A high degree of freedom multi-dimensional ultrasonic energy field assisted laser additive manufacturing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of high degree of freedom's multi-dimensional ultrasonic energy field auxiliary laser additive manufacturing device, by circumferential pivot, driven gear, radial adjustment sliding rail, radial adjustment retainer, guide rod and arc track slot composition radial distance adjusting device, laser cladding processing before and during laser cladding can be realized ultrasonic transducer perpendicular to laser cladding head axis direction on the movement and around laser cladding head axis's circumferential rotation adjustment, while ultrasonic transducer can also be realized along laser cladding head axis direction's up and down movement, and angle adjustment in vertical plane (laser cladding device axis lies plane), can be adapted to ultrasonic transducer according to processing requirement and adjust.This multidimensional free adjustment capability, so that ultrasonic energy field can be accurately applied in suitable position according to different processing workpiece and process requirement, to effectively optimize ultrasonic energy field to the auxiliary effect of laser cladding process, further improve processing quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser cladding and energy field-assisted technology, specifically a high-degree-of-freedom multidimensional ultrasonic energy field-assisted laser additive manufacturing device. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cladding is a cutting-edge surface engineering method that uses a high-energy laser beam to melt and rapidly solidify metal powder and substrate surface materials, forming a dense metallurgically bonded coating. This technology can repair high-value components, extend their service life, and reduce costs. It can also endow ordinary substrates with superior surface properties to meet the demands of extreme working conditions. As an additive manufacturing technology, it can precisely control the coating morphology and composition, with low heat input and minimal impact on the thermal deformation of the substrate.

[0003] To improve the quality and performance of laser cladding coatings, researchers have introduced ultrasonic energy field-assisted technology. This technology involves applying high-frequency mechanical vibrations during the laser cladding process to create an acoustic energy field. Its core function stems from acoustic cavitation and acoustic flow effects, which can refine the microstructure, reduce defects, alleviate segregation, relax residual internal stress, enhance metallurgical bonding strength, and optimize surface quality. However, non-contact ultrasonic energy field-assisted laser cladding requires the in-situ synchronous application of ultrasonic energy fields to control the quality of the processed parts. Furthermore, to further improve processing quality, it is sometimes necessary to apply multi-dimensional ultrasound synchronously in situ. How to adjust the application angles, distances, and other parameters of multiple ultrasonic energy fields is a problem that urgently needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-degree-of-freedom multidimensional ultrasonic energy field-assisted laser additive manufacturing device, which can adjust positional parameters such as the horizontal and vertical distances between the applied ultrasonic energy field and the workpiece, as well as the vertical angle between them, as needed, thus solving the problems in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: a high-degree-of-freedom multidimensional ultrasonic energy field-assisted laser additive manufacturing device, including a vertically arranged laser cladding device, a circumferential rotating shaft installed on the top of the laser cladding device, a base plate and a driven gear that can rotate relative to each other installed on the outer periphery of the circumferential rotating shaft, the base plate being located between the laser cladding device and the driven gear, wherein the outer periphery of the base plate is provided with several radially adjustable slide rails arranged in a circle, each radially adjustable slide rail being fitted with a radially adjustable retainer that can telescopically move, the radially adjustable retainer located in the radially adjustable slide rail being provided with a protruding guide rod, and the radially adjustable slide rail being provided with a clearance groove that cooperates with the guide rod. The driven gear has arc-shaped track grooves that mate with each guide rod. A fastening knob is installed at the end of each guide rod extending out of the arc-shaped track groove. Rotating the fastening knob locks the guide rod within the arc-shaped track groove. A rotatable ultrasonic transducer is installed at the end of the radial adjustment retainer extending out of the radial adjustment slide rail. The ultrasonic transducer can vertically move up and down along the axial direction of the laser cladding device. The axis of rotation of the ultrasonic transducer is perpendicular to the central axis of the laser cladding device. When the driven gear rotates, it drives the radial adjustment retainer to extend and retract through the mating arc-shaped track grooves and guide rods, adjusting the radial distance between each ultrasonic transducer and the laser cladding device. A robotic arm connecting flange is also installed on the laser cladding device. A drive motor is mounted on the base plate, and a driving gear meshing with the driven gear is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor. Starting the drive motor causes the driven gear to rotate relative to the circumferential shaft. The radial adjustment retainer has an arc-shaped frame installed at the end extending from the radial adjustment slide rail. When the radial adjustment retainer retracts, the arc-shaped frame forms a complete circle. Vertically arranged sliding guide rails are installed on the outer circumference of each arc-shaped frame. The sliding guide rails are arranged parallel to the central axis of the laser cladding device. A matching guide rail slider is installed on the sliding guide rail, and a hinge support is installed on the guide rail slider. A rotatable clamping clamp is installed inside the hinge support, and an ultrasonic transducer is installed inside the clamping clamp. A first locking screw is installed on the guide rail slider, and rotating the first locking screw can fix the guide rail slider on the sliding guide rail. A second locking screw is installed on the hinge support, and rotating the second locking screw can lock the clamping clamp at a set angle inside the hinge support. The end of the ultrasonic transducer is provided with a damping shock absorber rod, and the end of the damping shock absorber rod away from the ultrasonic transducer is provided with a damping shock absorber clamping handle, which is located inside the clamping clamp. The laser cladding device includes a laser cladding head and internal laser cladding pipelines. A connecting flange is installed on the top of the laser cladding device and is fixedly connected to a circumferential rotating shaft. The robotic arm connecting flange is located on one side of the laser cladding device.

[0006] The positive effects of this invention are as follows: The high-degree-of-freedom multidimensional ultrasonic energy field-assisted laser additive manufacturing device of this invention comprises a radial distance adjustment device consisting of a circumferential rotating shaft, a driven gear, a radial adjustment slide rail, a radial adjustment retainer, a guide rod, and an arc-shaped track groove. This device enables the ultrasonic transducer to move perpendicularly to the axis of the laser cladding head and to rotate circumferentially around the axis of the laser cladding head before and during laser cladding. Simultaneously, the ultrasonic transducer can also move up and down along the axis of the laser cladding head and adjust its angle in the vertical plane (the plane containing the axis of the laser cladding device). This allows for adaptive adjustment of the ultrasonic transducer according to processing requirements. This multidimensional adjustment capability allows the ultrasonic energy field to be precisely applied to the appropriate position according to different workpieces and process requirements, thereby effectively optimizing the auxiliary effect of the ultrasonic energy field on the laser cladding process and further improving processing quality. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the front view of this utility model; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Top view; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A bottom view; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 An enlarged view of the sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the ultrasonic transducer on the clamp; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the laser cladding device; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the utility model installed on a robotic arm. Detailed Implementation

[0008] This utility model describes a high-degree-of-freedom, multi-dimensional ultrasonic energy field-assisted laser additive manufacturing device, such as... Figure 1-5 As shown, it includes a vertically arranged laser cladding device 4, which is equipped with radial distance adjustment function, axial distance adjustment function, and ultrasonic tool head angle adjustment function. When the ultrasonic auxiliary energy field is applied, the distance between the applied ultrasonic energy field and the workpiece in the horizontal and vertical directions can be adjusted. The vertical angle between the ultrasonic transducer and the workpiece can be adjusted. Two-dimensional, three-dimensional or multi-dimensional ultrasonic energy fields can be selected to assist laser cladding processing as needed. The horizontal angle between the auxiliary energy field and the workpiece can be adjusted by rotating each ultrasonic transducer as needed.

[0009] A circumferential rotating shaft 17 is installed on the top of the laser cladding device 4. A base plate 1 and a driven gear 13 that can rotate relative to each other are installed on the outer periphery of the circumferential rotating shaft 17. The base plate 1 is located between the laser cladding device 4 and the driven gear 13. The driven gear 13 can rotate relative to the base plate 1, and the driven gear 13 can also rotate synchronously with the base plate 1.

[0010] The base plate 1 has several radially adjustable slide rails 14 arranged in a circular pattern on its outer periphery. Each radially adjustable slide rail 14 is fitted with a retractable radially adjustable retainer 12. To drive the movement of the radially adjustable retainer 12 relative to the radially adjustable slide rail 14, the radially adjustable retainer 12 located within the radially adjustable slide rail 14 has a protruding guide rod 16. The radially adjustable slide rail 14 has a clearance groove 2 that mates with the guide rod 16. The driven gear 13 has an arc-shaped track groove 18 that mates with each guide rod 16. A fastening knob 15 is installed at one end of the guide rod 16 that extends out of the arc-shaped track groove 18. Rotating the fastening knob 15 locks the guide rod 16 within the arc-shaped track groove 18. When the fastening knob 15 is loosened, the driven gear 13 rotates, which drives the guide rod 16 to move through the arc-shaped track groove 18, thereby achieving the retractable movement of the radially adjustable retainer 12 within the radially adjustable slide rail 14.

[0011] A rotatable ultrasonic transducer 10 is installed at one end of the radial adjustment retainer 12 extending out of the radial adjustment slide rail 14. The above structure forms a radial distance adjustment device for the ultrasonic transducer 10. The rotation of the driven gear 13 drives the radial adjustment retainer 12 to extend and retract, thereby adjusting the radial distance between the ultrasonic transducer 10 and the laser cladding device 4.

[0012] In addition, the ultrasonic transducer 10 can be vertically raised and lowered along the axis of the laser cladding device 4. The axis of rotation of the ultrasonic transducer 10 is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the laser cladding device 4. The vertical raising and lowering of the ultrasonic transducer 10 can be achieved by existing electric push rods or telescopic cylinders. The rotation of the ultrasonic transducer 10 can be achieved by mounting it on the output shaft of an existing rotary motor, or by using a hydraulic pump as power and a transmission device such as a crank-connecting rod mechanism.

[0013] The laser cladding device 4 is also equipped with a robotic arm connecting flange 21, on which a robotic arm is connected. The robotic arm can move the device to the workpiece to be processed and keep the position of the laser cladding device 4 relatively stationary during the processing. Before processing, the radial distance, axial distance and rotation angle of the ultrasonic transducer 10 relative to the laser cladding device 4 can be adaptively adjusted according to the processing requirements to ensure that the extended line of the axis of the ultrasonic transducer 10 intersects the extended line of the axis of the laser cladding device 4 at a point and falls on the surface of the workpiece to be processed.

[0014] The base plate 1 and the radial adjustment slide rail 14 can rotate relative to the laser cladding device 4. Combined with the radial distance adjustment device, the radial distance (vertical direction of the laser cladding device axis) between the ultrasonic auxiliary energy field and the workpiece can be adjusted before and during the laser cladding process. The multidimensional ultrasonic auxiliary energy field can be applied in situ simultaneously during the laser cladding process, and the angle between the multidimensional ultrasonic auxiliary energy field and the workpiece on the horizontal plane (perpendicular to the plane of the laser cladding device axis) can be adjusted.

[0015] Furthermore, to drive the rotation of the driven gear 13, a drive motor 24 is mounted on the base plate 1. A drive gear 19, meshing with the driven gear 13, is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 24. When the drive motor 24 starts, it drives the driven gear 13 to rotate relative to the circumferential shaft 17. When the drive gear 19 drives the driven gear 13 to rotate, the guide rod 16 moves along the arc-shaped track groove 18 inside the driven gear 13 in a curved motion. Simultaneously, the guide rod 16 drives the radial adjustment retainer 12 to move linearly along the radial adjustment slide rail 14. This achieves radial distance adjustment between the ultrasonic transducer 10 and the laser cladding workpiece, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the laser cladding device 4.

[0016] When the locking knob 15 is tightened, the guide rod 16 can be locked in the arc-shaped track groove 18, achieving relative locking between the radial adjustment retainer 12 and the driven gear 13, thus fixing the radial distance between the ultrasonic transducer 10 and the workpiece. When the radial distance needs to be adjusted, the locking knob 15 can be loosened, allowing the driven gear 13 to drive the radial adjustment retainer 12 to extend and retract.

[0017] The radial adjustment slide rail 14 can rotate relative to the circumferential rotating shaft 17. When the radial distance is adjusted to the correct position and the locking knob 15 is tightened, the radial adjustment slide rail 14 and the driven gear 13 can rotate together to adjust the horizontal plane between the multidimensional ultrasonic assisted energy field and the workpiece, i.e., the angular position perpendicular to the plane of the laser cladding device axis. In addition, an appropriate number of radial adjustment holders 12 and radial adjustment slide rails 14 can be selected to apply a suitable multidimensional ultrasonic assisted energy field as needed.

[0018] Furthermore, to achieve the vertical lifting and rotation of the ultrasonic transducer 10, an arc-shaped frame 3 is installed at the end of the radial adjustment retainer 12 extending from the radial adjustment slide rail 14. When the radial adjustment retainer 12 retracts, the arc-shaped frame 3 forms a complete circle, thereby limiting the movement during retraction. Vertically arranged sliding guide rails 5 are installed on the outer circumferential surface of each arc-shaped frame 3. The sliding guide rails 5 are arranged parallel to the central axis of the laser cladding device 4. A matching guide rail slider 6 is installed on the sliding guide rail 5, and the guide rail slider 6 can vertically lift and lower along the sliding guide rail 5.

[0019] A hinge support 11 is installed on the guide rail slider 6, and a rotatable clamping clip 7 is installed inside the hinge support 11. An ultrasonic transducer 10 is installed inside the clamping clip. In order to limit the lifting and lowering movement of the guide rail slider 6 and limit the rotation angle of the ultrasonic transducer 10 inside the clamping clip 7, a first locking screw 25 is installed on the guide rail slider 6. Rotating the first locking screw 25 can fix the guide rail slider 6 on the sliding guide rail 5. A second locking screw 26 is installed on the hinge support 11. Rotating the second locking screw 26 can lock the clamping clip 7 at a set angle inside the hinge support 11.

[0020] The sliding guide rail 5 can be fixed to the outer edge of the arc frame 3 by fastening bolts, thereby allowing for disassembly and assembly as needed to apply a suitable multidimensional ultrasonic-assisted energy field. This structure allows adjustment of the axial distance between the ultrasonic-assisted energy field and the workpiece before and during laser cladding processing, i.e., the axial direction of the laser cladding device. It also allows adjustment of the angle between the multidimensional ultrasonic-assisted energy field and the workpiece on the vertical plane before processing, i.e., the plane containing the axis of the laser cladding device.

[0021] Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer 10 is provided with a damping rod 9 at its end, and a damping clamping handle 8 is provided at the end of the damping rod 9 away from the ultrasonic transducer 10. The damping clamping handle 8 is located inside the clamping clamp 7. The above structure can reduce the vibration generated by the ultrasonic transducer 10. By reducing vibration, the functions of applying the energy field, stabilizing the clamping of the transducer, and protecting the device are stabilized, effectively improving the stability of equipment maintenance and processing.

[0022] Furthermore, the laser cladding device 4 includes a laser cladding head 23 and an internal laser cladding pipeline 22. A connecting flange 20 is installed on the top of the laser cladding device 4, and the connecting flange 20 is fixedly connected to the circumferential rotating shaft 17. The robotic arm connecting flange 21 is located on one side of the laser cladding device 4. The robotic arm is connected to the laser cladding device 4 through the robotic arm connecting flange 21, which enables the movement of the laser cladding head 23. That is, after adjusting the relative position between the ultrasonic transducer 10 and the laser cladding device 4, the entire device can be moved to perform common laser additive manufacturing. The connecting flange 20 is connected to the circumferential rotating shaft 17, meaning that the laser cladding device 4 and the circumferential rotating shaft 17 are fixedly connected relative to the robotic arm. The radial adjustment slide rail 14 and the driven gear 13 on the laser cladding device 4 can both be rotated and adjusted.

[0023] When processing a laser cladding workpiece, for example, by applying a three-dimensional non-contact ultrasonic energy field to assist in processing, three ultrasonic transducers 10 are mounted on the outer edge of the arc-shaped frame 3 of the radial adjustment holder 12. The driving gear 19 drives the driven gear 13 to rotate, causing the guide rod 16 to move along the arc-shaped track groove 18 in a curved motion until it reaches the maximum distance that the radial adjustment holder 12 can reach. The fastening knob 15 is turned to fix the radial adjustment holder 12. The radial adjustment slide rail 14 is rotated around the circumferential rotation axis 17 so that the axis of the ultrasonic transducer 10 is in the same plane as the laser cladding direction. The clamping clamp 7 is adjusted to rotate around the hinge support 11, allowing the three ultrasonic transducers to move in a curved motion. All transducers 10 are at a 45° angle to the surface of the workpiece to be processed. At the same time, the extended axes of the three ultrasonic transducers 10 intersect the extended axis of the laser cladding head 23 at a single point. The angular position of the ultrasonic transducers 10 is fixed, and the guide rail slider 6 is adjusted to slide along the sliding guide rail 5 until the tips of the ultrasonic auxiliary energy fields emitted by the three ultrasonic transducers 10 are on the same horizontal plane as the laser cladding head 23. The position of the guide rail slider 6 is fixed, and finally the intersection of the extended axes of the three ultrasonic transducers 10 and the extended axis of the laser cladding head 23 falls on the surface of the workpiece to be processed. The adjustment is completed, and the workpiece can then be subjected to laser cladding processing under the assistance of ultrasonic energy fields.

[0024] The technical solution of this utility model is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described herein. All technical contents not described in detail herein are publicly known technologies.

Claims

1. A high-degree-of-freedom multidimensional ultrasonic energy field-assisted laser additive manufacturing device, characterized in that: The device includes a vertically arranged laser cladding device (4), with a circumferential rotating shaft (17) installed on the top of the laser cladding device (4). A base plate (1) and a driven gear (13) that can rotate relative to each other are installed on the outer periphery of the circumferential rotating shaft (17). The base plate (1) is located between the laser cladding device (4) and the driven gear (13). The outer periphery of the base plate (1) is provided with several radially adjustable slide rails (14) arranged in a circle. Each radially adjustable slide rail (14) is fitted with a radially adjustable retainer (12) that can move telescopically. The radially adjustable retainer (12) located in the radially adjustable slide rail (14) is provided with a protruding guide rod (16). The radially adjustable slide rail (14) is provided with a clearance groove (2) that cooperates with the guide rod (16). The driven gear (13) is provided with an arc-shaped track groove (18) that cooperates with each guide rod (16). A fastening knob (15) is installed at one end of the guide rod (16) that extends out of the arc-shaped track groove (18). Rotating the fastening knob (15) can lock the guide rod (16) in the arc-shaped track groove (18). A rotatable ultrasonic transducer (10) is installed at one end of the radial adjustment retainer (12) that extends out of the radial adjustment slide rail (14). The ultrasonic transducer (10) can be raised and lowered vertically along the axis of the laser cladding device (4). The axis of rotation of the ultrasonic transducer (10) is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the laser cladding device (4). When the driven gear (13) rotates, it can drive the radial adjustment retainer (12) to move through the matching arc-shaped track groove (18) and the guide rod (16) to adjust the radial distance between each ultrasonic transducer (10) and the laser cladding device (4). A mechanical arm connecting flange (21) is also installed on the laser cladding device (4).

2. The high-degree-of-freedom multidimensional ultrasonic energy field-assisted laser additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drive motor (24) is installed on the base plate (1). A drive gear (19) that meshes with the driven gear (13) is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor (24). When the drive motor (24) starts, it can drive the driven gear (13) to rotate relative to the circumferential shaft (17).

3. The high-degree-of-freedom multidimensional ultrasonic energy field-assisted laser additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial adjustment retainer (12) has an arc-shaped frame (3) installed at the end extending from the radial adjustment slide rail (14). When the radial adjustment retainer (12) retracts, the arc-shaped frame (3) can form a complete circular frame. Vertically arranged sliding guide rails (5) are installed on the outer circumference of each arc-shaped frame (3). The sliding guide rails (5) are arranged parallel to the central axis of the laser cladding device (4). A matching guide rail slider (6) is installed on the sliding guide rail (5), and a hinge support is installed on the guide rail slider (6). (11) A rotatable clamp (7) is installed inside the hinge support (11). An ultrasonic transducer (10) is installed inside the clamp. A first locking screw (25) is installed on the guide rail slider (6). Rotating the first locking screw (25) can fix the guide rail slider (6) on the sliding guide rail (5). A second locking screw (26) is installed on the hinge support (11). Rotating the second locking screw (26) can lock the clamp (7) in the hinge support (11) at a set angle.

4. The high-degree-of-freedom multidimensional ultrasonic energy field-assisted laser additive manufacturing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ultrasonic transducer (10) is provided with a damping rod (9) at one end, and a damping clamping handle (8) is provided at the end of the damping rod (9) away from the ultrasonic transducer (10), and the damping clamping handle (8) is located in the clamping clamp (7).

5. The high-degree-of-freedom multidimensional ultrasonic energy field-assisted laser additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser cladding device (4) includes a laser cladding head (23) and a laser cladding internal pipeline (22). A connecting flange (20) is installed on the top of the laser cladding device (4). The connecting flange (20) is fixedly connected to the circumferential rotating shaft (17). The robotic arm connecting flange (21) is located on one side of the laser cladding device (4).

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