling box, the seedling shortage detection switch will issue a seedling shortage signal. At the same time, the pull-wire displacement sensor monitors the position of the seedling box in a left-right reciprocating motion in real time. Based on the position and motion speed parameters, it determines the timing for the transition seedling receiving frame 16 to deliver seedlings to the transplanter's seedling box.Before the seedling shortage detection switch issues a seedling shortage signal, the transition seedling receiving frame 16 has already stopped at the position where it just touches the mechanical top rod 29. Once a seedling shortage signal is issued, and the seedling box is detected to have reached a certain set position (this set position is adjusted according to the operating speed of the seedling box; the general logic is: when the reciprocating speed of the seedling box is faster, the distance between the set position and the transition seedling receiving frame 16 is larger, and vice versa), the controller synchronously controls the two drive motors 34 to start the working set time at a faster speed, and drives the two lead screws 36 to rotate in opposite directions, thereby driving the two lead screw nuts 37 to drive the lifting frame 15 and the transition seedling receiving frame 16 to continue moving downwards until... When the machine reaches its lowest position, the guide wheel 33 at the upper end of the mechanical top rod 29 supports the right side of the bottom of the transition seedling frame 16, causing the downward-moving transition seedling frame 16 to flip to the left simultaneously. After the two door mechanism switches 24 touch the two door mechanism stop wheels 32, they are blocked by the two door mechanism stop wheels 32. The door mechanism switches 24 overcome the elastic force of the hook spring 25 and drive the door mechanism baffle 23 to flip, quickly opening the left opening end of the frame support body 244. In this way, multiple blanket-shaped seedlings located in the frame support body 244 will slide down into the seedling box of the rice transplanter under the action of gravity, completing the autonomous seedling loading process.

[0026] After using the transition seedling receiving frame 16 to complete the seedling taking and delivery of the seedlings from the top seedling loading frame 5 to the seedling box of the rice transplanter, the above process is repeated to perform the seedling taking and delivery of the next upper seedling loading frame 5. By adopting the method of taking and delivering seedlings layer by layer from top to bottom, the instability of the rice transplanter due to its high center of gravity can be prevented.

Claims

1. An automatic seedling feeding device, comprising a seedling loading mechanism (1), characterized in that, It also includes a seedling transition mechanism (2); The seedling loading mechanism (1) includes a support frame (3), a fixed frame (4), and a seedling loading frame (5); the fixed frame (4) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support frame (3), forming a vertical installation space inside; the seedling loading frame (5) includes a frame support body (43), a door mechanism baffle (9), a door mechanism switch (10), and a hanging spring (13); the left and right ends of the frame support body (43) are open structures, and two hanging points A (11) are arranged opposite each other on the left side of its front and rear ends; the door mechanism baffle (9) passes through A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the left end of a frame support (43), and two hook points A2 (12) are provided opposite to each other at the top of its two ends; two door mechanism switches (10) are fixedly connected opposite to each other to the outside of the two ends of the door mechanism baffle (9); two hook springs (13) are respectively connected to two hook points A1 (11) and two hook points A2 (12); multiple seedling racks (5) are distributed in the vertical installation space from top to bottom, and each seedling rack (5) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (4) with the left side lower and the right side higher. The seedling transition mechanism (2) is located on the left side of the seedling loading mechanism (1); the seedling transition mechanism (2) includes a vertical frame (14), a lifting frame (15), a transition seedling receiving frame (16), an electric top rod (28), a vertical drive mechanism (30), a mechanical top rod (29), and a gate mechanism stop wheel (32); the vertical frame (14) includes two vertical beams (17); the two vertical beams (17) have a pair of vertical grooves (18) on opposite sides; the lifting frame (15) includes two connecting arms (19) and two horizontal pins, the two connecting arms (19) are distributed in opposite directions, and their lower ends are bent at 90 degrees toward each other to form a support bottom, and the two horizontal pins are fixedly connected relative to each other. At the outer ends of the two connecting arms (19); the lifting frame (15) is set between the two upright beams (17), and the two connecting arms (19) are slidably connected to the two upright beams (17) by two horizontal pins respectively inserted into a pair of vertical grooves (18); the transition seedling frame (16) includes a frame support body two (44), a door mechanism baffle two (23), a door mechanism switch two (24) and a hanging spring two (25); the left and right ends of the frame support body two (44) are open structures, and two hanging points B- (26) are set opposite to each other on the left side of its front and rear ends; the door mechanism baffle two (23) is rotatably connected to the left end of the frame support body two (44) through a rotating shaft two, and the tops of its two ends are opposite to each other. Two hook points B2 (27) are provided; two door mechanism switches B2 (24) are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the two ends of the door mechanism baffle B2 (23); two hook springs B2 (25) are respectively connected to two hook points B1 (26) and two hook points B2 (27); the transition seedling frame (16) is set inside the support frame (15), and the middle of the front and rear ends of the frame support body B2 (44) is rotatably connected to the two connecting arms (19) through two rotating shafts. At the same time, the frame support body B2 (44) has a set swing angle in the support frame (15). Under normal conditions, the transition seedling frame (16) is tilted with the left side lower and the right side higher; two electric top rods (28) are set horizontally, and their fixed seats are respectively Installed on two connecting arms (19), the telescopic rods are used to push the door mechanism switch one (10); two vertical drive mechanisms (30) are respectively installed on two upright beams (17) and connected to the two connecting arms (19) respectively, for synchronously driving the two connecting arms (19) to drive the transition seedling frame (16) to move back and forth vertically; the mechanical top rod (29) is vertically set below the bottom right side of the transition seedling frame (16), and its lower end is fixedly connected to the two upright beams (17) through the connecting bracket (31), and its upper end is equipped with a guide wheel (33); two door mechanism stop wheels (32) are fixedly connected to the lower part of the left end of the two upright beams (17) through two mounting brackets (45).

2. The automatic seedling feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical drive mechanism (30) includes a drive motor (34), bearing housings (35), a lead screw (36), and a lead screw nut (37); the drive motor (34) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the right edge of the upright beam (17); the two bearing housings (35) are respectively fixedly installed at the top and bottom of the right edge of the upright beam (17); the two ends of the lead screw (36) in the length direction are respectively connected to the two bearings in the two bearing housings (35), and the lower end of the lead screw (36) is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (34); the lead screw nut (37) is threaded and fitted onto the outside of the lead screw (36), and it is fixedly connected to the connecting arm (19).

3. The automatic seedling feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a position sensing switch, a contact switch (42), and a controller; Multiple position sensing switches are distributed corresponding to multiple seedling racks (5) and are fixedly installed on the upright beam (17); The contact switch (42) is fixedly installed on the right side of the bottom of the frame support body two (44), and above the guide wheel (33); The controller is connected to a position sensing switch, a contact switch, an electric push rod (28), and a drive motor (34), respectively.

4. The automatic seedling feeding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support frame (3) includes a bottom support base (38) and a nested telescopic bracket (39), the nested telescopic bracket (39) being fixedly installed on the bottom support base (38).

5. An automatic seedling feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vertical frame (14) also includes a bottom longitudinal beam (40) and a top crossbeam (41); the two bottom longitudinal beams (40) are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two vertical beams (17); the top crossbeam (41) is fixedly connected between the upper ends of the two vertical beams (17).

6. An automatic seedling feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The frame support body (43) includes a support frame (6), a seedling separating plate (7), and a rolling wheel (8); multiple seedling separating plates (7) are evenly installed on the support frame (6) along the length direction, and the upper space of the support frame (6) is isolated into multiple seedling carrying spaces; multiple sets of rolling wheels (8) are correspondingly distributed in multiple seedling carrying spaces, and are fixedly connected to the support frame (6) through multiple wheel brackets (46).

7. An automatic seedling feeding device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The frame support body 2 (44) includes a support frame 2 (20), a seedling separating plate 2 (21), and a rolling wheel 2 (22); multiple seedling separating plates 2 (21) are evenly installed on the support frame 2 (20) along the length direction, and the upper space of the support frame 2 (20) is isolated into multiple seedling carrying spaces 2; multiple sets of rolling wheels 2 (22) are correspondingly distributed in multiple seedling carrying spaces 2, and are fixedly connected to the support frame 2 (20) through multiple wheel brackets 2 (47).

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