Continuous production of hollow spheres and nanosheets

Abstract

The application provides a continuous preparation device for hollow spheres and nanosheets, which comprises a reaction kettle, a centrifuge, a return pipe and a spray dryer. The top of the reaction kettle is provided with at least one feeding port, and the bottom of the reaction kettle is provided with a first discharging port and a second discharging port. The centrifuge comprises a centrifugal cylinder and a spraying system, the top of the centrifuge is provided with a feeding port, and the bottom of the centrifuge is provided with a discharging port. The feeding port is connected to the first discharging port through a first conveying pipeline. One end of the return pipe is connected to the discharging port of the centrifuge, and the other end of the return pipe is connected to the feeding port of the reaction kettle. The top of the spray dryer is provided with a feeding end, and the bottom of the spray dryer is provided with a liquid discharging pipeline and a powder collecting bin. The feeding end is connected to the second discharging port through a second conveying pipeline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of industrial production equipment, and in particular to a continuous preparation apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets. Background Technology

[0002] Hollow spheres and nanosheets, as novel materials with asymmetric structures, have attracted widespread attention in materials science and engineering in recent years. These materials typically consist of a matrix and two distinct functional groups on either side, endowing them with unique physical and chemical properties. This asymmetric structure makes hollow spheres and nanosheets exhibit significant application potential in various fields such as multiphase blending, oily wastewater treatment, and oil-water separation. For example, hollow spheres, due to their lightweight and high strength, are suitable for the manufacture of lightweight composite materials; while nanosheets, due to their high specific surface area and good electrical conductivity, are widely used in electronic devices and catalysts.

[0003] Currently, various techniques have been developed for the synthesis of hollow spheres and nanosheets, including emulsion interface methods, phase separation methods, and microfluidic methods. Among these, the emulsion interface method has attracted attention due to its ability to form asymmetric hollow spheres in an oil-water immiscible two-phase system. This method involves forming hollow spheres at the oil-water interface through an emulsification process, followed by ultrasonic fragmentation to obtain nanosheets, and finally, a drying process to obtain the final product. The emulsion interface method has wide applications in industrial production due to its ability to achieve large-scale production.

[0004] Although the emulsion interface method has shown good synthetic results on a laboratory scale, there is currently a lack of matching continuous preparation equipment, which limits the promotion of hollow spheres and nanosheets in industrial applications. Therefore, developing an efficient and stable continuous preparation equipment for hollow spheres and nanosheets can effectively improve production efficiency, reduce production costs, and meet industrial needs. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome or mitigate the shortcomings of the existing technology, one objective of this application is to provide a continuous preparation apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets. This apparatus, through the highly integrated integration of a reaction vessel, centrifuge, and spray dryer, establishes a continuous production process, enabling the continuous production of hollow spheres and nanosheets.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present application may adopt the following technical solutions.

[0007] This application provides a continuous preparation apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets, comprising: a reaction vessel having at least one inlet at the top and a first outlet and a second outlet at the bottom; a centrifuge including a centrifuge cylinder and a spray system, the centrifuge having an inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom, the inlet being connected to the first outlet via a first conveying pipe; a return pipe having one end connected to the discharge outlet of the centrifuge and the other end connected to the inlet of the reaction vessel; and a spray dryer having an inlet at the top and a drain pipe and a powder collection chamber at the bottom, the inlet being connected to the second outlet via a second conveying pipe.

[0008] In at least one embodiment, the reactor further includes a high-speed homogenizer, an ultrasonic rod, and a stirring mechanism, wherein the end of the high-speed homogenizer is detachably connected to an emulsifying head or a crushing head, and the high-speed homogenizer, ultrasonic rod, and stirring mechanism are at least partially placed inside the reactor.

[0009] In at least one embodiment, a pressure valve is provided between the second conveying pipe and the second outlet of the reactor, the pressure valve being able to monitor the pressure inside the second conveying pipe.

[0010] In at least one embodiment, a stainless steel filter screen is provided at the discharge port of the centrifuge to prevent solids in the mixture from being discharged from the discharge port, and the stainless steel filter screen is detachably installed at the outlet of the discharge port.

[0011] In at least one embodiment, the continuous preparation apparatus includes a condensation recovery device connected to the discharge pipe of the spray dryer.

[0012] In at least one embodiment, the return pipeline is equipped with a pump capable of drawing the mixture from the centrifuge and delivering it into the interior of the reactor.

[0013] In at least one embodiment, the pump is a corrosion-resistant diaphragm pump, the inlet and outlet pipe diameters of which are the same as the diameter of the return material pipeline, and the inlet and outlet ends of the pump are provided with flange connection structures.

[0014] In at least one embodiment, a one-way valve is provided between the feed inlet of the reactor and the pump, the one-way valve enabling the mixture to be delivered to the reactor only from the centrifuge.

[0015] In at least one embodiment, a control cabinet is also included, wherein the reactor, the centrifuge, and the spray dryer are respectively connected to the control cabinet via signal lines, and the control cabinet includes a touch screen and status indicator lights.

[0016] In at least one embodiment, the control cabinet is capable of remotely controlling the start-up, stop, and operation parameter adjustment of the reactor, the centrifuge, and the spray dryer.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, this application provides a continuous preparation apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets. This apparatus integrates a reaction vessel, a centrifuge, and a spray dryer, enabling continuous production of hollow spheres and nanosheets. The reaction vessel can accommodate the oil-water two-phase reaction liquid and provide an ideal reaction environment; the centrifuge effectively separates the hollow sphere solids from the emulsion, ensuring product purity; and the spray dryer rapidly dries the prepared hollow spheres and nanosheets. The design of this apparatus optimizes the material flow path and reduces intermediate steps, thereby achieving efficient continuous production from raw material mixing to finished product drying. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a continuous preparation apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets according to an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0020] 10. Reactor;

[0021] 11. Feed inlet;

[0022] 12. Discharge port;

[0023] 121 First discharge port; 122 Second discharge port;

[0024] 13 First conveying pipe; 14 Second conveying pipe; 15 High-speed homogenizer; 16 Ultrasonic rod; 17 Mixing mechanism;

[0025] 20 centrifuges;

[0026] 21. Feed inlet; 22. Discharge outlet;

[0027] 30. Return material pipeline;

[0028] 31 Pump; 32 Third delivery pipeline;

[0029] 40 Spray dryer;

[0030] 41 Feed end; 42 Drainage pipe; 43 Powder collection bin Detailed Implementation

[0031] Exemplary embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these specific descriptions are for teaching those skilled in the art how to implement this application only, and are not intended to exhaust all possible methods of this application, nor to limit the scope of this application.

[0032] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, embodiments of this application provide a continuous preparation apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets, which may include a reaction vessel 10, a centrifuge 20, and a spray dryer 40.

[0034] The reactor 10 has an inner cavity to contain the oil-water two-phase reaction liquid and provide a site for the emulsion interface reaction. The top of the reactor 10 may be provided with one or more inlets 11 for placing the reaction liquid; the bottom may be provided with an outlet 12 for discharging the reaction products.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the discharge port 12 may include a first discharge port 121 and a second discharge port 122. The first discharge port 121 can be connected to the first conveying pipe 13 and communicates with the inlet 21 of the centrifuge 20, allowing the reaction products in the reactor 10 to be conveyed into the centrifuge 20 for subsequent operations. Furthermore, the second discharge port 122 can be connected to the second conveying pipe 14 and communicates with the spray dryer 40, allowing the reaction products in the reactor 10 to be conveyed into the spray dryer 40 for subsequent operations.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the first discharge port 121 and the second discharge port 122 can be arranged side by side at the bottom of the reactor 10.

[0037] In addition, the reactor 10 may also be equipped with a high-speed homogenizer 15, an ultrasonic rod 16, and a stirring mechanism 17, all of which can be partially placed inside the reactor 10. Specifically, the end of the high-speed homogenizer 15 is detachably connected to an emulsifying head or a crushing head, which can be switched according to the needs of different reaction stages. The emulsifying head is used to thoroughly mix the oil-water mixture and emulsify it, generating hollow sphere products under high-speed shear force; while the crushing head is used to crush the hollow sphere products to obtain nanosheet products.

[0038] Furthermore, the emulsifying working head can adopt a conical toothed ring structure, and the crushing working head can adopt a spiral blade structure.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the ultrasonic rod 16 is partially placed inside the reactor 10 to promote the breakup reaction of the hollow sphere product, thereby obtaining nanosheets. The end of the stirring mechanism 17 can be connected to a multi-layer stirring paddle assembly, which is placed inside the reactor 10 to stir the oil-water two-phase reaction liquid to ensure its thorough mixing and emulsification.

[0040] Preferably, in this embodiment, the high-speed homogenizer 15 and the ultrasonic rod 16 can be raised and lowered within the reactor 10 to accommodate mixtures at different heights or to accommodate different operating stages. In particular, some operating stages do not require the high-speed homogenizer 15 and / or the ultrasonic rod 16 to operate, while also avoiding mutual interference.

[0041] In addition, in this embodiment, the reactor 10 is also equipped with a constant temperature water bath device (not shown) to maintain the temperature of the reactor 10 stable, thereby ensuring that the oil-water mixture undergoes an emulsion interface reaction at a suitable temperature.

[0042] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, centrifuge 20 can be connected to reaction vessel 10 for dehydrating the emulsion after the oil-water mixture undergoes an emulsion interface reaction, and separating hollow sphere solids from it. Specifically, centrifuge 20 may include a centrifuge cylinder and a spray device. The centrifuge cylinder is used to dehydrate the emulsion to obtain a solid product, while the spray device is used to wash the solid product.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the centrifuge 20 may have a feed inlet 21 at its top, which can be connected to the first conveying pipe 13. Furthermore, the centrifuge 20 may also have a discharge outlet 22 and a third conveying pipe 32. The discharge outlet 22 is equipped with a stainless steel filter screen (not shown) to prevent solids in the mixture from being discharged from the discharge outlet 22. The stainless steel filter screen is detachably installed at the inlet of the discharge outlet 22 for easy cleaning and maintenance.

[0044] Preferably, the size of the stainless steel filter screen can be flexibly selected according to the size of the solid product.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, one end of the return pipe 30 can be connected to the discharge port 22 of the centrifuge 20, and the other end can be connected to the feed port 11 at the top of the reactor 10. A pump 31 can be installed on the return pipe 30. The return pipe 30 can be used to re-introduce the product and dispersion processed by the centrifuge 20 into the reactor 10 for subsequent crushing reaction during the further production of nanosheets.

[0046] In addition, the continuous processing unit is equipped with a third conveying pipe 32, which is connected to the discharge port 22 and the second conveying pipe 14. The solid product washed by the centrifuge 20 can be mixed with water to form a dispersion, and then conveyed through the third conveying pipe 32 to the drying sprayer 40 for drying. A flow valve can also be installed on the third conveying pipe 32 to control the conveying speed of the dispersion.

[0047] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a one-way valve (not shown) is provided between the feed inlet 11 at the top of the reactor 10 and the pump 31 to prevent backflow of materials, ensuring that the mixture can only be transported from the centrifuge 20 to the reactor 10. The pump 31 can be a corrosion-resistant diaphragm pump, and its inlet and outlet pipe diameters can be consistent with the diameter of the return pipe 30. The inlet and outlet ends of the pump 31 can be equipped with flange connections to ensure sealing and ease of maintenance.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the continuous preparation apparatus may further include a spray dryer 40, which may have a feed end 41 at its top. The feed end 41 is connected to the second discharge port 122 of the reaction vessel 10 via a second conveying pipe 14. The bottom of the spray dryer 40 is provided with a drain pipe 42 for discharging liquid that has not been evaporated during the drying process, and a powder collection bin 43 for collecting the solid product after drying. Furthermore, the end of the drain pipe 42 of the spray dryer 40 may be connected to a condensation recovery device (not shown) for recovering and treating the waste gas and solvent generated during the spray drying process, thereby further improving resource utilization efficiency.

[0049] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a valve (not shown) with a pressure gauge may be provided between the second conveying pipe 14 and the second outlet 122 of the reactor 10 to monitor pressure changes within the pipe.

[0050] In this embodiment, the continuous preparation apparatus may include a control cabinet (not shown). The reactor 10, centrifuge 20, and spray dryer 40 can be connected to the control cabinet via signal lines, and the control cabinet is equipped with a touch screen and status indicator lights. Furthermore, the control cabinet can remotely control the start-up, stop, and operating parameter adjustment of the reactor 10, centrifuge 20, and spray dryer 40. This enhances the intelligence level of the apparatus.

[0051] The apparatus may also include a temperature monitoring system (not shown) for real-time monitoring of the temperature inside the reactor 10 and the spray dryer 40, so that the product can be reacted and dried under suitable conditions.

[0052] This device integrates a reactor, centrifuge, and spray dryer to achieve continuous production of hollow spheres and nanosheets. The reactor 10 can hold the oil-water two-phase reaction liquid and provide an ideal reaction environment; the centrifuge effectively separates the hollow sphere solids from the emulsion and washes them, ensuring product purity; the spray dryer rapidly dries the prepared hollow spheres and nanosheets to obtain hollow sphere or nanosheet powder. The device's design optimizes the material flow path and reduces intermediate steps, thus achieving efficient and continuous production from raw material mixing to finished product drying.

[0053] The following is combined Figure 1This describes the process of batch preparation of hollow spheres or nanosheets using the continuous preparation apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets described in this application.

[0054] First, an emulsification operation is performed. The oil-water two-phase reaction liquid is added into the reaction vessel 10, the emulsification working head of the high-speed homogenizer 15 is adjusted to an appropriate height, and the high-speed homogenizer 15 is started so that the oil-water two-phase reaction liquid can be fully mixed and emulsified.

[0055] After emulsification, the working head of the high-speed homogenizer 15 is raised, and the reaction is carried out at a suitable water bath temperature with the assistance of the stirring mechanism 17. After an appropriate reaction time, the reaction solution is discharged from the first outlet 121 of the reaction vessel 10 and centrifuged in the centrifuge 20 to obtain a solid product. Subsequently, the product is repeatedly washed with water and ethanol through the spray device of the centrifuge 20. After washing, centrifugation is performed again to separate the hollow spheres from the waste liquid. The waste liquid is discharged through the drain port, and water is added to the obtained hollow spheres to form a dispersion.

[0056] To obtain the final product of hollow spheres, the product dispersion is introduced into a spray dryer 40 and dried to obtain pure hollow sphere solid powder.

[0057] To obtain the final product of nanosheets, the product is dispersed in water and placed back into the reaction vessel 10. The hollow spheres are broken down by the ultrasonic action of the ultrasonic rod 16 and the strong shearing force of the crushing working head of the high-speed homogenizer 15, thereby obtaining nanosheets.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] 3 L of oil phase (comprising 2 L of n-heptane and 1 L of tetraethyl silicate) and 4 L of aqueous phase (consisting of 1 L of 10% styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer hydrolysate, i.e., HSMA, and 3 L of water) are mixed and added to reactor 10. The emulsifying head of the high-speed homogenizer 15 is adjusted to a suitable height below the surface of the reaction liquid, and then the high-speed homogenizer 15 is started. The high-speed shearing action of the high-speed homogenizer 15 thoroughly mixes and emulsifies the oil and water phases. The specific operating parameters are: rotation speed 2000 rpm, duration 3 minutes. After the emulsification operation is completed, the emulsifying head of the high-speed homogenizer 15 is raised to a suitable height, and the preparation reaction is carried out under the stirring mechanism 17 and a suitable water bath temperature. The specific parameters are: stirring speed 100 rpm, water bath temperature 40°C. After a suitable reaction time (approximately 24 hours), the reacted liquid is discharged from the outlet 121 of reactor 10 into centrifuge 20.

[0060] Centrifugation (4000 rpm, 10 minutes) yields a solid product. The product is then repeatedly washed with water and ethanol via a spray system in centrifuge 20. After washing, centrifugation is performed to separate the hollow spheres from the waste liquid. The waste liquid is discharged through the outlet, while the hollow spheres are mixed with water to form a dispersion with a concentration of approximately 5%. The dispersion is then introduced into a spray dryer 40 for spray drying, ultimately collecting pure, dry hollow sphere solid powder from the outlet.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] 3 L of oil phase (comprising 2 L of n-heptane and 1 L of tetraethyl silicate) and 4 L of aqueous phase (consisting of 1 L of 10% styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer hydrolysate, i.e., HSMA, and 3 L of water) were mixed and added to the reactor. The emulsifying head of the high-speed homogenizer was adjusted to a suitable height below the surface of the reaction liquid, and then the high-speed homogenizer was started. The high-speed shearing action of the high-speed homogenizer ensured thorough mixing and emulsification of the oil and water phases. The specific operating parameters were: 2000 rpm for 3 minutes. After emulsification, the emulsifying head of the high-speed homogenizer was raised to a suitable height, and the preparation reaction was carried out under stirring and a suitable water bath temperature. The specific parameters were: 100 rpm for stirring and 40°C for the water bath temperature. After a suitable reaction time (approximately 24 hours), the reacted liquid was discharged from the reactor outlet into a centrifuge.

[0063] During centrifugation, the rotation speed was set to 4000 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a solid product. The product was repeatedly washed with water and ethanol using the centrifuge's spray system. After washing, it was centrifuged again to separate the hollow spheres from the waste liquid. The waste liquid was discharged through the outlet, while the hollow spheres were mixed with water to form a dispersion with a concentration of approximately 5%. The dispersion was then reintroduced into the reactor, where the hollow spheres were broken into nanosheets using an ultrasonic bar and a high-speed homogenizer. The liquid was then introduced into a spray dryer for spray drying, and finally, pure, dry nanosheet solid powder was collected from the outlet.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] 6 L of oil phase (comprising 4 L of n-heptane and 2 L of tetraethyl silicate) and 8 L of aqueous phase (consisting of 2 L of 10% styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer hydrolysate, i.e., HSMA, and 6 L of water) were mixed and added to the reactor. The emulsifying head of the high-speed homogenizer was adjusted to a suitable height below the surface of the reaction liquid, and then the high-speed homogenizer was started. The high-speed shearing action of the high-speed homogenizer ensured thorough mixing and emulsification of the oil and water phases. The specific operating parameters were: rotation speed 2000 rpm, duration 3 minutes. After emulsification, the emulsifying head of the high-speed homogenizer was raised to a suitable height, and the preparation reaction was carried out under stirring and a suitable water bath temperature. The specific parameters were: stirring speed 100 rpm, water bath temperature 40°C. After a suitable reaction time (approximately 24 hours), the reacted liquid was discharged from the reactor outlet into a centrifuge.

[0066] During centrifugation, the rotation speed was set to 4000 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a solid product. The product was repeatedly washed with water and ethanol using the centrifuge's spray system. After washing, the product was centrifuged again to separate the hollow spheres from the waste liquid. The waste liquid was discharged through the outlet, while the hollow spheres were mixed with water to form a dispersion with a concentration of approximately 5%. The dispersion was then reintroduced into a spray dryer for spray drying, and finally, pure, dry hollow sphere solid powder was collected from the outlet.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] 3 L of oil phase (2 L of n-heptane and 1 L of tetraethyl silicate) and 4 L of aqueous phase (1 L of 10% HSMA and 3 L of water) were mixed and added to a multi-functional reactor. The emulsifying head was raised to an appropriate height below the liquid surface, and a high-speed homogenizer was started. The high-speed shearing action of the homogenizer ensured thorough mixing and emulsification of the oil and water phases at 4000 rpm for 2 minutes. After emulsification, the emulsifying shear head was raised, and the preparation reaction was carried out under stirring and a suitable water bath temperature of 40°C at 100 rpm. After an appropriate reaction time (approximately 24 hours), the liquid was discharged from the reactor outlet and introduced into a centrifuge. Centrifugation (4000 rpm for 10 minutes) yielded a solid product. The product was repeatedly washed with water and ethanol using a centrifuge spray device. After washing, the product was centrifuged again, and the resulting hollow spheres were separated from the waste liquid. The waste liquid was discharged through the outlet, while the hollow spheres were mixed with water to form a dispersion with a concentration of approximately 5%. The dispersion is then introduced into a spray dryer for spray drying, and finally, pure, dry hollow sphere solid powder is collected from the outlet.

[0069] Example 5

[0070] 3 L of oil phase (comprising 2.5 L of azobisisobutyronitrile (LAIBN) dissolved in n-heptane and 0.5 L of a mixture of styrene and 10% divinylbenzene) and 4 L of aqueous phase (consisting of 1 L of 10% styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer hydrolysate, i.e., HSMA, and 3 L of water) were mixed and added to the reactor. The emulsifying head of the high-speed homogenizer was adjusted to a suitable height below the surface of the reaction liquid, and then the high-speed homogenizer was started. The high-speed shearing action of the high-speed homogenizer ensured thorough mixing and emulsification of the oil and water phases. The specific operating parameters were: 2000 rpm for 3 minutes. After emulsification, the emulsifying head of the high-speed homogenizer was raised to a suitable height, and the preparation reaction was carried out under stirring and a suitable water bath temperature. The specific parameters were: 100 rpm for stirring and 70°C for the water bath. After a suitable reaction time (approximately 6 hours), the reacted liquid was discharged from the reactor outlet into a centrifuge.

[0071] During centrifugation, the rotation speed was set to 4000 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a solid product. The product was repeatedly washed with water and ethanol using the centrifuge's spray system. After washing, the product was centrifuged again to separate the hollow spheres from the waste liquid. The waste liquid was discharged through the outlet, while the hollow spheres were mixed with water to form a dispersion with a concentration of approximately 5%. The dispersion was then reintroduced into a spray dryer for spray drying, and finally, pure, dry hollow sphere solid powder was collected from the outlet.

[0072] Example 6

[0073] 3 L of oil phase (comprising 2.5 L of LAIBN dissolved in n-heptane and 0.5 L of a mixture of styrene and 10% divinylbenzene) and 4 L of aqueous phase (consisting of 1 L of 10% styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer hydrolysate, i.e., HSMA, and 3 L of water) were mixed and added to the reactor. The emulsifying head of the high-speed homogenizer was adjusted to a suitable height below the surface of the reaction liquid, and then the high-speed homogenizer was started. The high-speed shearing action of the high-speed homogenizer ensured thorough mixing and emulsification of the oil and water phases. The specific operating parameters were: 2000 rpm for 3 minutes. After emulsification, the emulsifying head of the high-speed homogenizer was raised to a suitable height, and the preparation reaction was carried out under stirring and a suitable water bath temperature. The specific parameters were: stirring speed 100 rpm and water bath temperature 70°C. After a suitable reaction time (approximately 6 hours), the reacted liquid was discharged from the reactor outlet into a centrifuge.

[0074] During centrifugation, the rotation speed was set to 4000 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a solid product. The product was repeatedly washed with water and ethanol through the centrifuge's spray device. After washing, it was centrifuged again to separate the hollow spheres from the waste liquid. The waste liquid was discharged through the outlet, while the hollow spheres were mixed with water to form a dispersion with a concentration of approximately 5%. The dispersion was then reintroduced into the reaction vessel 10, where the hollow spheres were broken into nanosheets using the ultrasonic rod 16 and the crushing head of the high-speed homogenizer 16. These nanosheets were then fed into the spray dryer 40 for spray drying, and finally, pure, dry nanosheet solid powder was collected from the outlet.

[0075] This device integrates a reactor 10, a centrifuge 20, and a spray dryer 40, enabling continuous production of hollow spheres and nanosheets. The device optimizes the material flow path, reduces intermediate steps, and achieves efficient continuous production from raw material mixing to finished product drying.

Claims

1. A continuous fabrication apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets, characterized in that, include: The reactor has at least one inlet at the top and a first outlet and a second outlet at the bottom. A centrifuge includes a centrifuge cylinder and a spray system. The centrifuge has a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom. The feed inlet is connected to the first discharge outlet through a first conveying pipe. A return pipe, one end of which is connected to the discharge port of the centrifuge, and the other end of which is connected to the inlet of the reactor; and The spray dryer has a feed end at the top and a drain pipe and a powder collection bin at the bottom. The feed end is connected to the second discharge port through a second conveying pipe.

2. The continuous preparation apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction vessel also includes a high-speed homogenizer, an ultrasonic rod, and a stirring mechanism. The end of the high-speed homogenizer is detachably connected to an emulsifying head or a crushing head. The high-speed homogenizer, ultrasonic rod, and stirring mechanism are at least partially placed inside the reaction vessel.

3. The continuous preparation apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure valve is provided between the second conveying pipeline and the second outlet of the reactor, and the pressure valve can monitor the pressure in the second conveying pipeline.

4. The continuous preparation apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets according to claim 1, characterized in that, A stainless steel filter screen is provided at the discharge port of the centrifuge to prevent solids in the mixture from being discharged from the discharge port. The stainless steel filter screen is detachably installed at the outlet of the discharge port.

5. The continuous preparation apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The continuous preparation apparatus includes a condensation recovery device, which is connected to the discharge pipe of the spray dryer.

6. The continuous preparation apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The return pipeline is equipped with a pump, which is capable of drawing the mixture out of the centrifuge and transporting it into the interior of the reactor.

7. The continuous preparation apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pump is a corrosion-resistant diaphragm pump, and its inlet and outlet pipe diameters are the same as those of the return material pipeline. The inlet and outlet ends of the pump are equipped with flange connection structures.

8. The continuous preparation apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets according to claim 6, characterized in that, A one-way valve is provided between the feed inlet of the reactor and the pump, which enables the mixture to be delivered to the reactor only from the centrifuge.

9. The apparatus for continuous preparation of hollow spheres and nanosheets according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It also includes a control cabinet, and the reactor, the centrifuge and the spray dryer are respectively connected to the control cabinet via signal lines. The control cabinet includes a touch screen and status indicator lights.

10. The continuous preparation apparatus for hollow spheres and nanosheets according to claim 9, characterized in that, The control cabinet can remotely control the start-up, stop, and operation parameter adjustment of the reactor, centrifuge, and spray dryer.

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