Grinding device for extracting edible fungi

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of grinding devices for edible mushroom extraction, it is related to the field of edible mushroom extraction, to solve the problem of the stability and batch consistency of subsequent extraction process in the follow-up leaching process caused by the lack of uniformity of the existing edible mushroom grinding equipment, including base, base is fixedly connected with grinding cylinder, driving shaft is rotatably connected in grinding cylinder, the end of driving shaft is fixedly connected with first tool rest, sieve plate is equipped below first tool rest, sieve plate is fixedly connected with grinding cylinder, through-hole for driving shaft is equipped on sieve plate, second tool rest is equipped below sieve plate, second tool rest is fixedly connected with driving shaft, inlet and outlet are equipped on grinding cylinder, baffle is slidably connected at outlet, cover is matched above inlet, lifting frame is installed between cover and base, the advantage is that: by the separation of sieve plate, controllable, uniform, efficient grinding of edible mushroom is realized, and the subsequent extraction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of edible fungi extraction technology, and in particular to a grinding device for edible fungi extraction. Background Technology

[0002] Edible fungi are rich in polysaccharides, proteins, triterpenoids, and various trace elements, making them important raw materials for the development of functional foods, health products, and pharmaceuticals. A prerequisite for the efficient extraction of these bioactive components is the refined physical pretreatment of the raw materials, with grinding being one of the key steps determining extraction efficiency and product quality. Grinding disrupts the cell wall structure of edible fungi, increasing the contact area with the extraction solvent, which significantly improves the dissolution rate and final yield of the target components.

[0003] Currently, the industry mainly relies on general-purpose pulverizing equipment for the pretreatment of edible fungi raw materials, such as high-speed blade mills, hammer mills, or ordinary ball mills. While these devices can transform dried, blocky edible fungi into a visible powder, they reveal the following significant technical shortcomings when applied to high-standard extraction processes: First, the grinding uniformity is insufficient, and the particle size distribution is too wide. The core problem with existing equipment is that its grinding mechanism is unable to achieve homogenization of materials. Taking the most common high-speed blade-type pulverizer as an example, its working principle mainly relies on the impact and shearing of materials by a high-speed rotating blade. This crushing method easily leads to uneven material flow field in the grinding chamber, with some particles being repeatedly over-crushed, while others are not fully ground due to instantaneous passage. Under a microscope, the final product is actually a mixture of fine powder, coarse particles, and even incompletely broken fiber fragments. This powder with extremely uneven particle size distribution may cause excessive solvent adsorption or filtration difficulties in the subsequent extraction process due to the large specific surface area of ​​the fine powder portion, while the coarse particles result in low dissolution rate of effective components due to insufficient cell wall disruption, seriously affecting the stability and batch consistency of the extraction process.

[0004] Secondly, there is a lack of effective grading and closed-loop grinding mechanisms. Ideally, grinding should be a dynamic closed-loop process of "crushing-grading-re-crushing." However, most existing equipment lacks built-in, efficient, real-time grading functions. The ground materials mix and accumulate, and particles that have reached the target fineness cannot be separated and discharged in time. This causes them to continuously endure mechanical forces within the grinding chamber, resulting not only in energy waste and localized overheating, but also potentially altering the physical properties of the material due to over-grinding, and even damaging some heat-sensitive active ingredients. Meanwhile, substandard coarse particles may be discharged prematurely, affecting the overall quality of the product. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, this utility model provides a grinding device for edible fungi extraction. This design effectively solves the problem that the existing edible fungi grinding equipment has insufficient grinding uniformity, which leads to the instability of the extraction process and batch consistency in the subsequent extraction process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention includes a base, on which a grinding cylinder is fixedly connected. A drive shaft is rotatably connected inside the grinding cylinder. A first tool holder is fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft. A sieve plate is provided below the first tool holder. The sieve plate is fixedly connected to the grinding cylinder. A through hole is provided on the sieve plate for the drive shaft to pass through. A second tool holder is provided below the sieve plate. The second tool holder is fixedly connected to the drive shaft. The grinding cylinder has an inlet and an outlet. A baffle is slidably connected to the outlet. A cover plate is fitted above the inlet. A lifting frame is installed between the cover plate and the base.

[0007] Preferably, the grinding cylinder includes an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder. The upper cylinder is fixedly connected to the sieve plate. A stepped hole is provided above the lower cylinder. The upper cylinder is slidably connected to the stepped hole. A fixing clamp is fitted between the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder. A locking bolt is fitted at the connection part of the fixing clamp.

[0008] Preferably, a support rod is fixedly connected to the fixing clamp, a steel hoop is slidably connected to the support rod, the steel hoop is fixedly connected to the lifting frame, and a fixing bolt is installed between the steel hoop and the support rod.

[0009] Preferably, the second tool holder includes an upper pressure plate, a limit pin is fixedly connected to the upper pressure plate, a tool head is slidably connected inside the limit pin, a lower pressure plate is connected to the lower end of the limit pin, a fixing nut is provided below the lower pressure plate, the fixing nut is threadedly connected to the limit pin, and fixing holes are provided on the cylindrical surfaces of both the lower pressure plate and the upper pressure plate, with limit bolts threadedly connected inside the fixing holes.

[0010] Preferably, the cutter head is in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of cutter heads are stacked at a 90-degree offset.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting frame includes a telescopic rod and a support platform, the cover plate is rotatably connected to the support platform, and two sets of symmetrically distributed scrapers are fixedly connected below the cover plate, the distance between the two sets of scrapers being greater than the lateral width of the first blade holder.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the outstanding advantages of this utility model are: This application divides the grinding cylinder into two independent parts, upper and lower, using a sieve plate. The first blade holder on the sieve plate performs preliminary grinding on the edible fungi on the sieve plate, and the grinding particles that meet the standard enter the lower part of the sieve plate, thereby ensuring that the grinding particles meet the minimum standard of subsequent processes. In addition, a second blade holder is provided below the sieve plate to further crush the particles that meet the minimum standard, making their particle size even smaller and ensuring the stability of the subsequent extraction process. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the grinding cylinder of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the grinding cylinder of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drive shaft connection structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the second tool holder of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the forward structure of the second tool holder of this utility model.

[0019] The following are the labeling elements in the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Grinding cylinder; 201. Upper cylinder; 202. Lower cylinder; 203. Stepped hole; 3. Drive shaft; 4. First cutter holder; 5. Screen plate; 6. Second cutter holder; 601. Upper pressure plate; 602. Limiting pin; 603. Cutter head; 604. Lower pressure plate; 605. Fixing nut; 606. Fixing hole; 7. Feed inlet; 8. Discharge outlet; 9. Baffle; 10. Cover plate; 11. Lifting frame; 1101. Telescopic rod; 1102. Support platform; 12. Fixing clamp; 13. Locking bolt; 14. Support rod; 15. Steel hoop; 16. Fixing bolt; 17. Scraper. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] Please see the appendix Figure 1-6This embodiment describes a grinding device for extracting edible fungi, which mainly includes a base 1, a grinding cylinder 2, a drive shaft 3, a first blade holder 4, a sieve plate 5, a second blade holder 6, and a lifting frame 11.

[0022] The base 1 serves as the supporting foundation for the entire device and can integrate a drive motor (not shown in the figure) and a control system. The grinding cylinder 2 is vertically fixed on the base 1, forming the main grinding chamber. The top side wall of the grinding cylinder 2 has a feed inlet 7 for feeding in dried edible fungus blocks to be pulverized; its bottom side wall has a discharge outlet 8 for discharging qualified fine powder. A baffle 9 is slidably connected to the discharge outlet 8, and the opening and closing of the discharge outlet 8 can be controlled by pulling the baffle 9.

[0023] The grinding cylinder 2 adopts a split structure for easy internal cleaning and maintenance. Specifically, as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the grinding cylinder 2 includes an upper cylinder 201 and a lower cylinder 202. A stepped hole 203 is machined on the inner side of the upper end of the lower cylinder 202. The lower end of the upper cylinder 201 is inserted into the stepped hole 203 to achieve positioning and docking. Then, it is locked by a fixing clamp 12 fitted at the docking point. The connecting part of the fixing clamp 12 is fitted with a locking bolt 13. The fixing clamp 12 is a steel sheet with strong elastic deformation. The locking bolt 13 is connected to both ends of the steel sheet. Under the action of the locking bolt 13, the first and second ends of the fixing clamp 12 are connected to form a ring structure. The locking bolt 13 is a long bolt. The fixing clamp 12 can be locked and loosened by adjusting the distance between the two ends of the fixing clamp 12.

[0024] Inside the center of the grinding cylinder 2, a vertical drive shaft 3 is rotatably connected. The drive shaft 3 is driven to rotate by a motor in the base 1. The upper part of the drive shaft 3 is located inside the upper cylinder 201, and a first blade holder 4 is fixedly connected to its top. The first blade holder 4 is preferably cross-shaped and has blades facing different directions installed on it for primary impact and coarse crushing of the material fed from the feed inlet 7.

[0025] Directly below the first cutter holder 4, a horizontally fixed sieve plate 5 is provided. The sieve plate 5 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper cylinder 201 through its outer edge, and the edge of the sieve plate 5 is in close contact with the inner wall of the upper cylinder 201, and the two are fixed together by bolts. A through hole is opened in the center of the sieve plate 5 for the drive shaft 3 to pass through, and the drive shaft 3 can rotate freely in the through hole. The sieve plate 5 is densely covered with sieve holes, the diameter of which is selected according to the target powder particle size. The material that has been initially crushed by the first cutter holder 4 falls onto the sieve plate 5 under the action of gravity and airflow. Among them, the fine powder that has reached the target particle size will fall through the sieve holes, while the coarse particles that do not meet the standard will be trapped above the sieve plate 5.

[0026] Below the sieve plate 5, a second blade holder 6 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 3 located inside the lower cylinder 202; the second blade holder 6 is used for fine secondary grinding of the sieved particles. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the second tool holder 6 mainly includes an upper pressure plate 601, a lower pressure plate 604, a limiting pin 602, and a tool head 603. The upper pressure plate 601 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 3. Multiple limiting pins 602 are evenly distributed along the circumference, and their top ends are fixed to the upper pressure plate 601. The tool head 603 (which can be made of carbide or tool steel) has a round hole for the drive shaft 3 and the limiting pins 602 to pass through. The tool head 603 can be sleeved on the limiting pins 602. The lower pressure plate 604 is sleeved on the lower end of the limiting pin 602 and is pressed by a fixing nut 605 that is threaded to the lower end of the limiting pin 602. The function of the lower pressure plate 604 and the fixing nut 605 is to press the middle tool head 603 firmly and prevent the tool head 603 from moving up and down. The upper pressure plate 601 and the lower pressure plate 604 have mounting holes on their cylindrical surfaces. Limiting bolts fit into these mounting holes, securing the upper pressure plate 601 and the lower pressure plate 604 to the drive shaft 3. This mounting method makes it extremely convenient to replace the cutter head 603 and adjust its height (by replacing the cutter head 603 with one of different thicknesses or adding or removing shims to the limiting pin 602). Figure 5 As shown, in order to improve grinding efficiency and uniformity, multiple sets of cutter heads 603 can be installed in a staggered manner at ninety degrees, that is, the upper and lower layers of cutter heads 603 are staggered at a certain angle (such as ninety degrees) in the circumferential direction to form an interlaced shearing effect.

[0027] A cover plate 10 is fitted above the feed inlet 7 to close the feed inlet 7 during non-feeding periods, preventing dust from escaping and foreign objects from entering. The cover plate 10 is opened and closed via a lifting frame 11. The lifting frame 11 includes at least one vertical telescopic rod 1101 (which can be electric, pneumatic, or manual) and a support platform 1102 fixed to the top of the telescopic rod 1101. The cover plate 10 and the support platform 1102 are rotatably connected via a pivot. The rotation axis of the cover plate 10 is on the same vertical line as the axis of the grinding cylinder 2. Two sets of symmetrically distributed scrapers 17 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the cover plate 10. When the cover plate 10 is lowered and closed, these two sets of scrapers 17 extend into the upper cylinder 201, and the distance between the two sets of scrapers 17 is greater than the lateral width of the first tool holder 4, ensuring that the scrapers 17 do not interfere with the rotating first tool holder 4 when rotating with the cover plate 10. The function of scraper 17 is to scrape off the material that may adhere to the inner wall of the upper cylinder 201, so that it falls back to participate in the crushing. At the same time, scraper 17 can increase the flowability of the material on the screen plate 5 and prevent static material powder from clogging the screen holes.

[0028] To enhance the stability of the grinding cylinder 2, especially the upper cylinder 201, at least two support rods 14 can be fixedly connected to the fixing clamp 12. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the support rod 14 is placed horizontally and slides through a steel hoop 15 fixed to the lifting frame 11. The steel hoop 15 and the support rod 14 are locked together by fixing bolts 16. This is equivalent to adding an upper auxiliary support point to the grinding cylinder 2, effectively suppressing vibration during high-speed grinding.

[0029] The overall workflow of this application is as follows: During operation, the drive motor is started, and the drive shaft 3 drives the first cutter holder 4 and the second cutter holder 6 to rotate at high speed. The cover plate 10 is opened through the lifting frame 11, and the dried edible fungus blocks are fed into the feed port 7. The material is first subjected to strong impact and preliminary shearing and crushing by the first cutter holder 4 in the upper cylinder 201. The crushed mixture falls onto the sieve plate 5. The qualified fine powder passes through the sieve holes under the action of gravity and the airflow generated by the rotation of the cutter holder and falls into the lower cylinder 202. The coarse particles trapped above the sieve plate 5 continue to move on the upper surface of the sieve plate 5 under the action of the vortex generated by the rotation of the first cutter holder 4 and their own gravity, and are continuously subjected to further shearing by the end of the first cutter holder 4 until their particle size is reduced to be able to pass through the sieve holes. The material falling into the lower cylinder 202 will encounter the high-speed rotating second cutter holder 6 during the falling process. The cutter head 603 performs fine secondary grinding and dispersing to ensure that the powder discharged from the discharge port 8 has a uniform and fine particle size. When it is necessary to clean or replace the cutter head 603, first remove the first cutter holder 4 from the drive shaft 3 from the upper end of the upper cylinder 201, then loosen the fixing clamp 12 to separate the upper cylinder 201 from the lower cylinder 202, making it easy to access the internal sieve plate 5 and the second cutter holder 6, which makes maintenance very convenient.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A grinding device for extracting edible fungi, characterized in that: The device includes a base (1), on which a grinding cylinder (2) is fixedly connected. A drive shaft (3) is rotatably connected inside the grinding cylinder (2). A first tool holder (4) is fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft (3). A sieve plate (5) is provided below the first tool holder (4). The sieve plate (5) is fixedly connected to the grinding cylinder (2). The sieve plate (5) has a through hole for the drive shaft (3) to pass through. A second tool holder (6) is provided below the sieve plate (5). The second tool holder (6) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft (3). The grinding cylinder (2) has a feed inlet (7) and a discharge outlet (8). A baffle (9) is slidably connected to the discharge outlet (8). A cover plate (10) is fitted above the feed inlet (7). A lifting frame (11) is installed between the cover plate (10) and the base (1).

2. The grinding device for extracting edible fungi according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding cylinder (2) includes an upper cylinder (201) and a lower cylinder (202). The upper cylinder (201) is fixedly connected to the sieve plate (5). A stepped hole (203) is provided above the lower cylinder (202). The upper cylinder (201) is slidably connected to the stepped hole (203). A fixing clamp (12) is fitted between the upper cylinder (201) and the lower cylinder (202). A locking bolt (13) is fitted at the connection part of the fixing clamp (12).

3. The grinding device for extracting edible fungi according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support rod (14) is fixedly connected to the fixed clamp (12), and a steel hoop (15) is slidably connected to the support rod (14). The steel hoop (15) is fixedly connected to the lifting frame (11), and a fixing bolt (16) is installed between the steel hoop (15) and the support rod (14).

4. The grinding device for extracting edible fungi according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second tool holder (6) includes an upper pressure plate (601), a limiting pin (602) is fixedly connected to the upper pressure plate (601), a tool head (603) is slidably connected inside the limiting pin (602), a lower pressure plate (604) is connected to the lower end of the limiting pin (602), a fixing nut (605) is provided below the lower pressure plate (604), the fixing nut (605) is threadedly connected to the limiting pin (602), and fixing holes (606) are provided on the cylindrical surfaces of both the lower pressure plate (604) and the upper pressure plate (601), and a limiting bolt is threadedly connected inside the fixing hole (606).

5. The grinding device for extracting edible fungi according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cutter head (603) has multiple sets, and the multiple sets of cutter heads (603) are stacked at a 90-degree angle.

6. The grinding device for extracting edible fungi according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting frame (11) includes a telescopic rod (1101) and a support platform (1102). The cover plate (10) is rotatably connected to the support platform (1102). Two sets of symmetrically distributed scrapers (17) are fixedly connected below the cover plate (10). The distance between the two sets of scrapers (17) is greater than the lateral width of the first knife holder (4).

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