Auxiliary instrument for lumbar vertebra fracture pkp operation puncture

Abstract

The utility model relates to an auxiliary instrument for lumbar vertebra fracture PKP operation puncture, including puncture needle and the needle hub sleeve of puncture needle, still including puncture needle positioner, puncture needle positioner includes semicircular angle disc, and angle indicating rod is corresponded with angle disc cooperation, and the chord corresponding side of angle disc has needle lock structure, and the needle hub sleeve is fixed on angle disc through needle lock structure, and establishes puncture needle on the zero scale line of angle disc. Can accurately and reliably establish operation puncture path, improve operation success rate and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to medical devices, specifically an auxiliary device for puncture during percutaneous vertebroplasty for lumbar vertebral fractures. Background Technology

[0002] Percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) is an important treatment for off-center vertebral kyphoplasty (OVCF). PKP involves inserting an expandable balloon into the vertebral body through the pedicle screw, using the balloon to decompress and reduce the fracture. Once the compressed vertebral body is satisfactorily reduced, the balloon is removed, and bone cement is injected into the vertebral body to achieve local stability of the vertebral fracture. Currently, the determination of the puncture path in PKP surgery relies on fluoroscopy and the surgeon's experience alone. In many cases, the surgeon needs to make multiple punctures and adjustments to obtain a satisfactory path. This not only reduces surgical efficiency but also increases the risk of adverse surgical complications for the patient. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the existing technology and provide an auxiliary instrument for puncture in lumbar vertebral fracture PKP surgery, which can accurately and reliably establish the surgical puncture path and improve the success rate and efficiency of the surgery.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An auxiliary instrument for puncture in lumbar vertebral fracture PKP surgery includes a puncture needle and a needle sleeve fitted on the puncture needle. The instrument is characterized by further including a puncture needle positioner. The puncture needle positioner includes a semi-circular angle disc and an angle indicator rod corresponding to the angle disc. The chord-corresponding edge of the angle disc has a needle locking structure. The needle sleeve is fixed to the angle disc via the needle locking structure, and the puncture needle is positioned on the zero mark of the angle disc.

[0005] Preferably, the needle locking structure includes a positioning protrusion on the chord-corresponding side of the angle disc, which forms an L-shaped positioning angle with the chord-corresponding side of the angle disc. A clamping nut is correspondingly engaged at the L-shaped positioning angle, and the needle sleeve is positioned within the L-shaped positioning angle and fixed by the clamping nut.

[0006] Preferably, the clamping nut is connected to the fixed fulcrum of the angle indicator rod, thereby fixing the angle indicator rod to the angle plate.

[0007] Preferably, the outer surface of the needle sleeve has several indicator lines distributed along the axial direction.

[0008] This utility model provides an auxiliary instrument for lumbar vertebral fracture PKP surgery puncture, enabling physicians to perform puncture operations based on a new puncture surgical method. Specifically: the physician, based on the patient's pedicle MRI and the pedicle structure, establishes the skin puncture point A and the pedicle needle insertion point B1. An orthographic projection point B based on the pedicle puncture point B1 is established on the patient's skin. A virtual plane C for needle insertion, corresponding to line AB and perpendicular to the patient's skin surface, is formed based on the skin puncture point A and the orthographic projection point B. The puncture needle insertion angle is calculated based on the pedicle structure of the patient's MRI. The puncture needle is attached to an angle gauge, with the puncture needle corresponding to the zero-degree line of the angle gauge. The angle indicator is adjusted to the scale indicating the puncture needle insertion angle. Puncture path establishment: The tip of the puncture needle corresponds to the skin puncture point A, and the angle disc is parallel to the virtual plane C of needle insertion. That is, the angle disc is swung until the puncture needle aligns with line AB and the angle disc is perpendicular to the patient's skin surface. At the same time, the position of the angle disc is further adjusted along the virtual plane C of needle insertion until the angle indicator rod is parallel to the patient's skin surface, thus establishing the needle insertion path. According to the instrument provided by this utility model, the puncture path can be established simply and quickly. The operation is simple and convenient, and the instrument has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, has low cost, and is easy to disinfect, thus having great application prospects in clinical practice.

[0009] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary instrument for puncture in lumbar vertebral fracture PKP surgery according to this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the puncture needle positioner of this utility model; Figure 3 Anatomical structure of the pedicle Figure 1 ; Figure 4 Lateral surface structure of the lumbar spine Figure 2 ; Figure 5 A diagram illustrating the calculation model for PKP surgical puncture parameters. Detailed Implementation

[0011] See appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2This utility model discloses an auxiliary device for puncture in lumbar vertebral fracture PKP surgery, including a puncture needle 11 and a needle sleeve 12 sleeved on the puncture needle 11. The outer surface of the needle sleeve 12 has several indicator lines 121 distributed along the axial direction to achieve a more intuitive grasp of the puncture depth. In order to achieve convenient and reliable puncture path establishment, a puncture needle locator 2 is also configured. The puncture needle locator 2 includes a semi-circular angle disk 21 and an angle indicator rod 22 corresponding to the angle disk 21. One end of the angle indicator rod 22 is restricted on the angle disk 21. This end of the angle indicator rod 22 is the fulcrum for the angle indicator rod 22 to rotate around the angle disk 21. The chord-corresponding side 211 of the angle disk 21 has a needle locking structure. The needle sleeve 12 is fixed on the angle disk 21 by the needle locking structure, and the puncture needle 11 is positioned on the zero mark of the angle disk 21. The angle indicator rod is adjusted and locked by: an arc-shaped groove 212 is provided on the angle plate 21, and a stud is provided on the angle indicator rod 22 that passes through the arc-shaped groove 212. A locking nut 23 is screwed on the stud. Pulling the locking nut 23 pushes the angle indicator rod 22 to adjust its position. After the position is established, tightening the locking nut 23 locks the angle indicator rod 22 on the angle plate 21.

[0012] To facilitate reliable fixation of the puncture needle, the needle locking structure includes a positioning protrusion 213 protruding on the chord-corresponding side of the angle plate 21. The positioning protrusion 213 and the angle plate 21 form an L-shaped positioning angle 214 on the chord-corresponding side. A clamping nut 24 is correspondingly engaged at the L-shaped positioning angle 214. The needle sleeve 12 is positioned within the L-shaped positioning angle 214 and is fixed by the clamping nut 24.

[0013] The fulcrum of the angle indicator rod 22 is fixed by a nut, making the structure compact. The nut used to fix the fulcrum of the angle indicator rod 22 also serves as a fixing pin sleeve 12. That is, the clamping nut 215 is connected to the fixing fulcrum of the angle indicator rod 22, thereby fixing the angle indicator rod 22 to the angle disc 21.

[0014] This invention provides a new puncture surgical method that assists in puncture operations, enabling simpler and more reliable establishment of the puncture path outside the patient's body, thus solving the problem of high difficulty in puncture operations caused by relying solely on fluoroscopy. The following detailed description of the specific surgical instrument usage process is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: like Figures 3-5As shown, 1. Puncture path analysis and establishment: Based on the patient's pedicle MRI and the characteristics of the pedicle structure, the physician ① establishes the puncture needle insertion angle in the transverse and sagittal planes: In the transverse plane of the pedicle image, find the pedicle insertion point B1, and enter the vertebral body along the lateral side of the pedicle to reach the ideal vertebral body injection point for bone cement. The angle between the line connecting the two points and the midline of the spine (perpendicular to the skin) is defined as angle α. In the central sagittal plane of the MRI image, find the pedicle insertion point B1, and similarly enter the vertebral body along the pedicle to reach the ideal vertebral body injection point for bone cement. The angle between the line connecting the two points and the line perpendicular to the skin at the bone cement point is defined as angle β. ② Establish the orthogonal projection point B of the pedicle surgery puncture point B1 on the skin: Measure the distance between the puncture point and the midline of the spine on the transverse section of the MRI image; palpate the spinous processes of each vertebra on the skin and draw a line connecting them as the surface midline of the spine. Under fluoroscopy, guide the drawing of the pedicle plane with a Kirschner wire. The distance measured on the MRI image lateral to the midline of the pedicle plane is the skin projection point B of the pedicle puncture point. During the operation, the needle tip can be used to mark this point, and then confirmed under fluoroscopy to ensure it overlaps with the ideal pedicle puncture point without deviation; ③ Establish the skin entry point: Measure the distance from the pedicle puncture point to the skin plane on the transverse section of the MRI image, such as... Figure 5 As shown, imagine a cuboid, with the pedicle and skin entry points as its two diagonal vertices. The distance from the pedicle entry point to the skin is its height, and angles α and β are the angles between its lateral diagonals and base. Using trigonometric functions of α and β angles, calculate the lateral and upward distances of the pedicle entry point (i.e., the length and width of the base) to obtain the skin entry point. ④ Establish the puncture bevel angle: In the three-dimensional image of the imagined cuboid, substitute angles α and β into a specific formula to calculate the puncture bevel angle (i.e., the angle between the diagonals and base of the cuboid). Based on the above preoperative diagnosis, mark the skin puncture point A, the orthographic projection point B, and the line AB at the patient's surgical site. Based on the line AB, the physician constructs a virtual needle insertion plane C that passes through the line AB and is perpendicular to the patient's skin surface.

[0015] 2. Surgical Instrument Procedures: Constructing the Puncture Path: ⑤ Instrument Adjustment: Attach the puncture needle to the angle gauge, with the needle aligned with the zero-degree line of the angle gauge. Based on the calculated puncture bevel angle, adjust the angle indicator to the mark corresponding to the puncture bevel angle. ⑥ The needle tip should be aligned with the skin puncture point A, and the angle gauge parallel to the virtual insertion plane C. Swing the angle gauge until it aligns with the puncture needle on line AB, and the angle gauge is perpendicular to the patient's skin surface. Simultaneously, further adjust the angle gauge position along the virtual insertion plane C until the angle indicator is parallel to the patient's skin surface, thus establishing the needle insertion path.

Claims

1. An auxiliary instrument for puncture in lumbar vertebral fracture PKP surgery, comprising a puncture needle and a needle sheath fitted over the puncture needle, characterized in that: It also includes a puncture needle positioner, which includes a semi-circular angled disk and an angle indicator rod that corresponds to and cooperates with the angled disk. The chord-corresponding side of the angled disk has a needle locking structure. The needle sleeve is fixed to the angled disk through the needle locking structure, and the puncture needle is positioned on the zero mark of the angled disk.

2. The auxiliary instrument for puncture in lumbar vertebral fracture PKP surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The needle locking structure includes a positioning protrusion on the chord-corresponding side of the angle plate, which forms an L-shaped positioning angle with the chord-corresponding side of the angle plate. A clamping nut is correspondingly engaged at the L-shaped positioning angle, and the needle sleeve is positioned within the L-shaped positioning angle and fixed by the clamping nut.

3. The auxiliary instrument for puncture in lumbar vertebral fracture PKP surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping nut is connected to the fixed fulcrum of the angle indicator rod, thereby fixing the angle indicator rod to the angle plate.

4. The auxiliary instrument for puncture in lumbar vertebral fracture PKP surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the needle sleeve has several indicator lines distributed along the axial direction.

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