Organic solid waste pyrolysis device suitable for different materials

Abstract

The utility model discloses an organic solid waste cracking device suitable for different materials relates to cracking device technical field, including sleeve, adjusting mechanism and drive mechanism, the top of one end of sleeve is provided with the feeding opening, and the middle or middle upper portion of the other end of sleeve is provided with the discharge gate, adjusting mechanism includes adjusting plate, and adjusting plate is located at the discharge gate, and can slide along the height direction of discharge gate, drive mechanism is connected with adjusting plate and adjusts the position of adjusting plate in height direction. Organic solid waste enters the sleeve and carries out high temperature cracking. According to the different cracking time of different categories of organic solid waste, the opening and closing size of discharge gate is changed through adjusting plate, the height position of the bottom of discharge gate is adjusted, and the accumulation height of organic solid waste is controlled, when the material accumulation is matched with the height of the bottom of discharge gate, will naturally from the discharge gate discharge sleeve. The cracking demand of different materials can be adapted, avoid cracking deficiency or time is too long, improve the processing quality and efficiency of organic solid waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pyrolysis equipment technology, and in particular to an organic solid waste pyrolysis equipment suitable for different materials. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature pyrolysis clean treatment technology for organic solid waste, with "energy saving, environmental protection, and low carbon" as its core competitiveness, demonstrates strong versatility in the field of organic solid waste and hazardous waste treatment. Its treatment scope covers a wide range of wastes: including common industrial and domestic wastes such as waste plastics, leather, rubber, waste paper, and fiberglass resin; it can also efficiently treat agricultural and forestry biomass and dry waste after sorting from household waste; and it can precisely adapt to the treatment needs of special solid wastes such as medical waste, industrial hazardous waste, and municipal sludge, achieving multi-scenario coverage.

[0003] The core pyrolysis principle of this technology is as follows: A pyrolysis furnace is used as the core processing equipment to precisely heat organic solid waste; simultaneously, a specific reaction atmosphere of vacuum, near-vacuum, or inert gas is created. Under these synergistic conditions, organic solid waste can be efficiently converted into three core products: liquid hydrocarbons, gaseous hydrocarbons, and carbon black. This process not only achieves comprehensive and harmless treatment of organic solid waste but also transforms waste into recyclable resources, truly realizing the secondary utilization goal of "reduction—harmlessness—resource recovery."

[0004] However, in actual high-temperature pyrolysis operations, the composition, density, and moisture content of different types of organic solid waste vary significantly, resulting in substantial differences in the optimal pyrolysis time required. Existing pyrolysis devices lack time control mechanisms for different materials: insufficient pyrolysis time easily leads to incomplete decomposition of organic solid waste, leaving harmful residues; extending the time to pursue complete pyrolysis increases energy consumption and reduces the overall processing efficiency of the device, creating a dilemma where "pyrolysis effect" and "processing efficiency" are difficult to balance. Therefore, developing an organic solid waste pyrolysis device that can adapt to different material characteristics and precisely control the pyrolysis time has become an urgent need to overcome current technological bottlenecks and improve processing quality and efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the above technical problems, this utility model provides an organic solid waste pyrolysis device suitable for different materials, which can adjust the pyrolysis time for different materials to improve the treatment quality and efficiency of organic solid waste.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution: This utility model provides an organic solid waste pyrolysis device suitable for different materials, comprising: A sleeve, wherein a feeding port is provided at the top of one end of the sleeve, and a discharge port is provided at the middle or upper part of the other end of the sleeve; An adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment plate located at the discharge port and capable of sliding along the height direction of the discharge port; A drive mechanism is connected to the adjustment plate to adjust the position of the adjustment plate in the height direction.

[0007] Optionally, a guide rail is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the adjusting plate is slidably disposed on the guide rail.

[0008] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a rack, a gear, and a transmission rod. The rack is arranged along the height direction of the discharge port and is fixedly connected to the adjusting plate. The gear is fixedly arranged at one end of the transmission rod and meshes with the rack for transmission. The other end of the transmission rod is connected to a power source.

[0009] Optionally, the power source includes a handwheel or a drive motor.

[0010] Optionally, the sleeve includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the inner sleeve being disposed inside the outer sleeve, and the adjusting plate being disposed on the inner sleeve.

[0011] Optionally, a guide plate is provided on the outer wall of the inner sleeve.

[0012] Optionally, fins are provided on the lower middle part of the outer side wall of the inner sleeve.

[0013] Optionally, the inner sleeve includes a side plate and a cylindrical plate, with a side plate provided at each end of the cylindrical plate, and a buffer plate provided between the edge of the side plate and the cylindrical plate.

[0014] Optionally, the buffer plate is an arc-shaped plate.

[0015] Optionally, the sleeve is provided with a plurality of shovels, each shovel including a shovel head, the shovel head including a stirring part and a propulsion part, the extension direction of the stirring part being parallel to the axial direction of the sleeve, the extension direction of the propulsion part being perpendicular to the axial direction of the sleeve, and the propulsion part being located at the end of the stirring part near the feeding port.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical advantages over the prior art: When using the organic solid waste pyrolysis device for different materials provided by this utility model, the organic solid waste first enters the sleeve through the feeding port. The high-temperature environment preset inside the sleeve causes a continuous high-temperature pyrolysis reaction on the material. To address the differentiated pyrolysis times required for different types of organic solid waste, a drive mechanism provides power to drive the adjusting plate, changing both the opening and closing size of the discharge port and the height of the bottom of the discharge port. This directly controls the accumulation height of the organic solid waste inside the sleeve. When the material accumulates to a position matching the height of the bottom of the discharge port, it will naturally be discharged from the sleeve. By adjusting the opening and closing size of the discharge port and the bottom height to control the material residence time, the pyrolysis requirements of different materials can be precisely adapted. This avoids incomplete treatment due to insufficient pyrolysis time and inefficiency due to excessive time, effectively improving the treatment quality and overall efficiency of organic solid waste. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the organic solid waste pyrolysis device applicable to different materials according to this utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the organic solid waste pyrolysis device of this utility model when the discharge port is fully open. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the organic solid waste pyrolysis device of this utility model when the discharge port is fully open. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the organic solid waste pyrolysis device applicable to different materials according to this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first type of shovel in the organic solid waste pyrolysis device applicable to different materials according to this utility model; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point AA; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of shovel in the organic solid waste pyrolysis device applicable to different materials according to this utility model.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Outer sleeve; 2. Inner sleeve; 3. Feed port; 4. Adjusting plate; 5. Discharge pipe; 6. Discharge port; 7. Discharge outlet; 8. Guide plate; 9. Shovel; 10. Fin; 11. High-temperature flue gas; 21. Side plate; 22. Buffer plate; 23. Tube plate; 91. Shovel handle; 92. Mounting hole; 93. Shovel head. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] Example 1: like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment provides an organic solid waste pyrolysis device suitable for different materials, including: A sleeve, with a feeding port 3 at the top of one end and a discharge port 6 at the middle or upper middle of the other end; The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment plate 4, which is located at the discharge port 6 and can slide along the height direction of the discharge port 6. The drive mechanism is connected to the adjustment plate 4 to adjust the position of the adjustment plate 4 in the height direction.

[0022] To enable the adjusting plate 4 to slide along the height direction of the discharge port 6, a guide rail is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the adjusting plate 4 is slidably mounted on the guide rail. Alternatively, a sandwich plate can be provided on the inner or outer wall of the sleeve, with a sliding space reserved between the sandwich plate and the sleeve wall, allowing the adjusting plate 4 to slide within the sliding space.

[0023] When using the organic solid waste pyrolysis device for different materials provided by this utility model, the organic solid waste first enters the sleeve through the feed port 3. The high-temperature environment preset inside the sleeve continuously pyrolyzes the material. To address the differentiated pyrolysis times required for different types of organic solid waste, a drive mechanism provides power to drive the adjusting plate 4, changing both the opening and closing size of the discharge port 6 and the height of its bottom, thus directly controlling the accumulation height of the organic solid waste inside the sleeve. When the material accumulates to a position matching the height of the bottom of the discharge port 6, it will naturally be discharged from the sleeve through the discharge port 6. By adjusting the opening and closing size and bottom height of the discharge port 6, the material residence time can be controlled, precisely adapting to the pyrolysis requirements of different materials. This avoids incomplete treatment due to insufficient pyrolysis time and inefficiency due to excessive time, effectively improving the treatment quality and overall efficiency of organic solid waste.

[0024] The drive mechanism includes a rack, a gear, and a transmission rod. The rack is positioned along the height of the discharge port 6 and is fixedly connected to the adjusting plate 4. The gear is fixedly mounted on one end of the transmission rod and meshes with the rack for transmission. The other end of the transmission rod is connected to a power source. The power source drives the transmission rod to rotate, which in turn drives the gear to rotate. The meshing of the gear and rack enables the rack to move. The movement of the rack causes the adjusting plate 4 to move synchronously. Since the rack is positioned along the height of the discharge port 6, the movement of the adjusting plate 4 changes its position relative to the discharge port 6, thereby adjusting the opening and closing size of the discharge port 6 and the minimum discharge height. This, in turn, changes the maximum accumulation height of the material within the sleeve and the residence time of the material within the sleeve, adapting to the pyrolysis requirements of different materials.

[0025] The drive mechanism can also use a chain drive device, employing a closed-loop chain. At least one link of the chain is fixedly connected to the adjusting plate 4 or rotatably hinged. Two guide sprockets are set outside the sleeve, one of which is located above the bottom of the discharge port 6, and the other is located near the bottom of the sleeve. The distance between the two guide sprockets is greater than the distance in the height direction of the discharge port 6. When the sleeve is a cylindrical structure, the distance between the two guide sprockets is greater than the arc length of the discharge port 6 in the height direction. Thus, the drive rod driven by the power source rotates the drive sprocket. Through the transmission connection between the drive sprocket and the chain, the chain rotates around the drive sprocket and the two guide sprockets, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the adjusting plate 4 to change the opening and closing size of the discharge port 6 and the minimum discharge height of the discharge port 6.

[0026] The power source includes a handwheel or a drive motor. A braking mechanism can also be provided to control whether the transmission rod can rotate. After the adjusting plate 4 is adjusted to the desired height, the braking mechanism locks the transmission rod, so that the position of the adjusting plate 4 can be kept fixed.

[0027] A discharge port 7 is provided at the bottom or lower part of the other end of the sleeve. The discharge port 7 is located within the coverage area of ​​the adjusting plate 4. After the adjusting plate 4 completely covers the discharge port 6, it can also completely cover the discharge port 7, so that when the discharge port 6 is in its minimum open position, the material will not leak from the discharge port 7. When it is necessary to completely empty the inside of the sleeve, the adjusting plate 4 can be moved upward, so that the adjusting plate 4 no longer covers the discharge port 7. Thus, all the material inside the sleeve can be discharged through the discharge port 7, realizing the emptying of the inside of the sleeve, so as to facilitate the maintenance and repair of the sleeve.

[0028] Both the discharge port 6 and the discharge port 7 are connected to the discharge pipe 5, through which the pyrolyzed material is transported to the next process unit.

[0029] The sleeve includes an inner sleeve 2 and an outer sleeve 1. The inner sleeve 2 is located inside the outer sleeve 1, and an adjusting plate 4 is located on the inner sleeve 2. The adjusting plate 4 can be located on the inner wall of the inner sleeve 2 or on the outer wall of the sleeve, as long as it allows the adjusting plate 4 to slide along the arc-shaped wall of the inner sleeve 2 to adjust the size of the discharge port 6. More specifically, taking the adjusting plate 4 located on the inner wall of the inner sleeve 2 as an example, two parallel slide rails are provided on the inner wall of the inner sleeve 2 between the discharge port 6 and the discharge port 7. The distance between the two parallel slide rails is greater than the width of the discharge port 6 and the discharge port 7, and they are located outside the connecting line on both sides of the discharge port 6 and the discharge port 7. The adjusting plate 4 is slidably mounted on the slide rails, so that the adjusting plate 4 can completely cover the discharge port 6 and the discharge port 7, and can also slide on the slide rails to change the size of the discharge port 6 or open the discharge port 7.

[0030] A guide plate 8 is provided on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 2. The guide plate 8 has a spiral structure. The high-temperature flue gas 11 flowing between the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 1 can flow in the spiral direction under the guidance of the guide plate 8, so that the high-temperature flue gas 11 can fully exchange heat with the side wall of the inner sleeve 2, and avoid the high-temperature flue gas 11 from being concentrated in the upper part of the inner sleeve 2, which would cause the upper part of the inner sleeve 2 to be too hot and the lower part to be too cold.

[0031] To further reduce the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the inner sleeve 2, fins 10 are provided on the lower middle part of the outer wall of the inner sleeve 2. The fins 10 increase the heat exchange area with the high-temperature flue gas 11, thereby transferring more heat to the lower middle part of the inner sleeve 2 as the high-temperature flue gas 11 flows through it, thus increasing the temperature of the lower middle part of the inner sleeve 2. Since the material mainly exists at the bottom of the inner sleeve 2 after entering it, increasing the temperature of the lower middle part of the inner sleeve 2 is beneficial for heating the material, allowing more and faster heat from the high-temperature flue gas 11 to be used for the high-temperature pyrolysis of the material, instead of causing most of the heat to accumulate in the upper part of the inner sleeve 2 and outer sleeve 1, resulting in heat waste.

[0032] The inner sleeve 2 includes a side plate 21 and a cylindrical plate 23. A side plate 21 is provided at each end of the cylindrical plate 23, and a buffer plate 22 is provided between the edge of the side plate 21 and the cylindrical plate 23. Due to uneven temperature distribution between the upper and lower parts of the inner sleeve 2, the upper and lower parts expand differently after heating. This difference in expansion may cause the side plate 21 to deform or the connection between the side plate 21 and the cylindrical plate 23 to break. The elastic deformation of the buffer plate 22 can counteract the thermal stress deformation of the upper and lower parts of the inner sleeve 2, thus maintaining the sealing and integrity of the inner sleeve 2.

[0033] The buffer plate 22 is an arc-shaped plate. The arc-shaped plate can be made of the same metal as the side plate 21 and the cylindrical plate 23, such as stainless steel. The buffer plate 22 can also be a C-shaped plate, as long as the shape of the buffer plate 22 can adapt to the thermal stress deformation of the upper and lower parts of the inner sleeve 2.

[0034] The buffer plate 22 can also be made of an elastic material with high temperature resistance, such as polysilazane polymer.

[0035] The sleeve is provided with multiple shovels 9, each shovel 9 including a shovel head 93. The shovel head 93 includes a stirring part and a pushing part. The extending direction of the stirring part is parallel to the axial direction of the sleeve, and the extending direction of the pushing part is perpendicular to the axial direction of the sleeve. The pushing part is located at the end of the stirring part near the feeding port 3.

[0036] Multiple scrapers 9 are mounted on the same rotating shaft via connecting rods. The rotating shaft is driven by an external drive device, causing the scrapers 9 to rotate around the shaft. This allows the scrapers 9 to stir the material inside the sleeve and push the material through the propulsion part, enabling the material to move from the feed port 3 towards the discharge port 6. A scraper handle 91 is provided at the end of the scraper head 93 facing the connecting rod. The scraper handle 91 has mounting holes 92, which can be multiple elongated holes or multiple sets of connecting holes. These holes are used to adjust the distance between the scraper 9 and the inner wall of the inner sleeve 2. This allows the scraper 9 to remove material adhering to the inner wall of the inner sleeve 2 without damaging it. Furthermore, the distance between the scraper 9 and the inner wall of the inner sleeve 2 can be adjusted according to the type of material, adapting to materials of different viscosities and hardnesses.

[0037] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that this utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Therefore, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this utility model, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0038] This specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. An organic solid waste pyrolysis device suitable for different materials, characterized in that, include: A sleeve, wherein a feeding port (3) is provided at the top of one end of the sleeve, and a discharge port (6) is provided at the middle or upper part of the other end of the sleeve. The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment plate (4) located at the discharge port (6) and capable of sliding along the height direction of the discharge port (6); The drive mechanism is connected to the adjustment plate (4) to adjust the position of the adjustment plate (4) in the height direction.

2. The organic solid waste pyrolysis device applicable to different materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a guide rail, and the adjusting plate (4) is slidably disposed on the guide rail.

3. The organic solid waste pyrolysis device applicable to different materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving mechanism includes a rack, a gear, and a transmission rod. The rack is arranged along the height direction of the discharge port (6) and is fixedly connected to the adjusting plate (4). The gear is fixedly arranged at one end of the transmission rod and meshes with the rack for transmission. The other end of the transmission rod is connected to a power source.

4. The organic solid waste pyrolysis device applicable to different materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power source includes a handwheel or a drive motor.

5. The organic solid waste pyrolysis device applicable to different materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeve includes an inner sleeve (2) and an outer sleeve (1), with the inner sleeve (2) located inside the outer sleeve (1) and the adjusting plate (4) located on the inner sleeve (2).

6. The organic solid waste pyrolysis device applicable to different materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, A guide plate (8) is provided on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (2).

7. The organic solid waste pyrolysis device applicable to different materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower middle part of the outer wall of the inner sleeve (2) is provided with fins (10).

8. The organic solid waste pyrolysis device applicable to different materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner sleeve (2) includes a side plate (21) and a cylindrical plate (23). A side plate (21) is provided at both ends of the cylindrical plate (23). A buffer plate (22) is provided between the edge of the side plate (21) and the cylindrical plate (23). The elastic deformation of the buffer plate (22) can offset the thermal stress deformation between the side plate (21) and the cylindrical plate (23).

9. The organic solid waste pyrolysis device applicable to different materials according to claim 8, characterized in that, The buffer plate (22) is an arc-shaped plate.

10. The organic solid waste pyrolysis device applicable to different materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeve is provided with a plurality of shovels (9), each shovel (9) including a shovel head, the shovel head including a stirring part and a pushing part, the extension direction of the stirring part being parallel to the axial direction of the sleeve, the extension direction of the pushing part being perpendicular to the axial direction of the sleeve, and the pushing part being located at the end of the stirring part near the feeding port (3).

Images