Incineration residue melting pretreatment system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of incineration residue melting pretreatment systems, belongs to plasma high-temperature melting technical field.Second B-grade iron remover in incineration residue melting pretreatment system is connected with fine crusher, and fine crusher is connected with third vibrating screen feeder;Third vibrating screen feeder includes large material outlet and small material outlet, and large material outlet is connected with coarse crusher;Small material outlet is connected with third A-grade iron remover;Third A-grade iron remover is connected with drying machine.The application can be efficiently deironed by the synergistic effect of multistage screening and graded iron removal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of plasma high-temperature melting technology, and more specifically, to a pretreatment system for melting incineration residues. Background Technology

[0002] Waste incineration and the incineration of hazardous waste produce a large amount of bottom ash and fly ash. Using plasma high-temperature melting technology to transform the incineration residue into harmless microcrystalline glass is an important way to realize its resource utilization.

[0003] However, the raw materials are usually mixed with a large number of metal blocks, iron wires, etc., and contain a lot of iron impurities. These iron impurities will settle to the bottom of the molten liquid when they enter the plasma melting furnace, reducing the effective melting space and residence time of the material. This not only reduces the processing capacity and increases the unit energy consumption, but also increases the risk of the molten glass slag failing the heavy metal leaching test.

[0004] Therefore, before the material ions are melted at high temperatures, they need to enter a material pretreatment system for pretreatment processes such as iron removal. This pretreatment system must have efficient iron removal capabilities while ensuring continuous and stable material conveying.

[0005] For example, Chinese patent document (CN 116174454 A) provides a high-temperature melting treatment system for incineration ash from medical waste and hazardous waste, which includes: a pretreatment system, a melting furnace system, and a flue gas treatment system. The pretreatment system includes a first drum screen, a crusher, a magnetic separator, a second drum screen, a dryer, a dry material silo, an auxiliary material silo, and a mixer. The melting furnace system includes a melting furnace and a water-quenched slag removal device. The flue gas treatment system includes a secondary combustion chamber, a quench tower, a dry deacidification tower, an activated carbon injection device, a dust collector, and a wet deacidification tower.

[0006] However, the above-mentioned pretreatment system has limited iron removal effect and cannot meet the requirements of plasma melting process for raw material purity. If a multi-stage iron removal device is added directly, the pretreatment time of the waste residue will be significantly increased, resulting in a lower material preparation effect.

[0007] The relevant technologies do not provide effective solutions to the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0008] 1. Technical problem to be solved by the utility model The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of poor iron removal in existing waste incineration residue melting pretreatment systems.

[0009] 2. Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a pretreatment system for melting incineration residue, comprising: a hopper for storing waste material; a dryer connected to a plasma furnace feed silo; the outlet of the hopper connected to a first vibrating screen feeder, the first vibrating screen feeder including a large material outlet and a small material outlet; the small material outlet connected to a first A-stage iron separator; the first A-stage iron separator connected to the dryer; the large material outlet connected to a first B-stage iron separator, the first B-stage iron separator connected to a coarse crusher; the coarse crusher connected to... A second vibrating screen feeder; the second vibrating screen feeder includes a large particle outlet and a small particle outlet; the small particle outlet is connected to a second A-stage iron separator, the second A-stage iron separator is connected to a dryer; the large particle outlet is connected to a second B-stage iron separator, the second B-stage iron separator is connected to a fine crusher, the fine crusher is connected to the third vibrating screen feeder; the third vibrating screen feeder includes a large material outlet and a small material outlet, the large material outlet is connected to a coarse crusher; the small material outlet is connected to a third A-stage iron separator; the third A-stage iron separator is connected to the dryer.

[0010] Furthermore, the discharge particle size of the coarse crusher is larger than that of the fine crusher.

[0011] Furthermore, the ratio of the discharge particle size of the coarse crusher to the discharge particle size of the fine crusher is greater than 5:1.

[0012] Furthermore, the first Class A iron separator, the second Class A iron separator, and the third Class A iron separator are configured to adsorb iron material within a first particle size range; the first Class B iron separator and the second Class B iron separator are configured to adsorb iron material within a second particle size range, wherein the upper limit of the first particle size range is less than or equal to the lower limit of the second particle size range.

[0013] Furthermore, the dryer is sequentially connected to a bucket elevator, a homogenization bin, and a granulator, and the granulator is connected to the feed hopper in front of the plasma furnace.

[0014] Furthermore, a vibrating screen is installed between the dryer and the bucket elevator.

[0015] Furthermore, a gate valve is connected to the lower outlet of the homogenization bin, and the bidirectional scraper conveyor is located below the gate valve. When the material in the homogenization bin is uneven, the gate valve is closed, and the bidirectional scraper conveyor is operated to transport the material to the bucket elevator for circulating homogenization.

[0016] Furthermore, the coarse crusher is a jaw crusher or a double roll crusher.

[0017] Furthermore, a main belt conveyor is connected to the inlet of the dryer, and the first A-level iron separator, the second A-level iron separator, and the third A-level iron separator are all connected to the dryer via this main belt conveyor.

[0018] Furthermore, the first vibrating screen feeder and the first A-stage iron separator are connected by a first belt conveyor; the first B-stage iron separator and the connecting coarse crusher are connected by a second belt conveyor; the small particle outlet and the second A-stage iron separator are connected by a third belt conveyor; the large particle outlet and the second B-stage iron separator are connected by a fourth belt conveyor; and the small material outlet and the third A-stage iron separator are connected by a fifth belt conveyor.

[0019] 3. Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: The system performs multi-stage screening and iron removal of materials, providing refined processing for materials of different diameters. Circulating crushing lines and iron removal levels are specifically designed for each type of material. Larger diameter materials are selected and repeatedly crushed to quickly remove large iron particles, preventing excessive iron residue due to insufficient crushing. Smaller diameter materials undergo refined iron removal and directly enter subsequent processes, ensuring a consistently efficient and stable material supply and providing homogeneous feed to the plasma furnace. Through the synergistic effect of multi-stage screening and graded iron removal, large particles effectively prevent equipment blockage, reduce the impact of iron on the high-temperature molten environment, and lower equipment wear and operational risks.

[0020] For other beneficial effects, please refer to the detailed implementation section. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the application and to make other features, objects, and advantages of the application more apparent. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation of the application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an incineration residue melting pretreatment system according to some embodiments of this application.

[0022] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Hopper; 2. First vibrating screen feeder; 3. First Class B iron separator; 4. First belt conveyor; 5. First Class A iron separator; 6. Main belt conveyor; 7. Second belt conveyor; 8. Coarse crusher; 9. Second vibrating screen feeder; 10. Fourth belt conveyor; 11. Second Class B iron separator; 12. Third belt conveyor; 13. Second Class A iron separator; 14. Fine crusher; 15. Third vibrating screen feeder; 16. Fifth belt conveyor; 17. Third Class A iron separator; 18. Dryer; 19. Sixth belt conveyor; 20. Bucket elevator; 21. Homogenization silo; 22. Slide valve; 23. Bidirectional scraper conveyor; 24. Granulator; 25. Seventh belt conveyor; 26. Plasma furnace front silo; 27. Eighth belt conveyor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein.

[0025] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the aforementioned terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientation or positional relationship; for example, the term "upper" may in some cases indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a hopper for an incineration residue melting pretreatment system, including a hopper and a dryer. The hopper is used to store waste material. The dryer 18 is connected to the plasma furnace front hopper 26.

[0027] Optionally, the dryer 18 can be a disc dryer or other drying equipment that uses steam as a heat source and is suitable for drying granular materials.

[0028] The outlet of hopper 1 is connected to the first vibrating screen feeder 2, which includes a large material outlet and a small material outlet.

[0029] The small material outlet is connected to the first A-stage iron separator 5. The first A-stage iron separator 5 is connected to the dryer 18. The large material outlet is connected to the first B-stage iron separator 3, and the first B-stage iron separator 3 is connected to the coarse crusher 8.

[0030] The coarse crusher 8 is connected to the second vibrating screen feeder 9. The second vibrating screen feeder 9 includes a large particle outlet and a small particle outlet.

[0031] The small particle outlet is connected to the second-stage A-level iron separator 13, which is connected to the dryer 18.

[0032] The large particle outlet is connected to the second B-stage iron separator 11, which is connected to the fine crusher 14. The fine crusher 14 is connected to the third vibrating screen feeder 15.

[0033] The third vibrating screen feeder 15 includes a large material outlet and a small material outlet.

[0034] The large material outlet is connected to the coarse crusher 8. Thus, the large-diameter material screened out from the large material outlet of the third vibrating screen feeder 15 is returned to the coarse crusher 8 for secondary crushing, realizing a recycling process.

[0035] The small material outlet is connected to the third-stage A-level iron separator 17. The third-stage A-level iron separator 17 is connected to the dryer 18. That is, the small-diameter material in the small material outlet of the third vibrating screen feeder 15 is directly finely ironed and then enters the subsequent process to maintain the supply of granular material for the subsequent plasma high-temperature melting system.

[0036] In this way, materials undergo multi-stage screening and iron removal within the system, allowing for refined processing of materials of different diameters. The system features a specially designed circulating crushing line and iron removal level. Larger diameter materials are selected and repeatedly crushed to quickly remove large-sized iron particles, preventing excessive iron residue due to insufficient crushing. Smaller diameter materials, after refined iron removal, directly enter subsequent processes, ensuring a consistently efficient and stable material supply and providing homogeneous feed to the plasma furnace. Through the synergistic effect of multi-stage screening and graded iron removal, large particles effectively prevent equipment blockage, reduce the impact of iron on the high-temperature molten environment, and lower equipment wear and operational risks.

[0037] As a specific design, the discharge particle size of the coarse crusher 8 is larger than that of the fine crusher 14. Optionally, the coarse crusher crushes the material to a particle size of 80mm-150mm. The fine crusher 14 further crushes the material to a particle size of less than 30mm. Gradual crushing of materials can improve crushing efficiency and prevent equipment jamming.

[0038] Preferably, the ratio of the discharge particle size of the coarse crusher 8 to that of the fine crusher 14 is greater than 5:1. For example, the coarse crusher crushes the material to a particle size of less than 100mm, and the fine crusher 14 further crushes the material to less than 10mm, thereby creating sufficient conditions for the A-level iron separator for fine iron removal.

[0039] Preferably, the first A-stage iron separator 5, the second A-stage iron separator 13, and the third A-stage iron separator 17 are configured to adsorb iron material within a first particle size range. The first B-stage iron separator 3 and the second B-stage iron separator 11 are configured to adsorb iron material within a second particle size range, wherein the upper limit of the first particle size range is less than or equal to the lower limit of the second particle size range. This graded configuration allows for efficient removal of iron material in segments according to particle size, rapidly removing large-diameter iron material while preventing the accumulation of fine metal particles in the system, thereby significantly reducing electrode wear and the risk of furnace nodule formation during plasma melting.

[0040] In a specific configuration, the dryer 18 is sequentially connected to a bucket elevator 20, a homogenization chamber 21, and a granulator 24. The granulator 24 is connected to the inlet hopper 26 of the plasma furnace. The bucket elevator 20 vertically lifts the dried material to the homogenization chamber 21. The homogenization chamber 21, through its internal structural design, achieves uniform regulation of material composition and moisture content, further improving the consistency of the feed material. The granulator 24 compresses the homogenized material into granular material with a concentrated particle size distribution, significantly enhancing its pyrolysis efficiency and combustion stability in the plasma furnace. Finally, the granular material is conveyed into the inlet hopper 26 of the plasma furnace, providing a continuous and homogeneous fuel supply for subsequent high-temperature melting.

[0041] Preferably, a vibrating screen is installed between the dryer 18 and the bucket elevator 20. The vibrating screen is used to remove extremely fine powder generated during the drying process, making the particle size of the material entering the homogenization chamber 21 more concentrated.

[0042] Furthermore, a gate valve 22 is connected to the lower outlet of the homogenization bin 21, and a bidirectional scraper conveyor 23 is installed below the gate valve 22. When the material in the homogenization bin 21 is uneven, the gate valve 22 is closed, and the bidirectional scraper conveyor 23 is operated to transport the material to the bucket elevator 20 for circulation and homogenization.

[0043] Furthermore, all material transport within the system utilizes belt conveyors. Specifically, the first vibrating screen feeder 2 and the first A-stage iron separator 5 are connected via a first belt conveyor 4. The first B-stage iron separator 3 and the connecting coarse crusher 8 are connected via a second belt conveyor 7. The small particle outlet and the second A-stage iron separator 13 are connected via a third belt conveyor 12. The large particle outlet and the second B-stage iron separator 11 are connected via a fourth belt conveyor 10. The small material outlet and the third A-stage iron separator 17 are connected via a fifth belt conveyor 16. The dryer 18 is connected to the bucket elevator 20 via a sixth belt conveyor 19. The granulator 24 and the plasma furnace front hopper 26 are connected via a seventh belt conveyor 25. The vibrating screen feeder 15 is connected to the coarse crusher 8 via an eighth belt conveyor 27.

[0044] A main belt conveyor 6 is connected to the inlet of the dryer 18. The first A-level iron separator 5, the second A-level iron separator 13, and the third A-level iron separator 17 are all connected to the dryer 18 via this main belt conveyor 6. The main belt conveyor 6 integrates multiple material feeds to ensure efficient convergence and stable delivery of materials after iron removal at each stage to the drying process.

[0045] Optionally, the coarse crusher 8 can be a jaw crusher, a double roll crusher, or a vertical shaft impact crusher, which can be flexibly selected according to the feed characteristics and particle size requirements.

[0046] Further optimized, all iron impurities removed by Class A and Class B iron separators can be collected into an iron filings collection box to achieve resource recycling.

[0047] In one detailed embodiment of this application, the raw material, in bags, is lifted to hopper 1 by an electric hoist. Inside hopper 1, a sharp knife punctures the bags, allowing the material to flow directly into hopper 1. The material is then screened by a first vibrating screen feeder 2 to separate fine and coarse materials. The fine material passes through a first A-stage iron separator 5 on a first belt conveyor 4 and enters the main belt conveyor 6. The coarse material passes through a first B-stage iron separator 3 and a second belt conveyor 7 before entering a coarse crusher 8. The material crushed by the coarse crusher 8 is screened into fine and coarse materials by the second vibrating screen feeder 9. The screened fine material passes through the second A-stage iron separator 13 on the third belt conveyor 12 and enters the main belt conveyor 6. The coarse material enters the fine crusher 14 through the fourth belt conveyor 10 and the second B-stage iron separator 11.

[0048] The material crushed by the fine crusher 14 is screened into coarse and fine materials by the vibrating screen feeder 15. The coarse material is returned to the coarse crusher 8 by the eighth belt conveyor 27, and the screened fine material is sent to the belt conveyor 6 by the third A-level iron remover 17 on the fifth belt conveyor 16.

[0049] All materials passing through the Class A iron remover are conveyed to the dryer 18 via belt conveyor 6. Using low-temperature steam for indirect heating, the material is dried until its moisture content is less than a specified value, for example, 5%. The dried material is then fed into the homogenization bin 21 via the sixth belt conveyor 19 and bucket elevator 20. After homogenization, the material is sent to the granulator 24 to produce granules of suitable strength. The granules are then conveyed to the plasma furnace feed hopper 26 via the seventh belt conveyor 25, with precise feeding according to the plasma furnace's requirements.

[0050] The incineration residue melting pretreatment system can continuously and stably complete the processes of iron removal, crushing, drying, homogenization, and granulation of the raw residue, ultimately producing granular residue raw materials with stable composition, uniform particle size, and clean dryness. These materials are then stably transported to the plasma furnace, thereby significantly improving melting efficiency, reducing energy consumption, extending furnace life, and ensuring the quality of the final product. In this application, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," "linking," and "socketing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure. They can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. They can refer to a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A pretreatment system for melting incineration residue, comprising: Hopper (1), the hopper being used to store waste materials; Dryer (18) is connected to the plasma furnace front hopper (26); Its features are: The outlet of the hopper (1) is connected to the first vibrating screen feeder (2), which includes a large material outlet and a small material outlet; The small material outlet is connected to the first A-level iron separator (5); the first A-level iron separator (5) is connected to the dryer (18); The large material outlet is connected to the first B-stage iron separator (3), which is connected to the coarse crusher (8); the coarse crusher (8) is connected to the second vibrating screen feeder (9); the second vibrating screen feeder (9) includes a large particle outlet and a small particle outlet; The small particle outlet is connected to the second A-stage iron separator (13), and the second A-stage iron separator (13) is connected to the dryer (18). The large particle outlet is connected to the second B-stage iron separator (11), the second B-stage iron separator (11) is connected to the fine crusher (14), and the fine crusher (14) is connected to the third vibrating screen feeder (15). The third vibrating screen feeder (15) includes a large material outlet and a small material outlet, and the large material outlet is connected to the coarse crusher (8). The small material outlet is connected to the third-level A-grade iron separator (17); the third-level A-grade iron separator (17) is connected to the dryer (18).

2. The incineration residue melting pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge particle size of the coarse crusher (8) is greater than that of the fine crusher (14).

3. The incineration residue melting pretreatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratio of the discharge particle size of the coarse crusher (8) to the discharge particle size of the fine crusher (14) is greater than 5:

1.

4. The incineration residue melting pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first Class A iron separator (5), the second Class A iron separator (13) and the third Class A iron separator (17) are configured to adsorb iron material in the first particle size range; The first B-level iron separator (3) and the second B-level iron separator (11) are configured to adsorb iron material in a second particle size range, wherein the upper limit of the first particle size range is less than or equal to the lower limit of the second particle size range.

5. The incineration residue melting pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dryer (18) is connected in sequence to a bucket elevator (20), a homogenization bin (21) and a granulator (24), and the granulator (24) is connected to the inlet silo (26) of the plasma furnace.

6. The incineration residue melting pretreatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A vibrating screen is provided between the dryer (18) and the bucket elevator (20).

7. The incineration residue melting pretreatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower outlet of the homogenization bin (21) is connected to a slide gate valve (22), and a bidirectional scraper conveyor (23) is installed below the slide gate valve (22). When the material in the homogenization bin (21) is not uniform, the slide gate valve (22) is closed, and the bidirectional scraper conveyor (23) is operated to transport the material to the bucket elevator (20) for circulation homogenization.

8. The incineration residue melting pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coarse crusher (8) is a jaw crusher or a double roll crusher.

9. The incineration residue melting pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dryer (18) is connected to a main belt conveyor (6) at its inlet. The first A-level iron separator (5), the second A-level iron separator (13) and the third A-level iron separator (17) are all connected to the dryer (18) via the main belt conveyor (6).

10. The incineration residue melting pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first vibrating screen feeder (2) and the first Class A iron remover (5) are connected by the first belt conveyor (4); The first B-stage iron separator (3) and the connecting coarse crusher (8) are connected by a second belt conveyor (7). The small particle outlet and the second-level A iron separator (13) are connected by a third belt conveyor (12); The large particle outlet and the second B-stage iron separator (11) are connected via a fourth belt conveyor (10); The small material outlet is connected to the third-level A iron separator (17) via the fifth belt conveyor (16).

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